Union Regiments by State

Ohio

Source: The Union Army, Vol. II. Madison, Wisconsin: Federal Publishing Company, 1908.


Military Affairs in Ohio
1861-65

In common with her sister states of the north, Ohio was to a great extent unprepared for the shock of the Civil war, when the rebellious guns in Charleston harbor sounded a suspension of national peace and gave the signal for the fearful struggle that was to follow the attack upon Fort Sumter. The militia organizations that had been so effective in the pioneer days, guarding the frontier against the attacks of a savage foe, had, after the disappearance of that menacing danger, gradually disintegrated, and during a long period of profound peace the inhabitants of the Buckeye State had followed vocations and given their attention to matters entirely foreign to warlike tendencies. Some of her leading citizens, however, foresaw the inevitable conflict, and efforts were made, but with little success, to establish a militia system within the state. Several years prior to the opening of hostilities, Salmon P. Chase, then governor of Ohio, attempted to arouse interest in military organization and drill, undoubtedly because he anticipated an appeal of the great political questions to the high court of war. He was far from a military man himself, but he sought to make the state capable of meeting any emergency. Ellsworth, at Chicago, had shown that militia might be interested in something more than the manual of arms, and Chase, with some legislative support, encouraged similar companies of Zouaves in Ohio. These were fancy French drilled companies and proved to be failures in actual war. A new arsenal was established, new arms were received from the government, and such was the interest finally excited that a convention of nearly two hundred officers assembled at Columbus to consult as to the best means of developing and fostering a militia system; and in 1859, Governor Chase had the satisfaction of reviewing nearly thirty companies. But these were a mere bagatelle and can hardly be dignified by being called the nucleus of the grand array of fighting men that Ohio contributed as her quota to the support of the Union cause in the great conflict which was then so near at hand, but little anticipated by the people in general. Thus, while materially prosperous and progressive, enjoying the benefits of fraternal relations with her sister commonwealths, Ohio was suddenly aroused from her dream of peace, and the nation's defenders which she supplied were drawn from the different walks of life. Professors and plow-boys, merchants and mechanics, lawyers and laborers, were the ones who answered the call to arms, and in the service of their country caste was obliterated. They all marched and fought as equals—defenders of the flag.

The sentiment of the state was conservative and in complete accord with the ideas of Abraham Lincoln whose election the voters of Ohio had so emphatically favored. The prevailing sentiment was that anything within reason should be conceded to the South, excepting the one great principle for which the campaign of i860 had been waged, and upon which issue the presidential election had been won—slavery must not be extended over more United States territory, or into new states formed therefrom. In the Congress of 1859-60, memorable for the long and bitter and finally successful contest of the Southerners against the candidacy of John Sherman for speaker of the house, Thomas Corwin had secured the preliminary adoption of an amendment to the United States constitution, guarding slavery forever from interference, provided it remained within the limits then established. In this action Corwin had the support of his constituents, as was evidenced later by Ohio's legislative endorsement of the proposed amendment, but this exceptional action was the manifestation of a strong desire for national peace, and had the true sentiment of the people of Ohio even then been expressed it would have been an emphatic disapproval of the institution of human slavery and an earnest demand for its utter annihilation. So, when the Gordian knot had been cut by the initiative of the South, and an appeal to arms had been taken in its effort to establish The Confederate States of America, the first and only attempt ever made to organize a nation solely based on the principle of eternally perpetuating human slavery, Ohioans no longer felt the necessity of restraint, and enthusiastically responded to the call from the national government for aid in suppressing the sectional uprising. Ohio, at this critical period, had a population of 2,343,739, and as this was fully one-eighth of the people of the states that might be expected to unitedly support the national government, and, with about 500,000 men of military age within her borders, it was to be expected that the state would play an important part in the conflict. And that such expectations were more than realized a history of the bloody struggle gives abundant proof.

South Carolina passed the first Ordinance of Secession December 20, i860, and four other slave states followed before Lincoln was inaugurated and the Confederacy was formed at Montgomery, Alabama, February 8, 1861. The seceded states and the Confederacy as soon as formed seized United States forts and arsenals, arms, ammunition and military supplies, capturing and paroling United States troops, also of the United States mint and its contents of gold and silver and also custom houses, etc., until there remained only a few spots in the South Atlantic and Gulf states where the Stars and Stripes were flying.

The Ohio legislature met on the first Monday of January, 1861, amidst the general pervading excitement growing out of these events, and the members thereof were keenly alive to the impending exigency in national affairs. On January 12, they passed a series of joint resolutions, of which the following is a synopsis:

1st. The people of Ohio believe that the preservation of this government is essential to the peace, prosperity and safety of the American people.

2nd. The general government cannot permit the secession of any state without violating the bond and compact of Union.

3d. The power of the national government must be maintained, and the laws of Congress enforced in the states and territories, until their repeal by Congress, or they are adjudged to be unconstitutional by the proper tribunal. All attempts by state authority to nullify the constitution and laws of Congress, or resist their execution, are destructive of the wisest government in the world.

4th. The people of Ohio are opposed to meddling with the internal affairs of other states.

5th. The people of Ohio will fulfil in good faith all their obligations under the constitution of the United States, according to their spirit.

6th. Certain offensive laws in some of the states are rendered inefficient by the constitution and laws of the Federal government, which guarantee to the citizens of each state the privileges and immunities of the several states. The several state governments should repeal these offensive laws, and thus restore confidence between the states.

7th. All Union men condemn the secession ordinances.

8th. We hail with joy the firm, dignified and patriotic message of the president, and pledge the entire power and resources of the state for a strict maintenance of the constitution and laws by the general government, by whomsoever administered.

9th. Copies of these resolutions shall be furnished to the senators and representatives of both houses of Congress.

Yet there was a constant restraint exercised in Ohio as elsewhere, imposed more particularly by the attitude of the border states and the hope that in some way means could be found whereby an honorable peace could be maintained without the surrender of principle or the dissolution of the Union. At the peace conference, called at the suggestion of the border states, and which was held in Washington in February, 1861, Ohio sent as delegates Salmon P. Chase, John T. Wright, William S. Groesbeck, Franklin T. Backus, Reuben Hitchcock, Thomas Ewing, Valentine B. Horton and C. P. Wolcott. Crafts J. Wright of Ohio was secretary of this peace conference. They deliberated upon various plans to preserve both peace and the Union, the central idea of each scheme being the perpetuation of slavery in the South and its limitation by definite boundary lines. But the conference was altogether futile, and the change in administration of national affairs, on March 4, following, put the reins of government in the hands of those who heartily endorsed the sentiment expressed by Jackson in the words: "The Union of the states must and shall be preserved!"

On April 12, 1861, an act to enroll the militia of the state became a law. The following is a synopsis of it:

1st. Assessors to prepare lists of all persons subject to military duty, and file the lists with the auditor, who shall furnish a copy to the adjutant-general, and an abstract shall by him be forwarded annually to the war department at Washington before January 1 in each year. There shall also be a militia of the reserve; when 40 or more persons enroll themselves, the adjutant may issue commissions. When public service requires more force than "the active militia," this "militia of the reserve" shall be called into service.

On the same day was passed an act to secure the safe keeping of arms in the hands of volunteer companies. It provided that each man should receive $5; that the commanders should report lists of members; that the commanders should report all delinquencies in the company; that delinquents should be marked off by the adjutant-general, and the delinquents were not to receive the $5; that the aggregate should not exceed 6,000 men.

On the 13th the following law was passed to amend the militia law of 1859. It provided for carrying into effect the new military division of the state. The amendment was as follows:

Sec. 5. That the commander-in-chief may, if he shall deem the same advisable, order a camp of instruction to be held, once a year, for four days, during the period of legal encampments, at which time the officers of the volunteer militia, or the officers and all other members of said militia, shall be drilled in the school of the soldier and the details of their respective duties; and section 3 of the act entitled "an act for the further discipline of the militia and volunteer militia, passed March 23, 1859," and providing a camp of instruction for officers only, is hereby repealed. These laws became inoperative in the presence of the immediately succeeding war.

But a more striking proof of the conciliatory disposition which possessed the legislature was to be given. The proposed constitutional amendment, which has been mentioned, and which was carried through Congress by the efforts of Thomas Corwin, was submitted to the legislatures of the several states for ratification; and before the beginning of actual hostilities in Charleston harbor, it was apparent that, carrying the effort for conciliation to the furthest extreme, the legislature of Ohio meant to give (as it did) the sanction of Ohio to this irreversible guarantee to slavery in the fundamental law of the land. Before its place on the Ohio senate calendar was reached, however, came the bombardment of Fort Sumter, April 12, 1861, the surrender of that fort and the call of the president to "maintain the honor, integrity and existence of the National Union." On April 15, the State of Ohio was wild with excitement over the receipt of the news of the call to arms. On the next day troops began to arrive in Columbus in answer to the president's call, and the feeling, if possible, was even more intense. The telegraphs and mails were burdened with exhortations to the legislature to grant money and men to any extent, and the hot haste of the people to plunge into war seemed to cause the very air to become laden with the clamor. Notwithstanding the pulse of the people, however, and as a last effort at conciliation, the state senate adopted the Corwin constitutional amendment, and only eight members out of the whole body opposed it. Maryland was the only other state in the Union that ratified the Corwin amendment; even the southern states scorned it.

Although in this manner the representatives of the people signified their desire for peace, they also promptly took all the necessary preliminary steps in preparation for war. The president's requisition for 75,000 men having been received, Governor William Dennison issued the following proclamation:

"To the People of Ohio:—You are called upon to meet the gravest responsibilities, and it may be sacrifices, to preserve your free institutions and your national independence.

"The attempt of your government to supply a beleaguered garrison with provisions, has been met by open war, and the reduction of the garrison by force of arms. Your national flag has been insulted, and the constitutional authorities of the Union treasonably defied.

"At such an hour, rising above all party names and party bias, resolute to maintain the freedom so dearly purchased by our fathers, and to transmit it unimpaired to our posterity, let the people assert their power.

"Your voice will be heard, your actions, giving hope to the overawed and oppressed in the rebellious districts, will strengthen the hands and animate the hearts of the loyal thousands in the border states, and will bring back peace and order to the nation, with a new assurance of the perpetuity of its priceless blessings. The general assembly, by acts just passed, opens to you the method of testifying your devotion to our beloved state, to the Union as it is, and those free institutions which have been alike the foundation and pledge of our national and individual prosperity.

"The general orders issued through the proper department assert that method, and invite your response. Let us all be thankful to Almighty God for past mercies, imploring His pardon for our many shortcomings, and trusting with Him the destinies of our country, forget all but the pressing duty to cast aside the distinctions that have been the basis of transient differences, and demonstrate to the world that we are worthy sons of great ancestors, fit to be intrusted with the liberties we inherit."

On April 16, within less than 24 hours after the president's call for troops had been received, the state senate had matured, carried through the several readings, and passed a bill appropriating $1,000,000 for placing the state upon a war-footing, and for assisting the general government in meeting the shock of the sectional uprising. Some days earlier a bill had been introduced appropriating $100,000 for war purposes, but on a hint from the governor that perhaps other and more important measures might be deemed advisable, action was delayed. Then the $1,000,000 war bill was introduced, in response to a message from Governor Dennison, in which he announced the call from Washington, set forth the necessity of defending the integrity of the Union, and concluded as follows:

"But as the contest may grow to greater dimensions than is now anticipated, I deem it my duty to recommend to the general assembly of this state to make provisions proportionate to its means to assist the national authorities in restoring the integrity and strength of the Union, in all its amplitude, as the only means of preserving the rights of all the states, and insuring the permanent peace and prosperity of the whole country. I earnestly recommend, also, that an appropriation of not less than $450,000 be immediately made for the purchase of arms and equipments for the use of the volunteer militia of the state. I need not remind you of the pressing exigency for the prompt organization and arming of the military force of the state."

The debate which preceded the passage of this war-appropriation bill illustrated the melting away of party lines under the white heat of patriotism. As the members opposed to the institution of slavery in any locality had shown their willingness, in the interest of peace and national union, to support a constitutional amendment that would preserve and protect it in a restricted territory, so did those who were opposed politically to the national administration bury their partisan feelings and unite in the support of a measure which was to unmistakably reflect Ohio's attitude in the impending crisis. Senator Orr, of Crawford county, was opposed to the war, and even to the purposes of the bill, but he said he would vote for it as the best means of testifying his hostility to secession. Judge Thomas M. Key, of Cincinnati, the ablest Democrat in the state senate, and who was subsequently colonel and judge-advocate on General McClellan's staff, said that he, too, was in favor of the bill. Yet he then seemed to regard the measure as an unwarranted declaration of war against seven sister states. He entered his solemn protest against the line of action announced by the executive, and declared the preparation for war was a usurpation by the president, in whom and in whose advisers he had no confidence, and the beginning of a military despotism. He said he firmly believed it to be the desire of the administration to drive off the border states, and to permanently sever the Union. But he was opposed to secession, and in this contest he could do no other way than stand by the Stars and Stripes. The bill passed by an almost unanimous vote, one senator alone voting against it, but under the terrible pressure of public condemnation, especially in his own district, that gentleman shortly afterward asked leave to change his vote. The bill was then sent to the house, and the vote in that body, after its members had waited a day for public opinion, was unanimous, and in the speeches made there were unreserved expressions of national spirit. Mr. Flagg, a Democrat of Hamilton county, said he was "ready for peace for the Union, or war for it, love for it, hatred for it, everything for it." He was glad that delay had produced unanimity. But he had been of the number that had favored instant action. He said he was ready for immediate action because "Jefferson Davis had shown no hesitation in suspending the rules and marching through first, second, and third readings without waiting to hear from his constituents." He had ever advocated peace, but always a peace for the Union. Mr. Andrews, of Auglaize county, who had denounced the excitement on the subject of war as crazy fanaticism, heartily supported the bill. He said: "The act of South Carolina towards the Democrats of the North was a crime for which the English language can find no description. * * * It has forever severed the last tie that bound them together." Amid such displays of patriotic feeling the bill was passed and became effective on April 18. It appropriated $500,000 for the purpose of carrying into effect any requisition of the president to protect the national government; $450,000 for the purchase of arms and equipments for the militia of the state; and the remaining $50,000 as an extraordinary contingent fund for use under the direction of the governor. The commissioners of the sinking fund were authorized to borrow the money, at six per cent, interest, and to issue certificates therefor which should be free from state taxation.

In the passage of other war measures all semblance of factious opposition was noticeably absent. Under the leadership of William B. Woods, ex-speaker of the house and a Democratic leader, who subsequently rose to the rank of colonel of a three years' volunteer regiment and brevet major-general of volunteers, a bill passed exempting the property of those who enlisted as soldiers from execution for debt during their serv-ice. Then, as it became evident that far more troops were pressing for acceptance than were needed to fill Ohio's quota of thirteen regiments, the legislature acceded to the sagacious suggestion of the governor that the surplus should be retained for the service of the state. The bill authorized the acceptance of ten additional regiments, provided $500,000 for the payment of such troops, and $1,500,000 more were appropriated to be used in case of invasion of the state, or the appearance of danger of invasion. On May 10, an act was passed, by which a tax of half a mill on the dollar of taxable property was levied, to be applied to the relief of families of volunteers, the relief to be continued one year after the death of the volunteer if he died in service. A bill defining and punishing treason also became a law.

On April 26, an act was passed "To provide more effectually for the defense of the state against invasion." The appropriation in this act amounted to $2,000,000, to meet which, the commissioners of the sinking fund were empowered to borrow the amount. The same act authorized the governor to call out nine regiments of infantry and eight of cavalry. At this juncture, however, a constitutional inhibition seemed to present itself, and those opposed to the act made the most of the situation. The constitution of the state, Sec. i, Art. VIII, limited the power of the state to contract debts to cases of "casual deficits or failures in revenues, or to meet expenses not otherwise provided for, but the aggregate of such debts, direct and contingent, whether contracted by one or more acts of the general assembly, or at different periods of time, shall never exceed $750,000." But section 2 of the same article provided that "In addition to the above limited power, the state may contract debts to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, defend the state in war, or to redeem the present outstanding indebtedness of the state." The loan authorized by the act of April 18, 1861, was clearly within the powers granted by the constitution, but the one authorized by the act of April 26, was one of graver character, not only in the amount but in the circumstances which would bring it within the powers conferred by the constitution upon the general assembly and the commissioners of the sinking fund. The constitution, however, did not specify who should decide on the question of danger of invasion, and hence the difficulty was overcome by the governor assuming that prerogative and deciding that "Ohio is in danger of invasion," and therefore that the debt was within the restrictions of the constitution.

On April 10, 1861, after there had been an actual condition of war on the southern coast for many weeks, though not officially recognized, the people of Cincinnati had shown a recognition of the actual state of affairs by stopping the shipment of arms through that city to Arkansas. And among the enactments of this session of the legislature was one providing against shipments of arms through the state for disloyal uses. Other measures were adopted organizing the militia of the state; providing suitable officers for duty on the staff of the governor; requiring contracts for subsistence of the volunteers to be let to the lowest bidder; and one authorizing the appointment of additional general officers. In concert with Governor Dennison the preparatory war legislation was completed, and when, within one month after the first note of alarm from Washington had been sounded, the general assembly adjourned, the state was on a war footing for the first time in its history. The legislature had made a grand record, and it reflected the patriotism which actuated its members, individually and collectively. And now some of them were to enter other fields of usefulness in the service of their country. Before the final adjournment the acting speaker had resigned to take a command in one of the regiments starting for Washington; two leading senators had been appointed brigadier-generals; and large numbers of the other members had in one capacity or another entered the military service.

The conduct of the governor and the members of the legislature in their official capacity received the hearty approval and enthusiastic endorsement of a large majority of the citizens of the state. Before the bombardment of Fort Sumter had ended all restraint was removed, the spirit of war was abroad, and twenty full companies were offered to Governor Dennison for immediate service. The response to the governor's proclamation was so generous that when Governor Magoffin telegraphed that "Kentucky would furnish no troops for the wicked purpose of subduing her sister Southern states," Dennison telegraphed to Washington, "If Kentucky will not fill her quota, Ohio will fill it for her." There was no hesitation in the response to the call for troops in Ohio. Three months before, Lorin Andrews, president of Kenyon college, had offered his services in case of war, and he now set about forming a company. He is mentioned here as a type of the men who enlisted or encouraged enlistment. As soon as the president had called for troops, telegrams came to the governor from various towns, tendering companies. Cincinnati, Dayton and Cleveland offered thousands. James Barrett Steedman, of Toledo, who had been a delegate to the Charleston Democratic convention, pledged a regiment in 10 days. Prominent men in every quarter, without regard to party, offered their services and asked what they could do. The militia system was, as has been stated, worthless and of no avail in the emergency. There were a few companies of volunteer infantry, armed and trained, and a few one-gun squads of artillery. The best known of these companies immediately offered their services. It is interesting to note that Lucius V. Bierce, the invader of Canada in 1838, was among those who raised companies, largely at his own expense. Later he was made assistant adjutant-general of volunteers, under the national government, and was engaged for two years in the mustering of volunteers at Columbus.

The Lancaster Guards arrived at Columbus on April 15, closely followed by the Dayton Light Guards and Montgomery Guards, and on the morning of April 18, two regiments were made up of the companies that had reached the capital. The 1st included the Lancaster Guards, the Lafayette Guards, and Light Guards and Montgomery Guards, of Dayton, the Grays and the Hibernian Guards of Cleveland, the Portsmouth, Zanesville and Mansfield Guards, and the Jacksons of Hamilton. In the 2nd regiment were the Rovers, Zouaves and Lafayettes of Cincinnati, the Videttes and Fencibles of Columbus, the Springfield Zouaves, the Covington Blues (of Miami county), one Steubenville and two Pickaway companies. The men elected their own officers, and Edward A. Parrot was made temporary commander of the ist, and Lewis Wilson, chief of police of Cincinnati, colonel of the 2nd. Without uniform and without arms, they started by train the next day under the command of George W. McCook, a Mexican war veteran, to defend the capital founded by the father of a united country. The ist was mustered into the U. S. service at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, by Lieutenant Alexander McDowell McCook, a New Lisbon, Ohio, boy, who had been educated at West Point. He was then made colonel, and Parrot lieutenant-colonel. The 2nd was mustered in at the same place and Wilson retained in command. Both regiments, after some delay, reached Washington, and were assigned to a brigade under the command of Robert C. Schenck, of Dayton, Ohio, who was made a brigadier-general of volunteers and later became a major-general of volunteers.

The quota of Ohio, in the call for 75,000 men, was 13,000, and after 2,000 had been sent to meet the most urgent demand, there remained the work of organizing eleven regiments from the hosts that poured into Columbus, where there was no proper shelter for them, no tents, no supplies, nobody with experience to take care of the men and organize them. Governor Dennison established Camp Jackson in the woods, naming it in honor of the old Democratic patriot, and the members of his staff, Adjt.-General Henry B. Carrington, Com.-General, George W. Runyan, and others, did the best they could under the circumstances, embarrassed by the usual disparaging comment that accompanies the organization of armies. To command the troops the governor wanted Irvin McDowell, who was then on the staff of General Winfield Scott, U. S. A., but upon the urgent request of Cincinnati friends he selected George B. McClellan and he was forthwith commissioned a major-general. For brigadier-generals of volunteers Newton Schleich, a Democratic leader in the state senate, Joshua H. Bates, of Cincinnati, and Jacob D. Cox were selected and each was commissioned for three months. Presently the governor's staff was reinforced by the addition of Catharinus P. Buckingham, adjutant-general; George B. Wright, quartermaster-general; Columbus Delano, commissary-general; and C. P. Walcott, judge-advocate-general.

Thirty thousand men assembled in answer to the call for 13,000. Out of these, eleven more regiments were organized for three months' service in the volunteer army of the United States. A little later these were sent to Camp Dennison and still later they re-enlisted and were there reorganized for the three years' service under President Lincoln's first call for three year enlistments. Two or three thousand declined to re-enlist, and were sent home on furlough until their three months' enlistment had expired. They had not in all cases been paid, and "their feelings were participated in by their friends, until very many were led to believe that the promises of the government were worthless, and bitterness and wrath succeeded to suspicion and disappointment." (Report of Adjutant-General Buckingham, 1861.) In addition to these thirteen volunteer regiments for the national army, Ohio organized ten regiments of her own out of the companies that were offered, one regiment of which went to St. Louis and was mustered in as the 13th Missouri, under Colonel Crafts J. Wright, and two others became the 1st and 2nd Kentucky infantry regiments. Besides these regiments, enough companies for four others were held in reserve at their homes. The president, in his proclamation of April 15, had allowed the Confederates 20 days in which to disperse, and on the expiration of that time the following general order was issued, explaining the manner of proceeding to raise companies for a reserve force of 100,000 men, the number of companies to which each county was entitled, and other matters pertaining to the organization of this immense "home army:"

"General Headquarters, Adj't-General's Office, Columbus, Ohio, May 6, 1861.

"The twenty days' limit for the dispersion of rebels now in arms against the United States has expired. Whether the struggle for vindication of the imperilled Union shall be brief or protracted, the result is certain. The destinies of all nations are interwoven with that of America, and the issue is made up. Ohio will meet the crisis firmly and fulfil her part. The more decided her action, the sooner will peace succeed war, and loyalty supplant treason.

"To give force and system to her action, the following general order is promulgated:

"I. The militia is divided into the 'active army of operation' and the 'militia of the reserve.' The nine regiments now encamped (additional to the thirteen mustered into the United States service), and such further regiments as the general assembly shall authorize, will be mustered into the state service, and placed under strict discipline for immediate service.

"II. The enrolled militia, between the ages of 18 and 45, exceeds 300,000 men. This force is divided into the 1st, 2nd and 3d reserve corps. The able-bodied force of other ages retired from service, but fully competent to meet any demand that the exigencies of the Union may require, exceeds 200,000 men, and will constitute the 4th and 5th reserve corps. The 1st reserve corps will be organized forthwith, and be subject to immediate transfer into the 'active army of operation.' Applications, however, for the organization of militia of the reserve will not be limited to this quota, but the companies composing it will receive the post of honor and the first assignment to active duty in case the country requires their service. ******* "

VI. As a general rule, public arms will not be issued to the militia of the reserve, but a proximate estimate of the number of private rifles in the possession of men expert in their use, shows that, with proper exercise, nearly or quite the entire first contingent of 100,000 men can be armed, and disciplined in hours of leisure, postponing their draft upon the state until they are transferred to the active corps.

"By order of the Commander-in-Chief. "H. B. Carrington, Adjutant-general."

The state was expected to uniform, arm and equip its soldiers, and the difficulties of doing this were enormous, requiring the generous services and counsel of the best qualified citizens. The people of Toledo, Dayton, Zanesville, and other places, subscribed large sums of money for the support of the volunteers and their families, and at Zanesville large property holders agreed to give houses rent free to families of volunteers during their absence. To aid in the work of equipping the soldiers Miles Greenwood, who had established an iron foundry in Cincinnati in 1831, undertook the contract for rifling the old smooth-bore .69 caliber muskets, and thus produced the "Greenwood rifle," which carried for a long range a bullet of considerable size. He also undertook the casting of canon, and during the war turned out over 200 bronze cannon. He also manufactured gun-caissons, and the armament of a monitor.

As soon as it was known that troops would be called out for three years, Governor Dennison recommended General McClellan for the rank of major-general U. S. A., so that he could retain chief command in the West. "Ohio must lead throughout the war," said the governor. Aside from the furnishing of troops to the general government, the chief duty of Governor Dennison was the protection of the state from invasion. There was no Confederate army near in the early part of 1861, for Kentucky was neutral and divided on the question of loyalty to the Union and western Virginia was largely Union in sentiment. But Confederate companies were organizing all along the border and it was reasonable to expect that Confederate raids would be made into Ohio and later large bodies of Confederates would occupy those regions adjacent to Ohio, if they were not forestalled. Adjt.-General Carrington in April, 1861, advised the governor that the Ohio river was not a practical line of defense, and that Ohio could be guarded only by occupying western Virginia and KentucKentucky. But did the Ohio troops have a right to invade the soil of another state? When it was being discussed whether United States troops could take possession of the Long bridge at Washington, Governor Dennison said: "We can let no theory prevent the defense of Ohio. I will defend Ohio where it costs less and accomplishes most. Above all, I will defend Ohio beyond rather than on her own border." He joined with Governors Yates and Morton in urging the government to garrison the important points in Kentucky, but that was not attempted until the enemy had occupied strategic positions. Regarding western Virginia, the governor obtained permission to act, because in that quarter it was desired to encourage the people in their efforts to secede from Virginia and form a new state. In April Colonel Barnett and part of his artillery was sent to Marietta to hold in check the rebellious element at Parkersburg, and when it was heard that the Virginia volunteers had taken possession of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad at Grafton, the government permitted Ohio to go ahead. On May 24, McClellan began to move, and he then asked for the nine regiments of state troops, which in six hours were in motion for the border. Colonel Steedman crossed with the 14th Ohio, and Barnett's artillery at Marietta, occupied Parkersburg May 27, and swept out on and along the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, repairing the track and rebuilding bridges to Grafton, where he joined Colonel Irvine, who had brought the 16th Ohio and Colonel Kelley's Virginia regiment along the other branch of that road. Pushing on to Philippi, they fought the first battle or affair of the war, June 3, and drove the Confederate forces further back into the mountains. A slow advance was a little later made by General McClellan with a considerable army upon the new positions of the Confederates at the Rich mountain and at Laurel hill near Philippi. The attack on Rich mountain was made July 11 and a victory was won by a brigade of four regiments of infantry, three of them from Ohio, under Brigadier-General W. S. Rosecrans, also of Ohio. A sharp blow to the retreating enemy was delivered the next day at Carrick's ford.

Colonel Norton, with the 21st Ohio, crossed at Gallipolis, seized 30 Virginians of secession activity, and sent them to Camp Chase near Columbus, they being the first prisoners at that camp, which was afterward famous as a place of detention for Confederate soldiers and other prisoners.

Some of the Ohio troops that participated in this preliminary work in West Virginia returned home at the end of their three months' enlistment, but were neglected by the United States government in the matters of muster out and pay. "Disappointed and disgusted by the treatment they had received," says General Buckingham, "they aggravated in a tenfold degree the mischief produced by the three-months' men sent home from Camp Dennison. The prospect of raising troops in Ohio was for a time very discouraging." But the neglect was due to the lack of money in the U. S. treasury and of efficient general organization. So much was enlistment discouraged, however, that it was fortunate that Ohio had four regiments in reserve. In June these were called to Camp Chase, near Columbus, and organized into the 23d, 24th, 25th and 26th regiments. The nine regiments that had been in western Virginia having been mustered out, the entire force of Ohio three-years' men in the field on August 1, were the four just named, the eleven organized at Camp Dennison, two cavalry companies and two sections of artillery. These were on duty mainly in western Virginia. But the effect of disaster at Bull Run (July 21, 1861,) was to stiffen the determination of the patriotic leaders. Venomous criticism was stifled in the face of danger to the national capital, and new regulations removed some disagreeable features of enlistment. The nine three-months' regiments that had been in western Virginia were reorganized for three years, and besides these many other entirely new regiments were organized, so that by the end of the year the Ohio infantry numbers ran up to 82. At Mansfield, under the encouragement of Senator Sherman, who for a time intended to go to the field, but was dissuaded, there were organized two regiments, a squadron of cavalry and a battery. Congressman Gurley gave special attention to the promotion of distinctive regiments from the Cincinnati district. Cavalry was at first discouraged, but the state raised one regiment in July, Senator B. F. Wade and John Hutchins raised another on the Reserve, and by special efforts a total of six cavalry regiments were formed in the year. In the artillery branch seventeen batteries were organized, besides Colonel James Barnett's regiment, which was filled to ten companies. Notable among these batteries were Wetmore's, of Cleveland, and Mitchell's, of Springfield, that went to Missouri. Hoffman's Cincinnati battery was the first to go to Missouri, followed by the 39th, 27th and 81st and part of the 22nd Ohio regiments. Ohio troops rendered valiant service in saving Missouri as well as West Virginia and KentucKentucky. The whole number of troops organized for the war by the state of Ohio, to December 31, 1861, was as follows:

In camps in the state: thirty-five regiments infantry, 26,146; four regiments cavalry, 4,485; seventeen batteries artillery, 1,228; total, 31,679.

Ohio troops in three years' service, infantry, 67,546; cavalry, 7,270; artillery, 3,028; total, 77,844.

To which add twenty-two full regiments for three months, 22,000; two companies of cavalry, 180; two sections artillery, 80; one battery, 120; grand total, 100,224.

The expenses paid by Ohio were given as follows:

"Columbus, Ohio, August i, 1861.

"It is hereby certified that the costs, charges, and expenses, properly incurred by the state of Ohio, for enrolling, subsisting, clothing, supplying, arming, equipping, and transporting its troops employed in aiding to suppress the present insurrection against the United States, exceed the sum of the following items, viz.: enrollment, $20,000; incidental expenses, $30,000; subsistence, $300,000; clothing, $600,000; barracks, camp equipage, medical supplies, ammunition, etc., $250,000; arms, $400,000; equipping troops, $350,000; transportation, $150,000;

"Two million one hundred thousand dollars ($2,100,000).

"W. Dennison, Governor of Ohio."

"R. W. Taylor, Auditor of State."


In September, 1861 the Federal government returned to the state $900,000 of the $2,100,000 the latter had expended in forwarding troops.

With the close of the eventful year of 1861 ended the career of William Dennison as a war governor of Ohio. At the time when the political parties were selecting their candidates for the gubernatorial office, in the autumn of that year, Governor Dennison was being accused of responsibility for all the mistakes that had occurred in the raising of an army of soldiers in Ohio greater than the whole United States had ever before put in the field. For this reason, and also for the purpose of retaining the favor of the hosts of Democrats who supported the war, David Tod, a former Democrat, received the nomination of the Union Republican party and he was successful at the polls. But Governor Dennison's record was not such as to be ashamed of. From April 15, 1861, until he retired from office in January 1862, he had organized twenty-three regiments for three months' service and eighty-two for three years'. He left the state credited with 20,751 soldiers over and above the demands of the general government. Besides that he had shown a prescient military wisdom in regard to the occupation of western Virginia and KentucKentucky. In financial administration, when the appropriations of $3,000,000 by the legislature were tied up under a construction of the law followed by the state treasurer, he adopted the bold plan of collecting money due the state from the general government by his personal agents and using it for the desired purposes. In this way he kept out of the state treasury, and where it could be used, over $1,000,000 that was absolutely necessary for war purposes. In all this work he had been efficiently aided by such distinguished Ohio civilians as George W. McCook, Edward Ball, Noah H. Swayne, Joseph R. Swan, Aaron F. Perry, Julius J. Wood, Richard M. Corwin, Alfred P. Stone and William A. Piatt.

During the session of 1862, the Ohio legislature, on March 14, adopted the following resolutions: "Whereas, wicked and ambitious traitors have, without cause, plunged our nation into civil war, disregarding all fraternal obligations; falsifying the most sacred injunctions that can be applied to the conscience—their solemn oaths; forcing upon us an expense of millions of money and incalculable loss in the prostration of business, and untold miseries in the sacrifice of human life; and whereas recent developments manifest a disposition on the part of some of the leaders of the rebellion to ask terms and sue for peace; Therefore,

"Be it resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, That in view of the loss of loyal blood and treasure, our government cannot, without loss of character and injustice to the noble dead that have fallen in defense of its authority and the rights of humanity, accept less than an unconditional submission to the supremacy of the constitution and the laws.

"Resolved, That the future peace of the United States and the permanency of the government, as well as the best interests of humanity throughout the world, demand the speedy trial and summary execution of all leading conspirators in the attempt to destroy the government; and in the name of the people of Ohio, who have given their money and lives without stint for the preservation of our liberties, we protest against the entertainment of any proposition for settlement other than unconditional submission to rightful authority and the condign punishment of the authors of the rebellion."

Shiloh was a battle of great carnage, and as soon as the news of the losses in killed and wounded reached home the great heart of Ohio throbbed with sympathy. The Sanitary commission, Mayor Hatch of Cincinnati, and Governor Tod. hastened to send steamers down the rivers, laden with supplies, surgeons and nurses. "Ohio boats removed the wounded with tender care to the hospitals at Camp Dennison and elsewhere within the state; the Ohio treasury was good for expenditures for the comfort of the sick and wounded which the general government did not provide for." At the close of the year the state had paid out over $50,000 for the expense of eleven steamboats, many surgeons, etc., in this work of mercy.

While Stonewall Jackson was raiding the Shenandoah Valley there was great alarm for the safety of Washington, and in obedience to a call from the capital, Governor Tod called for more volunteers. At Cleveland a public meeting was hastily called, at which 250 men enlisted, among them nearly all the students of a law school; at Zanesville the fire bells rang alarm, and 300 were enrolled, among them the judge of the court then in session and a large number of the lawyers, while all over the state there was the same spirit moving all classes of her people, so that 5,000 men reported at Camp Chase within a few days. Under these circumstances the 84th regiment was sent to the field in 10 days, and the 85th, 86th, 87th and 88th were soon afterward filled. All the other regiments—eighty-two of infantry and six of cavalry— had been filled in February and March and sent out of the state, except the 45th, 50th and 52nd, recruited during the summer. Under the two calls of the president, each for 300,000 men, the quota of Ohio was 74,000. Under the law the state militia was liable to draft for half of this force. To avoid the apparently harsh methods of the draft, which would bring in all able-bodied men without regard to their patriotism, the plan was at this time adopted of apportioning the quota to the counties, and later to the townships, according to population, and to call upon the communities to encourage enlistments in the most effective manner possible. At the time when these calls were made the state had already raised, by voluntary enlistment, 115,200, and of these 60,000 three-years troops were in the field. This was not a very serious depletion of the state's military resources, but it was deemed best by Governor Tod and those who were apparently best qualified to judge, to use extraordinary means to secure enlistments, and the practice was begun of paying bounties. Beginning in the summer of 1862 and continuing until the latter part of the war, over $50,000,000 was paid in local bounties in Ohio to secure enlistments. But in spite of all that was done in this way in the summer of 1862, the state had furnished but 151,301 voluntary enlistments on September 1, of that year, and a draft was necessary to raise 12,000 more. The draft was a failure practically, for it resulted in adding only 2400 men, but voluntary enlistments were renewed and stimulated by and after the draft so that the state was by the end of the year credited with 171,000 men, besides the first three-months men, recruits for the regular army and enlistments in the navy. It was evident that some strong antiwar influence had temporarily occupied the public mind during the summer, and difficulties were from time to time thrown in the way by persons hostile to the war. Perhaps the most conspicuous of these was Dr. Edson B. Olds, of Lancaster, whose speeches were considered by Governor Tod as calculated to discourage enlistments so seriously that he recommended the Washington authorities to arrest the irascible doctor, under the provisions of the proclamation suspending the writ of habeas corpus. Dr. Olds was accordingly arrested on the evening of August 12, 1862, by a couple of U. S. officers. Some resistance was attempted by one or more members of the family, but it proved trifling, the prisoner was conveyed with little difficulty out of town and sent to Fort Lafayette, where the U. S. authorities continued to hold him for many months. Arrests of some other parties of less prominence followed. In all, eleven were made—only two of which were on the governor's recommendation, however.

There appeared nothing threatening to Ohio in the early summer of 1862, but suddenly the air of peace was disturbed by the raid of General John H. Morgan and his cavalry into central KentucKentucky. Cincinnati was reasonably alarmed by the news and the frantic appeals of the Kentucky general then on duty in that state. Public meetings were called in the city, George E. Pugh leading the effort for defense, Governor Tod sent arms and convalescent soldiers, followed by other troops in the state, and these and the city police force were sent to Lexington, Kentucky, to meet the enemy, but Morgan retired after somewhat recruiting his brigade and destroying a great amount of military supplies.

Before the news of the battles at South mountain and Antietam brought mourning to Ohio homes, the state was again alarmed by the great invasion of Kentucky by Gens. Kirby Smith and Braxton Bragg. General Manson attempted to check the Confederates at Richmond, Kentucky, but was swept away, one Ohio regiment, the 95th, sharing in the battle, and losing 48 killed and wounded, among the wounded being the colonel, William L. McMillen. News of the battle reached Cincinnati Saturday night and on Monday came the information that General D. C. Buell, lately planning to take Chattanooga, was moving toward Louisville after Bragg, who was advancing with the main Confederate army to unite with Smith, who had marched through Cumberland gap and over the old warrior's trail to the Ohio river. Cincinnati was thus exposed to the combined Confederate forces, and it is not surprising that the city was alarmed. Yet there was no panic. The people resolved to defend Cincinnati. General Lew Wallace (late of Ben Hur fame) was sent to take command, and he at once proclaimed martial law and ordered the citizens to suspend all business and assemble for military service or work. "The principle adopted is, citizens for the labor, soldiers for the battle," he said. "The willing shall be properly credited, the unwilling promptly visited." This vigorous order was generally and cheerfully obeyed. Every store and saloon was closed, the street cars stopped running, ministers, physicians, school teachers and all classes reported for duty, by noon thousands of citizens were drilling in companies, and many were at work on the fortifications traced back of Newport and Covington. At the close of the day a pontoon bridge connected Cincinnati and Covington, over which lumber for barracks and material for fortifying were being transported. Governor Tod, meanwhile, reached the city and ordered forward all the available troops and munitions of war. "Throughout the interior of the state church and fire bells rang; mounted men in Ohio 331 galloped through neighborhoods to spread the alarm; there was a hasty cleaning of rifles, moulding of bullets, filling of powder horns, and mustering at the villages; and every city-bound train ran burdened with the gathering host." The trains for Cincinnati were crowded that night, and by daybreak of September 3, the so called "Squirrel Hunters" began pouring into Cincinnati. These self-armed volunteers with their homespun or plain clothes and sportsman outfits, mingled in the streets with fragments of militia companies, invalid veterans and portions of partly organized regiments, marching over the pontoon bridge into Kentucky. "The ladies of the city furnished provisions by the wagon load; the Fifth-street market house was converted into a vast free eating saloon; halls and warehouses were used as barracks." By the 4th Governor Tod had sent to the point of danger twenty regiments, and twenty-one more were in process of organization, besides the militia. Among them was the newly organized 104th, under Colonel J. W. Reilly. The stringent orders regarding business were relaxed in a few days, but the people continued their work of defense. Details of white citizens—3,000 a day—judges, lawyers, clerks, merchant-princes and day laborers, reinforced by a negro brigade, shoveled side by side in the red Kentucky clay. The Confederate demonstration was pushed far enough by September 10 to cause some skirmishing before Wallace's line, but by the 15th it was apparent that the prompt measures for defense of the city had saved it from all danger of attack and the "Squirrel Hunters" were able to return to their homes and the citizens to business. There were 15,000 of the "Squirrel Hunters," from the various counties of the state, Brown and Gallia contributing over 2,000. This was the "siege of Cincinnati," which left its monuments in •extensive but crude military works on the hills of Newport and Covington. After it was over the people laughed, but they had done a glorious as well as necessary work, unparalleled in the history of the United States. As General Wallace said in his farewell address: "Paris may have seen something like it in her revolutionary days, but the cities of America never did. Be proud that you have given them such an example."

Quite an excitement of a political nature existed in Ohio during the year 1863. Rosecrans' battle at Stone's river, December 31, 1862, although a victory, was a costly one, and did not greatly inspirit the people at home, where there seemed to be a field for the agitators of discontent and fault-finding, supported by those who were opposed to the emancipation proclamations of President Lincoln, the preliminary one issued September 22, 1862, and the final January 1, 1863. In Noble county there was a little rebellion, and a squad sent to arrest a deserter was met by an armed force that asked the U. S. officers to surrender and be paroled as prisoners of the Confederate army. Two companies of troops marched through the disaffected region and arrested a large number of citizens, a few of whom were punished by imprisonment and fine. But the political excitement was occasioned by the arrest of Clement L. Vallandigham, the leader in Ohio of the opposition to the administration, and his arrest, trial and subsequent banishment gave rise to more extended comment and excitement than any arrest that was made as a consequence of the president's suspending the writ of habeas corpus. The prominence of the person, the manner of the arrest, the startling singularity of the tribunal, and the hitherto unknown punishment, tended to awaken and sustain a state of intense feeling throughout the country. General Burnside, as commander of the Department of Ohio, on April 19, issued the following order:

"General Order No. 38.

Headquarters Department of the Ohio,

Cincinnati, April 13, 1863.

"The commanding general publishes for the information of all concerned:

"That hereafter all persons found within our lines who commit acts for the benefit of the enemies of our country will be tried as spies or traitors, and, if convicted, will suffer death. This order includes the following classes of persons:

"Carriers of secret mails. "Writers of letters sent by secret mails. "Secret recruiting officers within the lines.

"Persons who have entered into an agreement to pass our lines for the purpose of joining the enemy.

"Persons found concealed within our lines belonging to the service of the enemy; and in fact all persons found improperly within our lines who could give private information to the enemy.

"All persons within our lines who harbor, protect, conceal, feed, clothe, or in any way aid the enemies of our country.

"The habit of declaring sympathies for the enemy will no longer be tolerated in this department. Persons committing such offenses will be at once arrested, with a view to being tried as above stated or sent beyond our lines into the lines of their friends.

"It must be distinctly understood that treason, expressed or implied, will not be tolerated in this department.

"All officers and soldiers are strictly charged with the execution of this order.

By command of Major-General A. E. Burnside. Lewis Richmond, Assistant Adjutant-General."

Mr. Vallandigham commented upon the contents of this order in a speech delivered by him at Mount Vernon, Knox county, on May i, at which meeting some officers of the army were present in citizens' clothes. His remarks at this time led to an order for his arrest by the military authorities, and this was effected on the following Monday evening, May 4. The next day the Dayton Empire commented upon the arrest by saying: "The cowardly, scoundrelly Abolitionists of this town have at last succeeded in having Hon. C. L. Vallandigham kidnapped," and followed this up with invective against the Union party. The result was that the newspaper office was wrecked and burned by a mob, and several buildings were consumed before the flames could be extinguished. The county was put under marital law, but no other disturbance followed. Mr. Vallandigham issued an address from his confinement, declaring that he was a good Union man, and his enemies were "abolitionist disunionists and traitors." Oh the trial of Mr. Vallandigham it was shown that he had denounced the war as "wicked, cruel and unnecessary," waged not for the preservation of the Union, but for "the purpose of crushing out liberty," and that he had indulged in various inflammatory utterances about "Lincoln and his minions," and their "usurpations." He was defended before the court-martial by Messrs. George E. Pugh and George H. Pendleton, but there could be no denial of his violent utterances and he was found guilty and sentenced to close confinement until the end of the war, a punishment which President Lincoln commuted to banishment within the Confederate lines. By an application for writ of habeas corpus, the case was brought before Judge Leavitt, of the U. S. district court, and after elaborate arguments by Mr. Pugh and Dist. Atty. Aaron F. Perry, the writ was refused, the court holding that there had been no unwarranted exercise of the powers intrusted to the president of the United States as commander-in-chief of the army in time of war. There were many, however, who disagreed with the judge. Vallandigham soon after his banishment reached Canada.

After the Vallandigham episode, there was a serious resistance to the draft in Holmes county, and Governor Tod sent a body of troops against the insurgents, issued a proclamation warning the people at fault, and told General Mason to grant no quarter if they did not obey. A thousand armed men collected in a fortified camp to fight the Ohio troops, but, after a skirmish dispersed and peace and order were soon restored there without any loss of life.

The political campaign of 1863, in Ohio, was one of the most remarkable in the history of the state. Some leaders and a great part of the rank and file of the Democratic party, excluding, of course that large number who had from the first supported the war for the Union, were carried away by the theory that the war was being waged unnecessarily by the administration at Washington, when an honorable peace might be made. Aside from the theory of peace, remonstrances were made against General Burnside's order No. 38, which led to the arrest of Vallandigham. Judge Pugh, in his address to the state convention, said in reference to Vallandigham: "We will not talk of war. or peace, or rebellion, until our honored citizen has been restored to us. If you make that your platform you will be victorious. If not I counsel you to seek a home where liberty exists." The convention nominated Vallandigham for governor. This action was followed by a written appeal, addressed to President Lincoln, for the restoration of the banished leader to his home, and a remonstrance alleging that the arrest of Vallandigham was an insult to Ohio. Lincoln, in his answer, said among other things: "Your nominee for governor, in whose behalf you appeal, is known to you and to the world to declare against the use of an army to suppress the rebellion. Your own attitude, therefore, encourages desertion, resistance to the draft and the like, because it teaches those who incline to desert and escape the draft to believe it is your purpose to protect them, and to hope that you will become strong enough to do so." Lincoln adroitly proposed that the committee sign a statement that a war was in existence tending to destroy the national Union, that an army and navy were constitutional means of suppressing it, that none of them would do anything to impair the efficiency of the army and navy, or hinder enlistment, and that they would do all they could to maintain the soldiers. In that case the president would return Vallandigham to his home. But the campaign went on with Mr. Vallandigham in Canada, where he went from Wilmington, N. C., on a blockade runner, the Confederates refusing to keep him except as a prisoner. In Canada there were many other refugees who opposed the war and some secret agents of the Confederacy plotting for the release of prisoners. From Niagara Falls Vallandigham issued an address to the people of Ohio, declaring himself the champion of "free speech, a free press, peaceable assemblages of the people, and a free ballot."

But almost simultaneous with the Vallandigham convention, John Brough, remembered as a great Democratic leader in the days of Harrison and Jackson, founder of the Cincinnati Enquirer, the ablest of the Ohio auditors of state, made one of his powerful public addresses at Marietta, in support of the war, and E. D. Mansfield, in the Cincinnati Gazette, then proposed Brough for governor. The proposition found instant favor, and at the "Union Republican" convention, a week later, Brough was nominated by a small majority over those who supported the renomination of Tod. The platform upon which he appealed to the people was essentially this: "The war must go on with the utmost vigor, until the authority of the national government is reestablished, and the Old Flag floats again securely and triumphantly over every state and territory of the Union." At the ensuing election Brough was given a majority of over 60,000 at home and the soldier vote raised it to 101,o99, the greatest up to that time in the history of Ohio. There was hearty jollification throughout the state, for the victory was taken as an assurance of the progress of the war until the South should submit unconditionally and it should be forever settled that a secession of states was an offense against the law of the nation, a rebellion to be crushed by force of arms. While Ohio was filled with rejoicing over Gettysburg and Vicksburg, the word came on July 8 that the redoubtable raider, John Morgan, had reached the Ohio river and was about to enter Indiana. Governor Tod was among the first to recognize the danger, and while there was still time to secure insertion in the newspapers of Monday morning, he telegraphed to the press a proclamation, as follows:

"Columbus, July 12, 1863.

"To the Press of Cincinnati:
"Whereas, This state is in imminent danger of invasion by an armed force, now, therefore, to prevent the same, I, David Tod, governor of the State of Ohio, and commander-in-chief of the militia force thereof, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the constitution and laws of said state, do hereby call into active service that portion of the militia force which has been organized into companies within the counties of Hamilton, Butler, Montgomery, Clermont, Brown, Clinton, Warren, Greene, Fayette, Ross, Monroe, Washington, Morgan, Noble, Athens, Meigs, Scioto, Jackson, Adams, Vinton, Hocking, Lawrence, Pickaway, Franklin, Madison, Fairfield, Clark, Preble, Pike, Gallia, Highland and Perry. I do hereby further order all such forces residing within the counties of Hamilton, Butler and Clermont to report forthwith to Major-General A. E. Burnside at his headquarters in the city of Cincinnati, who is hereby authorized and required to cause said forces to be organized into battalions or regiments, and appoint all necessary officers therefor. And it is further ordered that all such forces residing in the counties of Montgomery, Warren, Clinton, Fayette, Ross, Highland and Boone, report forthwith to Colonel Neff, the military commander at Camp Dennison, who is hereby authorized to organize said forces into battalions or regiments and appoint, temporarily, officers therefor; it is further ordered that all of such forces residing in the counties of Franklin, Madison, Clark, Greene, Pickaway and Fairfield, report forthwith at Camp Chase, to Brigadier-General John S. Mason, who is hereby authorized to organize said forces into battalions or regiments, and appoint temporarily, officers therefor; it is further ordered that all of such forces residing in the counties of Washington, Monroe, Noble, Meigs, Morgan, Perry, Hocking and Athens, report forthwith to Colonel William R. Putnam at Camp Marietta, who is hereby authorized to organize said forces into battalions or regiments, and appoint, temporarily, officers therefor.

"David Tod, Governor."


On the next day Morgan and about 2,000 troopers were in Ohio near the suburbs of Cincinnati, tearing along at the rate of 50 miles a day, picking up fresh horses as they went, but not taking time to do serious mischief. Feinting toward Hamilton, Morgan boldly crossed the railroads running out of Cincinnati in the suburbs of the city, passing through Glendale and feeding his horses in sight of Camp Dennison. There was a slight skirmish there, and a Little Miami train was thrown from the track, but Morgan did not tarry and pushed on to find a crossing place into Kentucky, followed closely by General Hobson, while Gens. J. D. Cox, Samuel Sturgis and Jacob Ammen and Colonels Granville Moody and Stanley Matthews organized the militia about Cincinnati, and General Judah's troops were sent up the river to cut off the Confederate retreat. Of course, the utmost consternation prevailed among the people of the country that Morgan traversed. There was little danger to life, but the raiders indulged in the most unrestrained plundering. They seemed to want calico more than anything else, and every village store they passed had to contribute this commodity. Every man who could get a bolt, says General Basil Duke, the historian of Morgan's cavalry, tied it to his saddle belt, only to throw it away and get a fresh one at the first opportunity. One man carried a bird cage, with three canaries in it, for three days. Another slung seven skates around his neck, though it was intensely hot weather. They pillaged like boys robbing an orchard. Against these mirthful marauders 50,000 Ohio militia actually took the field, but not half of them ever got within 50 miles of Morgan.

On July 18, four days after leaving Camp Dennison, Morgan was at Pomeroy, where the militia annoyed him seriously, and when he reached Chester he gave his men a rest of an hour and a half that was just the margin between successful escape and disaster, so close was the pursuit. It was dark when he reached the ford at Buffington island (or Portland, Meigs county), where a little fort was held by 200 or 300 militia, who evacuated in the night while Morgan waited for light before attacking. On the

Page 337

Military Affairs in Ohio 337 morning of July 19, Hobson's cavalry, who had chased Morgan through three states, came down upon him pell-mell and Judah, with his gunboats, occupied the river. After a brisk fight, in which the Ohio men lost the gallant old patriot, Major Daniel McCook, father of two major-generals and three brigadier-generals, Morgan escaped with about 1,200 men, though over 700 surrendered, and the chase continued. Twenty miles above the island Morgan got about 300 more of his men across the Ohio river, when the gunboats compelled him to stop crossing his men and hasten on with the remainder. Striking for the Muskingum river, he was headed off by the militia under Colonel Runkle, and he turned toward Blennerhassett's island. Then, finding an unguarded crossing on the Muskingum above McConnelsville, he pushed toward the Ohio above Wheeling, but was again attacked July 26, by some Michigan cavalry, at Salineville, Columbiana county, where he lost 200 or 300 of his men and on the evening of the same day he surrendered what remained of his party to a small body of Kentucky cavalry. The non-combatants whose property had been taken in this famous raid were clamorous to have Morgan treated as a horse thief, and the dashing Kentuckian and some of his officers were immured in cells of the Ohio penitentiary, which was not used otherwise as a military prison. Morgan took his revenge for this treatment by making a daring and successful escape in the following November. This raid cost the state and individuals it was estimated, about $1,000,000. For the individual losses claims were made against the general government and a state commission in 1864 passed upon the claims of such losses and arrived at a total of a little over $575,000.

Statistics showed that Ohio, despite all the losses in battle, was nowhere near the point of exhaustion at the close of 1863. In fact, she had a reserve of something over 400,000 able-bodied men from which levies could be made for war, and actually had 30,000 more able-bodied men at home in the state in the fall of 1863 than she had in the fall of i860. The military force furnished by the state to the army up to December 31, 1863, was -one hundred and twenty-nine regiments of infantry, two companies of guards, eight companies of sharpshooters, twelve regiments of cavalry, two battalions of six months' cavalry, one regiment and twenty-six batteries of light artillery, and two regiments of heavy artillery—a total of 200,452 men. In addition to these, about 8,000 white and colored soldiers had been recruited in Ohio for other states.

Though the constitution of Ohio, as it then existed, tended to make the governor a figure-head, during the war the occupants of that office found abundant opportunity for action, and they were distinguished among the governors of the North for energy  and wisdom in their efforts to maintain the Union and support the men in the field. None was more active than the last of the three, John Brough. He began his administration in 1864 by persuading the legislature to levy a tax of two mills on the dollar, to which county commissioners might add one mill, and city councils a half mill, for the support of soldiers' families, and he watched the enforcement of the law with an eagle eye, promptly exposing those recreant county and township officials, for there were some, who tried to divert the tax into the road or other funds. He also built up the state agency for the relief of soldiers in the field, pushing the work ahead regardless of all conflict with the Sanitary commissions. "He kept a watchful eye upon all the hospitals where any considerable numbers of Ohio troops were congregated. The least abuse of which he heard was made matter of instant complaint. If the surgeon in charge neglected it, he appealed forthwith to the medical director. If this officer made the slightest delay in administering the proper correction, he went straight to the surgeon-general. Such, from the outset, was the weight of his influence with the secretary of war that no officer about that department dared stand in the way of Brough's denunciation. It was known that the honesty and judgment of his statements were not to be impugned, and that his persistence in hunting down offenders was remorseless." (Reid's Ohio in the War.)

During the year 1864 the Federal government called upon Ohio for troops to be furnished within that period as follows: February 1, 1864, 51,465; March 14, 1864, 20,598; July 18, 1864, 50,797; total, 122,857.

By a revision of the credits this quota was reduced to 102,653. The method already adopted was used in raising these troops. First, bounties were offered until as much as $1,000 was paid to get a recruit up to the mustering officer and as much more to get him to the front. To fill deficiencies under the first two calls, a draft was ordered in May, which produced 7,711 men; of whom 6,290 paid commutation amounting to $1,887,000, and the remainder 1,421, went into the service in person or by substitutes of their own procuring. For the same purpose a draft was ordered under the last call, commencing in September. These facts do not have a patriotic ring, but such was the record, and no state did better than Ohio, for she supplied the government with all the men called for, and more too, on December 1, the excess amounting to 2,984 men. Eleven new regiments were organized in 1864, running the numbers up to 183 of infantry, and old regiments were recruited. In April the governor tendered to the Federal government the service of 30,000 militia for 100 days, and on his suggestion a meeting of western governors was held at Washington, when Brough, Morton of Indiana, Yates of Illinois, and Stone of Iowa, together offered President Lincoln 85,000 militia for the purpose of holding the frontier and lines of communication, so that the experienced troops could be released to take part in a united effort to crush the rebellion. The reasons which induced this offer were thus stated by Governor Brough:

"The policy of this movement did not admit of doubt or hesitancy. The summer campaigns were about to open in Virginia and Tennessee. Both of them must necessarily operate upon continually lengthening lines of communication, requiring large forces to protect them. At the same time it was necessary that the Virginia army should cover and protect the national capital, and that of Tennessee hold safe the border. In previous campaigns we had suffered from this species of depletion to an extent that seriously impaired the value of our successes. At the time of considering this proposition a large body of hardy and veteran troops were engaged in garrison duty, and guarding lines of communication, which could be as well done by less experienced men. To relieve these, and throw them forward, was to give to each of our operating armies a large reserve force. The time before the opening of the campaigns was too short to admit of a call, with its attendant of a draft, even if the legislation of Congress, not then completed, had admitted of such a measure. The policy was, therefore, apparent, of supporting our active armies by the militia, until legislation could be perfected, and an additional call be made.

"The states of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, had another manifest interest in this movement. In order to save our southern borders from incursions and raids, it was evidently sound policy to so strengthen our main armies as to furnish full employment for the rebel forces in their own territory. In this particular the result fully justified the wisdom of the movement. But one raid was attempted during the season, and that was checked and overwhelmed in Kentucky before reaching the Ohio river."

The offer was at once accepted by the Federal government and 30,000 were immediately called for from Ohio, the work of organizing them falling upon Adjt.-General B. R. Cowen. People doubted if the militia would respond and on the day set (May 2) a cold, heavy rain fell, that seemed a gloomy token of failure. But at night came the thrilling news that 38,000 were in camp for duty at various towns and cities of the state. The government at Washington was amazed, and was not ready with mustering officers, so that the movement of the men was delayed. Governor Brough asked that he might send more than 30,000 and Stanton accepted all he could raise, to fill up the deficiencies of other states, saying: "They may decide the war." From Ohio's offering were organized for the 100 day's service forty-one regiments and one battalion, with an aggregate strength of 35,982 men. Of these, one regiment and the battalion were reserved at Johnson's island, one regiment at Camp Chase, one at Gallipolis and two at Camp Dennison. The remaining thirty-six regiments, embracing an aggregate strength of 31,051 men, were sent out of the state into Virginia, Maryland, and the District of Columbia. Six went to the front under General Benjamin F. Butler; two were in the battle of Monocacy, where they suffered a loss of 4 killed, 7 wounded, and a number of prisoners; one was stationed at Martinsburg, Virginia, where it suffered a loss by capture of over 200; one regiment was with General Hunter in his severe march to Lynchburg and back, reporting the loss of only 1 man; other regiments were stationed at Baltimore and Washington, and saw active service in the raid upon the latter city in July, 1864; three of the regiments went into Kentucky to meet Morgan's last raid and at Cynthiana lost heavily in killed, wounded and captured. The war was not ended when their term of service expired, but they did much to "decide the war," for Grant needed all the veterans they released from guard and other duties for his campaign in Virginia.

In the army that moved across the Rapidan commencing May, 4, 1864, under the command of General Grant, there were a comparatively small number of Ohio regiments, the great mass of Ohio soldiers at the front being at that time in North Georgia, for the campaign to Atlanta. In all Ohio contributed eighty-six regiments and sixteen batteries to this magnificent army, that maneuvered and fought under General Sherman for a hundred days from Dalton to Jonesboro and occupied Atlanta in the early days of September. Thousands of these Ohio soldiers were numbered among the killed and wounded in the battles of Resaca, New Hope, Kenesaw mountain, Peachtree creek, Atlanta and Jonesboro, and the innumerable skirmishes of the Atlanta campaign. When Sherman marched to the sea he took with him forty Ohio infantry regiments, three of cavalry and two of the Ohio batteries. Over thirty Ohio regiments were left behind in Georgia and Tennessee under General George H. Thomas, when Sherman marched from Atlanta, and they shared in the bloody victory of Franklin and the rout of Hood's army before Nashville.

In the midst of the presidential campaign of 1864, and while a draft was impending, discovery was made of a secret organization, akin to the "Knights of the Golden Circle," opposed to the war and the enlistment of troops. The adjutant-general estimated that it embraced from 80,000 to 100,000 members in Ohio. But no serious trouble resulted. There were rumors also of expeditions from Canada to release Confederate prisoners, of whom there were large numbers held at Camp Chase, near Columbus, on Johnson's island, and at Camp Douglas, Chicago. An attempt was actually made in September against Johnson's island (principally a place for the detention of Confederate captured officers) by John Yates Beall, of Virginia, who, with a few comrades, seized the steamer Philo Parsons, at Sandwich, captured and scuttled the steamer Island Queen, and cruised about Sandusky bay, awaiting a signal from another conspirator to make an attack on the war boat Michigan. But the attempt failed, the Parsons was scuttled on the Canada shore, Beall was captured later and being accused of attempting to wreck an express train, was hanged at Governor's island, New York. Other attempts to release Confederate prisoners from Northern prison camps were planned, but all failed.

On October 27, great excitement was created at Cleveland by rumors of a raid by Confederates from Canada. The civil, military and United States authorities made great preparations to receive the raiders. It was feared that the purpose was to interfere with the presidential election, which was to be held in a few days, and General Joseph Hooker, then in command of the department, issued the following order:

"Headquarters Northern Department,

"Cincinnati, October 27, 1864.

"Circular.

"The commander of this department has received information that it is the intention of a large body of men on the northern frontier, on each side of the line, open on one side, and in disguise on the other, to so organize at the ensuing national election as to interfere with the integrity of the election, and when in their power to cast illegal votes; in fact, in any way interfere with the honest expressions of the electors.

"In view of the foregoing facts, it is made the duty of all officers of the government, both civil and military, as well as loyal citizens, to guard well the integrity of the ballot-box.

"All military officers, including provost marshals and their assistants, will be held to a strict accountability for the adoption of such measures within their districts or commands, as will not only prevent illegal voting, but to arrest and bring to justice all who attempt such voting, or endeavor to prevent the honest exercise of the elective franchise.

"The citizens and civil authorities of the towns and cities on the northern frontier are particularly requested to give any information they may have, or may from time to time receive, to the provost marshals or military authorities, whose duty it is to inform the nearest provost marshal general or other military authority, and to take measures to arrest and confine any and all connected with such organizations. The late raid on the lakes and in New England are ample evidence that neither life nor property are safe.

"All provost marshals and assistants, and all military commanders, will take measures to obtain and report at once any information that may lead to the prevention of this interference with the rights of the people, or aid in the arrest and punishment of the offenders; they from time to time will report by telegraph any new facts.

"Local authorities will receive all the aid within the control of the military commander.

"By command of Major-General Hooker. (Official:)

"C. H. Potter, Ass't Adj't General"

But the fears proved to be largely unfounded, and the presidential election in Ohio passed off very quietly, resulting in the giving to Mr. Lincoln a majority of 59,418, including the vote of the soldiers in the field.

The year 1865 opened with Sherman marching northward from Savannah to crush the united remnants of the Confederate armies that had held Atlanta and Charleston, and with Grant and Sheridan waiting for passable roads to compel the surrender of Richmond. On April 9, the telegraphic news of the surrender of Lee was received with the wildest rejoicing in Ohio, but a little later—April 14—the state was plunged in mourning by the horrifying news that President Lincoln had been assassinated. In the sad journey of the martyred president's body to Illinois, a stop was made at Cleveland, where the coffin was placed under an open temple and viewed by thousands. At Columbus the body lay for a day in the rotunda of the capitol, upon a mound of flowers, while the walls about were hung with the tattered battleflags of Ohio regiments. The streets were draped in mourning, minute guns sounded through the day, and the people crowded in tearful silence about the body of the great leader of the Union.

After the grand reviews at Washington—May 23 and June 8, 1865—the Ohio troops with Grant and Sherman in large part were mustered out and returned to their homes in June and July, and the men with Thomas and other commanders in like manner came home, all being received with the highest manifestations of honor and approbation. But it was some time before all returned, for fifteen reorganized Ohio regiments assembled in Texas to expedite the departure of the French army from Mexico, and other Ohio troops were kept on garrison duty through-out the South. But before the close of the year all but eight of the Ohio regiments had ceased to be, and the soldiers were again quietly engaged in the peaceful pursuits of civil life. The last of Ohio's volunteer army, the 25th infantry, 11th cavalry and Battery B, 1st artillery, were mustered out in June and July, 1866.

It would be impossible to make an exact estimate of the number of men who entered the national army from Ohio during the war for the preservation of the Union. Those embraced in regimental and company organizations of the state can, of course, be enumerated, and, with some degree of accuracy, followed to the time of their death, discharge, or final muster out. The summaries compiled by the adjutant-general of the state show that Ohio furnished troops under the various calls as follows: Call of April 15, 1861, for 75,000—12,357; July 22, 1861, for 500,000—84,116; July 2, 1862, for 300,000—58,325; June 15, 1863, for militia—2,736; October 17, 1863, for 500,000—32,837; March 14, 1864, for 200,000—29,931; April 22, 1864, for militia —36,254; July 18, 1864, for 500,000—30,823; December 19, 1864, for 300,000—23,275; grand total, 310,654.

These were 4,000 more than the state was allotted as her share, and reduced to department standard they represent quite 240,000 three-year soldiers. The total list of Ohio organizations includes 231 regiments, 26 independent batteries, 5 independent companies of cavalry, several corps of sharpshooters, large parts of five West Virginia regiments, two Kentucky regiments, two of United States colored troops, and a large proportion of two Massachusetts colored regiments. Besides, the state gave nearly 3,500 men to the gunboat service on western waters and there were many enlistments in the U. S. navy. According to Reid's summary, Ohio contributed one third of a million men to the war. But, "from the best prepared statistics of the provost marshal-general and adjutant-general of the U. S. A. and the adjutant-general of Ohio, excluding reenlistments, 'squirrel-hunters' and militia, and including a low estimate for regular enlistments in the army and navy not credited to Ohio, it is found that Ohio furnished of her citizens 340,000 men of all arms of the service for war; reduced to a department standard, they represent 240,000 three-years soldiers." (Address by General J. Warren Keifer, at Newark, 1878.) The regimental organizations were divided as follows: 26 regiments of infantry for three months, 43 regiments of infantry for 100 days, 2 regiments of infantry for six months, 27 regiments of infantry for one year, 117 regiments of infantry for three years, 13 regiments of cavalry for three years, 3 regiments of artillery for three years.

To these should be added the independent batteries of artillery and companies of cavalry and sharpshooters, the enlistments in Kentucky and West Virginia regiments, and the colored organizations of other states above mentioned.

Out of her troops who went upon the field, 11,237 were killed or mortally wounded (of which 6,563 died where they fell) and 13,354 died of disease. Out of every thousand, on an average, 37 were killed or mortally wounded, 47 died in hospital, 79 were honorably discharged for disability, and 44 were marked as deserters. But such an average, like most averages, is deceptive. The item of desertions is hardly applicable to the regiments that went to the front, and, while some regiments suffered scarcely any loss in battle, others were nearly destroyed. A brief dipping into the military records will illustrate. The 1st regiment lost 527 killed and wounded in 24 battles; the 2nd 537. The 3d went on Streight's raid into Georgia and were all killed, wounded or captured and confined in prison pens where many died. The 7th, out of 1,800 enlisted from time to time, returned home with but 240 able-bodied men. Similar figures might be given of other regiments. "The total losses in battle of all kinds in both the American and British armies in the seven years' war of the Revolution, excluding only the captured at Saratoga and Yorktown, is 21,526. This number falls 4,000 below Ohio's dead list alone during the late war. * * * The loss of Ohio officers is known to have reached 872, nearly ten per cent, of the grand total of officers." (General Keifer.)

The total war expenses of the state government, beginning with $1,500,000 in 1861 and ending with over $500,000 in 1865, was $4,741,373, to which should be added the fund for relief of soldiers and their families, which rose from $500,000 in 1862 to $2,000,000 in 1865, and aggregated $5,618,864. Besides the total of these two items, over $10,000,000, more than $52,000,000 were paid as local bounties to soldiers, and over $2,000,000 in bounties of $100 each to 20,708 veterans in 1864. Furthermore, Ohio paid $1,332,o25 in direct national tax for the support of the war, a sum that was refunded in later years. The grand total of Ohio's war expenditure is given at nearly $65,000,000.

This enormous total does not, of course, represent all the pecuniary sacrifice of the state or of her people. Notable among the other contributions were those made through the agency of the Sanitary commission. The Cincinnati branch, laboring efficiently all through the four years for the relief of Ohio soldiers, devoted large amounts of money to the cause and forwarded vast stores of clothing and supplies donated from all parts of the state. It established a soldiers' home in 1862, a soldiers' cemetery at Spring Grove, and under its auspices was held the Great Western Sanitary Fair at Cincinnati, that yielded the commission over $250,000. Outside of Cincinnati the principal association was the Soldiers' aid society of Cleveland, the first general organization in the United States for such a purpose, which disbursed in money and goods and food much more than $i,000,000,established a home, and also held a fair that brought in $78,000. The Columbus society, active in the same sort of work, established a soldiers' home in 1862. In every part of the state, these greater efforts were rivalled, according to the ability of smaller communities, and the work was without compensation or hope of reward. Everywhere the women gathered to scrape lint for bandages, and make up boxes of clothing and dainties for the brave men in camp or hospital. And it may be said further, that among these quiet workers there were very few who were not earnest supporters of the war to the bitter end. They labored to hold the people true to the cause of establishing and perpetuating a national America, with no more compromises for its betrayal. The angelic work of Misses Mary Clark Braton and Ellen F. Terry in organizing and conducting the Sanitary commission at Cleveland on a scale coequal with the war, rightfully classes each of them with Florence Nightingale of the Crimean war.

Men of Ohio birth—Grant, Rosecrans, Buell, McDowell, Sherman, Sheridan, McPherson, Crook—commanded armies with, on the whole, more success than the generals of any and all other states. Indeed, if we may include McClellan, who, it may be said, was presented to the nation by Ohio, the greater Union armies were, the greater part of the time, under the leadership of Ohio men. The most successful of these were the sons of Ohio pioneers and were reared in log cabins or humble village homes, in the western atmosphere of equality and fearlessness.

Gens. Rutherford B. Hayes and James A. Garfield, and Bvt. Major William McKinley, each became president of the United States. Garfield and McKinley with the immortal Lincoln— what a galaxy of greatness—constitute the Republic's martyred presidents.

Grant, Sherman and Sheridan are the only men who have held the rank of general in the U. S. A. since Washington.

Ohio furnished in the Civil war 20 major-generals, 27 major-generals by brevet, 30 brigadier-generals, and 150 brevet brigadier-generals—229 general officers in all.

An appended list (see Appendix) of these officers (prepared mainly by General John Beatty of Ohio) is not complete as to all grades of general officers. It omits Gens. Eli Long, Charles G. Harker, Samuel S. Carroll and others (not born in Ohio) but who each commanded an Ohio organization before promotion, and the list does not include many others, Ohio born, who became generals in that war from other states, notably Halbert E. Paine (Wis.). Benjamin Harrison (Ind., since president of the United States) and Robert M. Mitchell (Kan.).

Among the naval officers particularly distinguished for patriotism was Henry Walke, of Virginia birth, who had been reared and educated at Chillicothe. He was unfaltering in upholding the honor of the flag at Pensacola, aided in saving Fort Pickens to the nation, and on the Mississippi river from the fall of 1861 to the fall of 1863 had a conspicuous part in all the naval fighting, as the commander of the famous Carondelet. Afterward he chased the Confederate cruisers on the Atlantic, and his service was rewarded by promotion to commodore in 1866, and to rear-admiral in 1870. Among the naval officers on the Atlantic coast, commanding a monitor in the attacks on Fort Sumter and other Confederate strongholds, was Daniel Ammen, a brother of General Jacob Ammen, and a native of Brown county, Ohio; James Findlay Schenck, a brother of General Robert C. Schenck, was made a commodore in 1863, and took an important part in the attack upon Fort Fisher. Reed Worden, S. C. Rowan and Roger M. Stembel who became admirals in the navy were from Ohio and each performed great service in the Civil war.

Not only did Ohio furnish great commanders but she gave the nation great statesmen, like Chase, whose administration of the treasury department was one of the memorable features of that period—not perfect according to some critics, but on the whole as good as human imperfection would permit; Stanton, secretary of war—stern, tireless, single in purpose—who will always be conspicuous among the heroes of the most dramatic era of American history; Benjamin F. Wade, the bold and unhesitating leader of the war party in the senate; John Sherman, wise, calm, deliberate—a power in steadying the ship of state; John A. Bingham, a famous leader, and Schenck and Garfield, who were both statesmen and soldiers. Samuel Shellabarger, member of Congress from Ohio, was distinguished for bringing into requisition his great legal learning in high statesmanship.

Among the newspaper men of the Union, Edwin Cowles, of Cleveland, a native of Ashtabula county, and Murat Halstead, born in Butler county, were inferior to none in ability or devotion to the government. Whitelaw Reid, the Xenia editor, became war correspondent of the New York Tribune, and upon his observations many thousands based their hopes of success. The potent weapon of ridicule was turned so strongly against the opponents of the war by David Ross Locke in the Toledo Blade, that it was soberly declared in a speech at Cooper institute, New York, that three things saved the Union, "the army, the navy, and the letters of 'Petroleum V. Nasby.'"

Again, if songs are more important than laws, as was believed in ancient times, Ohio was eminent in that field also. In the trenches of the Crimea, it is said, the English all sang "Annie Laurie." In the Union army they sang "Lorena," written by a young Zanesville preacher. Soldiers of many states, when they thought of home, hummed the plaintive lines of "Rain upon the Roof," by Coates Kinney, of Xenia. Nor was there lack of poets to express the patriotic sentiment of the people. In the latter days of the war nothing cheered the people more strongly to the final and supreme effort than the "Sheridan's Ride," of Thomas Buchanan Read.

It is wholly impracticable of course to mention by name the private soldiers of Ohio who rendered faithful service to the country, or to make special reference to those even who were killed in battle and interred in battlefield-graves on the scenes of their bloody conflicts where they fought and fell. "There are none so obtuse, however, as not to know that in patriotism and courage, and frequently in education, wealth and natural capacity, the private soldier of the Union army was the full equal of those under whom he served, and to whose orders he gave prompt and unquestioning obedience. In war, as in politics, all cannot be leaders, and often in both spheres the selfish and incompetent push clamorously to the front, while men of superior merit stand modestly back, content to accept any place in a good work to which accident may assign them." (General John Beatty in Howe's Historical Collections of Ohio.)

While those who bore the brunt and burden of the conflict are, as has been suggested, too numerous to receive special personal recognition, those who survive and the friends of the dead and the living may find pleasure in reviewing the history of the Ohio organizations here given, the brilliant achievements of which were made possible by the courage, loyalty and heroism of the well led private soldiers.

The abridged sketch of Ohio in the war for the preservation of the Union of Washington, and for the perpetuity of constitutional liberty in America's Republic, and in the world, is concluded by a brief summary tribute to the service of her soldiers in that war.


THE SERVICE OF OHIO SOLD1ERS.

They fought and bled on every great battle-field of the war, from Big Bethel (June 10, 1861), the first, to Blakely at Mobile (April 9, 1865), the last battle of the war.

Ohio soldiers followed Thomas to victory at Mill Springs, and Garfield, of Ohio, at Prestonburg, Kentucky, in January, 1862. Ohio soldiers formed a large part of the army that stormed the works and captured Fort Donelson, where, under Grant, a son of Ohio, the eagles of the Union soared first to victory on the grander theatre of war. They fought at Island No. 10, at Shiloh, Corinth, Iuka and Perryville. Her soldiers bore a large share in the deadly conflicts at Stone's river, and Chickamauga, under Rosecrans, another of Ohio's great and patriotic generals.

They were of the grand army under Grant, Sherman and McPherson—what a trio of Ohio generals!—which swung around to the south of Vicksburg, and fought and won the battles of Champion's hill, Jackson and Big Black river, and joined in the siege and capture of Vicksburg.

They fought at Arkansas Post, Port Hudson and Grand Gulf. They also manned gunboats under Adm. Porter, which, with the aid of the army, opened the "Father of Waters" to the Gulf.

During the war they campaigned against the Indians in the far West. They were with Hooker, and thundered down "the defiance of the skies" from above the clouds at Lookout mountain.

They were under the eagle eye of Thomas at Chickamauga, and in scaling the heights and seizing the redoubts on Missionary ridge.

They formed a great part of each of the grand divisions of that triune army in which solid "Old Pap Thomas" led the center, McPherson (of Ohio) the right and Schofield the left; the whole under "Old Tecumseh Sherman," who is neither last nor least of Ohio's great generals. Under his directing eye that army blazed a pathway almost through mountains, forced the passage of streams, overcame natural and artificial defences, and a great army, well commanded; fought battles daily for weeks, with more regularity than they partook of their daily bread; stormed the fortified heights of Resaca, and Kennesaw mountain; assaulted the works at Ruff's mills, where the gallant General Edward F. Noyes (since governor of Ohio and minister to France), lost a leg; also the fortifications at Jonesboro and Atlanta, and, after capturing the latter place and leaving behind a considerable detachment, swept off eastward to Savannah and the Sea, thence northward through the Carolinas to the Old Dominion, tearing out the vitals of the Confederacy, striking terror to the enemy and carrying the flag to victory.

They were present at the captures of Nashville, Memphis, New Orleans and Richmond. The Ohio soldiers fought and triumphed at Franklin, under Cox and Stanley, both of Ohio, and at Nashville, under Thomas.

Ohio "boys in blue" fought at Pea ridge, and assaulted at Forts Wagner and Fisher; they also, under General Wm. B. Hazen, of Ohio, stormed Fort McAllister, on the Atlantic coast.

They fought at Rich mountain, Bull Run, Cheat mountain, Port Republic, at Fair Oaks, Malvern hill, Cedar mountain, Groveton and Manassas, South mountain and Antietam, Winchester (under Milroy and others), Fredericksburg, under Burnside; Chancellorsville, under Hooker, and Gettysburg, under Meade; also at Mine Run. They were of the Army of the Potomac in that "all summer" campaign of 1864, in which an almost continuous battle raged from the Rapidan to Petersburg. They bled and died at Wilderness, Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor. They constituted, throughout the war, a part of the body-guard of the capitol. They were under that other son of Ohio, General Sheridan, at Opequan and Fisher's hill, in the Shenandoah Valley, in the former of which General Crook (an Ohio man), with Hayes of Ohio (since president of the United States), at the head of the Kanawha division, hurled, like an avalanche, the Army of West Virginia upon Breckenridge's forces, overthrew the left wing of Early's army and insured its defeat and rout.

They were with Sheridan, too, at the bloody battle of Cedar creek, where he rode from Winchester, "twenty miles away," to the music of the cannon's roar and, at the end of the day, achieved a victory, which, for completeness, is without a parallel among the important field-engagements of the war, if in the annals of history.

The battle of Marengo, in Italy, in some degree affords a parallel to the battle of Cedar creek in its dual character— practically two battles in one day—and also in the complete overthrow and almost total annihilation of the army, victorious in the onset of the battle. In other respects the two battles were dissimilar. Napoleon won the battle of Marengo by the opportune arrival on the field of Desaix, the hero of the battle of the Pyramids, with six thousand fresh troops. The battle of Cedar creek was won by the timely arrival of Sheridan, without troops.

Ohio's soldiers were in the sieges of Petersburg and Richmond; also of Charleston, S. C., under Gillmore, another of her heroes. They defended Knoxville, under Burnside. They rushed to glory over the ramparts at Petersburg. They bared their breasts to the storm at Five Forks (under Sheridan and Custer of Ohio), and at Sailors' creek, under the same and other officers of Ohio.

They were in at the crowning success, and witnessed the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, under Lee, at Appomattox, to General Grant. They were with Sherman at Bentonville, and in the redemption of North Carolina, and the capture of that other great Confederate army, under General Joseph E. Johnston.

Her generals and soldiers held posts of honor, when they were posts of responsibility and danger. Many of the scenes of conflict where Ohio's sons fought and fell are nameless, and they are almost numberless. They were in every place of danger and duty, where blood flowed and battle-flags were unfurled. They marched, bivouacked, fought and died along the shores of the Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, on the Rio Grande, the Mississippi, the Cumberland and Tennessee. They, as sailors and marines, were under Dahlgren, DuPont, Porter, Foote and Farragut, and with them also, on the rivers, the gulf and the sea, won glory and renown, and paid the debt of patriotism and valor.

Ohio blood was poured out wherever sacrifices were required. They were neither sectional in their opinions or their duty. Believing in one flag and one country, they fought side by side with men of all sections and of all extractions, and for the preservation of the God-granted and natural boon of liberty and equality. They were component parts of each of the grand Union armies which contended upon the thirty-one principal battle-fields of the war. They were generally present at each of the 2,731 battles, affairs or skirmishes of the war. Their trials, sufferings and dangers were not confined to the combats of the contending hosts.


APPENDIX.

OHIO GENERAL OFFICERS, WITH STATE AND DATE OF BIRTH.

(The * indicates a graduate of West Point; the † that the officer was major-general by brevet, usually for some special gallantry on the battle-field.)

GENERALS.

*Ulysses S. Grant, born at Point Pleasant, Ohio, April 27, 1822.
*William T. Sherman, born at Lancaster, Ohio, February 8, 1820.
*Philip H. Sheridan, born at Albany, N. Y., March 6, 1831.

MAJOR-GENERALS.

*Don Carlos Buell, born at Lowell, March 23, 1818.
*George Crook, Montgomery county, September 8, 1828.
*George A. Custer, Harrison county, December 5, 1839.
*Quincy A. Gillmore, Lorain county, February 28, 1825.
James A. Garfield, Cuyahoga county, November 19, 1831.
*James B. McPherson, Clyde, November 14, 1828.
*Irvin McDowell, Columbus, October 15, 1818.
*Alex. McD. McCook, Columbiana county, April 22, 1831.
*William S. Rosecrans, Delaware county, September 6, 1819. 
*David S. Stanley, Wayne county, June 1, 1828.
Robert C. Schenck, Warren county, October 4, 1809.
Wager Swayne, Columbus, November 10, 1834.
*Godfrey Weitzel, Cincinnati, November 1, 1835.

MAJOR-GENERALS, RESIDENT IN OHIO BUT BORN ELSEWHERE.

Jacob D. Cox, born in New York, October 27, 1828.
*William B. Hazen, Vermont, September 27, 1830.
Mortimer D. Leggett, New York, April 19, 1831. 
*George B. McClellan, Pennsylvania, December 3, 1826.
*O. M. Mitchel, Kentucky, August 28, 1810.
James B. Steedman, Pennsylvania, July 30, 1818.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS OF OHIO BIRTH.

*William T. H. Brooks, born at New Lisbon, January 28, 1821.
*William W. Burns, Coshocton, September 3, 1825.
†Henry B. Banning, Knox county, November 10, 1834.
*C. P. Buckingham, Zanesville, March 14, 1808.
John Beatty, Sandusky, December 16, 1828.
Joel A. Dewey, Ashtabula, September 20, 1840.
†Thomas H. Ewing, Lancaster, August 7, 1829.
†Hugh B. Ewing, Lancaster, October 31, 1826.
*James W. Forsyth, Ohio, August 26, 1836.
†*Robert S. Granger, Zanesville, May 24, 1816.
†*Kenner Garrard, Cincinnati, 1830.
†*Charles Griffin, Licking county, 1826.
†Rutherford B. Hayes, Delaware, October 14, 1822.
†Warren Keifer, Clark county, January 30, 1836.
William H. Lytle, Cincinnati, November 2, 1826.
*John S. Mason, Steubenville, August 21, 1824.
Robert L. McCook, New Lisbon, December 28, 1827.
Daniel McCook, Carrollton, July 22, 1834.
John G. Mitchell, Piqua, November 6, 1838.
Nathaniel C. McLean, Warren county, February 2, 1815.
†Emerson Opdycke, Trumbull county, January 7, 1830.
Benjamin F. Potts, Carroll county, January 29, 1836.
A. Sanders Piatt, Cincinnati, May 2, 1821.
†James S. Robinson, Mansfield, October 11, 1828.
†Benjamin P. Runkle, West Liberty, September 3, 1836.
J. W. Reilly, Akron, May 21, 1828.
*William Sooy Smith, Pickaway county, July 22, 1830.
*Joshua Sill, Chillicothe, Dec, 6, 1831.
John P. Slough, Cincinnati, 1829.
Ferdinand Van Derveer, Butler county, February 27, 1823.
†*Charles R. Woods, Licking county.
†Williard Warner, Granville, September 4, 1826.
†William B. Woods, Licking county.
†Charles C. Walcutt, Columbus, February 12, 1838.
M. S. Wade, Cincinnati, December 2, 1802.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS, RESIDENT IN OHIO BUT BORN ELSEWHERE.

*Jacob Ammen, born in Virginia, January 7, 1808.
†Samuel Beatty, Pennsylvania, September 16, 1820.
†*B. W. Brice, Virginia, 1809.
Ralph B. Buckland, Massachusetts, January 20, 1812. H. B.
Carrington, Connecticut, March 2, 1824.
George P. Este, New Hampshire, April 30, 1830.
†Manning F. Force, Washington, D. C, December 17, 1824.
†John W. Fuller, England, July, 1827.
†Charles W. Hill, Vermont.
†August V. Kautz, Germany, January 5, 1828.
George W. Morgan, Pennsylvania.
William H. Powell, South Wales, May 10, 1825.
*E. P. Scammon, Maine, December 27, 1816.
Thomas Kilby Smith, Massachusetts, 1821.
†John W. Sprague, New York, April 4, 1827.
†Erastus B. Tyler, New York. .
†*John C. Tibbal, Virginia.
†August Willich, Prussia, 1810.


RECORD OF OHIO REGIMENTS

First Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Alexander McD. McCook; Lieutenant-Colonel, Edwin A. Parrot; Major, John G. Hughes. This regiment was organized at Columbus, April 18, 1861, in response to the call of the president, dated April 15, for volunteers to serve "three months." It was composed of companies from different parts of the state as follows: Co. A, Lancaster Guards; B, Lafayette Guards; C, Dayton Light Guards; D, Montgomery Guards of Dayton; E, Cleveland Grays, and F, Hibernian Guards of Cleveland; G, Portsmouth Guards; H, Zanesville Guards; I, Mansfield Guards, and K, Jackson Guards of Hamilton. Most of these were prominent militia organizations of the state. The regiment was ordered to Washington, D. C., at once and left Columbus on the morning of April 19, 1861. It was mustered into service April 29, 1861, at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and on its arrival at Washington early in May was assigned to General Schenck's brigade of General Tyler's division. It was actively engaged in the battle of Vienna, Virginia, with a loss of 9 killed and 2 wounded, and in the first battle of Bull Run, with a loss of 3 killed, 2 wounded and 2 missing. The regiment was mustered out on expiration of term of service from August 1 to 16, 1861.

First Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Benjamin F. Smith, Edwin A. Parrot; Lieutenant-Colonel, E. Bassett Langdon; Major, Joab A. Stafford. This regiment was organized at Dayton, from August 5 to October 30, 1861, to serve for three years. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out on Sept . 24, 1864, and the veterans and recruits were transferred to the 18th veteran Ohio infantry, October 31, 1864. The regiment began its battles at Shiloh and closed its career in front of Atlanta. After its first engagement it participated in the tedious movement on Corinth, having occasional skirmishes. On May 27, six companies of the regiment had a brisk fight at Bridge creek. In company with General Buell's army it made the arduous march into Kentucky, and at Dog Walk, a brisk fight was had with the enemy, in which the 1st Ohio took a prominent part, with the loss of 8 or 10 men. At the battle of Stone's river the 1st was actively engaged from daylight until the field was won. At Chickamauga its position was in the front line on the right of the 3d brigade of the 2nd division, 20th corps, and participated in the charge which recaptured the ground from which General Baird had been driven earlier in the day. Early on the following morning rude breastworks were thrown up in front of the Federal lines, and the 1st occupied the second line of intrenchments. _ Throughout the day it was actively engaged and the loss of the regiment in these two days' fighting was 120 killed and wounded. Three days later at Orchard knob the 1st with the 23d Kentucky, charged on the enemy, capturing his rifle-pits and 150 prisoners, and the Confederates were driven into their intrenchments at the foot of Missionary ridge. At the battle of Missionary ridge the regiment was on the right of its brigade and division and mounted the steep, rugged sides of the hill with an energy almost superhuman. It was with Sherman's forces on the Atlanta campaign, closing its fighting career at the crossing of Chattahoochee river on July 6, 1864.

Second Infantry.—(Three Months Service.) Colonel, Lewis Wilson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Rodney Mason; Major, Augustus C. Parry This regiment was organized at Columbus, April 18, 1861, in response to the call of the president for volunteers to serve for three months. It was composed of companies enrolled from different parts of the state as follows: Co. A, Rover Guards; D, Zouave Guards, and E, Lafayette Guards, of Cincinnati; B, Columbus Videttes; C, Columbus Fencibles; F, Springfield Zouaves; G and K, from Pickaway county; H, from Steubenville; I, Covington Blues, of Miami county. Most of these were former militia organizations of the state. The regiment was ordered to Washington at once and left Columbus on the morning of April 19, 1861, but was delayed on its way several days. It was mustered into service April 29, 1861, at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and on its arrival in Washington early in May was assigned to General Schenck's brigade of General Tyler's division, then a part of the force in defense of the capital. It was engaged in the first battle of Bull Run, Virginia, losing 2 men killed, 4 wounded, 8 captured and 1 missing. The regiment was mustered out on expiration of term of service, July 31, 1861.

Second Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Leonard A. Harris, Anson G. McCook; Lieutenant-Colonels, John Kell, Obediah C. Maxwell; Major, William T. Beatty. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, from July 17 to September 20, 1861, to serve for three years. It immediately crossed the Ohio river and moved by the way of Paris and Mount Sterling, to Olympian Springs in eastern Kentucky. On Oct . 22, it made a forced night march of nearly 30 miles, surprised and totally defeated a band of Confederates under Jack May at West Liberty, inflicting some loss to the enemy in killed and wounded and coming off scathless. The enemy was pursued to Piketon and with the balance of the force the regiment marched down the Big Sandy to Louisa, thence to Louisville by water. When in March the main body of General Buell's army marched to the assistance of General Grant at Shiloh, the regiment was engaged in several small affairs with the enemy on the line of the Memphis & Charleston railroad, the most considerable of which, at Widow's creek, near Bridgeport, resulted in the dispersion of a force placed to dispute the passage of the creek, and the capture of their camp equipage. The regiment was also with the column that first occupied Bridgeport and destroyed the railroad bridge at that point across the Tennessee river. In the reorganization of the army at Louisville, the regiment was assigned to Rousseau's division in General McCook's left wing, and with two divisions of that command participated in the well contested battle of Perryville. losing in the action nearly forty per cent . of all engaged. In the battle of Stone's river it was closely engaged and suffered serious loss. In this action the regiment, with the assistance of Guenther's Battery H, 4th artillery, captured the colors of the 32nd Arkansas. Chickamauga was the next battle-ground and in this hotly-contested engagement the regiment lost 183 officers and men, killed, wounded and missing. After falling back into the intrenchments at Chattanooga, it remained there until November 24, when the brigade to which it was attached was sent to the assistance of General Hooker on Lookout mountain, in his celebrated battle above the clouds. In the battle of Missionary ridge, which occurred on the succeeding day, the regiment made its way to the crest with slight loss, and captured the colors of the 38th Alabama. It then pursued the enemy to Ringgold. Georgia, at which place a halt was made. In the reconnoissance to Buzzard Roost, in February, 1864. the 2nd was in the advance, and developed the strength of the enemy's position before Dalton. In the following May it formed a portion of Sherman's force for the Atlanta campaign, and at Resaca suffered heavily in an attempt to carry by assault the enemy's intrenched position. It then moved with the division through Georgia to the Chattahoochee river and took part in the battle of Peachtree creek—its last engagement. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out on October 10, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the veterans and recruits were transferred to the 18th Ohio veteran infantry on October 31, 1864.

Third Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Isaac H. Marrow; Lieutenant-Colonel, John Beatty; Major, J. Warren Keifer. This regiment was organized at Camp Jackson, near Columbus, April 21, 1861, in response to the call of the president for volunteers to serve for three months. It was mustered into service, April 27, 1861. On April 28 a part of the regiment was sent to Camp Dennison to prepare a suitable camping place for the regiment, where it was joined by the remainder two days later, and throughout the month of May was subjected to thorough discipline and drill. Before orders for the field were received volunteers for three years were called for and the regiment was reenlisted with alacrity, so that on June 12, 1861, it was reorganized and on June 20 was mustered into service for three years. Those of the three months organization who did not enlist for three years were mustered out on August 22, 1861. The regiment, by its thorough drill and discipline during its three months' organization, was enabled at once to enter into active service under its three years' organization.

Third Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Isaac H. Marrow, John Beatty, Orris A. Lawson; Lieutenant-Colonels, J. Warren Keifer, James H. Wing; Major, James Vananda. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, June 20, 1861, to serve for three years. It first engaged the enemy at Middle creek forks, West Virginia, when a scouting party of 50 men of Co. A was sent to reconnoiter the road leading to the Confederate position at Rich mountain. Proceeding cautiously, the little band, upon approaching Middle Fork bridge, discovered that it was occupied by the enemy. A gallant, but unsuccessful effort was made to dislodge the Confederates and in this, the first drawing of blood, the detachment lost 1 killed and 5 wounded. On August 4, the regiment marched to Elkwater creek, where it commenced a series of fortifications extending entirely across the valley, and it took an active part in the subsequent movements of that period. The first encounter of any importance, however, was at Perryville. Kentucky, and in this ill-starred affair the 3d bore an honorable part, standing its ground and returning volley for volley, until more than one third of its number had fallen, dead or wounded. While in line, General Rousseau rode up to the regiment and thanked it in the name of the army for its gallant conduct. He said: "You stood in that withering fire like men of iron." The battle of Stone's river ensued, and in that bloody affair the 3d again behaved gallantly. But then came a sad epoch in the history of the regiment. In April, 1863. it was detached from the army proper and sent with other commands on a raid into Northern Georgia. On April 30, while crossing Sand mountain it was overtaken and attacked by a large cavalry force. The 3d alone captured the Confederate battery of 12-pounders, with its caisson and ammunition, and the enemy was completely routed. A few days later, however, the small brigade was compelled to lay down its arms and surrender to General Forrest. The men were paroled, later exchanged, but participated in no more engagements, and were mustered out on June 21. 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service.

Fourth Infantry.— (Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Lorin Andrews: Lieutenant-Colonel. James Cantwell; Major, James H. Godman. This regiment was organized at Camp Jackson from April t8 to 25, t86i. It was composed of two companies from Mount Vernon, two from Delaware, two from Kenton, two from Marion, one from Canton and one from Wooster. On May 2, the regiment moved to Camp Dennison. and two days later was mustered into the U. S. service. Immediately came the president's call for 300,000 troops for three years, and a majority of the regiment signified their intention to enter the three years' service. The regiment was mustered out at Columbus on its expiration of term of service, from August 18 to 24, 1861.

Fourth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Lorin Andrews, John S. Mason, James H. Godman; Lieutenant-Colonels, James Cantwell, Leonard W. Carpenter; Majors, George Weaver, Gordon A. Stewart. The following account of the 3d infantry is taken from the Official Army Register, p. 52: "This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, Ohio, in June, 1861, to serve three years. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out June 21, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the veterans and recruits, together with the veterans and recruits of the 8th regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, were consolidated and designated the 4th battalion Ohio infantry. This organization was formed, as stated, June 26, 1864, and was mustered out July 12, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department." The following list of battles includes all those in which the 4th Ohio infantry bore an honorable part: Rich mountain, Romney (first and second), West Virginia; Winchester, Front Royal, Port Republic, Virginia; Antietam, Maryland; Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Virginia; Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; Bristoe Station, Mine Run (operations at), Wilderness, Po river, Spottsylvania, North Anna river, Totopotomy, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Deep Bottom and Reams' station, Virginia. At Fredericksburg it received the first fire of the Confederate artillery on the right of the Union line. At Chancellorsville it engaged the enemy, captured a stand of colors and over 100 prisoners, among whom were 9 commissioned officers. It was one of the three regiments at Gettysburg that drove the Confederates from Cemetery hill, after they had driven a part of the nth corps from the field and had gained possession of two Union batteries. During its service the regiment marched 1,975 miles, and traveled by railroad and transport 2,279 miles, making an aggregate of 4,254 miles traveled.

Fifth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Samuel H. Dunning; Lieutenant-Colonel, John H. Patrick; Major, Charles L. Long. This regiment was organized at Camp Harrison, April 20, 1861, and was recruited principally from young men who resided in Cincinnati and vicinity. It was sent to Camp Dennison on April 23, and was mustered into service from April 29 to May 9. Before the equipment was complete the call for 300,000 troops to serve for three years was issued by the president, and the regiment responded immediately to this call, nearly the entire membership signifying their willingness to enter the new organization, the enrollment of which took place between June 15 and 21. Those who did not enlist were mustered out on expiration of term of service from August 24 to September 5, 1861.

Fifth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Samuel H. Dunning, John H. Patrick; Lieutenant-Colonels, Harry G. Armstrong, Robert L. Kilpatrick, Robert Kirkup; Majors, William Gaskill, John Collins, Henry E. Symmes, Krewson Yerkes. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, June 21, 1861, to serve for three years. After an active campaign in West Virginia the 5th was at Winchester in March, and on the 23d marched out to Kernstown, took position in support of Daum's West Virginia battery, and the battle of Winchester opened. Late in the afternoon companies A, B, C, D and E moved up, and passing through a clump of underbrush emerged into an open field where they received the fire of the enemy. When the 84th Pennsylvania fell back in confusion General Sullivan, commanding the brigade, exclaimed that the army was whipped: but observing the 5th Ohio still fighting, he exclaimed: "No, thank God, the brave 5th Ohio is still standing its ground, and holding the rebels." The regimental colors were perforated with 48 bullet holes and the state flag with 10. During the following May the regiment was presented with a beautiful stand of colors, sent to it by the city council of Cincinnati as a token of appreciation for its bravery and efficiency in the battle of Winchester. At the battle of Port Republic the regiment conducted itself with its usual courage and dash, and after tiring a couple of volleys it charged on a fence behind which two Confederate regiments had taken position. The charge was a success, the Confederates fleeing into the woods, where they rallied, but again the 5th charged and captured a piece of artillery. Immediately thereafter it marched to the left and repulsed a charge made by the enemy on a battery. When the order to retreat was finally given, the 5th was designated to cover the movement, in doing which it lost 185 men taken prisoners. On August 9 it made a forced march of 8 miles to reach the battle-field of Cedar mountain. At Antietam the regiment marched on the field at daylight, advanced to the edge of a belt of woods and opened fire, driving the Confederates into a cornfield, where it followed and engaged them in a fierce hand-to-hand conflict, many of them using the butts of their guns. The conflict was terrible, but the enemy was at last compelled to give way, contesting every foot of the ground as he did so. During the time the 5U1 Ohio was engaged in this battle its cartridge-boxes were emptied three times, making about 100 shots per man. On the outer edge of the cornfield lay a row of dead Confederates on their faces, as though they had been dragged there and laid in order. After various marches and counter-marches, the 5th went into camp at Dumfries, Virginia, where it was attacked by General Stuart's cavalry, but the attack was repulsed. On May 1, the regiment entered the battle of Chancellorsville and performed a distinguished part, and following that came the great battle of Gettysburg. In the grand advance of Rosecrans' army toward Chattanooga the 5th formed a part and had the honor of opening the battle above the clouds, on Lookout mountain. It was with Sherman in his march to Atlanta, and when its time of enlistment had expired—notwithstanding its hard and almost continual service, and the fact that it was literally shattered to pieces—this brave band of heroes resolved to "go in for the war." After a short furlough home they were back "to the front," marching to the sea with Sherman and participating in all the hardships of the campaign. Then came the great flood of sunlight, Lee's surrender; the triumphant march to Washington, joining in the grand review; thence to the Queen City of the West, their home, and at last the muster-out at Louisville, July 26, 1865.

Sixth, Eighth and Eleventh Infantry.—These three regiments were mustered in for one month, their organization and record being as follows:

Sixth—Colonels. Theodore Haffner, F. J. Mayer; Lieutenant-Colonel, Joseph Heider; Major, John W. Fidler.

Eighth—Colonel, Bernhard Eith; Lieutenant-Colonel, Michael Hartman; Major, Ernst Zimmerman.

Eleventh—Colonel, William Floto; Lieutenant-Colonel, John H. Carter; Major, M. Wesolinski.

During the month of August. 1862. the Confederate army under the command of Kirby Smith invaded the State of Kentucky and marched rapidly towards the Ohio river, with the intention of making an attack upon the city of Cincinnati. On or about September 1 the enemy had approached so near the Ohio river, that Major-General Lew Wallace, then in command of the U. S. forces at Cincinnati, called out the militia of the city of Cincinnati and on September 2 declared martial law in the city. In accordance with a general order the 6th, 8th and nth regiments of Ohio volunteer militia were organized. The enemy was making decided demonstrations of attack on the fortifications in Kentucky. Major-General H. G. Wright, commanding the Department of Ohio, ordered all the militia troops to the front in the State of Kentucky. They crossed the Ohio river on the morning of September 10, and marched directly to the front, where they were placed in position near Fort Mitchell. On Friday, September 12, an engagement along the left center of the line seemed imminent, the troops being in line of battle all day, but for reasons best known to the Confederate chief, he fell back and during the night withdrew his entire force, so that by Saturday morning he had disappeared from the front. All apparent danger being over, many of the troops were ordered back to Cincinnati on the afternoon of that day. Provost guard duty was performed until October 4, when the troops were discharged from further service. The three regiments having served the United States faithfully and honorably during the alarm, the government, to show its appreciation of such service, ordered an irregular muster in and out of the U. S. service some years after, as follows: 6th regiment, mustered in November 8, 1866, to date from September 2, 1862; mustered out November 8, 1866, to date from October 3, 1862; 8th regiment mustered in November 8, 1866, to date from September 3, 1862; mustered out November 8, 1866, to date from October 3, 1862; nth regiment mustered in October 26, 1866, to date from Sept . 2, 1862; mustered out October 26, 1866, to date from October 3, 1862. Congress in the meantime provided for their payment.

Sixth Infantry.— (Three Months' Service.) Colonel, William K. Bosley; Lieutenant-Colonel, Eliphalet Loring; Major, Alexander C. Christopher. This regiment was principally recruited from an independent military organization of the city of Cincinnati, known as the Guthrie Gray Battalion. It was enrolled on April 20, 1861, and mustered into the U. S. service April 27, at Camp Harrison, except Cos. H and K, they being mustered May 10 and 12, respectively. Immediately after muster-in the regiment was transferred to Camp Dennison, to be equipped and placed in readiness for the field, but before the work was completed a call was issued by the president for 300,000 men for three years, and a majority of the membership signifying their intention to enter that service, they were enrolled in such from June 6 to 18, 1861. Those who did not enlist for three years were mustered out with the several companies August 21, 1861, at Cincinnati.

Sixth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, William K. Bosley, Nicholas L. Anderson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Alexander C. Christopher; Mais.. Anthony O. Russell, Samuel C. Erwin, James Bense. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, in June, 1861, to serve for three years. Immediately after the muster-in and equipment, it was ordered to western Virginia. It took part in the operations about Laurel hill and in the subsequent pursuit of the Confederates, ending in the affair of Carrick's ford. Being transferred to the operations in the West, on April 5, 1862, it was in camp at Savannah, Tennessee. The next morning the battle of Shiloh opened, the regiment marched across the country Sunday afternoon to the field and was among the first of Buell's troops to cross the river. The crossing was effected under fire and the 6th, with two other regiments, was thrown into line just in time to repel the last charge the Confederates made upon the Union left that day. The 6th bore its part in all the operations before Corinth and in the subsequent pursuit of the Confederates for 60 miles south of that place. The following December at Stone's river, the regiment was heavily engaged, losing out of 383 officers and men, 159 killed, wounded and prisoners. In the battle of Chickamauga the regiment was actively engaged, losing out of 384 officers and men, 125 killed, wounded and missing. When active operations commenced in front of Chattanooga, the 4th corps occupied the center, the 6th Ohio being in the advance on Orchard knob and in the charge up Missionary ridge. It then took part in the Knoxville campaign and joined in the Atlanta movements the following spring. On June 6. 1864, it was released from duty and ordered home to be mustered out. The regiment arrived at Cincinnati on June 15, and after the public reception given by the citizens, went into quarters at Camp Dennison, where it was mustered out on June 23, with an aggregate of 30 officers and 495 enlisted men.

Seventh Infantry.—(.Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Erastus B. Tyler; Lieutenant-Colonel, William R. Creighton; Major, John S. Casement. The several companies composing this regiment were enrolled from April 18 to 25, 1861, the ranks being filled with sturdy sons of northern Ohio, recruited at Cleveland, Oberlin, Warren, Painesville, Youngstown, Norwalk and Franklin, all of whom rendezvoused at Camp Taylor, near Cleveland, and were mustered into the U. S. service from April 22 to 30, 1861, for three months. Early in May they were ordered to Camp Dennison and the officers commenced the drill and discipline of the regiment. When the second call of the president—for 300,000 men to serve for three years—was issued, the membership almost to a man signified their willingness to enter the new organization and the enrolling of the same took place on June 19 and 20. Those who did not enlist for three years were mustered out with their companies from August 18 to 22, 1861.

Seventh Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Erastus B. Tyler, William R. Creighton; Lieutenant-Colonels, Joel F. Asper, Orris J. Crane, Samuel McClellan; Majors, John S. Casement, Frederick A. Seymour. This regiment was organized at Cleveland and Camp Dennison in June, 1861, to serve for three years. The privilege of sharing in the opening campaign in western Virginia was allotted to this regiment and on June 29 it started for that field. It was first under fire at Cross Lanes, where the several companies, acting independently of each other, took position on neighboring hills, and though pressed against by overwhelming numbers, tenaciously held their positions, until they were at last forced to retreat, leaving the field and the dead and wounded in possession of the enemy. The loss of the regiment in this unfortunate affair was 120 in killed, wounded and prisoners. In March the spring campaign opened and at the first battle of Winchester the 7th performed an important part, adding to its reputation for efficiency. Its loss was 14 killed, 51 wounded and several prisoners. The 7th in connection with the 5th Ohio, bore the brunt of the fight at Port Republic and became the rallying center of the battle. Taking advantage of a wheat field near the enemy’s center, these two regiments double-quicked from point to point along the line, under cover of some standing wheat, halting now and then to deliver a galling fire. This was kept up for 5 long hours and when a retreat was ordered the 7th was a part of the rear-guard. At Cedar mountain in the following August, it was engaged in a fierce hand-to-hand struggle and of 300 men of the regiment engaged only 100 escaped unhurt. Although on the field during the battle of Antietam, it was not in the front line and therefore its loss was comparatively slight. In the brief contest at Dumfries every man of the 7th was under arms and assisted materially in repelling the enemy. At the battle of Chancellorsville it was ordered to support a battery and later a line of skirmishers that had been thrown forward. The skirmishers soon fell back to the main body, but the 7th continued to advance until it was ordered to retreat. It was one of three regiments that covered the retreat of the Federal army and its conduct in this hazardous and responsible position, as well as its gallant action in the battle, reflected the highest honor not only on the regiment, but also on the state from which it came. Its loss in this battle was 14 men killed and 70 wounded. In the battle of Gettysburg the regiment was ordered from point to point, where and when reinforcements were most needed, but its loss was small owing to the protection of breastworks. It lost but 1 man killed and 17 wounded. It participated in the battles of Lookout mountain and Missionary ridge and then pursued the enemy to Ringgold. Georgia, where the latter posted himself in a strong position. The brigade to which the 7th belonged was ordered to storm the heights. At this point the gallant Creighton shouted to his regiment: "Boys, we are ordered to take that hill; I want to see you walk right up to it!" And up they went, in the face of a merciless fire in front and on both flanks. The charge was repulsed with fearful loss, only 1 commissioned officer of the regiment being left uninjured. Nineteen were killed, among whom was the fiery Creighton, and 61 were wounded. At Rocky Face ridge and Resaca, Georgia, was the last service performed by the 7th as a regiment. It was ordered home to be mustered out, which was done on July 8, 1864, at Cleveland. During its term of service 1,800 men had served with the regiment, and now, save some 60 new recruits transferred to the veteran corps, only 240 able-bodied men remained to bring home their unsullied colors, pierced through by the shot and shell of more than a score of battles.

Eighth Infantry.— (Three Months' Service.) Colonel Herman G. Depuy; Lieutenant-Colonel, Freeman E. Franklin; Major, Henry F. Willson. The companies composing this regiment were enrolled from April 18 to 27, 1861, and arrived at Camp Taylor on April 29. They were mustered into the U. S. service from April 24 to 30 for three months, and on May 2 the regiment was ordered to Camp Dennison, where it arrived on the following day. The regimental organization was at once completed by the appointment of the field and staff officers. The officers in command at once commenced instructions in the "drill," and vigorous efforts were put forth to fit the regiment for service at the front. At once came the president's proclamation calling for 300,000 men for three years, when an effort was made to enlist the regiment for that period. To this every company responded except I, and the new regiment of nine companies was enrolled for three years from June 5 to 25. Co. I was mustered out on expiration of term of service, August 21, with the exception of 8 men who were enrolled in Co. I of the new regiment on August 10, for three years. They, with recruits, made the new company and early in September joined the regiment at Grafton, Virginia. Those who did not enlist for three years were mustered out from August 18 to 22, 1861, at Columbus.

Eighth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Herman G. Depuy, Samuel S. Carroll; Lieutenant-Colonels, Charles A. Park, Franklin Sawyer; Major, Albert H. Winslow. Of this regiment the Official Army Register says: "This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison. Ohio, in June, 1861, to serve three years. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out July 13, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the veterans and recruits, together with the veterans and recruits of the 4th regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, were consolidated and designated the 4th battalion Ohio infantry—an organization that was formed June 26, 1864, and mustered out of the service July 12, 1865." The following list of battles includes all those in which the 8th Ohio infantry bore an honorable part: First and second battles of Romney, Winchester, Front Royal, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg. Bristoe Station, operations at Mine Run, Wilderness, Po river, Spottsylvania, North Anna river, Cold Harbor and Petersburg. At the battle of Winchester it participated in the charge on the enemy's right flank and the killed and wounded of the regiment amounted to over one-fourth the number engaged. In the terrible battle of Fredericksburg it formed the right wing of the forlorn hope and in _ killed and wounded lost 37. In the battle of Gettysburg it bore a conspicuous part, capturing 3 stands of colors and losing 102 men, killed and wounded. On June 25, 1864, its term of service having expired, the regiment was relieved from duty, being then in the trenches before Petersburg with only 72 officers and men fit for duty and returned to Ohio to be mustered out. On the route home it was frequently greeted with tokens of respect. The regiment was formally mustered out on July 13, 1864.

Ninth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Robert L. McCook; Lieutenant-Colonel, Charles Sondershoff; Major, Frank Linkc. This organization was composed of patriotic German Americans of the city of Cincinnati. The ten companies composing the regiment were enrolled April 22, 1861, and mustered into the U. S. service on May 8, at Camp Harrison, for three months. On May 18 it was ordered to Camp Dennison to be equipped and prepared for active service. Here they learned of the president's call for volunteers to serve for three years and immediately nearly the entire membership agreed to enlist for that period, the enrolling taking place on May 27, the 9th being the first three years organization from the state of Ohio.

Ninth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Robert L. McCook. Gustave Kammerling; Lieutenant-Colonels, Charles Sondershoff, Charles Joseph, Frederick Schraeder; Majors, August Willich, Bartholomew Benz. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, from May 27 to June 13, 1861, to serve for three years. It was mustered in with 1,o35 officers and men, exclusive of the band, which consisted of 24 musicians. Its first engagement was at Rich mountain, West Virginia, where it sustained a loss of 1 killed and 2 wounded. At Carnifix ferry it lost 2 killed and 8 wounded. It participated in the battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky, and made a decisive charge, completely routing the Confederates. At Chickamauga, on the second day of the battle, the regiment participated in the famous bayonet charge of Van Derveer's brigade, and in the afternoon, while holding the hill on which the right of General Thomas's corps rested, it once more drove the Confederates back at the point of the bayonet. Its loss in the two days' battle was equal to one-third the loss of the entire brigade. It went into action about 500 strong and lost in killed, wounded and missing, 11 officers and 237 enlisted men. The regiment participated in the battle of Resaca, Georgia, and on May 20 entered upon its last march against the enemy, moving from Kingston to the Etowah river. As its term of service expired on May 27, 1864, it was ordered to Ohio for muster-out. Up to the last moment it stood within range of the enemy's guns, being relieved from the very outer picket line by General Thomas in person, and started for Cincinnati. All along the road stood their fellow-soldiers who cheered most heartily as the regiment moved away, and not any less hearty were the farewells returned by the boys of the 9th Ohio. The regiment received an enthusiastic reception at Cincinnati and was mustered out at Camp Dennison on June 7, 1864.

Tenth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, William H. Lytle; Lieutenant-Colonel, Herman J. Korf; Major, Joseph W. Burke. The companies composing this regiment were enrolled from April 18 to 24, 1861, at Camp Harrison, near Cincinnati, and its ranks were filled by residents of that city and vicinity. Many of its members were not unfamiliar with scenes of actual combat, having served in European armies, and not a few had been through the Mexican war. It was mustered into the U. S. service from May 1 to 12, for three months, and at once marched to Camp Dennison, where instructions in discipline and drill were vigorously pushed, so that in a short time they had acquired a knowledge of military duties. Half of the term of enlistment having expired, orders were received _ from headquarters to organize for a longer period of service. The regiment almost as a whole volunteered for three years, and were enrolled for that period of service on June 3. Those who did not enlist for three years were mustered out on expiration of term of service from August 20 to 23, 1861.

Tenth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, William H. Lytle, Joseph W. Burke; Lieutenant-Colonels, Herman J. Korf, _ Robert M. Moore, William M. Ward; Major, John E. Hudson. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, June 4, 1861, to serve three years. It had its baptism of fire at Carnifix ferry, West Virginia, where it was ordered to move forward and reconnoiter the enemy's position. The regiment advanced through a dense wood and just as it gained the crest of the hill the Con federates opened with shot, shell and musketry. The regiment fixed bayonets and advanced to the charge by the flank, no other formation being possible. The head of the column reached the ditch, when the whole Confederate line delivered a volley and the advance was checked. Fitzgibbon. the color-bearer, had his right hand shot off at the wrist, but immediately picked up the colors with the left hand, and while advancing thus was mortally wounded, exclaiming as he fell: " Never mind me, boys. Save the flag!" Each company was sadly shattered as it came over the hill and at last, slowly and reluctantly, they fell back. The regiment served with General Rosecrans in every skirmish and battle in the campaign of western Virginia, closing with the pursuit of Floyd from Cotton mountain. It then moved through Kentucky and Tennessee to northern Alabama, sharing in all the splendid achievements of General Mitchell. It participated in the long march to Kentucky after Bragg and, in common with the whole army, endured all the privations incident to the movement. At Perryville it drove the enemy from the front by a charge, but in retiring, which it was forced to do, its track was marked by the dead of the regiment. Company formation was impossible and the men crowded toward the colors. Being aware of the loss the regiment must sustain if it retired in disorder, Colonel Burke seized a bugle and sounded a halt, formed and dressed the lines, deployed the flank companies as skirmishers to cover the retreat and then retired to the new lines, having but 263 men left out of 528. When General Rosecrans assumed command of the army, in general orders the 10th was announced as head-quarters and provost guard of the Army of the Cumberland. The regiment entered upon its new duties, furnishing guards for headquarters, taking charge of prisoners, preventing straggling during engagements, during the battle of Stone's river protected the line of communication, and for its efficiency was specially mentioned in General Rosecrans' report. The 10th followed Rosecrans to the Tennessee river and was present at Chickamauga, where it was again officially noticed for its efficiency in the performance of its duties. When General Thomas assumed command of the army, he retained the regiment as headquarters guard, and with him it was present at Missionary ridge, Buzzard Roost, Rocky Face ridge, Resaca, and as far in the Atlanta campaign as Kingston. The regiment's term of service having nearly expired, a day was fixed for its departure and it was drawn up in line in front of General Thomas' headquarters. The general, contrary to his usual custom, spoke a few words of parting cheer, and kindly eulogized the regiment for its bearing on all occasions. The boys gave "three times three" for General Thomas, the same for the Army of the Cumberland and, concluding with three cheers for the cause of the Union, filed off on their way to their long absent homes and friends. At Cincinnati the regiment was greeted with a royal welcome, and though it did not return bearing the trophies and spoils of war, it bore that which was far better, an unsullied fame. Its ranks were thinned and its banners were blood-stained and torn, and of the thousand brave hearts that marched away, but few remained to tell of Lytle and the 10th Ohio.

Eleventh Infantry.— (Three Months' Service.) Colonel, James F. Harrison; Lieutenant-Colonel, Joseph W. Frizell; Major, Augustus H. Coleman. The membership of this regiment was furnished in response to the president's proclamation, from the counties of Miami. Clinton, Hamilton, Montgomery and Columbiana. It was enrolled from April 15 to 25, and mustered into the U. S. service on April 26, for three months. When volunteers were called for three years, only a small proportion signified their willingness to enter the three years' organization. Cos. I and K did not furnish a single enlistment, preferring to complete their three months' term. Those who enlisted for three years were enrolled from June 16 to 23, and the several companies were mustered out on expiration of term of service from August 1 to 28, 1861.

Eleventh Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.} Colonels, Charles A. De Villiers, Philander P. Lane; Lieutenant-Colonels, Joseph W. Frizell, Augustus H. Coleman, Ogden Street; Majors, Lyman J. Jackson, Asa Higgins. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison on June 20, 1861, to serve for three years. On July 7, it was ordered to the Kanawha valley and after remaining on duty iii West Virginia during the winter and a part of the following summer it was sent to Alexandria, Virginia. On August 27, 1862, it was ordered to Manassas Junction, but upon arriving at Fairfax Station it was found that the Confederates had taken possession of the fortifications at Manassas. The regiment then crossed Bull run, formed in line near the railroad and checked a flanking movement of the enemy. Upon the retreat of the Federal forces the regiment acted as rear-guard, its cool and determined bravery doing much toward securing the safety of the whole column. On September 6 the regiment moved toward Maryland and six days later reached the Confederate picket-line in the vicinity of Frederick City. In the engagement that ensued three attacking columns were formed, with the nth in the advance of the center. A charge was ordered, but the line was thrown into some confusion, and the Confederates rallied and captured 2 pieces of artillery. General Cox called to Colonel Coleman: "Will the nth recover those guns?" With a loud cheer the regiment dashed at the Confederates, drove them from the guns, and still pressed on cheering and charging, advancing into the city, halting only when the enemy was completely routed. Next morning the division crossed the creek and moved toward Turner's gap in South mountain. When the order came to charge the nth moved along the edge of a strip of woods and by adroitness and bravery drove back a strong force of the Confederates attempting a flank movement. Again the regiment was ordered to charge across an open field on the left of the road against a force of the enemy protected by a stone wall. They met the enemy in almost a hand-to-hand tight, in which muskets were clubbed and bayonets crossed over the low stone wall, but finally the enemy was driven from his position into the undergrowth. The following day, at Antietam, an order was received to carry the bridge at all hazards. The nth was to lead the storming party and while advancing steadily and determinedly Colonel Coleman fell mortally wounded. The regiment wavered an instant, then pressed on, gained the bridge, crossed it. scaled the bluffs, and drove the Confederates from their position. In the following spring the regiment was transferred to the western field of operations and in June was with the division that engaged the enemy at Hoover's gap, Tennessee. After the enemy was driven back it pressed on and led the advance into Manchester, capturing a number of Confederates. The regiment fought valiantly at Chickamauga and Lookout mountain, and in a charge at Missionary ridge captured a battle-flag and a quantity of artillery and small arms. It pursued the enemy toward Ringgold and after some severe fighting there returned to Chattanooga. The regiment was engaged in a reconnoissance toward Rocky Face ridge and advanced as far as Buzzard Roost, where the enemy was found in strong position. By some mistake the nth was ordered to charge up a steep hill held by two brigades and several pieces of artillery. It advanced bravely, but after heroic efforts was compelled to fall back with a loss of one-sixth of its men. The troops then fell back to Ringgold and on March 26 the veterans of the regiment numbering about 200, returned to Ohio for the purpose of recruiting, so that when the regiment should be mustered out the name and organization might still be continued. The regiment remained at Ringgold on garrison duty till June 10, when it proceeded to Cincinnati, where it received a hearty welcome and was mustered out at Camp Dennison on June 21, 1864.

Twelfth Infantry.— (.Three Months' Service.) Colonels, John W. Lowe, Lieutenant-Colonel, Jacob Ammen; Major, Carr B. White. Under the call of the President for 75,000 troops for three months, the several companies composing this regiment were enrolled in the counties of Brown, Butler, Clinton, Clermont, Greene, Highland and Warren, from April 19 to 25, 1861. It was mustered into the U. S. service at Camp Jackson, Columbus, from April 22 to May 4. The regiment went to Camp Dennison on May 6, and remained in camp until orders were received to reorganize for three years' service. Those who enlisted for three years were enrolled from May 30 to June 25, and those who did not were mustered out on expiration of term of service from July 30 to August 23, 1861.

Twelfth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.)Colonels, John W. Lowe, Carr B. White; Lieutenant-Colonel, Jonathan D. Hines; Majors, James D. Wallace, Edward M. Carey. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, from June 19 to 29, 1861, to serve for three years. It left for the Kanawha valley on July 6, arrived at Point Pleasant on the 9th, and on the 17th fought the battle of Scary creek, West Virginia, the enemy being strongly posted beyond a ravine. The regiment fought for 3 hours and after exhausting its ammunition fell back in good order to its camp at the mouth of the Pocotaligo, with a loss of 5 killed, 30 wounded and 4 missing. The regiment entered Charleston, West Virginia, and a few days later reached Gauley bridge, where it captured a large quantity of arms and ammunition. Marching south through Weston, Sutton and Summerville it arrived at Carnifix ferry on Sept . 10, and engaged in the battle at that place with a loss of 2 killed and 10 wounded. The regiment was ordered to the Army of the Potomac on August 15, 1862; met the enemy at Bull Run bridge on the 27th. where it was severely engaged for 6 hours against a greatly superior force and was compelled to fall back to Fairfax Station with a loss of 9 killed, 68 wounded (six mortally) and 12 missing. On September 7 it advanced into Maryland, and after a sharp skirmish at Monocacy bridge entered Frederick City. It engaged in the battle of South mountain, participating in three bayonet charges and capturing 3 battle-flags, a large number of small arms, and over 200 prisoners, with a loss of 16 killed, 91 wounded, and 8 missing. Three days later it was engaged at Antietam, losing 6 killed and 29 wounded. After wintering in West Virginia, it assisted in the repulse of the enemy's attack on Fayette Court House, the regiment losing 2 killed, 9 wounded and 8 missing. The regiment was next engaged at Cloyd's mountain, where it lost 11 killed, 68 wounded and in addition to these 20 men, left on the field in charge of the wounded, fell into the enemy's hands. It also participated in an engagement at Lynchburg, Virginia, and then was ordered to Columbus, Ohio, where it was mustered out on July n, 1864.

Thirteenth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, A. Saunders Piatt; Lieutenant-Colonel, Columbus B. Mason; Major, Joseph S. Hawkins. The companies composing this regiment were enrolled from April 20 to 27, 1861, and were mustered into the U. S. service from April 24 to May 4, at Camp Jackson, Columbus, for three months. The regiment was reorganized for three years, the enrolling taking place from May 29 to June 20. Those who did not reenlist were mustered out with their companies from August 14 to 25, 1861, at Columbus.

Thirteenth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, William S. Smith, Joseph G. Hawkins, Dwight Jarvis. Jr.; Lieutenant-Colonels, Columbus B. Mason. Benjamin P. Runkle, William Schneider, Elhanon M. Mast; Major, Joseph T. Snyder. The Official Army Register says of the 13th Ohio: "This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, Ohio, from June 12 to 26, 1861, to serve three years. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out on June 26, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, retained in the service until December 5, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department." The following is the official list of battles in which the 13th regiment bore an honorable part: Shiloh, occupation of Corinth, Stone's river, Liberty gap, Chickamauga, Missionary ridge, Rocky Face ridge, Cassville, Dallas, Pickett's mills, Kennesaw mountain, Hood's First Sortie at Atlanta, Lovejoy's Station, Franklin and Nashville. In the second day's fight at Shiloh the 13th Ohio, burning to avenge their fallen comrades of the day before, charged the famous Washington battery of New Orleans and after a desperate struggle captured it entire, but only to lose it, as the enemy in larger numbers made a charge and retook their pieces. About 1 p. m., when the last grand advance of the Federal army was made, another attempt was made by the 13th to capture the famous battery. It was successful, and the famed guns were once more the trophies of the regiment. At Stone's river the loss of the regiment was 31 killed, 85 wounded and 69 missing—total 185. At Chickamauga the lieutenant-colonel was killed, the major severely wounded, and the skeleton ranks attested the heavy and mournful loss of rank and file. In reference to Missionary ridge, history has recorded the successful charge that swept the Confederate host down the mountain, across the valley, and converted its retreat into a shameful rout. In this charge the 13th bore itself bravely, and it is claimed was the first to plant its colors on the Confederate works. The losses of the regiment in this affair were severe.

Fourteenth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, James B. Steedman; Lieutenant-Colonel, George P. Este; Major, Paul Edwards. The companies composing this organization were raised in and around Toledo. Co. A was enrolled April 22, 1861; B, April 20, and K, April 23, at Toledo; C, April 19, at Bryan; D, April 23, at Defiance; E, April 22, at Stryker; F, April 22, at Napoleon; G, April 22, at Antwerp; H, April 22; at Wauseon, and I, April 22, at Waterville. On April 25, 1861, the regiment left Toledo for Camp Taylor, near Cleveland, where it was thoroughly drilled and its regimental organization completed. On May 18, Cos. A, C, D, E, F, G, H and K, and on May 20, B and I were mustered into the service of the State of Ohio, for a period of three months, to date from April 27. The second call being made by the president for 300,000 troops, this regiment was transferred to the U. S. service. On May 22, it left Camp Taylor for Columbus, where it received arms and accouterments and left the same day for Zanesville, thence to Marietta, remaining in Camp Putnam until May 27, when it left for Parkersburg, West Virginia, at which place, for the first time, the regimental flag was unfurled in the enemy's country. It was double-quicked along the line of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, the bridges of which were being destroyed by retreating Confederates. The railroad was diligently guarded to prevent further destruction. On the 29th the regiment reached Clarksburg, Virginia, having repaired the railroad property to that point. It left Clarksburg on June 2. by rail for Webster, and from thence marched a distance of 13 miles to Philippi, and surprised a force of 2,000 Confederate cavalry at 5 a. m., after a very disagreeable march during the night. The enemy was routed and scattered to the hills, leaving stores, arms and munitions behind. The 14th went into camp on the hills in the rear of the town of Philippi, expeditions being sent out against the guerrilla bands which _ infested that region. The regiment was engaged with the enemy at Philippi, Laurel hill and Carrick's ford, with a loss of 8 brave men killed and many wounded. It remained in camp on Laurel hill until July 22, when its term of service having expired, it was ordered home, arriving at Toledo July 25 and on August 13, 1861, was mustered out .

Fourteenth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, James B. Steedman, George P. Este; Lieutenant-Colonels, Paul Edwards, Henry D. Kingsbury, Albert Moore; Major, John W. Wilson. This regiment was organized at Toledo, from August 14 to September 5, 1861, to serve for three years. It first saw service in Kentucky and in October went into quarters at Camp Dick Robinson. About this time rumors were rife that the Federal forces stationed at or near Wild Cat were surrounded by the Confederates. The 14th, with Barnet's 1st Ohio artillery, started at once for that place, making forced marches through the deep mud and driving rain, and reached there on the morning of October 21. On nearing the battlefield the crash of musketry and artillery was heard. This spurred the excited troops, who were going into their first engagement, and they double-quicked to the point of attack. The enemy shortly abandoned the field and retreated. In the charge which carried the works at Mill Springs the 14th was the first regiment to enter, and pushing on after the flying enemy it reached the bank of the river in time to fire into the rear of the retreating column as it was boarding the steamer. The regiment was with the army that shared in the slow advance upon Corinth. It was in the march from Nashville to Louisville, but on October 9 the brigade with which it was acting was detailed to guard headquarters and the ammunition train, and hence did not participate in the battle of Perryville. The following winter was spent at Gallatin and other points in middle Tennessee, and in June, 1863, the regiment formed a portion of Rosecrans' advance on Tullahoma and Chattanooga. At Hoover's gap a brisk engagement ensued, in which the 14th participated with its brigade. On September 19 it marched upon the field at Chickamauga and was immediately deployed in line of battle. The men were not in the best trim to engage in a fatiguing day's work, having marched incessantly all the previous day and night, but they were ready and willing to perform their whole duty and they did it nobly. The regiment was engaged in hot and close contest with the enemy from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. Being then relieved, it replenished its ammunition boxes and again entered the fight, continuing until sunset. The regiment went into the battle with 449 men, and out of that number it lost 233, killed, wounded and missing. In the brilliant assault on Missionary ridge the 14th bore a gallant part, charging and capturing a Confederate battery of 3 guns, which General Hardee in person was superintending, losing 16 killed, 91 wounded and 3 missing. Of those that were eligible, all but 30 men of the entire regiment reenlisted for another term of three years and after a 30-days' furlough home it rejoined the army at Ringgold, Georgia, and commenced that long, fatiguing campaign for the possession of Atlanta, the "gate city" of the South. In all the marches and the almost incessant skirmishes and flanking movements of that campaign it bore an honorable part, losing heavily in men and officers. While lying in front of Atlanta the regiment lost 20 men. killed and wounded. In that heroic charge at Jonesboro the 14th took nearly as many prisoners as the regiment numbered men, a battery of 4 guns, several stands of colors, and two lines of trenches full of Confederates. All this was not accomplished without sad cost. One hundred members of the regiment whose time had expired went willingly into this fight, some of whom were killed and many wounded. It next followed Hood into Tennessee and then returned and participated in the "march to the sea." It was mustered out of the service at Louisville, Kentucky, July 11, 1865.

Fifteenth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel. George W. Andrews; Lieutenant-Colonel. Moses R. Dickey; Major, Silas B. Walker. The 15th was among the first to respond to the president's proclamation calling for 75,000 troops for three months. The companies composing it were enrolled at the following places: Co. A, April 17, at Zanesville; B, April 18, Martinsville; C, April 23, and G and I, April 20, at Upper Sandusky; D, April 18, at Shelby; E, April 18, at Van Wert; F, April 17, at Sidney; H, April 23, at Mansfield, and K, April 22, at Wapakpneta. The quota under the first call having been filled, the 15th was one of nine regiments mustered into the service of the state of Ohio for three months. A few days after enrollment the companies arrived at Camp Jackson and were mustered into the state service from May 13 to 24, for a period of three months. The regimental organization being perfected, the regiment was ordered to proceed to Camp Goddard, Zanesville, where it remained until the latter part of May, drilling, disciplining and preparing for the field. The president having called for three-year troops, the regiment was promptly transferred to the U. S. service. In West Virginia it performed a large amount of marching and guard duty, and rendered valuable service to the government in assisting to stay the progress of the Confederates towards the North. It was actively engaged before Philippi, Laurel Hill and at Carrick's ford. Having served its term of enlistment it returned to Columbus and was mustered out from August 27 to 30, 1861, having lost 8 men, 1 killed and 7 who died of disease.

Fifteenth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Moses R. Dickey, William Wallace, Frank Askew; Lieutenant-Colonels, William F. Wilson, John McClenahan; Majors, Andrew R. Z. Dawson, Joseph N. Dubois. Concerning the 15th, the Official Army Register says: "This regiment was organized in the state of Ohio at large, in September, 1861, to serve three years. On the expiration of its term of service the original members (except veterans) were mustered out, and the organization, composed of volunteers and recruits, retained in service until November 21, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders of the war department." The regiment was engaged at Shiloh, occupation of Corinth, Stone's river, Liberty gap, Chickamauga, Missionary ridge, Rocky Face ridge, Resaca, Cassville, Pickett's mills, Kennesaw mountain, Peachtree creek, Hood's First Sortie at Atlanta, Lovejoy's station, Franklin and Nashville. In its first engagement at Shiloh it lost 6 men killed and 62 wounded. In the battle of Stone's river it was heavily engaged, losing 18 killed and 89 wounded. It took a prominent part at Liberty gap, where it lost i officer and 7 men killed and 23 wounded. At Chickamauga it lost 1 officer and 9 men killed, 2 officers and 69 men wounded, and 40 men missing. At Nashville the regiment formed the extreme left of the line and when the order came for the left to move forward the regiment advanced rapidly, capturing a fine battery of 4 brass guns and some 30 prisoners. The 15th was among the first regiments to be mustered in, and among the last to be mustered out, having been in the service as an organization about four years and eight months, including the three months' service. Few regiments present a better record and in respect to its morale it holds an enviable position.

Sixteenth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, James Irvine; Lieutenant-Colonel, John S. Fulton; Major, George W. Bailey. The companies composing this regiment were recruited in central Ohio. A and D were enrolled on April 20, 1861, at Wooster; E, April 23, at Springfield; F, April 16, at New Philadelphia; G, April 22, at Millersburg; H, April 20, at Cambridge; I, April 22, at Bellville, and K, April 22. at Dresden. A few days later they reported at Camp Jackson, Columbus, where the regimental organization was formed and the equipment of the regiment was begun. The regiment was named the "Carrington Guards" in honor of Adjt.-General Carrington, who intended to take it to the field. He presented a fine stand of colors of embroidered silk, and in presenting the same took from his pocket a small piece of wood, saying, "This splinter is a fragment of the Fort Sumter flag staff, which Major Anderson recently gave me here in Columbus, while on his way from the surrendered fort to his home in Kentucky. I give it to the 'Carrington Guards,' and shall have it inserted in the top of your regimental flag-staff so that you shall carry over your heads the sacred memento, and may you never surrender it to traitors." The regiment was mustered into the service of the State of Ohio on May 10, n and 12, for three months. The president having issued his proclamation for 300,000 troops for three years, the regiment was promptly transferred to the U. S. service. On or about May 25 it left for West Virginia, where it was actively engaged in guarding the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, the enemy having killed citizens and burned bridges in the vicinity of Farmington and Fairmount . It then proceeded to Grafton, and a battalion became actively engaged before Philippi, at Laurel hill and Carrick's ford. The remainder of the regiment on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad did equally honorable duty in the expedition of Romney and Red House, and in making a successful issue of the West Virginia campaign, with a loss of 1 man killed and 2 who died of disease. The term of enlistment having expired it was ordered home to be mustered out, which was done on August 18, 1861.

Sixteenth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonel, John F. De Courcy; Lieutenant-Colonels, George W. Bailey, Philip Kershner; Majors, Robert W. P. Muse, Milton Mills, Eli W. Botsford. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, Wooster and Zanesville, from September 23 to December 2, 1861, to serve for three years. It spent the first winter in Kentucky and the following April made a reconnoissance to the top of Cumberland mountains in the vicinity of Cumberland gap, where a brisk fight ensued in which the regiment lost 1 man killed and 2 wounded. On August 6 it took part in the unfortunate affair at Tazewell, Tennessee, but was overwhelmed and compelled to fall back. It also participated in the disastrous assault on Chickasaw bluffs, Mississippi, in which it suffered terribly, losing 311 officers and men, killed, wounded and prisoners. The next service performed by the regiment was in the expedition against Arkansas Post, in which it participated in the capture. It was engaged at Thompson's hill, losing g men killed and wounded, at Champion's hill and Black River bridge, and took a prominent part in the disastrous assault on the Confederate works in the rear of Vicksburg. In these several affairs the regiment lost severely in killed and wounded. It remained in the rear of Vicksburg until the surrender_ of the city, and was then ordered to Jackson, Mississippi, where it participated in the siege and capture of that place. It then was sent to Louisiana and at Alexandria met and engaged the enemy in several skirmishes. It remained in_ that vicinity, doing garrison duty and taking part in the Red River expedition, until in October, 1864, when it was ordered home and discharged from the service on October 31. The number of officers and men mustered out at the expiration of its term of service was 477, all that was left of '1,191, the total of original organization and recruits.

Seventeenth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, John M. Connell; Lieutenant-Colonel, Francis B. Pond; Major, Clemens F. Steel. The companies composing this regiment were enrolled as follows: A, April 27, F, April 22, at Lancaster; B. April 26, at Granville; C, April 19, at London: D, April 25, at Logan; E, April 27, at New Lexington; G, April 16, at Pleasant Valley; H, April 27, at McConnelsville; I, April 27, at Fort Recovery, and K, April 22, at St. Clairsville. The captains at once reported with their commands at Camp Anderson, Lancaster, where the regimental organization was completed and the drilling and equipment for the field was vigorously pushed. On June 5, the regiment was mustered into the service of the State of Ohio, for a period of three months, and under the second call for 300,000 men by the president it was immediately transferred to the U. S. service. On entering Virginia the regiment was divided, and served the government honorably, guarding provision trains, making river expeditions, operating against guerrillas, etc. On August 3, having overserved their time some days, the men were ordered home, arriving at Zanesville on August 13, where the regiment was mustered out at Camp Goddard two days later. The regiment suffered the loss of 3 men—1 drowned in Virginia, and 2 who died of disease.

Seventeenth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, John M. Connell, Durbin Ward; Lieutenant-Colonels, Marshall F. Moore, Benjamin Showers; Majors, Benjamin F. Butterfield, James W. Stinchcomb, Willis G. Clark. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, in September, 1861, to serve three years. It first participated in the Wild Cat fight in Kentucky and lost 7 men wounded. It participated in the siege of Corinth and was engaged in several severe skirmishes, in one of which Co. B, with 70 men, penetrated the Confederate lines, drove the pickets back on their reserves, and held the position for 2 hours, losing 2 men severely and 4 slightly wounded. The regiment went into the battle line on the Stone's river field and with its brigade charged the Confederate General Hanson's brigade, driving it in confusion, killing its general and some 150 of the rank and file. The loss of the 17th was 20 wounded. It moved with its brigade in the Tullahoma campaign, and at Hoover's gap charged the 17th Tennessee. Confederate regiment, strongly posted in a belt of woods, driving it back and occupying the position. At the battle of Chickamauga the regiment was on the extreme right of the center and when General Wood's division was double-quicked out of the line, the gap left exposed the right flank of the regiment, the Confederates opened fire both on the right flank and in front, causing it to lose heavily and scattering the men in confusion. Co. B, the only one of the regiment that retreated in a body, gave three cheers, sounded the rally for the regiment, gathered some 200 men together and charged on the enemy, but to little purpose, as the Confederates greatly outnumbered them. Falling back again, they held a given point and fought throughout that memorable day, leaving the field with but 52 men. The loss of the 17th in this battle in killed and wounded was over 200, not counting those with slight flesh wounds. Lieutenant-Colonel Ward fell about the middle of the afternoon, on the front line, badly wounded. At Missionary ridge, though in the rear line at the start, the regiment was in the front when the top of the hill was gained. It took only a subordinate part in the heavy skirmishing at Rocky Face ridge, but bore its full share in the battle of Resaca. At Kennesaw mountain the regiment suffered less than it had in previous actions of less importance, but the heat was so intense that many men were carried off prostrated by sun-stroke. At the battle of Peachtree creek the regiment was actively engaged, and it advanced under a galling fire of musketry and artillery to the assault on Jonesboro. The regiment followed Sherman through the Carolinas, took part in the battle of Bentonville, passed in review before the president at Washington, and was mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky, July 16, 1865.

Eighteenth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Timothy R. Stanley; Lieutenant-Colonel, William M. Bolles; Major, William H. Bisbee. The companies composing this organization were enrolled as follows: A, C and E, at Ironton April 22; B, April 17, at Marietta; D, April 18. at McArthur: F, April 22, at Gallipolis; I, April 24, at Jackson, and K, April 23, at Beverly. They were mustered into the state service as follows: Co. A, May 27, to date from April 19, and K, May 26, to date from April 23, at Camp Scott, Athens; B, May 28, to date from April 27, and G. May 29, to date from April 22, at Parkersburg, West Virginia; C. E and F, May 28, to date from April 22; D, May 28, to date from April 24; H and I, May 27, to date from April 23, all for a period of three months. Eight companies had been mustered into service when the regiment was ordered to move to Parkersburg, West Virginia, where, on May 29, the regimental organization was perfected. The following day the companies were sent to different points on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad between Parkersburg and Clarksburg, and served the general government guarding railroad property, supplying guards and escorts for supply trains, and building a telegraph line to Rich mountain (following General McClellan's forces). This service, though important, was uneventful in history-making. There was no assembly of the entire regiment from that time until a few days before muster-out. The president having called in the meantime for three-year volunteers, the regiment was promptly transferred to the U. S. service. Its term being about to expire it was ordered home to be mustered out, which took place on August 28, 1861. It lost 2 men, 1 having died of disease, and the other having been killed in a railroad accident. Eighteenth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Timothy R. Stanley, Charles H. Grosvenor; Lieutenant-Colonels, Josiah Given, John M. Benedict; Majors, Johnson M. Welch, Robert Chappell. This regiment was organized at Athens, from August 16 to September 28, 1861, to serve for three years. It was mustered out November 9, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the veterans and recruits consolidated with the veterans and recruits of the 35th Ohio infantry, the consolidated force being designated the 18th Veteran Ohio infantry. The 18th veteran regiment was organized October 31, 1864, by consolidation of the veterans and recruits of the 1st, 2nd, 18th, 24th and 35th Ohio infantry. The regiment, 930 strong, moved into Kentucky and saw its first service in the occupation of Bowling Green. It next participated in a similar proceeding at Huntsville, Alabama. At Bridgeport the regiment was attacked by Scott's Confederate cavalry, 600 strong with 3 pieces of artillery, yet the enemy was held in check for 3 hours. At Limestone bridge a spirited fight occurred, in which the regiment lost 3 killed and several wounded. On August 29, 1862, Cos. A and I of the 18th Ohio, and D of the 9th Mich., were attacked at a stockade near Manchester, Tennessee, by Forrest, but the Confederates were soon repulsed, losing about 100 men, without the loss of a man on the Federal side. At a critical moment at the battle of Stone's river, the regiment charged into the woods filled with Confederates and checked their advance. Upon the second day of the fight General Rousseau ordered Colonel Stanley to take his brigade across the stream. It was a fearful thing to do, but the order was executed. An order to charge was given and the enemy flew panic-stricken, leaving 4 pieces of artillery. In June the regiment accompanied the advance on Tullahoma and on September 11, at Dug gap, it confronted Bragg* s army. It went gallantly through the battle of Chickamauga, making several brilliant charges. After the reorganization the command was got together in time for the battle of Nashville, in which it rendered signal service and took part in the bloody and finally successful assault upon Overton hill. It lost 4 officers out of 7 and 75 men killed and wounded out of less than 200. Attached to General Steedman's command, the 18th followed Hood's defeated forces to Huntsville, and two days later assisted in the capture of Decatur. The summer of 1865 found the regiment stationed at Augusta, Georgia, until October 9, when the order for muster out came and in a few days the regiment was on its way to Columbus, Ohio, where on October 22, 1865, the men scattered to their homes.

Nineteenth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Samuel Beatty; Lieutenant-Colonel, Eliott W. Hollingsworth; Major, Lewis P. Buckley. This organization was composed of recruits from several counties who were enrolled under the president's call for 75,000 troops for three months, as follows: Co. A, April 27, at Canton; B. April 27, at Youngstown; C, April 24, at Warren; D, April 25, at Morgan; E, April 24, at New Lisbon; F, April 24, at Chardon; G, April 22, at Akron; H, April 22, at Salem; I, April 27, at Ashtabula, and K, April 27, at Akron. The companies at once left their homes for Camp Taylor, Cleveland, where they remained until May 27, when they repaired by rail to Columbus and occupied Camp Jackson. Here the regimental organization was perfected by the election of field officers and on May 29 the entire regiment was mustered into the service of the State of Ohio for a period of three months. The mustering of the regiment completed, Cos. A and B were immediately equipped and sent to Bellaire, where they were on duty guarding a ferry. On June 3 they left for Glover's gap and Mannington, where they performed similar duty until June 20, when they joined the regiment at Bellaire. The next day the 19th embarked on steamers for Parkersburg, West Virginia, arriving there on June 23 and was made a part of General Rosecrans' brigade. On June 25 it moved by rail to Clarksburg and became a part of General McClellan's "Provisional Army of West Virginia." On the 29th it left Clarksburg with the advance and made its first real march, reaching Buckhannon on July 2, and Roaring creek July 7, encamping in front of the fortified Confederate position at Rich mountain. It distinguished itself in the fight at Rich mountain by the cool and handsome manner in which it held its post against a flank attack. On July 23, its term of service having expired, it was ordered home to be mustered out, arriving at Columbus, July 27, with a loss of only 1 man, who died of disease. The last company was mustered out on August 31, 1861.

Nineteenth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Samuel Beatty, Charles F. Manderson; Lieutenant-Colonels, Elliott W. Hollingsworth, Henry G. Stratton, James M. Nash; Majors, Timothy D. Edwards, William H. Allen, Solomon J. Firestone. The following statement concerning the 19th is taken from the Official Army Register: "This regiment was organized at Alliance, Ohio, from September 25, 1861, to January 1, 1862, to serve three years. On the expiration of its term of service the original members (except veterans) were mustered out, and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, retained in service until October 24, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department." It took part in the battle of Shiloh, the occupation of Corinth and the engagements at Stone's river, Liberty gap, Chickamauga, Missionary ridge, Rocky Face ridge, Cassville, Pickett's mills, Kennesaw mountain, Hood's First Sortie at Atlanta, Lovejoy's Station, Franklin, and Nashville. General J. T. Boyle, commanding the brigade, said of the 19th at the battle of Shiloh: "The colonel and Captain Manderson (acting major) held their men steady and deported themselves as did their officers and men, with coolness and courage until the colonel ordered them back to a position from under the fire of the enemy's battery. This position was held until the guns of the enemy were silenced by the well-directed fire of Captain Bartlett's battery. Major Edwards (acting lieutenant-colonel) was shot dead from his horse and a number of privates were killed and wounded." The regiment entered the battle of Stone's river with 449 men and lost in killed, wounded and missing, 213—nearly one-half. The aggregate loss of the regiment at Chickamauga was 100 men killed, wounded and missing. In the charge at Missionary ridge it lost 1 man killed and 13 wounded. Seventy men were killed or wounded in the action at Lovejoy's Station, and the entire loss of the regiment in the Atlanta campaign was: killed, 2 commissioned officers and 28 men; wounded, 6 commissioned officers and o6 men; missing, 13 men; total, 145.

Twentieth Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Thomas Morton; Lieutenant-Colonel, John W. Cruikshank; Major, Charles N. Lamison. The companies composing this organization were enrolled as follows: A and F, April 20, at Lima; B, April 19. at Oxford; C and D, April 22, at Eaton; E, April 17, at St. Mary's; G, April 25, at Chesterville; H, April 27, at Sidney; I, April 22, at Steubenville, and K, April 25, at Columbus. Cos. A, B, C, D, I and K were ordered to Camp Jackson, Columbus, and E, F, G and H to Camp Goddard, Zanesville. The quota being full under the president's first call for 75,000 troops, the muster and regimental organization was delayed for several weeks, until the companies were mustered into state service. After being mustered in the six companies at Camp Jackson joined the remainder of the regiment at Zanesville and there the regimental organization was formed and the equipment and drilling for the field actively engaged in until early in June, when it was ordered to move to Virginia. Arriving at Bellaire, it crossed the Ohio river to Benwood, and was distributed along the line of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad as far as Grafton, with headquarters at Fairmount . The regiment performed a large amount of marching and guard duty, and rendered valuable service to the government in assisting to stay the progress of the Confederates, who were endeavoring to carry the war into the North. Its entire service was in this direction, with the exception of one expedition made to counteract the retreat of the Confederates from Carrick's ford. It would have been successful in this expedition if the news had not been carried to the enemy of its approach. The regiment then being on top of Knobby mountain, the Confederates at once broke camp and moved towards Petersburg. Its term of enlistment about to expire, the regiment moved back on the railroad for a few days and was then ordered home to be mustered out, which was done on August 18, 1861. The casualties during its brief period of service were 2 killed in a railroad accident, 1 died from accidental gunshot wound, and 7 died of disease.

Twentieth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Charles Whittlesey, Manning F. Force; Lieutenant-Colonels, James N. McElroy, John C. Fry, Harrison Wilson; Majors, Edward C. Downs, Francis M. Shaklee, Peter Weatherby. This regiment was organized at Columbus, from August 19 to September 21, 1861, to serve for three years. During the winter it was employed in guarding several batteries in the rear of Covington and Newport, Ky. In February, 1862, it participated in the battle of Fort Donelson, Tennessee, with no little credit to every man. It also participated in the battle of Shiloh, with considerable loss, and it is fully entitled to a share in the glory of that victory. On August 30, 1862, the Confederate General Armstrong, with fifteen regiments marching to destroy railroad communications northward, was held in check the entire day at Bolivar, Tennessee, by the 20th Ohio, a portion of the 78th Ohio, and two companies of the 2nd 11l. cavalry. The regiment assisted in driving Price from Iuka, and in the engagement between Hurlburt and Price at Big Hatchie river, it arrived on the field at 4 p. m., with a wagon train loaded with supplies, having marched 28 miles since 10 a. m. The regiment moved south the following spring, and in the battle of Raymond, Mississippi, distinguished itself, losing in the engagement 12 killed and 52 wounded. At Champion's hill, though the adjoining regiments on each flank were pushed back as the enemy moved up in mass, the 20th held its ground without wavering till its ammunition was exhausted, then fixed bayonets and prepared to maintain its position, but the 65th Ohio came to its assistance from the reserve and the enemy was driven back. Crossing the Big Black river, the regiment reached the rear of Vicksburg and acted as support to the assaulting party. After the fall of Vicksburg it camped at Bovina Station, but was shortly ordered to join Sherman's army besieging Jackson. In January, 1864. two-thirds of the men present reenlisted, and in February the regiment crossed the Big Black and joined the celebrated Meridian expedition. After being furloughed home, the regiment joined Sherman's army in the Atlanta campaign and was engaged in the assault upon Kennesaw mountain. It marched with its corps to the month of Nickajack creek and a few days later reached the Confederate works before Atlanta. In the engagement of July 22, the regiment lost 44 killed, 56 wounded and 54 missing, and instances of personal daring were numerous. In the battle of Jonesboro the regiment was on the left of the 15th corps, at a right-angle to the main line as "refused flank," and in this position was greatly annoyed by a heavy artillery fire. On September 2 it took position on a hill near Lovejoy's Station, where it remained for several days, exposed to some annoyance from the enemy's sharpshooters, and finally settled down in camp on the East Point road near Atlanta. It left Atlanta with Sherman's army; participated in the siege of Savannah; then up through the Carolinas until the surrender of Lee and Johnston put an end to its war career. Leaving Raleigh on May 1, the regiment marched via Richmond to Washington; thence was sent to Louisville, Kentucky, and then to Columbus, where it was mustered out on July 15, 1865.

Twenty-first Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, Jesse S. Norton; Lieutenant-Colonel, James M. Neibling; Major, A. J. Taylor. The companies composing this organization were enrolled as follows: A, F and G, April 19, 20 and 26, respectively, at Findlay; B, April 23, at Gilead; C, April 25, at Perrysburg; D, April 20, at Ottawa; E, April 20, at Kalida; H, April 23, at Fostoria; I, April 26, at Elmore, and K, April 24, at Defiance. They at once proceeded to Camp Taylor, Cleveland, where the regimental organization was formed, and active preparation made for the field. When the quota under the first call had been filled, it was found by the state officials that nine full regiments were in camp and had to be cared for—the 21st being one of them. Ohio being a border state and liable to invasion, these additional troops were mustered into the state service to provide more effectually for defense. On May 23, the regiment moved to Gallipolis, stopping at Columbus for arms and accouterments. It remained in camp until July 3, when it was ordered to Ravenswood, West Virginia, by General McClellan, to reinforce other troops there, expecting an attack from O. J. Wise, whose forces were at Ripley. It made a forced march to Ripley, surprised and drove the Confederates away, and then returned to Gallipolis by steamer. On July 11, it became part of General Cox's brigade and marched to Red House, on the Kanawha river, where it was ordered to make a reconnoissance for the purpose of discovering the Confederate position. It performed gallant duty at Scarey creek, where Colonel Norton led the forces in a successful bayonet charge and received a painful wound through the hips. The enemy was reinforced and advanced his column, capturing Colonel Norton and Lieutenant Brown, of the 12th Ohio, who remained with the colonel and the other wounded. The regiment's loss in this battle was 2 killed, 2 mortally, and a number slightly wounded. It remained in the field under Lieutenant Colonel Neibling, until ordered home to be mustered out, which occurred on August 12, i86t, at Columbus. Its casualties during its term of service was 4 men killed in battle, 3 drowned and 8 died of disease.

Twenty-first Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Jesse S. Norton, James M. Neibling; Lieutenant-Colonels, Dwella M. Stoughton, Arnold McMahon; Majors, Samuel A. Strong, George F. Walker. This regiment was organized at Findlay on September 19, 1861, to serve for three years. It received marching orders a few days thereafter, was supplied with arms at Camp Dennison on October 2, and marched the same day for Nicholasville, Kentucky. During that campaign no engagement occurred, excepting that at Ivy mountain, in which the Confederates attempted an ambush, but were foiled and whipped, mainly through a flank movement executed by the 21st. In General O. M. Mitchel's division it marched on Bowling Green, driving the Confederates from that strong position. It participated in the movement on Huntsville, Alabama, driving the Confederates out, capturing 300 prisoners, 16 locomotives, and a large number of freight and passenger cars. At La Vergne, Tennessee, during the siege of Nashville, the regiment captured a part of the 3d Alabama rifle regiment, with their colors, camp and garrison equipage, and 54 horses. The 21st was engaged in the fighting at Stone's river, first in the center and then on the left of the army. In the last day of the fight it charged across the river, through water waist-deep, and captured 3 brass field-pieces, the only artillery captured in the battle. In this battle the regiment lost 1 officer and 46 men killed, 76 wounded and 17 captured. Then the regiment moved with the army upon the enemy at Tullahoma and was also engaged at Dug gap. It took part in the hottest of the fighting on both of the days at Chickamauga, expending in this battle 43,550 rounds of Colt's fixed ammunition and sustaining a loss of 1 officer and 50 men killed, 3 officers and 98 men wounded, 12 officers and 104 men captured. It also was present at the battle of Missionary ridge. The remnant of the regiment veteranized, was furloughed home, and the following spring joined Sherman's grand army upon the campaign to Atlanta. Fighting soon commenced, and the regiment opened its veteran campaign with the battles of Buzzard Roost and Resaca. Moving forward the regiment was present at the battle of New Hope Church, and in capturing a ridge which had been abandoned without a fight on the evening before. Co. K sustained a loss of 4 men killed and 2 wounded. Skirmishing continued daily until the enemy presented front at Kennesaw mountain, and the 21st was engaged at this point every day, holding the front line at Bald knob for twelve days and nights in succession, at which point 3 men were killed and 10 wounded. In a severe engagement at Vining's station the regiment lost 15 men killed, 2 officers and 37 men wounded and 1 officer missing. Having crossed the Chattahoochee river, the regiment again engaged the enemy at Nancy's creek and continued to engage him until the battle of Peachtree creek was fought. During the siege of Atlanta the 21st was engaged with the enemy on several occasions and was under fire every day. At the battle of Jonesboro it was again engaged and added new laurels to its character as a fighting regiment, its loss in this battle being 5 killed, 30 wounded and 1 missing. The total loss of the regiment in this campaign, from May 7 to the occupation of Atlanta, September 2, was 2 officers and 32 men killed, and 5 officers and 119 men wounded, many of whom subsequently died. The regiment then moved with Sherman to the sea and from December 12 to 20 was engaged with the enemy's outposts before Savannah, entering the city the following morning in advance of its army corps. It was engaged at Rocky Mount, S. C., at Averasboro, N. C., and participated in the battle of Bentonville, which was the last hostile meeting of the regiment with the enemy. It returned to Washington, via Richmond, was present at the grand review, and then proceeded to Louisville, Kentucky, where it was mustered out on July 25, 1865.

Twenty-second Infantry.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, William E. Gilmore; Lieutenant-Colonel, John A. Turley; Major, Julius A. Penn. The several companies composing this organization were enrolled as follows: A, April 16, and C, April 21, at Chillicothe; B, April 21, and H, April 13 to May 2, at Athens; G, May 4 to 12, at Portsmouth; E, April 23, at Batavia; F, April 20, at Washington C. H.; I, April 24, at Felicity, and K, April 26, at Greenfield. The companies arrived at Camp Jackson, Columbus, when it was soon learned that the quota under the first call had been filled and that nine additional regiments were in camp in excess of the quota. The state being on the border and liable to invasion at any moment by the enemy, it was decided that they should be held as state troops and accordingly this regiment was mustered into state service for a period of three months. The regimental organization being complete, it left Camp Jackson on May 30, en route to Parkersburg, West Virginia, under orders. Near Raysville, Vinton county, there was a railroad accident, in which 4 men lost their lives, and 14 others were injured so badly that

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Ohio Regiments 375 they were never able to rejoin the regiment for duty. Arriving at Parkersburg, it fortified Jackson's hill and the approaches to the bridge on the Kanawha river. It remained at Parkersburg some days, when reinforcements arrived and it moved to Burning Spring and Elizabethtown to protect the lives and property of Union citizens that were in danger. It dispersed the marauders and from there sent the first prisoners of the war to Camp Chase. It next marched to Three Forks and scattered a body of the enemy just forming a camp. It then made a forced march to Glenville to reinforce three companies of the 7th Ohio, who were in danger of being captured. At Glenville several detachments went on expeditions into the mountains of Gilmer, Calhoun and Braxton counties to break up Confederate organizations. This service and guarding the important bridges, trestles and tunnels of the railroads were zealously and faithfully performed throughout its term. The 22nd was connected with no other part of the army. It was in no considerable engagements, but had several small skirmishes with bands of the enemy, and aside from the railroad accident above mentioned, its casualties were slight— only 2 men wounded. Its term of service being about to expire, it was ordered home to be mustered out of service, which occurred on August 19, 1861.

Twenty-second Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, Crafts J. Wright, Oliver Wood; Lieutenant-Colonels, Joseph Felix St. James, Benjamin T. Wright, Homer Thrall; Majors, Charles W. Anderson, George R. French. This regiment, although originally known as the 13th Missouri, organized at St. Louis, from August 9 to November 5, 1861, to serve for three years, was commanded by Ohio officers and its ranks filled mainly by soldiers from this state. Its designation was changed to the 22nd Ohio infantry by order of the secretary of war, May 29, 1862. Its first baptism of fire was at Fort Donelson, Tennessee, and in that engagement the regiment behaved very creditably. At Shiloh the numerical force of the regiment was 450 officers and men and during the two days of that well-contested battle it was warmly engaged, losing in killed and wounded 89 officers and men. In the slow and tedious advance on Corinth, succeeding the battle of Shiloh, the regiment was continually in the front. On the evacuation of Corinth by the enemy it marched with the army to Booneville, Mississippi, in pursuit and then returned to Corinth. It joined in the pursuit of the Confederates after their attempt to recapture the place had been repulsed in October, but, like the whole army engaged in that fruitless race, gained no laurels. While on garrison duty at Trenton, Tennessee, in Dec, 1862, a detachment of the 22nd captured the notorious guerrilla chief, Colonel Dawson, who afterward died in the Alton (11l.) penitentiary. The regiment participated in the occupation of Little Rock, Arkansas, in September, 1863, and during the year following remained on guard duty in that state. In October, 1864, it received orders to report at Camp Dennison, Ohio, to complete its record and be mustered out of service, which was done on November 18.

Twenty-third Infantry.—Colonels, William S. Rosecrans, E. Parker Scammon, Rutherford B. Hayes, James M. Comly; Lieutenant-Colonels, Stanley Matthews, Russell Hastings; Majors, James P. Mcllrath, Edward M. Carey, Harry Thompson. This regiment was organized at Columbus, from June 1, 1861, to March 23, 1862, to serve for three years. It left the state in July, 1861, for western Virginia and was at once launched into the arena of war. It was in line of battle at Carnifix ferry in September and engaged in sharp skirmishing with the enemy. The winter of i86i_ was devoted to recruiting, drill and discipline. At Princeton, the following May, the regiment was attacked by four regiments of the enemy's infantry and 6 pieces of artillery, but made a determined stand, and when overwhelmed and forced to retire did so in good order, fighting as it went. It proceeded to the city of Washington in September and a few days after its arrival was ordered to Maryland, where it took part in the battles of South mountain and Antietam. At South mountain it lost nearly 200, of whom almost one-fourth was killed on the field or afterward died of their wounds. In November, 1862, the regiment went into winter quarters in the Great Kanawha valley and remained there until March, when it was ordered to Charleston, West Virginia, and remained at that place until July, performing little or no duty with the exception of a few scouts, an advance as far as Raleigh, West Virginia, and its participation in the movements against the Morgan raid in July. In the last-named affair the regiment performed good service in heading off Morgan's band on the line of the Ohio river at Buffington island and near Hockingport, picking up a number of the guerrillas as they attempted to cross the river. The regiment then returned to Charleston and lay there in camp until the spring of 1864, when the battle of Cloyd's mountain was fought. In May there was an affair at New River bridge, in which the regiment participated. It then started on the long march to Lynchburg and the subsequent retreat from that place. It then engaged in the battle of Winchester in July, in which the Federal forces were defeated after a well-contested fight that continued from early in the morning until 9 o'clock at night. The 23d lost in this engagement 153 men, 10 of whom were commissioned officers. Nothing of importance transpired until in September at Berryville, where the regiment was sent out on picket. A general engagement was brought on, in which there was desperate fighting. After the usual amount of marching and countermarching the battle of Opequan was fought, in which the regiment captured about 200 men. On October 19, occurred the battle of Cedar creek, in which a defeat was turned into victory by the timely arrival of General Sheridan. The following winter was spent in West Virginia, and the collapse of the Southern Confederacy in the spring made the regiment's services no longer required. It was therefore mustered out on July 26, 1865.

Twenty-fourth Infantry.—Colonels, Jacob Ammen, Frederick C. Jones, David J. Higgins; Lieutenant-Colonels, Samuel A. Gilbert; Lucien C . Buttles, Albert S. Hall, Armstead T. M. Cockerill; Majors, Shelton Sturgess, Henry Terry, Thomas M. McClure, William B. Sturges. This regiment was organized at Camps Chase and Jackson, from May 29 to June 17, 1861, to serve for three years. It left Camp Chase for the field on July 26 and reached Cheat mountain, Virginia, on August 14, there joining the 14th Ind., which had been on duty at this mountain pass for some weeks. At this place, on September 11, in its first engagement, the 24th gave indications of that coolness and discipline for which the regiment was at a later period distinguished. Its loss was only 2 wounded. The next engagement in which it took part was at Greenbrier, where it was exposed to a heavy fire of shell, grape and canister, but stood firm and lost only 2 killed and 3 wounded. Being transferred to the western field of operations, it took part in the battle of Shiloh, not only sustaining its former reputation, but adding new laurels. The loss here was small, considering the desperate nature of the conflict, amounting only to 4 killed and 28 enlisted men wounded. It took part in most of the skirmishes between Pittsburg Landing and Corinth, and was one of the first regiments to enter the latter place. It was at the battle of Perryville, but being on the extreme right did not take part in the general engagement. Reduced by sickness, desertion and other losses to 13 officers and 340 men, it went into the battle of Stone's river, where its loss was heavy, the regiment having been assigned an important position and held it faithfully. It lost in this battle one-fourth of the entire number engaged. It was next in the affair at Woodbury, but its loss there was small. After a long rest through the spring and summer, it advanced with the army on Tullahoma and was then on duty at Manchester, Tennessee, until the advance on Chattanooga. It was in the battle of Chickamauga, with a loss of a large number of men; in the engagement at Lookout mountain; fought at Missionary ridge, and participated in the affair at Taylor's ridge, near Ringgold. In April, 1864, the regiment was sent to Chattanooga to await orders for mustering out, and in June proceeded to Columbus, where it was mustered out on June 24, 1864.

Twenty-fifth Infantry.—Colonels, James A. Jones, William P. Richardson; Lieutenant-Colonels, George Webster, James F. Charlesworth, Jeremiah Williams, Nathaniel Haughton; Majors, John W. Bowlus, Carrington E. Randall, Edward C. Culp. "This regiment was organized at Columbus, Ohio, in June and July, 1861, to serve three years. Co. D was permanently detached as the 12th battery, Ohio light artillery, March 17, 1862. A new company was organized in October, 1864, to serve one year, and assigned to this regiment as Co. D. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out July 16, 1864, and Co. D October 16, 1865, by reason of expiration of term of service. The organization, composed of veterans and recruits, was retained in service until June 18, 1866, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department." (Official Army Register.) It fought at Cheat mountain, Greenbrier, Camp Allegheny, Huntersville, Monterey, McDowell, Cross Keys, Freeman's ford, Second Battle of Bull Run, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Hagerstown, Fort Wagner, Honey hill, Deveaux neck, Gregory^ landing, occupation of Charleston, Swift creek, and several minor actions. At Greenbrier, West Virginia, the regiment was the last to leave the field; at Camp Allegheny it lost 9 killed and 75 severely wounded; it opened the battle of McDowell, Virginia, by a charge, in which the enemy was driven from his position, and remained until the last regiment had retired, when it covered the retreat, its loss in the engagement being 9 killed and 56 wounded. At Cross Keys its loss was 8 killed, 54 wounded and 2 missing, and in the second battle of Bull Run 10 killed, 78 wounded and 22 missing. In the engagement at Chancellorsville, out of 444 men engaged its total loss was 174. It went into action at Gettysburg with 220 men and lost 20 killed, 113 wounded and 50 missing, the majority of the officers having been killed or wounded, and at the close of the battle the regiment was commanded by a first lieutenant. At Honey hill, S. C., the regiment's loss in killed and wounded was 150, and of these 16 were commissioned officers. At Deveaux neck and Gregory's landing it lost 54 men killed and wounded.

Twenty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Edward P. Fyffe; Lieutenant-Colonels, Ephraim R Eckley, William H. Young, William H. Squires, William Clark; Majors, Christopher Degenfeld, Norris T. Peatman, James A. Spence. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, from June 8 to July 24, 1861, to serve for three years. As soon as the organization was complete it was ordered to the upper Kanawha valley, where it performed its first service. Being then transferred to the western field it was present at the battle of Shiloh. In the advance from that place through the swamps of northern Mississippi upon Corinth, it occupied the front line and was among the first to enter the place. In the memorable forced marches of Buell and Bragg, from the Tennessee to the Ohio, and thence toward Cumberland gap in the fall of 1862, the 26th performed its whole duty. At the battle of Stone's river the 26th was one of several regiments which stood firm against the charge of the Confederates when three-fourths of the Federal forces on the right had given way and were in full flight, and though for many hours the heavily-massed columns of the enemy were hurled against them, they still stood their ground, the 26th Ohio forming the apex of that little convex line of battle that all Bragg’s victorious army could not break nor bend. At this time the command lost one-third of its strength in killed and wounded. At Chickamauga the regiment was in the thickest and bloodiest of the fight and acquitted itself with honor. Its loss in killed and wounded was very severe, being nearly three-fifths of the number engaged. At the storming of Missionary ridge it also maintained its good reputation, capturing about 50 prisoners and 2 cannon. The regiment suffered at this time a loss of about one-fourth of its strength in killed and wounded. By the close of 1863 the regiment had been reduced by arduous service from 1,000 to less than 200 rifles, yet this small remnant, with elbows out, trousers worn half way to the knees, socks and shirts gone to threads, hungry and shivering in the bitter January cold, almost to a man, reenlisted for three years more! Returning to the field at the expiration of its furlough, the regiment joined General Sherman for his movement on Atlanta, marched with its corps and participated in that arduous campaign. It was at Resaca, Kennesaw mountain, Peachtree creek, Jonesboro, and the minor engagements of that march, always maintaining its splendid fighting reputation. In the race that ensued, with Nashville as the goal, the 26th bore a part and again had the honor of contending with the Confederate forces. Then the regiment was sent into the Texas campaign and after remaining in that state for the better part of a year it was mustered out at Victoria, October 21, 1865.

Twenty-seventh Infantry.—Colonels, John W. Fuller, Mendal Churchill; Lieutenant-Colonels, Henry G. Kennett, Swift Spaulding, Edwin Nichols, Isaac N. Gilrath; Major, James P. Simpson. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase from July 15 to August 18, 1861, to serve for three years. On the morning of August 20, the regiment marched out of camp, 950 strong, and took the cars for St. Louis, Missouri. In December it shared in the capture of 1,300 recruits, who were endeavoring to join the Confederate General Price. The regiment was actively engaged during the siege of New Madrid and after the surrender of the town remained in camp about two weeks, constantly engaged in drilling. It then moved to Island No. 10, assisting in the capture of that place, and a few weeks later moved to the vicinity of Fort Pillow. During the siege of Corinth it was repeatedly under fire and in every instance behaved well. It was a part of the force sent to recapture Iuka in September and participated in the fight at that place. In the following engagement at Corinth it was in the heat of the conflict and lost about 60 men. It was with the brigade that encountered Forrest at Parker's cross-roads, Tennessee, and took an active part in the engagement at that place, capturing 7 guns, 360 prisoners and 400 horses. At the close of 1863 the soldiers of the 27th reenlisted as veterans and after their furlough home in May, 1864, joined the main army at Chattanooga. It was engaged with Hood's corps at Dallas; skirmished at Big Shanty; fought at Kennesaw mountain, losing heavily, both in officers and men; participated in the action at Nickajack creek, advancing at the head of a division with fixed bayonets and charging the Confederate works with complete success. On July 22, before Atlanta, the regiment was engaged in one of its most severe battles, and sustained its heaviest loss. From the time it left Chattanooga till the fall of Atlanta the regiment had lost 16 officers and 201 men, only 6 of whom were reported "missing." This was a loss of more than half the men present for duty when the regiment left Chattanooga. It pursued Hood northward, then marched with Sherman to the sea, skirmishing near Savannah with slight loss. It shared in the campaign of the Carolinas and at the crossing of the Salkehatchie river literally hewed its way through forest and swamp, with water nearly up to the waist, for more than a mile, and was among the first to find a way to cross the river. At Cheraw it was the first regiment to enter the town, skirmishing with the Confederate cavalry, driving them through the streets and across the Pedee river. At Bentonville, N. C., Monroe's division, to which the 27th belonged, attacked the enemy's left and pushed forward so vigorously that the skirmish line was at General Johnston's headquarters before they were aware of it. The regiment was mustered out of service on July 11, 1865.

Twenty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, Augustus Moor; Lieutenant-Colonels, Gottfried Becker, Alexander Bohlender; Majors, Rudolph Heintz, Ernest Schache. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, from June 10, 1861, to March 1, 1862, to serve for three years. It moved to Point Pleasant, Virginia, July 31, and to Parkersburg on August 10, 1861. Its first engagement was at Carnifix ferry, where it lost 3 killed and 27 wounded. It was actively engaged in the affair at Princeton the following May, and having been sent to the vicinity of Washington, D. C., was ordered to force an entrance to Frederick City and drive the Confederates out of the town, which was accomplished after a sharp contest. At the battle of South mountain the Kanawha division, which included the 28th, bore the brunt of the battle. At Antietam the regiment was the first to ford the creek above the stone bridge, and it remained in front of the 9th corps in skirmish-line all night. It lost 42 killed and wounded. The following year was spent in the district of West Virginia, and in November, 1863, the regiment was in the affair at Droop mountain, where the Confederates were routed. In April, 1864, the regiment was ordered to join the army of the Shenandoah and in May participated in the battle of Newmarket. It bore a prominent part in the battle of Piedmont, in which 1,300 prisoners were captured and about the same number of the enemy were killed and wounded. The 28th lost 33 killed and 105 wounded out of 484 combatants, 2 color-bearers being killed and 3 wounded in quick succession, and the regimental flag was perforated by 72 balls and pieces of shell. The term of service expiring in July, the regiment was ordered to Cincinnati, where it received a cordial welcome and was honorably discharged on July 23, 1864. The regiment lost while in the field, 2 officers killed, 7 wounded; 90 men killed, 162 wounded, and 175 disabled by disease, making a total of 434.

Twenty-ninth Infantry—Colonels, Lewis P. Buckley, William T. Fitch; Lieutenant-Colonels, Thomas Clark, Edward Hayes, Jonas Schoonover; Majors, John S. Clemmer, Myron T. Wright, Everson J. Hurlbert. This regiment was organized from August 14, 1861, to March 13, 1862, at Jefferson, to serve for three years. The regiment remained in camp until January 17, 1862, when it was ordered to Cumberland, Maryland. It participated with the Army of the Potomac in the battles of Winchester, Port Republic, Cedar mountain, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. In the spring of 1864 it joined the Atlanta campaign and participated in the battles of Dug gap, New Hope Church, Dallas, Pine knob, and Peachtree creek. Then it followed Sherman to the sea and up through the Carolinas, participating in the grand review, and was mustered out at Cleveland, July 13, 1865.

Thirtieth Infantry.—Colonels, John Groesbeck, Hugh Ewing, Theodore Jones; Lieutenant-Colonels, George H. Hildt, Emerson P. Brooks; Majors, John Ferguson, David Cunningham, Charles Townsend. This regiment was organized at Columbus, in August, 1861, to serve for three years. It was armed and equipped immediately and on August 30 was ordered to the field. The next day found the regiment at Benwood, Virginia, and on September 2 it reached Clarksburg. Two companies were left at Big Birch bottoms and the remainder of the regiment moved on to Carnifix Ferry, where a sharp engagement took place. During the winter the regiment worked upon fortifications, which were upon several occasions of signal benefit to the army. In the following August it joined the army in eastern Virginia and participated in the severe engagement at South mountain, losing 18 men killed and 48 wounded. At Antietam the regiment lost t commissioned officers killed and 2 wounded, 8 men killed and 37 wounded. Being transferred to the western field of operations, from May 18, 1863, until the surrender of Vicksburg it was engaged in demonstrations against the enemy's works and in fatigue and picket duty. The casualties of the 30th during the siege were 1 commissioned officer killed and 6 wounded, 6 men Jailed and 48 wounded. After the surrender of Vicksburg the regiment marched to Jackson and upon the evacuation of that place by the Confederates it returned as far as the Big Black river and went into camp. September 24 found it in position in front of Missionary ridge and the next day, in company with a detachment of the 4th West Virginia, it assaulted and carried the outer line of the enemy's works. Later in the day the 30th and 37th Ohio made two unsuccessful assaults on the works on Tunnel hill, the 30th losing 39 men killed and wounded. Veteranizing and being furloughed home, it rejoined the army at the beginning of the Atlanta campaign and was under fire at Dallas and at Kennesaw mountain. In an attack at the latter place on June 27 it lost 35 men killed and wounded. In the engagement at Atlanta on July 22, it lost 27 men in killed, wounded and prisoners. On the 28th the regiment maintained its ground manfully and lost 30 men killed and wounded. The enemy abandoned a stand of colors under the regiment's fire and 105 dead Confederates were picked up in its immediate front. In the engagement at Jonesboro the 30th lost 25 killed and wounded. On December 13, it was in front of Fort McAllister, where at a given signal all moved forward to the crest of the works and engaged the enemy in a hand-to-hand conflict. The regiment then participated in the Carolina campaign, and after the surrender of Lee and Johnston it was retained on guard duty until August 13, 1865, when it was mustered out.

Thirty-first Infantry.—Colonel, Moses B. Walker; Lieutenant-Colonels, Cyrus W. Grant, Frederick W. Lister, Milton B. W. Harmon; Majors, Samuel L. Leffingwell, John W. Free. This regiment was organized at Columbus, in August and September, 1861, to serve for three years. It left the state on September 30 and on October 2 reached Camp Dick Robinson, Kentucky, where a regular course of drill began, which rendered the regiment more efficient. It became attached to Buell's army and was in the advance toward Corinth, during which it was engaged frequently in skirmishing with the Confederates. It participated in the siege and was engaged at times quite warmly. In July the regiment was divided into detachments, two companies being sent to Decatur and one to Trinity. The latter detachment, consisting of 28 men, was attacked by a force of some 200 or 300 mounted Confederates. The attack was repulsed, but one-half of the detachment was killed or wounded. Participating in the march to Louisville the regiment was under fire at the battle of Perryville, but was not actively engaged. It was actively engaged, however, at the battle of Stone's river, where it acquitted itself nobly. The regiment then enjoyed a few months' rest and in June it started on the Tullahoma campaign. It was engaged at Hoover's gap and, in connection with the 17th Ohio, carried a position defended by two Confederate brigades. The regiment was engaged on both days at Chickamauga and suffered severely. Its next engagement was Brown's ferry and then followed Missionary ridge, where it was among the foremost regiments to bear the loyal standard into the enemy's works. About this time the regiment reenlisted, received a furlough of 30 days, and in the following spring it marched on the Atlanta campaign. It was engaged in an assault on the enemy's line in front of Resaca and lost heavily. It participated in all the important engagements of the campaign except the battle of Jonesboro, then moved with Sherman's army to the sea, thence up through the Carolinas, and was mustered out on July 20, 1865.

Thirty-second Infantry.—Colonels, Thomas H. Ford, Benjamin F. Potts, Jefferson J. Hibbetts; Lieutenant-Colonels, Ebenezer H. Swinney, Robert H. Bentley, Sheldon Guthrie; Majors, Sylvester M. Hewitt, Abraham M. Crumbecker, Isaac B. Post. This regiment was organized near Mansfield, from August 20 to September 20, 1861, to serve three years. Its first assignment was in western Virginia. In October it made a forward movement and led the advance of the army through the mountains and pines of that region by night against Greenbrier, and in December accompanied General Milroy in his advance on Camp Alleghany. In his report General Milroy complimented the regiment very highly on its gallantry and good conduct in its charge into the camp of the enemy. The loss of the regiment in this affair was 4 killed and 14 wounded, some severely. On the return from this expedition it was ordered to Beverly, where it remained the rest of that severe winter. At the battle of McDowell the following May the 32nd lost 6 killed and 53 wounded, some mortally, being the last regiment to leave the field. In Fremont's pursuit of Jackson up the Shenandoah Valley the regiment bore its part, participating in the battles of Cross Keys and Port Republic. It remained at Winchester doing garrison duty until September 1, the day the place was evacuated by General White, when the regiment removed with the brigade to Harper's Ferry and assisted in the defense of that place, but after making a hard fight and losing 150 of its number, the regiment, with the whole command, was surrendered by the commanding officer of the post as prisoners of war. The regiment was exchanged in January, 1863, when it was sent South, moved with the army to Lake Providence, Louisiana, and during the campaign against Vicksburg took a prominent part in the gallant achievements of the 3d division, 17 corps. At the battle of Champion's hill the regiment made a bayonet charge and captured the 1st Mississippi Confederate battery—men, guns and horses—with a loss of 24 men. The total loss of the regiment during the campaign and siege of Vicksburg was 225, rank and file. It participated in the battles of Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson and Champion's hill; was in the extreme front of Logan’s division when Vicksburg surrendered; was assigned to post duty under General Logan; was also with Sherman in February, 1864, at Meridian, and lost 22 men at Clinton. At about this time more than three-fourths of the regiment reenlisted as veterans and after a furlough home rejoined the army in the movement on Atlanta. It was identified with the movements of the 17th corps in Sherman's advance; participated in the assault on Kennesaw mountain; was engaged at Nickajack creek, and was also in the battles of July 20, 21, 22 and 28 before Atlanta, losing more than half its number in killed and wounded. After the fall of Atlanta it moved with the army in pursuit of Hood, then rejoined Sherman and accompanied him on his "March to the Sea." It was in the advance of the army, contributed its share toward driving the enemy into his works at Savannah, on December 21 entered the city, and then "went into camp near Fort Thunderbolt. It moved with the army through the Carolinas, and a detachment of the regiment entered and captured Fayetteville, N. C., after a severe fight with Wade Hampton's cavalry. It was also engaged with the enemy at Bentonville and was present at the surrender of Johnston's army. It was mustered out on July 20, 1865. The 32nd entered the field, 950 strong, and during the war received more than 1,600 recruits, but only 565 remained at its muster-out.

Thirty-third Infantry.—Colonels, Joshua W. Sill, Oscar F. Moore; Lieutenant-Colonels, Frederick J. Lock, James H. M. Montgomery, Joseph Hinson; Majors, Joshua V. Robinson, Ephraim J. Ellis, Benjamin F. Barger, Thomas Sikes. This regiment was organized at Portsmouth, from August 27 to October 11, 1861, to serve for three years. It entered the service with an aggregate of 839 men and joined the forces of General Nelson at Maysville, Kentucky. Its service was somewhat varied during the first year, but it was in no actual engagement until at Perryville, where it went into the fight with 400 muskets and lost 129 men killed and wounded, 25 of whom were buried on the field. It took part in the battle of Chickamauga, going into action with 343 men, and losing in killed, wounded and missing, 168. It fell back with the main army to Rossville and Chattanooga and was cooped up in that beleaguered city until November 24, when it participated in the battle of Lookout mountain and lost heavily. It then rejoined its division and took part in carrying Missionary ridge, losing in that brilliant affair 31 men out of 200 engaged. The regiment then veteranized and after being furloughed home joined General Sherman's forces on the Atlanta campaign, participating in the battles of Resaca, Cassville, Kennesaw mountain, Peachtree creek, and Jonesboro. The aggregate number of officers and men killed and wounded in this campaign was about 170. The 33d followed Hood as far as Villanow, Georgia, in his mad movement toward Nashville, after which it accompanied Sherman in his march to the sea and the campaign through the Carolinas. At Bentonville N. C., it suffered severely, paying there its last tribute to the cause of the Union. It then made the triumphant march through the Confederate capital to Washington, where it participated in the grand review; was then taken to Louisville, Kentucky, and mustered out on July 12, 1865.

Thirty-fourth Infantry.—Colonels, A. Sanders Piatt, John T. Toland, Freeman E. Franklin; Lieutenant-Colonels, John W. Shaw, Luther Furney; Majors, Thomas W. Rathbone, Alfred Butters. This regiment was organized at Camps Lucas and Dennison, from July 27 to September 14, 1861, to serve for three years. It left Camp Dennison on September 15, for western Virginia, with full ranks, and arrived at Camp Enyart on the Kanawha river on the 20th. During the autumn and winter it was engaged in the arduous duty of guarding the rear of General Rosecrans' army, and the counties of Cabell, Putnam, Mason, Wayne and Logan, were kept pretty free from guerrillas by continual scouting. It participated in the battle of Princeton, losing several men. Part of the time at the battle of Fayetteville the 34th fought in the open field and repeatedly charged the enemy, its loss being necessarily heavy. Of six companies engaged the loss was 130, or fully one-third, one-half of the officers being either killed or wounded. Cutting their way out under a heavy fire, the Federal troops fell back towards the Kanawha river, made a stand at Cotton hill the next day and at Charlestown, Sept . 13, 1862, where a severe engagement took place. From this time until May, 1863, nothing of moment occurred to vary the monotony of garrison duty. At Wytheville in the following July, Co. C was attacked by a superior force of Confederate cavalry, and a number was killed and wounded, Captain Cutter and 15 men being taken prisoners. Several expeditions to Lewisburg and vicinity completed this year's campaign. About two-thirds of the regiment reenlisted as veterans, and on June 5, 1864, the regiment skirmished with a body of cavalry at Piedmont . The next day the Confederates were met at Buffalo gap, in a position secure from direct attack, but the brigade succeeded in flanking and driving them out. Then ensued Hunter's disastrous raid upon and retreat from Lynchburg, in which the 34th participated. Then came the operations in the Shenandoah Valley, and at Snicker's gap the regiment lost 10 killed and 20 wounded. Four days later occurred the fourth battle of Winchester, in which the 34th suffered severely. August 21 found the regiment at Halltown, where heavy skirmishing ensued until the 27th, when the enemy withdrew to demonstrate on the upper Potomac. The regiment next participated in the battle of Berryville, then marched to Summit Point and lay in camp until day on which occurred Sheridan's famous battle of Winchester, it being the third time the regiment had fought over nearly the same ground. Tt suffered terribly that day, the color-guard having no less than 6 men, in quick succession, killed and wounded while carrying the flag. The next evening found the regiment at Cedar creek, where it lay until the battle of Fisher's hill. The loss of the 34th in the last two engagements was 61 killed. The loss of the regiment in the affair at Cedar creek was 2 killed, 12 wounded and 18 prisoners. On January 11, 1865, the post of Beverly, garrisoned by the 34th, which by this time was reduced to 300 men present for duty, and the dismounted portion of the 8th Ohio cavalry, was attacked by the enemy. So secret and sudden was the attack—no alarm whatever being given until the enemy was in the quarters— that resistance was out ot the question and nearly every man was at one time a prisoner, though subsequently a great many escaped, favored by the darkness and intense excitement of the occasion. The survivors of this most unfortunate and disgraceful affair were consolidated with the 36th Ohio, the union of the separate organizations dating from February 22, 1865, and in which the old 34th lost its identity.

Thirty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Ferdinand Van Derveer; Lieutenant-Colonels, Charles L. H. Long, Henry V. N. Boynton; Major, Joseph L. Budd. This regiment was organized at Hamilton, in August and September, 1861, to serve for three years. When organized it numbered less than 900, rank and file. On September 26, it broke camp at Hamilton, moved to Covington, Kentucky, and on the same night took a train on the Kentucky Central railroad, placing parties at all the bridges along the road, making the headquarters of the regiment at Cynthiana. It participated in some of the skirmishes during the siege of Corinth and was among the first to enter the works at the place. In the movement against Bragg, the fight at Perryville and the pursuit to Crab Orchard, it bore an honorable part . All through the campaign, which began at Murfreesboro and ended at Chattanooga, it was in the front of the marching and fighting. On the first day of the fight at Chickamauga, the 35th and the other regiments composing the brigade were stationed on the extreme left of the line, where, after several hours of a fair, stand-up fight, they repulsed and beat back three several attacks of the elite of the Confederate army. On the next day it was again brought early into action and fought all day, firing the last shots that were fired by friend or foe on the battle-field of Chickamauga. In the two days' fight the regiment lost just fifty per cent, of those engaged and scarcely a man was taken by the enemy—they were killed or wounded. The regiment was on the front line at Missionary ridge and was among the first to reach the enemy's works on the crest, from which it drove the Confederates and captured 3 pieces of artillery. In February, 1864, it was engaged in the first battle at Buzzard Roost, after which it was stationed at Ringgold until the beginning of the Atlanta campaign. It was engaged at Dalton, Resaca, Pine mountain, Kennesaw mountain, Peachtree creek, and several other fights of that bloody contest. It was mustered out in August, 1864, at Chattanooga.

Thirty-sixth Infantry.—Colonels, George Crook, Melvin Clark, Ebenezer B. Andrews, William G. Jones, Hiram F. DuVal; Lieutenant-Colonels, William H. G. Adney, William S. Wilson; Majors, Jewette Palmer, Benjamin J. Ricker. This regiment was organized at Marietta, from July 30 to August 31, 1861, to serve for three years. It first saw service in western Virginia and remained there until the spring of 1862. At the battle of Lewisburg in May, 1862, the 36th and 44th, containing in the aggregate not more than 1,200 effective men, repelled the attack of the enemy and in 20 minutes the Confederates were driven back over the summit of the hill, utterly routed, with a loss of 60 killed and left upon the field, 175 prisoners, 4 pieces of artillery, and 300 stands of small arms, besides a very large number of wounded whom they hurriedly carried off the field. The 36th lost 7 killed, 44 wounded and 5 captured on picket. In the second battle of Bull Run the regiment was held in reserve and on the evening of that defeat performed signal service in arresting stragglers and fugitives from the battle, thus preventing thousands from hurrying back to Washington and creating a panic of dismay similar to that after the first battle of Bull Run. At Frederick, Maryland, in advance of the rest of the army, it had a brisk skirmish with Confederate cavalry, the rear-guard of Lee's army. It was actively engaged in the battle of South mountain, where with the brigade it made a memorable bayonet charge, by which the enemy was so scattered and routed that he never rallied on that part of the field again. It was actively engaged in the battle of Antietam, but the loss here was small, its exposure being chiefly to artillery fire. Being transferred to the western field of operations in the spring of 1863, it participated in the Tullahoma campaign, and took part in the sharp engagement with the enemy at Hoover's gap. The casualty list of the regiment shows a sad loss in the battle of Chickamauga, 70 brave and gallant soldiers yielded up their lives for their country. The regiment participated in the memorable coup de main resulting in the capture of Brown's ferry, and took part in the victory at Missionary ridge, in which it lost 83 men. Early in 1864, the regiment reenlisted, furloughed home, and at the expiration of the 30 days it was sent to its old field of operations in West Virginia. In May a severe engagement occurred at Cloyd's mountain, in which the Confederates were driven from their works and 2 pieces of artillery were captured. It then participated in the ill-fated expedition against Lynchburg and the harassing retreat from that place. In the sharp little fight at Kabletown the regiment lost 3 men killed and 4 wounded, and at Kernstown both regiment and division lost heavily, retreating from the field in disorder. At Halltown the brigade of which the 36th formed a. part was on two occasions, and the division at another, sent out to reconnoiter and develop the strength and position of the enemy, which was successfully accomplished each time, many prisoners being captured, but not without heavy loss in killed and wounded. On Sept . 3, the little Army of West Virginia had a severe engagement of 4 hours' duration at Berryville and the 36th distinguished itself as much in this battle, perhaps, as in any other of the war, its loss in killed and wounded being 25. In the battle of the Opequan it occupied the right of the army and lost 33 killed and wounded. At Fisher's hill it lost but 4 men wounded, and at Cedar creek 22 killed and wounded. The regiment was mustered out at Wheeling, West Virginia, July 27, 1865.

 Thirty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, Edward Siber; Lieutenant-Colonel, Louis Von Blessingh; Majors, Charles Ankele, Charles Hipp. This regiment was organized at Cleveland, from September 9, 1861, to March 1, 1862, to serve for three years. It moved to a point on the Kanawha river in West Virginia and spent the winter in that region. In the spring of 1862 it was engaged in_ some severe and unsuccessful fighting at and near Princeton, in which it lost 1 officer and 13 men killed, 2 officers and 46 men wounded, and 14 men missing. In an expedition to Wyoming Court House in August, a detachment of the regiment fell into an ambuscade and was surrounded by the enemy, but cut its way out of the difficulty with the loss of 2 killed, and 1 officer and 7 men taken prisoners. At Fayetteville and Cotton hill the regiment was also engaged, and in the retreat that followed it lost 2 men killed, 3 wounded, and 62 missing, of which latter a large portion were teamsters and train-guard. In the early part of 1863 the regiment was transferred to the West,' and in the bloody but unsuccessful assaults on the enemy's works at Vicksburg and the subsequent siege of that place, it lost 19 killed and 75 wounded. After the surrender of Vicksburg the 37th participated in the expedition against Jackson and on the capture of that city the regiment performed provost-guard duty for some days. At Missionary ridge it participated in an assault on the enemy's fortified position, in which it lost 5 men killed and 36 wounded, 5 of the latter being officers. In March, 1864, three-fourths of the men reenlisted for another term of three years and at the expiration of their furlough rejoined the army and participated in the advance on Resaca, in which the regiment lost 3 killed, 2 of whom were officers, and 10 men wounded. In the engagement at Dallas and that at New Hope Church it lost 4 men wounded. On the retreat of the enemy, the 37th pursued toward Acworth, went into line of battle in front of Kennesaw mountain, and participated in the memorable and disastrous assaults made by the Federal forces upon that stronghold, in which the enemy was compelled to fall back and abandon the position. The regiment lost 4 men killed and 19 wounded. On July 22, it held a position on the right of its division, in breastworks abandoned by the enemy on the previous night, and being flanked it lost 4 men killed, 10 wounded, and 38 were taken prisoners. In the fierce encounter at Ezra Church, where the Confederates were severely punished, the regiment was deployed as skirmishers on the extreme right, and completely frustrated an attempt of the enemy to turn the Federal right, losing 1 man killed and 5 wounded. The regiment participated in the march to the sea and up through the Carolinas, then after the grand review at Washington was sent to Arkansas and was mustered out on August 7, 1865.

Thirty-eighth Infantry.—Colonels, Edwin D. Bradley, Edward H. Phelps, William A. Choate; Lieutenant-Colonels, Charles Greenwood, William Irving; Majors, Epaphras L. Barber, Andrew Newman. This regiment was organized at Defiance, from July 24, 1861, to April 12, 1862, to serve for three years, and was first ordered into active service in Kentucky. After various marches, covering a wide scope of country, it participated in the battle of Perryville and afterward in the campaign in Kentucky, until it went into camp on Rolling Fork near Lebanon. It acted a very conspicuous part in the battle of Stone's river, losing but few men, however, and after the battle went into camp near Murfreesboro, where it remained until March 13, when it joined the forces then at Triune. It marched with the Army of the Cumberland and took an active part in the Tullahoma campaign. It did not participate in the struggle on the field of Chickamauga, but it performed a task which the vicissitudes of war assigned it—guarded the supply train. On November 25, the division to which the 38th belonged assaulted the fortifications at the foot of Missionary ridge, then ascended the hill and carried the works. In this charge the regiment lost 7 men killed and 41 wounded. The regiment reenlisted as a veteran organization, was furloughed home, and rejoined the army at Ringgold, Georgia It took an active part in the siege of Kennesaw mountain, fortifying and skirmishing, and on July 5 reached the banks of the Chattahoochee river. At Utoy creek a portion of the regiment (Cos. A, C, and K) charged the enemy's skirmish line and was successful, but out of the 120 men who charged, o were killed and 42 wounded. In the charge at Jonesboro the regiment lost out of 360 men, 42 killed and 108 wounded, making a total loss of 150 men. The regiment then marched up through the Carolinas with Sherman, participated in the grand review and was mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky, July 12, 1865. Thirty-ninth Infantry.—Colonels, John Groesbeck. Alfred W. Gilbert, Edward F. Noyes, Daniel Weber; Lieutenant-Colonels. Henry T. McDowell, Henry A. Babbitt; Majors, William H. Lathrop, John S. Jenkins, George T. Rice. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, from August 3 to 13, 1861, to serve for three years. Being fully armed and equipped, it moved by rail to St. Louis, Missouri, to join the forces organizing under General Fremont. It assisted in all the operations that resulted in the capture of New Madrid and Island No. 10, after which it embarked on transports and sailed down the Mississippi to within a few miles of Fort Pillow. It held the advance of Pope's army on entering Corinth, being one of the first regiments to occupy the place, and participated in the sanguinary conflicts at Iuka and Corinth in September and October following. It fought at Parker's cross-roads in December, when the force under Forrest was met, defeated and driven across the Tennessee river. It was one of the regiments that veteranized, and after its furlough home, participated in the Atlanta campaign. It took part in the battle of Resaca, the action at Dallas, then moved to Acworth, thence to Big Shanty, pushing the Confederate army to the base of Kennesaw mountain, where the regiment remained under constant fire until the enemy abandoned his line and took position near the Chattahoochee river. Then the regiment engaged in a successful assault on the enemy's works at Nickajack creek and on July 22 assisted in repelling the attack of Hardee's corps on the left flank of the Army of the Tennessee. This was the most severe engagement in which the regiment participated during its term of service, losing one-third of its number in killed and wounded. During this campaign the regiment lost 24 men killed and 168 wounded. It then marched to the sea and in January, 1865, entered upon the campaign of the Carolinas, being engaged in the action at Rivers' bridge, and struck the Charleston & Augusta railroad at Midway. It engaged the enemy 7 miles from Cheraw, drove him through the town and across the Great Pedee river, and captured large quantities of ordnance and other stores. It took part in the action at Bentonville, X. C, with a loss of 4 killed, 17 wounded and 3 missing. Then came the news of Lee's surrender, the capitulation of Johnston, the march to Washington, the grand review, and finally the muster-out on July 9, 1865.

Fortieth Infantry.—Colonels, Jonathan Cranor, Jacob E. Taylor; Lieut . Colonels, Peter W. Taylor, William Jones, James Watson; Majors, Thomas Acton, John L. Reeves. This regiment was organized at Columbus, in September, October and November, 1861, to serve for three years. In December it left camp for eastern Kentucky, going by railroad to Paris and marching thence to Paintville, where it formed a junction with Colonel Garfield, who was then moving up Sandy river. It participated in the battle of Middle creek, defeating Humphrey Marshall, and after that remained in camp at Paintville, suffering very much from sickness. In the following April, when the 40th was on picket south of Franklin, Tennessee, Van Dorn attacked the line with a large mounted force, but was repulsed by the regiment alone. It moved to Triune in June, and was on the right of Rosecrans' army in its advance on Shelbyville, Wartrace and Tullahoma. It participated in the battle of Chickamauga. losing quite heavily, and after falling back to Chattanooga it encamped at Moccasin Point, finally going into winter quarters at Shellmound, where four companies reenlisted. It shared in the battle of Lookout mountain and behaved with great gallantry. In May, 1864, the regiment marched on the Atlanta campaign, participating in many of the battles and being under fire almost constantly after it reached Dalton. In October, November and Dec, 1864, those who were not veterans were mustered out, and the veterans were consolidated with the 51st Ohio infantry.

Forty-first Infantry.—Colonels, William B. Hazen, Aquilla Wiley; LieutenantColonels, John J. Wiseman, George S. Mygatt, Robert L. Kimberly, Ephraim S. Holloway; Majors, John H. Williston, Ezra Dunham. This regiment was organized at Camp Wood, from August 26 to October 29, 1861, to serve for three years. On the expiration of its term of service the original members (except veterans) were mustered out, and the organization composed of veterans and recruits retained in service until November 27, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department. The following is a list of battles, in which this regiment bore an honorable part, taken from the Official Army Register, Part V, page 116: Shiloh, Stone's river, Woodbury, Liberty gap, Tennessee; Chickamauga, Georgia; Brown's ferry, Chattanooga, Orchard knob, Missionary ridge, Tennessee; Rocky Face ridge, Resaca, Adairsville, Cassville, Dallas, Pickett's mills, Kennesaw mountain, Chattahoochee river, Siege of Atlanta, Lovejoy's Station, Georgia; Franklin and Nashville, Tennessee. Of 373 who entered the engagement at Shiloh, 141 were either killed or wounded in half an hour. Of 410 officers and men at Stone's river—the largest number it ever took into battle—112 were killed or wounded. At the close of the fight at Orchard knob, General Thomas said to Colonel Wiley, who commanded the 41st in that battle: "Colonel, I want you to express to your men my thanks for their splendid conduct this afternoon. It was a gallant thing—a very gallant thing." The losses of the regiment in this battle, and at Missionary ridge were severe, 115 of the regiment having fallen, most of them at Orchard knob. At Rocky Face ridge the regiment, now reduced to a battalion, was complimented for_ its steadiness under a galling fire, and at Resaca it gained a crest within 75 yards of the enemy's main line and effectually prevented the use of his artillery. At Dallas it lost 108 men out of 260, one company losing 20 out of 22, and another 9 out of 11. At the Chattahoochee river it lost 2 men killed and 5 wounded. From 331 men at the beginning of the Atlanta campaign the regiment dwindled to 91. Of those lost 150 fell in battle.

Forty-second Infantry.—Colonels, James A. Garfield, Lionel A. Sheldon; Lieutenant-Colonel, Don A. Pardee; Majors, Frederick A. Williams, William H. Williams. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, in September, October and November, 1861, to serve for three years. On December 15 it moved by railroad to Cincinnati and thence by steamer up the Ohio river to Catlettsburg, Kentucky, where it arrived the morning of the 17th. It participated in the battle of Middle creek, Kentucky; engaged in several expeditions against guerrillas; led the advance against the defenses of Vicksburg in December; also led the advance at Fort Hindman, where, soon after getting fairly under fire, the enemy surrendered. It was engaged at Champion's hill and Big Black River bridge, but the loss was comparatively slight. It participated in the charges on the works at Vicksburg, the division of which it was a part holding an advanced position in the 13th corps. In these assaults the regiment lost heavily, especially on May 22. After the surrender of Vicksburg the regiment marched to Jackson, participated in the reduction of that place and then returned to Vicksburg, where it remained until ordered to the Department of the Gulf. The remainder of its term of service was spent in Louisiana and the regiment was mustered out at different dates. The regiment bears upon its banners the names of eleven battles, in which it lost 1 officer and 20 men killed, 18 officers and 325 men wounded.

Forty-third Infantry.—Colonels, J. L. Kirby Smith, Wager Swayne, Horace Park; Lieutenant-Colonels, Walter F. Herrick, John H. Rhodes; Majors, Harley H. Sage, Albert H. Howe. This regiment was organized at Camp Andrews, Mt. Vernon, and various places in the state from September 28, 1861, to February 1, 1862, to serve for three years. It left its rendezvous for the front on February 21, and 5 days later reported to Brigadier-General John Pope, commanding the district of Mississippi. It was but a few days before the regiment was introduced to active service, for in March it was under fire at New Madrid, Missouri, and in all the operations against that post it bore a prominent part, especially in its final bombardment and capture, the loss of the regiment in killed and wounded being quite severe. At Iuka the regiment took part in the battle of September 19, 1862, and the subsequent pursuit of the enemy as far as Cripple creek. In the battle of Corinth the 43d and 63d Ohio claim to have done more to save the day than any other organizations. In a few minutes of fighting over one fourth of those of the 43d engaged were either killed or wounded. From this time until October, 1863, the regiment was stationed at different points on the railroads of West Tennessee and at Memphis, assisting to keep open the communications of General Grant's army, then operating against Vicksburg. In Dec, 1863, the members almost unanimously reenlisted as veterans and after their furlough of 30 days returned to the field in a body, after which the first engagement was at Decatur, Alabama. The regiment lay at the latter place until the opening of General Sherman's campaign against Atlanta. The loss of the 43d was quite severe at Resaca. At Dallas it took an important part and in the advance on the enemy's position near Big Shanty, Co. D participated in a most brilliant charge of skirmishers, capturing a strong barricade from the 29th Tennessee and numerous prisoners. Immediately thereafter came the siege of Kennesaw mountain, with its deadly skirmishing, its grand cannonading, and the disastrous repulse of the Federal forces on June 27. The 43d participated in the general movements of its corps until the advance of the Army of the Tennessee from Roswell upon Decatur, Alabama, when it was detached to hold the bridge across the Chattahoochee at the former place until the army transportation then loading at Marietta should cross the river. During the remainder of the Atlanta campaign it shared the trials and glories of the 16th corps and won the thanks of the division commander by splendid and steady fighting. After the fall of Atlanta it enjoyed the "full month's rest," and then joined in the great "march to the sea." In the operations around Savannah it performed its full share of duty and after the fall of the city, held the important post of Dillon's bridge. Up into the Carolinas it then marched, and after crossing Whippy swamp was in due time confronting the enemy strongly posted at Rivers' bridge. Down a narrow causeway the regiment rushed amid a storm of shot and shell compelling the Confederates to withdraw their battery and uncover the crossing. The war closing, the regiment went to Washington, took part in the grand review, and was mustered out on July 13, 1865.

Forty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, Samuel A. Gilbert; Lieutenant-Colonels, H. Blair Wilson, Lysander W. Tulleys; Majors, Ackber O. Mitchell, Alpheus S. Moore. This regiment was organized at Springfield, from September 12 to October 14, 1861, to serve for three years. On October 14 it moved via Cincinnati, to Camp Piatt, West Virginia, and remained in camp all the following winter, quietly drilling. In May, 1862, with another regiment, it penetrated as far as Dublin Depot and destroyed a portion of the railroad track. Hearing that a large force of Confederates was endeavoring to intercept their retreat, the two regiments withdrew to Lewisburg, where the enemy appeared and was not only repulsed but routed, leaving most of his dead and wounded to fall into the hands of Union troops, together with 3 pieces of artillery and many prisoners. Being sent to Kentucky the regiment partook in the engagement of Dutton's hill in March, 1863, charging the Confederates and contributing materially to their rout. In January, 1864, 550 men out of 600 reenlisted, and when they again reassembled it was under the name of the 8th Ohio cavalry, in the sketch of which organization their further history will be found.

Forty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Benjamin P. Runkle; Lieutenant-Colonels, Alexander S. Ramsey. Joseph Hill, George E. Ross, John H. Humphrey; Majors, James E. Marsh, James T. Jennings. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, August 19, 1862, to serve for three years. The day following its muster-in it went to Kentucky, having been ordered to Cynthiana in that state, where it remained until the advance of General Kirby Smith compelled it to fall back to Covington. About the middle of February, 1863, it was mounted at Danville and performed much arduous service in pursuit of a body of Confederate cavalry in the region lying between Crab Orchard and Mount Sterling. At Dutton's hill a part of the regiment was engaged for the first time, having I man mortally wounded. At Monticello and Rocky gap it lost 2 men killed and several wounded—2 of the latter mortally. It constituted a portion of the force which pursued the Confederates in the raid from the Cumberland to the Ohio at Brandenburg and thence through Indiana and Ohio to Buffington island, where a part of the enemy surrendered. On that occasion this regiment, being in the advance and pushing the enemy hotly, had 1 man mortally and a few others slightly wounded. Returning to the scene of more strenuous hostilities, it lost at Philadelphia, Tennessee, 3 men killed, 4 mortally wounded, 1 of whom was an officer, and more than 100 men captured. At the Holston river, the following month, the regiment was suddenly overpowered by a very spirited attack and thrown into disorder, 100 men and officers being taken prisoners, 5 killed and several wounded. In the fighting of November 18, in the siege of Knoxville, the regiment lost 5 men killed and 6 mortally wounded, including the adjutant. It was next engaged in the action at Bean's station, but without sustaining loss. In May, 1864, the battle of Resaca was fought, in which the regiment had 2 men killed and 3 mortally wounded. It afterward participated in many of the actions of the Atlanta campaign, and then followed Hood to Tennessee. It was mustered out June 12, 1865.

Forty-sixth Infantry.—Colonels, Thomas Worthington, Charles C. Walcutt; Lieutenant-Colonels, William Smith, Isaac N. Alexander, Edward N. Upton; Majors, Henry H. Giesy, John B. Neil. This regiment was organized at Worthington, from October 23, 1861, to January 28, 1862, to serve for three years. It was sent to the field from Camp Chase in February, 1862, with an aggregate of 975 men, and reported at Paducah, Kentucky. It was engaged during the entire battle of Shiloh, with a loss of 280 killed and wounded, and 15 captured. It remained upon that field until April 27, when it moved with the army upon Corinth. Early in June, 1863, it was transported to Vicksburg and participated in the siege of that place. In the campaign against Jackson, Mississippi, the regiment suffered greatly from heat and the scarcity of water. At the battle of Missionary ridge it was engaged severely and sustained a heavy loss in killed and wounded. Immediately after this battle the regiment moved on the Knoxville campaign, and having raised the siege of that place marched to Scottsboro, Alabama, for winter quarters. There it veteranized and after its furlough home returned to camp. On May 1, 1864, it moved in the direction of Chattanooga and thence by way of Snake Creek gap to Resaca, where it was actively engaged for three days, but with slight loss. In two engagements at Dallas the Spencer rifles of the regiment caused such havoc in the charging columns, that ever after the 46th was known and dreaded throughout the opposing army. In the assault at Kennesaw mountain the regiment captured 60 prisoners, but its own loss in killed and wounded was severe. The regiment was engaged in skirmishing about Atlanta until July 22, when it assisted in repelling an attack on the 17th corps. From this time it was constantly engaged in skirmishing and participated in Sherman's flank movement to Jonesboro. On September 2,_ it was again engaged and succeeded in capturing the enemy's fortified skirmish line. It shared in the final movements of Sherman's army, and was mustered out on July 22, 1865. During its term of service it lost 20 men captured and 705 men killed, wounded and died of disease.

Forty-seventh Infantry.—Colonels, Frederick Poschner, Lyman S. Elliot, Augustus C. Parry; Lieutenant-Colonel, John Wallace; Majors, Frederick Hesser, Thomas T. Taylor. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, August 27, 1861, to serve for three years. The day following it left by rail for Benwood in western Virginia. Going from there to Sutton, Co. B was left as a reinforcement to the garrison, while the remainder moved forward and took part in the battle of Carnifix ferry. The regiment went into winter quarters on the Tompkins farm, Gauley mountain. In the spring of 1862 a portion of the regiment was sent on an expedition to Lewisburg, which proved a complete success, the enemy being completely routed and scattered and his camp equipage, horses and many prisoners falling into the hands of the Federals. After spending the remainder of the year in Virginia engaged in various duties, the regiment joined the expedition against Vicksburg, reaching Walnut hills on May 18, 1863, capturing many prisoners on the march. On the next day the regiment led an impetuous assault on Cemetery hill, gaining a footing close under the works, which position was held until nightfall, when it was abandoned, the loss being very severe. It led another charge on the 22nd with the same result, and from that time until the surrender was in the front line, occupying Cemetery hill fort. Being transferred to eastern Tennessee in January, 1864, the required three-fourths of the regiment reenlisted and after their furlough home resumed their place in the army. The enemy was met at Resaca, Dallas, Kennesaw mountain and at Hood's dash to the rear of Sherman's forces, the 47th participated up to and beyond Rome, Georgia, almost constantly skirmishing. It then participated in the march to the sea, up through the Carolinas, and was mustered out on August 11, 1865. When the 47th entered the field it numbered 830 men; at the termination of the Atlanta campaign it numbered only 120, but was subsequently reenforced by 400 drafted men and substitutes.

Forty-eighth Infantry.—Colonels, Peter J. Sullivan, Job R Parker; Lieutenant-Colonels, Joseph W. Lindsay, James R. Lynch; Majors, James S. Wise, Samuel G. W. Peterson. This regiment was organized from the state at large, from Sept . to Dec, 1861, to serve for three years. On the expiration of its term of service the original members (except veterans) were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits retained in service until January 17, 1865, when it was consolidated with the 83d Ohio infantry. On July 24, 1865, a battalion of six companies was organized by the consolidation of the 83d and 114th regiments. Two companies, E and F, were mustered out October 14, 1865, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the remaining four companies, A. B. C and D, were retained in service until May 0, 1866, when they were mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department . The following is a list of battles, in which this regiment bore an honorable part, as given in the Official Army Register, Part V, page 126: Shiloh, Tennessee; Corinth, Chickasaw bayou, Mississippi; Arkansas Post, Arkansas; Port Gibson, Jackson, Champion's hill, Big Black river, Siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi; Carrion Crow bayou, Sabine cross-roads, Louisiana: Fort Blakely, Alabama. The 48th lost about one-third of its members in the battle of Shiloh. In the attack upon Corinth it was among the first organized troops to enter the Confederate works. At Sabine cross-roads, then a mere remnant of its former self, it severely punished the "Crescent regiment," but in turn was overpowered and captured.

Forty-ninth Infantry.—Colonel, William H. Gibson; Lieutenant-Colonels, Albert M. Blackman, Levi Drake, Benjamin S. Porter, Samuel F. Gray, Luther M. Strong, Joseph R. Bartlett; Major, Milton F. Miles. This regiment was organized at Camp Noble, Tiffin, from August 15. to September 22, 1861, to serve for three years. On the expiration of its term of service the original members (except veterans) were mustered out and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, was retained in service until November 30, 1805, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department. The following is a list of battles, in which the regiment bore an honorable part, as given in the Official Army Register, Part V, page 128: Shiloh, Tennessee; Corinth, Mississippi; Lawrenceburg, Kentucky; Stone's river, Liberty gap, Tennessee; Chickamauga, Georgia; Missionary ridge, Tennessee; Rocky Face ridge, Resaca, Cassville, Pickett's mills, Kennesaw mountain, Siege of Atlanta, Lovejoy Station, Georgia; Franklin, Columbia and Nashville, Tennessee. In the battle of Shiloh the regiment twice performed the hazardous movement of changing front under fire. At Stone's river it joined in a magnificent bayonet charge, which resulted in recovering lost ground and a severe defeat to the enemy. At Liberty gap it scaled the heights in the face of a severe fire, drove the enemy from his position and compelled him to fall back to another, but equally strong position, about a mile to his rear. At Missionary ridge, with conspicuous gallantry, it was among the first to plant its colors on the summit. In the battle of Nashville it participated in several brilliant charges and suffered severely in killed and wounded. The whole number of names upon the rolls of the regiment is 1,552. Nineteen were born in Europe, 760 in Ohio, of whom 440 were from Seneca county. Eight officers and 127 privates were killed in battle, 77 were mortally wounded, 165 died from hardships or disease, 7 perished in Confederate prisons, and 616 were discharged on account of wounds or other disability.

Fiftieth Infantry.—Colonels, Jonah R. Taylor, Silas A. Strickland; Lieut-Colonels, George R Elstner, James A. Bope, Hamilton S. Gillespie, John E. Cummins, Thomas L. P. Defries; Majors, Thomas P. Cook, Benjamin F. Le Fever. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, in August, 1862, to serve for three years, with an aggregate of 964 men. On September 1, it moved into Kentucky for the defense of Cincinnati against Kirby Smith's raid, and about the 20th of the same month it went to Louisville. In the engagement at Perryville it lost 2 officers killed, 1 mortally wounded and 162 men killed and wounded. From February until September, 1863, it was engaged in building fortifications and constructing trestles in Tennessee. In the spring of 1864 it received orders to join General Sherman's army at Kingston, Georgia, and the next day after its arrival it participated in the engagement at that place. From this time until after the siege of Atlanta the regiment was in line of battle almost constantly. It shared in all the movements of the campaign, participated in the actions at Dallas, Lost mountain, Pine mountain and Atlanta, its ranks being fearfully thinned during the movement. The regiment then moved into Tennessee and skirmished three days at Columbia. It went into the battle of Franklin with an aggregate of 225 men and came out with 112. It fell back with the army to Nashville and participated in the battle at that place, losing several men. The regiment followed the retreating Confederates as far as Columbia, where it was consolidated with the 99th Ohio infantry, retaining its own name. At the time of the consolidation the regiment numbered only about 100 men. It then was sent over into the Carolinas and finally was mustered out at Salisbury, N. G, June 26, 1865.

Fifty-first Infantry.—Colonels, Stanley Matthews, Richard W. McCIain, Charles H. Wood; Lieutenant-Colonel, David W. Marshall; Majors, Nathaniel Hayden, John M. Frew. This regiment was organized at Camp Meigs, near Canal Dover, from September 9 to October 12, 1861, to serve for three years. On November 3 it went by rail to Wellsville on the Ohio river and was there placed on transports and taken to Louisville, Kentucky. It was variously engaged at different points during the first year of its service, but participated in its first actual engagement in the fall of 1862, when the regiment and brigade were sent out on a foraging expedition, and at Dobson's ferry, Tennessee, met and defeated Wheeler's Confederate cavalry, who had by some means got in the rear. The regiment lost 13 men wounded, 3 of whom subsequently died. The 51st left 32 of its number dead on the field at Stone's river, 105 were wounded and 46 captured. The regiment lay at Murfreesboro until June 24, when it moved on the Tullahoma campaign. At Ringgold, Wheeler's Confederate cavalry was met, defeated and driven to Tunnel Hill. In the battle of Chickamauga the regiment lost 8 men killed, 37 men and 1 officer wounded and 30 captured. It participated in the storming of Lookout mountain and took part in the taking of Rossville gap through Missionary ridge, its loss in these two affairs being 1 killed and 7 wounded. It reenlisted, was furloughed home and returned in time to enter on the Atlanta campaign. It was engaged at Resaca and at Kennesaw mountain, at the first-named place losing 1 officer and 10 men wounded and 1 killed, and at Kennesaw 2 officers and 10 men killed and 30 wounded. From this time until Atlanta was taken the regiment was almost hourly engaged with the enemy. It fought at Jonesboro and then pursued the enemy to Lovejoy's Station, losing 10 wounded at the latter place. Then followed the battles of Franklin and Nashville, after which the regiment was ordered to Texas, and was there mustered out on October 3, 1865.

Fifty-second Infantry.—Colonel, Daniel McCook; Lieutenant-Colonels, Daniel D. T. Cowen, Charles W. Clancy; Majors, Israel D. Clark, James T. Holmes. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, in August, 1862, to serve for three years. At sunrise on August 25, it left Camp Dennison for Lexington, Kentucky, passing through Cincinnati. The fall and winter of 1862 and the summer of 1863 were occupied by the regiment in various marches and detail work in the states of Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama, Chickamauga being its first actual engagement. There it took a prominent part and was one of the last regiments to leave the field. From that time until the opening of the Atlanta campaign the regiment was again variously employed, marching, doing guard duty, etc. At Resaca it performed a prominent part, making a charge with success, but at a sad cost of life. It was in the terrible struggle at Kennesaw mountain, and was busily engaged through all the movements up to Atlanta, maintaining throughout its fine reputation for discipline, courage, and endurance. From Atlanta it moved with Sherman's army to Savannah and thence through the Carolinas northward. Then came the march to Washington, the review before the president and cabinet, and the final muster-out on Tune 3, 1865.

Fifty-third Infantry.—Colonels, Jesse J. Appier, Wells S. Jones; LieutenantColonels, Robert A. Fulton, Preston R. Galloway; Majors, Harrison S. Cox, Ephraim C. Dawes. This regiment was organized at Camp Diamond, Jackson, from October 5, 1861, to February 5, 1862, and mustered in for three years. On February 16 it embarked on a steamboat at Portsmouth, O., and proceeded to Paducah, Kentucky, where it was assigned to the 3d brigade of Sherman's division. It maintained itself tolerably during the battle of Shiloh, several of the companies keeping in almost perfect order all the time. After the battle it remained in camp, engaged in drilling, until April 29, when it advanced and took part in the siege of Corinth. During the following year it was employed in doing guard duty, building bridges, etc., and in June, 1863, was sent to the vicinity of Vicksburg. It met the enemy at the Black river, but after a little skirmishing retired to Jackson. It assisted in the capture of that city and then returned to the Black river and went into camp. It was transferred to eastern Tennessee and participated in the battle of Missionary ridge. In January, 1863, almost every man in the regiment reenlisted and after its furlough home was present at the beginning of the Atlanta campaign. It participated in the fighting at Resaca and Dallas; suffered severely in the engagement at Kennesaw mountain, but after winning a position in a hand-to-hand fight, held it for the remainder of the day under a terrific fire of shot and shell. It was engaged at Ruff's mill, being for an hour exposed to a heavy fire of grape and shrapnel. It skirmished continually during the siege of Atlanta, was closely engaged at Ezra Church and again on the Macon railroad. It marched with Sherman to Savannah, shared in the capture of Fort McAllister, and then after remaining on duty a few weeks embarked for South Carolina. At the North Edisto river it assisted in driving the enemy from his intrenchments. It then continued the march through the Carolinas, then to Washington, and after the grand review was sent to Arkansas, on guard duty, where it was mustered out on August 11, 1865. Its losses in battle were 60 killed and 264 wounded.

Fifty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, Thomas Kilby Smith; Lieutenant-Colonels, James A. Farden, Cyrus W. Fisher, Robert Williams, Israel T. Moore; Major, George F. Kili. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison in October, 1861, to serve for three years. In February, 1862, it went into the field with an aggregate of 850 men at Paducah Kentucky, and was assigned to a brigade in the division commanded by General Sherman. In the two days' fighting at Shiloh it sustained a loss of 198 men, killed, wounded and missing. It then moved upon Corinth, skirmishing severely at the Russell house, and on the morning of the evacuation was among the first organized bodies of troops to enter the town. During the summer it was engaged in several short expeditions and in November moved with the army to Jackson, Mississippi. It was engaged in the assault on the Confederate works at Chickasaw bluffs with a loss of 20 men killed and wounded. In January, 1863, it ascended the Mississippi and Arkansas rivers and engaged in the assault on and capture of Arkansas Post . In May it began its march to the rear of Vicksburg, by way of Grand Gulf, and was engaged in the battles of Champion's hill and Big Black river bridge. It was engaged in the general assaults on the enemy's works in the rear of Vicksburg on May 19 and 22, losing in the two engagements 47 killed and wounded. It was continually employed in skirmishing and fatigue duty during the siege of Vicksburg, except for six days, which were consumed in a march of observation towards Jackson. After the fall of Vicksburg the regiment moved with the army upon Jackson and was constantly engaged in skirmishing from July 9 to 14. In January, 1864, it was mustered into the service as a veteran organization, and after its furlough home entered on the Atlanta campaign. It participated in the engagement at Resaca; was in the general assault upon Kennesaw mountain, losing 28 killed and wounded; was engaged in a severe skirmish at Nickajack creek, losing 13 killed and wounded, and was in the battle of Atlanta, July 22, sustaining a loss of 94 killed, wounded and missing. It lost 8 men killed and wounded at Ezra Church and during the month of August was almost continually engaged in skirmishing before the works at Atlanta. It was in a heavy skirmish at Jonesboro on August 30 and in the general action at the same place the two days immediately following. It was on that wonderful march to the sea; engaged in the assault on and capture of Fort McAllister; and after a rest of several weeks moved with the army on the march through the Carolinas, participating in its last battle at Bentonville, N. C. After the grand review it proceeded to Little Rock, Arkansas, and there performed garrison duty until August 15, 1865, when it was mustered out. The aggregate strength of the regiment at muster-out was 24 officers and 231 men. It marched during its term of service a distance of 3,682 miles, participated in 4 sieges, 9 severe skirmishes, 15 general engagements, and sustained a loss of 506 men in killed wounded and missing.

Fifty-fifth Infantry.—Colonels, John C. Lee, Charles B. Gambee; LieutenantColonels, George H. Safford, James M. Stevens, Edwin H. Powers; Majors, Daniel F. De Wolf, Rodolphus Robbins, Charles P. Wickham. This regiment was organized at Norwalk, from September to Dec, 1861, to serve for three years. In January, 1862, it left for Grafton, West Virginia, and after a short stay there moved to New creek. In the battle of McDowell it constituted the reserve and served as support to a battery, which could not be brought into action owing to the nature of the ground. It was present at the battle of Cross Keys, but was not engaged. It was under severe artillery fire at the second Bull Run, but was not engaged with the enemy's battle-line. It spent the following winter at Brooks' station, employing the time in inspections, drills and picket duty. In the engagement at Chancellorsville the regiment lost 153 men killed, wounded and missing. It marched into Pennsylvania with the army and was present at the battle of Gettysburg, losing about 50 men. The regiment was then sent to Tennessee and in the battle of Missionary ridge formed a part of the corps that drove the Confederate skirmish line beyond the East Tennessee railroad. In January, 1864, 319 men of the regiment reenlisted and were furloughed home, but they were present at the opening of the Atlanta campaign, participating in all the battles in which the 20th corps was engaged. At the battle of Resaca it suffered severely, losing upward of 90 men. It was also engaged at Cassville and Kennesaw mountain, and in the siege of Atlanta the regiment occupied its place in the lines, sometimes on the right and sometimes on the left, assisting in the gradual but sure advancement of the parallels toward the city. It left Lookout valley with about 400 men and during the campaign lost over 200. The regiment joined in the march to the sea and up through the Carolinas, losing at Averasboro 36 men and at Bentonville 33. It was mustered out on July 11, 1865.

Fifty-sixth Infantry.—Colonels, Peter Kinney, William H. Raynor; Lieutenant-Colonels, Sampson E. Varner, Henry E. Jones; Major, Charles F. Reiniger. This regiment was organized at Camp Morrow, in October and Dec, 1861, to serve for three years. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out at different dates in November and December, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, was consolidated into a battalion of three companies. A new company was organized at Columbus, November 23, 1864, to serve for one year and assigned as Co. D, which was mustered out November 22, 1865, by reason of expiration of term of service. The remaining three companies were retained in service until April 25, 1866, when they were mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department. The following is an official list of battles, in which this regiment bore an honorable part, as given by the Official Army Register, part V, page 139: Shiloh, Tennessee; Corinth, Port Gibson, Champion's hill, Big Sand run. Siege of Vicksburg, Jackson, Mississippi; Carrion Crow bayou, New Iberia, Sabine cross-roads, Monett’s ferry. Snaggy point, Dunn's bayou, Louisiana. In the battle of Port Gibson the regiment charged and captured 2 guns and 125 prisoners in the face of two Confederate regiments, with a loss of 40 killed and wounded. In the battle of Champion's hill it again distinguished itself, losing 135, killed, wounded and prisoners. In the battle of Sabine cross-roads the regiment lost 40 killed, wounded and missing.

Fifty-seventh Infantry.—Colonels, William Mungen, Americus V. Rice; Lieutenant-Colonel, Samuel R. Mott; Majors, Silas B. Walker, John McClure. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison. in October. 1861, to serve for three years. It originally numbered 956 men and 38 commissioned officers. It left the state in February, 1862, under orders to report at Fort Donelson, but when it arrived at Smithland, Kentucky, the order was changed and it reported at Paducah. The regiment suffered much from sickness and at the battle of Shiloh it had but 450 men fit for duty. These formed and advanced until they reached the little eminence upon which stood the Shiloh church and they held this position for 4 hours, successfully withstanding three Confederate regiments, who left 78 dead in front of the 57th. In three days the regiment lost 27 killed, 150 wounded (16 mortally) and 10 captured. At Rising Sun, Tennessee, a detachment of 220 men from the regiment, accompanying a supply train, was attacked by about 600 Confederate cavalry. The enemy charged the train three times,  but were repulsed each time, and at last were driven off with a loss of ii killed, 26 wounded and some prisoners, horses and arms captured. The detachment lost 4 men wounded. The regiment was ordered into camp north of Memphis, near Wolf Creek bridge, and while there was attacked by a detachment of cavalry, but the Confederates were repulsed with a loss of 1 killed and 6 wounded, the 57th sustaining no loss. The regiment was engaged for five days at Chickasaw bayou, where it lost 37 killed and wounded. It led its brigade in the charge on the works at Arkansas Post and after a desperate battle of 3 hours, during most of which time the regiment was within 90 yards of the Confederate parapet, the enemy surrendered. The regiment lost in this action 37 killed and wounded. It reached the works around Vicksburg on May 18, and participated in a general assault on the 19th, when it advanced under a terrific fire to within 70 yards of the Confederate line, and from this time until the surrender it was continually engaged, either on the picket line or in the trenches. Then it marched upon Jackson and participated in all the skirmishing until the Confederates evacuated the place. Being sent to East Tennessee it participated in the battle of Missionary ridge, with heavy loss. In January, 1864, it reenlisted, being the first regiment to reenlist as veterans in the 15th corps, and after a furlough home was present at the beginning of the campaign against Atlanta. It participated in the battle of Resaca, where it received three successive charges from an overwhelming force of the enemy, but held its ground firmly. This was one of the most severe contests in which the regiment ever engaged, its loss being 57 killed and wounded. At Dallas the enemy made another stand and fighting continued for three days, the regiment losing 15 men. It participated in an assault on the enemy's lines at Kennesaw mountain, gaining a position very near the Confederate works, but was compelled to abandon it. In this engagement it lost 57 killed and wounded. At Atlanta, on July 22, the works in the immediate front of the 57th were captured by the enemy and recaptured by the regiment three times. The regiment was in the heat of the engagement and lost 92 men. On the 28th it lost 12 men killed and 55 wounded. At Jonesboro the number of killed and wounded in front of the 57th nearly equalled the number of men in the regiment. It left Atlanta on the march to the sea; engaged the Confederates at Statesboro, where it lost heavily; took part in the assault on Fort McAllister, in which the regiment lost 10 killed and 80 wounded; then started on the campaign of the Carolinas, and fought its last fight at Bentonville, N. C. The regiment was mustered out on August 15, 1865. The names of 1,504 men had been on its muster rolls, and of that number only 481 were present at its muster out.

Fifty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, Valentine Bausenwein; Lieutenant-Colonels, Ferdinand F. Remple, Peter Dister, Ezra P. Jackson, William S. Friesner; Major, Andrew Gallfy. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, from October 1, 1861, to January 28, 1862, to serve for three years. It remained at Camp Chase, perfecting itself in the "school of the soldier," until in February, 1862, when it was transported by rail to Cincinnati, and there embarked on steamers for Fort Donelson, Tennessee, where it arrived on February 13. Preparations were at once made to take part in the assault on the fort and after moving a short distance a furious attack was made by the enemy, but the shock was met with coolness, ending in the Confederates being hurled back into their intrenchments. Early on the morning of the 16th the regiment was marched to the center of the line, where it remained until the announcement of the surrender of the fort. It went into the battle of Shiloh on the morning of the second day's fighting and was under fire until 4 p. m., its loss being 9 killed and 43 wounded. Then came the tedious, exhausting march on Corinth, creeping with snail-like pace toward that miserable town, and after the evacuation the regiment with the rest of the army took possession. In a reconnoissance down the Mississippi on transports a Confederate steamer with 5,000 stands of arms and 2 pieces of artillery, was captured near Milliken's bend, Louisiana. In the affair at Chickasaw bluffs the regiment lost 47 per cent, of the whole number engaged. It remained in this vicinity until in January, when it reembarked on transports and sailed down the Yazoo river to its mouth; thence up the Mississippi and White rivers to Arkansas Post, where it took a prominent part in the capture of that place. In March an expedition was ordered up the Yazoo river to Deer creek, resulting in a three days' fight, in which the regiment lost a few men. In the battle of Grand Gulf the regiment lost heavily. It then joined the land forces at Vicksburg, where it remained until ordered home to be mustered out, which was consummated on January 14, 1865.

Fifty-ninth Infantry.—Colonel James P. Fyffe; Lieutenant-Colonels, Farran Olmstead, William Howard, Granville A. Frambes; Major, Robert J. Vanosdol. This regiment was organized in the state at large, from September 12, 1861, to September 23, 1862, to serve for three years. It was engaged with the enemy during the whole of the second day's fighting at Shiloh, losing 4 killed and 53 wounded, 5 of the latter mortally. After the battle of Shiloh the regiment moved with the army on Corinth and participated in all the skirmishes and severe marches of that approach. Being in the front line of the Federal army it was among the first to enter the town, and in the pursuit followed the enemy to a point 6 miles beyond Rienzi. It participated in the pursuit of Bragg up through Tennessee and Kentucky, then back into Tennessee, where it operated continuously until the fall of 1863, when it had the honor of opening the battle of Chickamauga, and participated in both days' fighting. It also did its full share in the battle of Missionary ridge. Immediately afterward the regiment was ordered with others to Knoxville to relieve General Burnside, where, and in the vicinity of Strawberry Plains, it spent the winter, enduring terrible privations from want of clothing and rations. In the following May it was in the fight at Rocky Face ridge, losing 1 man killed and 6 wounded. It was also engaged at Resaca, Adairsville, Dallas (or New Hope Church), Kennesaw mountain, Peachtree creek, Atlanta and Jonesboro. In October orders were received to proceed to Nashville, where the regiment was mustered out on November 1, 1864.

Sixtieth Infantry.—(One Year's Service.) Colonel, William H. Trimble; Lieutenant-Colonel, Noah H. Hixon; Major, Joseph K. Marley. This regiment was organized at Gallipolis, February 25 to 28, 1862, to serve for one year. In April it was sent to the field and joined General Fremont's forces at New creek, W. Va, It participated in the brisk engagement near Strasburg, where it behaved like a veteran regiment and won reputation. It was highly complimented on the field for its firmness and coolness under fire at Cross Keys, in which engagement it lost severely. Its last service was in the unfortunate affair at Harper's Ferry, where, as a consequence of the surrender of the place, the entire membership of the 60th became prisoners of war. They were paroled, and on November 10, 1862, were mustered out of service.

Sixtieth Infantry.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonel. James N. McElroy; Lieutenant-Colonel, Martin P. Avery; Majors, William L. Stearns, Henry R. Stevens. Cos. A, B, C, D, E, F and I of this regiment were organized at Cleveland and Columbus in the months of February, March, April and May, 1864, to serve for three years. Co. K was organized in November and Dec, 1864, to serve for one year. The 9th and 10th independent companies, Ohio sharpshooters, were transferred to the regiment on February 24, 1865, and known as companies G and H. Upon the completion of six companies the regiment was ordered to the field in Virginia. It crossed the Rapidan and took part in the battle of the Wilderness. It led the advance of a column of two divisions in the attack at Marye's bridge over the Ny river and was specially distinguished in orders by the general commanding for the gallantry with which it crossed the stream and carried the position of the enemy. In all the actions about Spottsylvania in which the corps was engaged the regiment took an honorable part, suffering very much in that series of engagements. It also took an honorable part in the engagements at the North Anna river, Cold Harbor, the siege of Petersburg and the actions about Richmond. It was mustered out of service July 28, 1865, and the rolls show the casualties to have been 505, with but 17 missing.

Sixty-first Infantry.—Colonels, Newton W. Schleich, Stephen J. McGroarty; Lieutenant-Colonels, Henry B. Hunter, William H. H. Bown; Major, David C. Beckett. This regiment was organized in the state at large in March, April and May, 1862, to serve for three years. It left for the field in western Virginia on May 27, and at Freeman's ford had its first fight with the enemy—a part of Longstreet's corps. It took part in the second battle of Bull Run and covered the retreat of the Federal forces on the Centerville turnpike toward Washington. In the battle it lost 25 men killed and wounded. At Stafford Court House it established winter quarters and remained there until April, 1863. It was engaged throughout the entire battle of Chancellorsville and lost 4 officers wounded, besides a large number of men wounded and 5 killed. At Gettysburg it opened the battle, being thrown out as skirmishers, and was so roughly handled that it was compelled to fall back to Cemetery hill. In this action the regiment lost heavily in killed, wounded and prisoners. In September it was transported to the Army of the Cumberland and was engaged in a fierce fight at Wauhatchie, Tennessee, defeating and driving the Confederates across Lookout creek. In this fight 3 were killed and a number wounded. It was in the assault on Missionary ridge, moving round to the extreme left of the Federal lines to prevent a flanking movement on the part of the enemy. In March, 1864, it reenlisted, was furloughed home, and then returned for the Atlanta campaign. It participated in the bloody action at Resaca, losing several men, and performed its part nobly during all of the succeeding campaign. The regiment lay at Atlanta until it started with General Sherman's army on its "march to the sea." It then marched up through the Carolinas, and at Goldsboro, N. C., on March 31, 1865, was consolidated with the 82nd Ohio, the combined regiment taking the name of the latter organization.

Sixty-second Infantry.—Colonel, Francis B. Pond; Lieutenant-Colonels Clemens F. Steele, Samuel B. Taylor, Henry R. West; Majors, Delafield Dubois, William Edwards, Francis M. Kahler, Thomas J. Piatt. This regiment was organized at Zanesville, McConnelsville and Somerton from September 17 to December 24, 1861, to serve for three years. In January, 1862, it went by rail to Cumberland, Maryland, and there joined the forces under the command of Brig-General Lander, then in camp at Patterson's creek. After a summer spent in strenuous activity in Virginia, in December it made several reconnoissances from Suffolk to Blackwater, in one of which a heavy skirmish was had with the enemy. It then went by transports to South Carolina and in the desperate affair at Fort Wagner in July, 1863, it lost 150 men killed, wounded and missing. In January, 1864, it reenlisted and received the usual 30 days' veteran furlough. During the spring, summer and fall of 1864, it was almost continually under fire—not a movement could be made without encountering the enemy. The men of the regiment were compelled to keep an incessant vigil and for weeks at a time dared not throw off their accouterments. In the spring of 1865 the regiment took part in the assault on the Confederate works below Petersburg, and on April 2 it was one of the foremost regiments in the assault on Fort Gregg. It also participated in the action at Appomattox Court House. About September 1, 1865, it was consolidated with the 67th Ohio, and thereafter lost its identity—the name of the 67th being retained.

Sixty-third Infantry.—Colonel, John W. Sprague; Lieutenant-Colonels, William E. Gilmore, Alexander L. Haskins, Charles E. Brown; Majors, James H. Odlin, John W. Fouts, Oscar L. Jackson. This regiment was organized by the consolidation of two battalions, known as the 22nd and 63d regiments, Ohio volunteer infantry, at Columbus, Marietta and Chillicothe, from August, 1861, to February, 1862, and was mustered in for three years. The regiment moved from Marietta in February, under orders to report at Paducah, Kentucky, and from there it joined the army of the Mississippi, at Commerce, Missouri. The army took up the march for New Madrid, the regiment took part in the reconnoissance on the day of arrival there, and was under fire for the first time. It shared in a reconnoissance on March 7, and its services on the 13th were officially recognized in an order from General Pope's headquarters. It was present in all the movements which resulted in the surrender of Island No. 10; embarked on April 12 on the transport Silver Wave and moved with the army to the vicinity of Fort Pillow. During the siege of Corinth it took part in all the operations on the left of Halleck's forces; was in the reconnoissance beyond Farmington and in the engagement at that place, sustaining severe loss. When Price's army advanced toward Iuka the troops fell back to Clear creek, but when Rosecrans advanced to Jacinto the regiment again marched for Iuka and was in reserve at the battle there. In the engagement at Corinth the regiment was much exposed, losing in killed and wounded 48 per cent, of the officers and men in action. It spent the following winter at Corinth and the ensuing summer in Tennessee. Having reenlisted and been furloughed home, it returned to the front and shared in the battle of Resaca, Cos. C, H and A being on the skirmish line and among the first troops to reach the river near the village. The regiment crossed the Oostanaula, moved to Adairsville and afterward to Dallas, participating in all the actions before that place, and losing heavily in killed and wounded. It was next under fire at Kennesaw mountain and sustained its part in all the operations at that point, being well up to the front the whole time. It was engaged in the battle of Decatur, losing 3 officers killed and wounded. It assisted in taking possession of the Macon railroad south of Atlanta and engaged in the battle of Jonesboro. From the time the regiment left Chattanooga in May until September it lost in action 158 men. It moved with Sherman on his march from Atlanta to Savannah, participating in all the dangers and pleasures of that great campaign, thence up through the Carolinas, meeting the enemy at Rivers' bridge and in the engagement lost 12 men killed and wounded. It fought at Bentonville, N. C., then moved on to Goldsboro, and after the surrender of Johnston took the northern route for Washington and home. It was mustered out on July 8, 1865. During its term of service it had enrolled an aggregate of 90 commissioned officers and over 1,500 men, and at its discharge from the service numbered 22 commissioned officers and 537 men.

Sixty-fourth Infantry.—Colonels, James M. Forsythe, John Ferguson, Alexander Mcllvane; Lieutenant-Colonels, Isaac Gass, John J. Williams, Robert C. Brown, Samuel M. Wolff; Majors, William W. Smith, Samuel L. Coulter, Norman K. Brown. This regiment was organized at Camp Buckingham, Mansfield, from November 6, to December 14, 1861, to serve for three years. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out at different dates, from December 10, 1864, to May 31, 1865, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, retained in service until December 3, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department. The following is a list of battles, in which this regiment bore an honorable part, as given by the Official Army Register: Shiloh, Tennessee; siege of Corinth, Mississippi; Stone's river, Tennessee; Chickamauga, Georgia; Chattanooga, Missionary ridge, Tennessee; Rocky Face ridge, Resaca, Adairsville, Dallas, Kennesaw mountain, Peachtree creek, siege of Atlanta, Jonesboro, Lovejoy's Station, Georgia, Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville, Tennessee Co. A was the only one of the regiment that succeeded in getting into action at Shiloh. Of about 300 engaged, it lost in the battle of Stone's river 75 men killed and wounded. The first day of the battle of Chickamauga it was closely engaged and also on the second day until after dark—loss in this battle in killed, wounded and missing over 100 men. At Rocky Face ridge 21 were killed and 65 wounded. At Resaca the regiment lost several men killed and wounded.

Sixty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Charles G. Harker; Lieutenant-Colonels, Daniel French, Alexander Cassil, Horatio N. Whitbeck, Orlow Smith; Majors, James Olds, Samuel C. Brown. This regiment was organized in the state at large, from October 3 to December 14, 1861, to serve for three years. On the expiration of its term of service the original members (except veterans) were mustered out and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, was retained in service until November 30, 1065, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department. The following is a list of battles, in which this regiment bore an honorable part, as given in the Official Army Register: Shiloh, siege of Corinth, Stone's river, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Missionary ridge, Rocky Face ridge, Resaca, Adairsville, New Hope Church, Kennesaw mountain, Big Shanty, Peachtree creek, siege of Atlanta, Jonesboro, Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville. It was not very actively engaged at Shiloh, and lost but 2 men wounded, but during the siege of Corinth it was under fire almost hourly. In the engagement at Stone's river it lost 2 officers killed and 8 wounded (one mortally), 38 men killed, 106 wounded, 19 missing and 3 deserted in the face of the enemy. The regiment was under fire throughout the entire engagement. In the engagement at Chickamauga it lost 3 officers killed and 5 wounded, 13 men killed, 60 wounded and 24 missing; in the battle of Missionary ridge it had 1 killed and 14 wounded; at Resaca it lost 2 killed and 26 wounded; in a skirmish near Kennesaw mountain, 2 men wounded; in a charge on Kennesaw it lost 3 killed and 7 wounded; at Peachtree creek it lost 4 men wounded and 1 missing; at Atlanta, July 22, 1 killed and 1 wounded; in the battle of Spring Hill it lost 5 killed, 22 wounded and 14 missing; and at Franklin, 1 killed, 22 wounded and 21 missing.

Sixty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Charles Candy; Lieutenant-Colonels, James H. Dye, Eugene Powell, John T. Mitchell; Majors, Charles E. Fulton, Joshua G. Palmer, Samuel H. Hedges. This regiment was organized at Camp McArthur, Urbana, in Dec, 1861, to serve for three years. It was mustered into the U. S. service numbering 850 men and from the day of muster until the day of departure for the field it received additions to the number of 130. In January, 1862, it proceeded to join the forces of General Lander on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, in West Virginia. Its first service was in the Shenandoah Valley campaign against Stonewall Jackson and at the battle of Port Republic it acted a conspicuous part in defending a battery of 7 guns on the left of the line. The enemy had possession of these guns three times and as many times were driven from them by the regiment, with a loss of 109 men of the 400 engaged. At Cedar mountain its loss was 87 killed and wounded of 200 in arms, and after the defeat at that place the regiment pursued its way with the corps to Antietam, being actively engaged in that battle. It also helped to repel the attack of General J. E. B. Stuart upon Dumfries, where after a short and determined fight the enemy was driven off. In the battle of Chancellorsville the regiment held a position on the right of the plank road and in front of General Hooker's headquarters, where the repeated attacks made upon the whole corps were repelled with coolness and courage. At Gettysburg it held a position near the right of the line. The regiment then being transferred to the Army of the Cumberland in the vicinity of Chattanooga, it participated in the battle of Ringgold, Georgia, carrying the crest of the mountain and holding it against the forces on the summit . It reenlisted in December, 1863, and after a month of joys and pleasures, a day of leave-taking and tears, it was again on the road to the field. At Resaca it was kept well to the front, but was fortunate in having no losses beyond a few wounded. At Kennesaw mountain it acted its part and also in the important battle of Peachtree creek. After the capture of Atlanta it served with Sherman until the end, and was mustered out July 13, 1865.

Sixty-seventh Infantry.—Colonels, Otto Burstenbinder, Alvin C. Voris; Lieutenant-Colonels, John R. Bond, Henry S. Commager, Lewis Cass Hunt, Henry R. West; Majors, Edwin S. Piatt, Lewis Butler, Thomas J. Piatt. This regiment was organized in the state at large, from October, 1861, to January, 1862, to serve for three years, and left Columbus for the field, January 19, 1862, going into western Virginia. It was the first to engage the enemy at Winchester on March 23, and lost in that action 15 killed and 32 wounded. At Harrison's landing it campaigned with the Army of the Potomac till the evacuation of the Peninsula, when it went to Suffolk, Virginia, with only 300 men for duty out of the 850 which composed the regiment at the organization. Being then transferred to the Carolinas, for seven months it heroically endured all the hardships, privations, and dangers of the siege of Charleston, taking part in the attack on Fort Wagner and sustaining a heavy loss. The regiment reenlisted and returned to Ohio on furlough, then took the field again in Virginia, and May 10, 1864, will always be remembered as a sad but glorious day for it, when it lost 76 officers and men killed and wounded in the battle of Chester Station. Ten days later at Bermuda Hundred it participated in a charge and lost 69 officers and men killed and wounded. On August 16, four companies charged the rifle-pits of the enemy at Deep Bottom and at the first volley lost a third of their men; but before the Confederates could reload the rifle-pits were in possession of the Buckeye boys. During the spring, summer and fall of 1864 the regiment confronted the enemy at all times within range of their guns; and it is said, by officers competent to judge, that in that time it was under fire 200 times. Out of over 600 muskets taken to the front in the spring three-fifths were laid aside during the year on account of casualties. It was in the siege of Petersburg, witnessed the close at Appomattox, and was mustered out December 7, 1865.

Sixty-eighth Infantry.—Colonels, Samuel H. Steedman, Robert K. Scott; Lieutenant-Colonels, John S. Snook, George E. Wells; Major, Arthur Crockett. This regiment was organized in the state at large, in October. November and Dec, 1861, to serve for three years. Defiance, Paulding, Williams and Fulton counties each furnished one company and Henry county furnished the majority of the men in the other companies. In January, 1862, the regiment moved to Camp Chase, where it remained until February, when it moved to Fort Donelson, Tennessee. During 1862 it was actively engaged in guard duty, etc., and the following spring took an important part in the Vicksburg campaign. It moved down to Bruinsburg, where it crossed the river, and by a forced march was able to participate in the battle of Port Gibson. It followed closely after the retreating Confederates, and was engaged in the battles of Raymond, Jackson and Champion's hill, sustaining considerable loss in all these engagements, especially at Champion's hill. It engaged in an attack on the Confederate works in the rear of Vicksburg on May 19, and participated in the assault on Fort Hill on the 22nd. During the early part of the siege it was almost constantly in the trenches and it also furnished large details of sharpshooters; but during the latter part of the siege it was placed in the "Army of Observation," near the Big Black river. In October it moved on a reconnoissance with the 17th corps and was engaged in a skirmish at Bogue Chitto creek. It also participated in the fights at Clinton and Jackson while moving on the Meridian raid. It was one of the first regiments in the 17th corps to report three-fourths of its men reenlisted, and after its furlough home joined General Sherman for the Atlanta campaign. It was on the advance line for 65 days and nights, being engaged at Kennesaw mountain, Nickajack, Atlanta, July 22 and 28, Jonesboro and Lovejoy's Station. Then came the march to the sea, up through the Carolinas, the surrender of Lee and Johnston, the grand review, and the muster-out at Louisville, July 10, 1865.

Sixty-ninth Infantry.—Colonels, Lewis D. Campbell, William B. Cassilly, Marshall F. Moore; Lieutenant-Colonels, Charles L. Gano, George F. Elliott, Joseph H. Brigham; Majors, Eli J. Hickcox, James J. Hanna, Lewis E. Hicks. This regiment was organized in the state at large from October, 1861, to April, 1862, to serve for three years. In April, 1862, it received orders to report for duty at Nashville, Tennessee, at which place it arrived on the 22nd. It participated in its first real engagement during the first day's fighting at Stone's river, where it suffered severely both in killed and wounded. On the last day of the battle it took part in the brilliant and desperate charge across the river against Breckenridge's Confederate corps, in which the enemy was driven back with heavy loss, and in this charge it captured a section of the famous Washington battery from New Orleans. The regiment participated in the battle of Missionary ridge and was among the first to reach the top of the mountain. In the following spring it veteranized, was furloughed home, and then joined Sherman's forces in May. It was engaged with the enemy at Resaca, losing 5 killed and 26 wounded. At Pumpkin Vine creek and at Dallas the enemy was again engaged and in these affairs the regiment lost 5 killed and 19 wounded. During the siege of Kennesaw mountain 2 men were killed in the regiment. At Marietta it lost 1 man killed and 7 wounded. In the affair at the crossing of the Chattahoochee river it escaped without loss, but at Peachtree creek 1 man was killed and 10 wounded. During the siege of Atlanta it lost 9 men wounded, 2 of whom subsequently died. The regiment took part in the fight at Jonesboro and lost 8 killed and 36 wounded, some of whom died in a few hours after the fight. It joined in Sherman's march to the sea and in the campaign through the Carolinas, participated in the battle at Bentonville, in which it lost 2 killed and 8 wounded. It was mustered out on July 17, 1865.

Seventieth Infantry.—Colonel, Joseph R. Cockerill: Lieutenant-Colonels, DeWitt C. Louden, Henry L. Phillips: Majors, John W. McFerren, William B. Brown, James Brown. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison from November, 1861, to February, 1862, to serve for three years. It was ordered to Paducah, Kentucky, and on its arrival was incorporated into Sherman's division, then organizing. It took part in both days of the action at Shiloh and established a lasting name for bravery and endurance. General Sherman spoke of the conduct of the regiment to every one in the most flattering terms, and in the report of the battle said: "Colonel Cockerill behaved with great gallantry and held together the largest regiment of any colonel in my division; and stood by me from first to last." The Regiment engaged in no more fighting until after the fall of Vicksburg, when General Sherman moved upon Jackson, the capital of Mississippi, and during the siege the 70th behaved in a gallant manner. A few days after the battle of Chickamauga the 15th corps, to which the regiment belonged, moved up the river to Memphis, then marched through northern Mississippi, Alabama and southern Tennessee, and took part in the battle of Chattanooga in November. In January, 1864, the regiment reenlisted as veterans, every company carrying on its rolls the proper number of men to retain its organization. During the memorable march to Atlanta the regiment participated in all the battles on the way and around the city, and maintained in each and all its high reputation. During the autumn and winter months it marched through Georgia to the sea and participated in the storming of Fort McAllister, where it suffered severely. It was the first regiment to enter the work through the abatis and ditch, sweeping over the plain and through the works without a halt. It was with Sherman in his march through the Carolinas and participated in the battle of Bentonville. After the grand review it was sent to Little Rock, Arkansas, where it was finally mustered out on August 14, 1865.

Seventy-first Infantry.—Colonels, Rodney Mason, Henry K. McConnell; Lieutenant-Colonels, Barton S. Kyle, George W. Andrews, James H. Hart; Major, James W. Carlin. This regiment was organized at Camp Dave Tod, Troy, Ohio, and at Paducah, Kentucky, from September, 1861, to January, 1862, to serve for three years. It was first engaged at the battle of Shiloh, where it lost 130 men killed and wounded. The regiment was then ordered on the Cumberland river to hold the posts of Fort Donelson and Clarksville, and the detachment at the latter place was overwhelmed by a large Confederate force on August 18 and obliged to surrender. After the men were exchanged, four companies engaged and completely defeated Woodward's force at Fort Donelson. In the early part of the campaign of 1864 the regiment moved south and was engaged in some skirmishes, in all of which both officers and men behaved gallantly. It took an active and effective part in the battle of Nashville, displaying great bravery and losing one-third of its number in killed and wounded—among them several valuable officers. Shortly after this battle the regiment was ordered to Texas, where it spent the following summer, being mustered out on November 30, 1865.

Seventy-second Infantry.—Colonel, Ralph P. Buckland; Lieutenant-Colonels, Herman Canfield, Leroy Crockett, Charles G. Eaton; Majors, Eugene A. Rawson, Samuel A. J. Snyder. This regiment was organized in the state at large from October, 1861, to February, 1862, to serve for three years. It was equipped fully, and in February was ordered to Paducah, Kentucky. On April 4 Cos. B and H, while reconnoitering, became separately engaged with Confederate cavalry, Major Crockett and 2 or 3 men of Co. H being captured and several were wounded. Co. B was surrounded, but fought for an hour against great odds, when it was saved by the arrival of other companies, though it lost 4 men wounded. The regiment was at the front constantly in the battle of Shiloh and on the second day participated in the final charge which swept the enemy from the field, resting that night in the camp which it had abandoned the day before. The regiment lost 15 killed, 73 wounded and 46 missing. In the siege of Corinth it bore a conspicuous part and its losses were trifling in action but terrible by disease. It participated in the battle at Jackson, Mississippi, May 14, 1863, and on the next day continued the march toward Vicksburg, where it participated in the assaults on the Confederate works on May 19 and 22, after which came the labor of the siege. It was finally thrown out on the advance picket line and continued to hold that position until the surrender. It then moved against General Johnston at Jackson, and after the battle there pursued the Confederates to Brandon, where it was in an engagement. In February, 1864, it took part in the expedition to the Tallahatchie river, this really being a part of General Sherman's Meridian expedition. The regiment veteranized and was furloughed home, and then resumed its duties in the field. In June it formed part of an expedition against Forrest, encountered him at Brice's cross-roads, Mississippi, and in the unfortunate affair 248 of the regiment were killed, wounded or captured —the greater portion captured—and of these very few ever returned to the regiment. On another expedition in the direction of Tupelo the casualties in the regiment were 21 men wounded, 5 of them mortally. In Dec, 1864, the regiment was on a reconnoissance and became warmly engaged with a band of Confederates, losing 11 men killed and wounded. On the first day of the battle of Nashville it participated in a charge, in which 350 prisoners and 6 pieces of artillery were captured. At night it was sent to Nashville with prisoners, but returned in time to take part in the fight the next day and was engaged in the charge on Walnut hills. The regiment was then sent to Louisiana and later participated in the siege of Spanish Fort, near Mobile, Alabama, losing 1 man killed and 3 wounded. It then returned to Mississippi and was mustered out at Vicksburg, September 11, 1865.

Seventy-third Infantry.—Colonel, Orland Smith; Lieutenant-Colonels, Jacob Hyer, Richard Long, Samuel H. Hurst; Major, Thomas W. Higgins. This regiment was organized at Chillicothe, December 30, 1861, to serve for three years. It remained in camp perfecting its drill until January 24, 1862, when it moved via Parkersburg to Grafton and Fetterman, West Virginia, and thence a few days later to New creek. In the spirited engagement at McDowell in May the regiment was engaged, but met with slight loss. In June it was engaged in the battle of Cross Keys, and lost 8 men killed and wounded. In August the command took up its line of march for Culpeper, and it arrived in time to relieve General Banks' corps on the battle field of Cedar mountain. Passing through Culpeper, the regiment crossed the Rappahannock at White Sulphur springs, moved down the river to Rappahannock Station, and thence up to Freeman's ford, where it engaged the enemy; thence back to White Sulphur springs and Waterloo to prevent the enemy from crossing. Passing through Warrenton, New Baltimore and Gainesville, the regiment reached the battle ground of Bull Run and in the second battle there acted a prominent part, the gallantry of the brigade of which it was a part saving the army from utter rout. The loss of the regiment was very severe—out of 310 men present for duty, 144 were killed or wounded and 20 captured. In the Chancellorsville campaign it formed part of the column which turned the left of Lee's army, crossing the Rappahannock at Kelly's ford and the Rapidan at Germanna. Nothing noteworthy then occurred until it entered upon the Gettysburg campaign. The regiment, with its brigade, held the line in front of Cemetery hill and was almost incessantly engaged on the ground in its front, its losses amounting to 143 officers and men out of about 300. After Lee's retreat over the Potomac the regiment crossed the river with the rest of the army and finally went into camp at Bristoe Station, where it remained until transferred to the Army of the Cumberland. In the fight in Lookout Valley the conduct of the regiment called forth praise and especial notice, General Grant, in his official despatches, naming it "one of the most daring feats of arms of the war." In this action the regiment lost 65 men and officers out of 200. Encamping near the scene of its brilliant exploit, the regiment was occupied by picket duty and building earthworks until November 22, when it crossed the river and was engaged in the battle of Missionary ridge. At the end of the year it veteranized and was furloughed home, then returned to its old camping ground in Lookout valley. In May it moved with the corps through Snake Creek gap, confronted the enemy at Resaca and it was highly complimented by its brigade and division commanders for brilliant conduct in this action. A severe battle followed near New Hope Church, in which, though badly exposed and suffering severely every moment, the regiment stood firm and fought till nightfall, when it was relieved, having suffered a loss of 3 officers and 72 men killed and wounded. Pine mountain, then the railroad with Acworth and Allatoona,-then Lost mountain were gained; and the army confronted the enemy strongly upon Kennesaw mountain and around Marietta. On July 20 the regiment reached Peachtree creek and in the engagement that followed there lost 18 men. During the month which followed it was constantly in the front line of works, under fire day and night, and continually at work skirmishing and fortifying, each day losing one or more killed or wounded. At length Atlanta was evacuated. In the campaign the 73d had lost 210 men and 8 officers out of less than 350; had been repeatedly engaged with the enemy, and had never retreated before him. It now encamped near the city, recruiting and working upon the defenses until it started with Sherman on his "march to the sea." Up through the Carolinas, at the battle of Averasboro, N. C., in which the regiment lost 15 men wounded, and then came Bentonville, the last battle of the war, in which it lost 5 men killed and 25 wounded. The regiment was mustered out on July 20, 1865.

Seventy-fourth Infantry.—Colonels, Granville Moody, Josiah Given; Lieutenant-Colonels, Alexander Von Schrader, Robert P. Findley; Majors, Alexander S. Ballard, Thomas C. Bell, Joseph Fisher, Cornelius McGreevey. This regiment was organized at Columbus, Enon, Xenia, Hamilton and Cincinnati from October 5, 1861, to March 27, 1862, to serve for three years. It was ordered to the field in April, 1862, reported at Nashville, and went into camp near that city. It spent the summer of 1862 performing detailed duty in Tennessee, went into the battle of Stone's river on December 31, 1862, and remained in it until nightfall of January 3, being hotly engaged December 31, and was one of the regiments selected to charge across the river on January 2, against Breckenridge's Confederate corps. The regiment went into this battle with 380 effective men, of whom it lost 109 in killed and wounded, and 46 captured. On the movement toward Chattanooga in June, the regiment participated in the battles of Hoover's gap, Dug gap and Chickamauga. It also participated in the battles of Lookout mountain and Missionary ridge. A majority of the men reenlisted as veteran volunteers and after the furlough home returned to the field in April, 1864, numbering 619 men. At Buzzard Roost gap the regiment was specially engaged and in an attempt to storm that stronghold, lost 16 men killed and wounded. At Resaca it lost 9 men killed and wounded. At Kennesaw mountain it had a most arduous and perilous duty to perform, and for two weeks was under a constant fire of musketry and shells. It was also engaged at the Chattahoochee river. Peachtree creek and in front of Atlanta. At the battle of Jonesboro it made three distinct charges and lost 14 killed and 25 wounded. The aggregate loss of the regiment in this campaign was 18 killed and 88 wounded. It moved with Sherman through Georgia and up through the Carolinas, in which heavy skirmishing was encountered at Averasboro, and at Bentonville the last battle of the army was fought. It was mustered out on July 10, 1865.

Seventy-fifth Infantry.—Colonels. Nathaniel C. McLean, Robert Riley, Andrew L. Harris; Lieutenant-Colonels, Robert A. Constable, Charles W. Friend, Benjamin Morgan; Major, George B. Fox. This regiment was organized at Camp John McLean from November 7, 1861, to January 8. 1862, to serve for three years. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out by detachments at different dates from November 16, 1864. to January 17, 1865. by reason of expiration of term of service, and the veterans and recruits consolidated into a battalion of two companies, which was retained in service until July 27, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department. The following is the official list of 405 battles in which this regiment bore an honorable part, as given in the Official Army Register: Monterey, Shaw's ridge, McDowell, Franklin, Strasburg, Cross Keys, Cedar mountain, Freeman's ford, Waterloo bridge, Sulphur springs, second battle of Bull Run, Aldie, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Hagerstown, Fort Wagner, John's island, Camp Baldwin, Gainesville, Pocataligo bridge, Charleston. At Monterey the regiment displayed bravery and gave evidence of the fine discipline to which it had attained under the teachings of the officers of the regiment. At McDowell it added new laurels to its former good name under the immediate eye of General Milroy, who warmly congratulated Colonel McLean on the gallantry of his regiment. It lost 88 men killed and wounded. It also lost heavily at Freeman's ford, which was also true at the second Bull Run—22 killed and 93 wounded. In the short space of half an hour at Chancellorsville the regiment lost 150 men killed and wounded. It was under fire every day of the battle at Gettysburg, where out of 292 enlisted men, 63 were killed, 106 wounded and 34 captured. In the unfortunate affair at Gainesville, Florida, 14 men were killed and 32 wounded, who together with about 72 others were taken prisoners.

Seventy-sixth Infantry.—Colonels, Charles R. Woods, William B. Woods; Lieutenant-Colonels, Willard Warner, Edward Briggs; Major, Reason C. Strong. This regiment was organized at Camp Sherman from October 5, 1861, to February 3, 1862, to serve for three years. It left Newark, O., and proceeding via Paducah, Kentucky, to Fort Donelson, took an active part in the engagement at that place. During the entire engagement at Shiloh it was exposed to the enemy's fire. It formed a part of the grand reserve during the advance on Corinth and after the evacuation moved to Memphis, marching 130 miles with wagon supplies. In August, forming a part of an expedition of observation, it moved down the Mississippi, landed at Milliken's bend, surprised the 31st Louisiana regiment, and captured all its camp and garrison equipage. At the battle of Chickasaw bayou it was held in reserve, but at Arkansas Post the regiment charged within 100 yards of the rifle-pits, halted, opened fire and held the position for 3 hours, when the enemy surrendered. It participated in the siege of Vicksburg; then marched and skirmished in northern Alabama and Tennessee, arriving at Chattanooga in time to join in the assault on Lookout mountain; was engaged at Missionary ridge, and at Ringgold charged up Taylor's ridge under a heavy fire, suffering a fearful loss. In one company of 20 men 8 were killed and 8 wounded, 7 being shot down while carrying the regimental colors. In January, 1864, about two thirds of the regiment reenlisted as veterans and were furloughed to their homes. The regiment went away 962 strong, and returned in two years with less than 300. It returned to the field in due time and participated in the Atlanta campaign, the march to the sea, up through the Carolinas and in the last battle at Bentonville. It was mustered out on July 15, 1865. During its service the regiment lost 241 men wounded in battle, 351 died on the field or in hospitals—a sad but noble record.

Seventy-seventh Infantry.—Colonels. Jesse Hildebrand, William B. Mason; Lieutenant-Colonels, Wills De Hass, William E. Stevens; Major, Benjamin D. Fearing. This regiment was organized at Marietta, Columbus and other places in Ohio from September 28, 1861, to January 5, 1862, to serve for three years. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out by companies at different dates from December 10, 1864, to January 3, 1865, by reason of expiration of term of service. The organization, composed of veterans and recruits, was consolidated into a battalion of six companies on January 17, 1865, and retained in service until March 8, 1866, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department. The following is a list of battles in which this regiment bore an honorable part, as given in the Official Army Register: Shiloh, Falling Timber, siege of Corinth, Little Rock, Okolona, Prairie d'Ane, Marks' mills, Jenkins' ferry, Spanish Fort. So reduced was the regiment by the losses in its first engagement at Shiloh, and by sickness, details and straggling, that it numbered but a little over 200 men, with 13 officers, the loss in the battle and the subsequent affair at Falling Timber being 50 killed, 114 wounded and 56 missing—total, 220. General Sherman commended the conduct of the regiment in its determined and protracted struggle for the position at Shiloh church and in baffling the enemy in all his attempts to capture Taylor's battery. The regiment took part in all the active operations of Sherman's division during the siege of Corinth, constructing field-works, roads and bridges, picketing, skirmishing and fighting, until the division rested beyond Corinth, returning from pursuit of the enemy. From August, 1862, until July, 1863, it was in charge of the military prisons at Alton, 11l. A portion of the regiment was captured at Marks' mills, and those not captured lost at Jenkins' ferry, in killed and wounded, more than half their number. Its strength at time of muster out was 365.

Seventy-eighth Infantry.—Colonels, Mortimer D. Leggett, Zachariah M. Chandler, Greenbury F. Wiles; Lieutenant-Colonels, Benjamin F. Hawkes, Gilbert D. Munson; Majors, David F. Carnahan, John T. Rainey, Israel C. Robinson. This regiment was organized in the state at large from October 24, 1861, to January 16, 1862, to serve for three years. It left by rail for Cincinnati on February 1t, and at that city steamers were found on which it embarked for Fort Donelson on the Tennessee river. At daylight on the morning of the second day at Shiloh it went into the battle on the right and was under fire throughout the day, but with slight loss—1 man killed and 9 wounded. In August it was in the brisk engagement near Bolivar, but in this affair the loss was slight. For several months it was engaged in movements preliminary to the Vicksburg campaign; participated in the battle of Raymond, losing in killed and wounded, about 80 men; was also engaged in the battle of Champion's hill, where it lost 116 men killed and wounded; at Vicksburg it participated in the general charge on May 22, with slight loss, and later was sent to Bovina, where it remained until after the surrender. In January, 1864, it reenlisted as a veteran regiment and after its furlough home joined General Sherman's army at Acworth, Georgia. It participated in the battle of Kennesaw mountain and at Atlanta on July 22 it lost 203 in killed and wounded. Of 13 flag and color-bearers of the regiment in the latter engagement, all were either killed or wounded. The regiment participated in the subsequent movements of the Army of the Tennessee till the fall of Atlanta and later was with Sherman's forces on the march to the sea. It marched up through the Carolinas, then to Washington, and was mustered out on July i1, 1865.

Seventy-ninth Infantry.—Colonel, Henry G. Kennett: Lieutenant-Colonel, Azariah W. Doane: Majors, Henry S. Clements, William W. Wilson, Samuel A. West. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison from August 20 to October ai, 1862, to serve for three years. It crossed the Ohio river at Cincinnati, that city being menaced by the Confederate army concentrated at Lexington. It performed guard duty and other detailed work in Kentucky and Tennessee until the spring of 1864, when it joined in the campaign against Atlanta. The regiment was not engaged in the demonstrations at Buzzard Roost and Dug gap, being in the reserve line, but after passing through Snake Creek gap. near Resaca, it skirmished with the enemy, with considerable loss in killed and wounded. In the assault on Kennesaw mountain the regiment was in the charging party and it lost several men. At Peachtree creek it was in the front line, being the second regiment engaged, and in the battle lost one-half its men. After this battle and until the evacuation of Atlanta, when the regiment received recruits, it was only a regiment in name, not in numbers. It commenced the campaign with 600 men and at its close had 182. Fifteen recruits were received during the campaign, of whom 7 were lost, thus making the loss 425 men in about 100 days. It was in the march to the sea and the campaign of the Carolinas, taking part in the affairs at Columbia, Averasboro and Bentonville. At Columbia the loss was small, not exceeding 30 men killed, wounded and prisoners. At Averasboro it took an active part, assaulting and carrying that part of the enemy's lines where his artillery was posted. It captured 3 pieces of artillery, 100 stands of small arms and 31 prisoners. For this charge the regiment received many encomiums, but its loss in killed and wounded was severe, being one-fourth of the number engaged. About May 1, it turned homeward by way of Richmond and was mustered out at Washington on June 9, 1865. Its loss, from all causes, was about 1,000 men— more than its original number.

Eightieth Infantry.—Colonels, Ephraim R. Eckley, Matthias H. Bartilson; Lieutenant-Colonels, William Marshall, Pren Metham, Thomas C. Morris; Majors, Richard Lanning, David Skeeles, Henry C. Robinson. This regiment was organized in the state at large from October, 1861, to January, 1862, to serve for three years. In February it left Camp Meigs with 919 men and was taken by rail to Columbus, thence by rail and river to Paducah, Kentucky, where it was assigned to General Pope's command and operated with that army throughout the siege of Corinth. On May 9 it was ordered to the support of a Missouri battery in front of Farmington and in performing that duty was for the first time under fire. In September it took part in the battle of Iuka and lost 45 men killed and wounded. It took a prominent part in the battle that ensued at Corinth and lost heavily, 80 killed and wounded. It engaged in the Vicksburg campaign, first participating in the battle of Raymond, but at that place did not lose any men. Two days later, at Jackson, the regiment with its brigade had a desperate fight and in a charge lost about one-third of its number killed and wounded. Just after the charge was ended, General McPherson rode up to the regiment, and lifting his hat, exclaimed, "God Almighty bless the 80th Ohio!" Its loss was 90 killed and wounded. It then returned to Vicksburg and took part in the entire siege and capture of that Confederate stronghold. Being then transferred to eastern Tennessee, it entered the fight at Missionary ridge and was hotly engaged until near nightfall, losing several commissioned officers and nearly 100 men. It reenlisted as a veteran regiment, went home for a 30 days' respite, then returned to the front in Georgia, and in the autumn joined in the march to the sea. In the Carolina campaign it participated in a brisk skirmish with the enemy at the Salkahatchie river, and in the closing scenes of the battle of Bentonville. It was mustered out on August 13, 1865.

Eighty-first Infantry.—Colonels, Thomas Morton, Robert N. Adams; Lieutenant-Colonels, John A. Turley, James W. Titus, William H. Hill; Majors, Charles N. Lamison, Frank Evans, William H. Chamberlin, William Clay Henry. This regiment was organized in the state at large in August and September, 1861, to serve for three years. Benton barracks, St. Louis, Missouri, was the rendezvous of all the troops sent to General Fremont's department and in the ample grounds of that well known camp this regiment entered upon its first military duties, having reached its maximum—not the legal, but the possible—numbering eight companies, with an aggregate of nearly 600 men. On both days of the battle of Shiloh the regiment was hotly engaged and in a charge on the second day it sustained a heavy loss. At the battle of Corinth it lost 11 men killed, 44 wounded and 3 missing. Establishing winter quarters at Corinth, the regiment remained at that place until the spring of 1863, when the scene of its first operations was in Alabama. In April there was a sharp skirmish at Town creek, in which the regiment had a few men wounded. In the fall of the year it was transferred to eastern Tennessee, where it spent the winter, and in May, 1864, entered on the Atlanta campaign. It fought at the battle of Rome cross-roads, clearing its front of Confederates and holding its position until the 2nd division was relieved by the 4th. The regiment also contributed its full share in the actions around Dallas and was with the army when it closed around Atlanta. In the battle of July 22, with three companies in reserve, it was the second regiment from the right of Sweeny's division, standing like a rock, and never was there made a more daring or more effective resistance. The regiment captured a number of prisoners and 3 battleflags. It also took an active part in repelling the enemy on July 28, and then settled down into the regular duties of the siege. It marched on the flanking movement to Jonesboro, participated in the engagement at that place, and in the skirmish at Lovejoy, after which it withdrew to the vicinity of Atlanta. It made the march to the sea without any notable incident and assisted in the fortifications around Savannah. It participated in all the labors and dangers of the campaign of the Carolinas and was engaged in the battle of Bentonville. In April it started on its homeward march and was mustered out on July 13, 1865. During its term of service 34 men were killed in action, 24 died of wounds, 121 of disease, and 136 were discharged for disability.

Eighty-second Infantry.—Colonels. James Cantwell, James S. Robinson, Stephen J. McGroarty; Lieutenant-Colonels, Bradford R. Durfee, David Thomson, James S. Crall; Major, Frederick S. Wallace. This regiment was organized at Kenton, Hardin county, from October to December, 1861, to serve for three years, with an aggregate of 968 men. In January, 1862, it moved for western Virginia, and was first under fire at the battle of Bull Pasture mountain. It joined in the pursuit of Jackson up the valley; fought in the battle of Cross Keys; was also present at Cedar mountain, and participated in a sharp skirmish at Freeman's ford. The destruction of Waterloo bridge being ordered, the work was intrusted to this regiment and a select party dashed forward under a brisk fire, ignited the timbers, and in a few moments the work of destruction was complete. At the second Bull Run the regiment lost heavily. It went into winter quarters at Stafford Court House and in the following April moved on the Chancellorsville campaign. In the battle of that name it moved steadily into the intrenchments and opened a rapid fire upon the advancing foe. As the enemy swept around the flanks of the regiment it was forced to retreat and when it reached its new position only 134 men were with the colors. It was on duty in the trenches or on the picket line until the army commenced to retire. The regiment went into action at Gettysburg with 22 commissioned officers and 236 men, of whom 19 officers •and 147 men were killed, wounded or captured, leaving only 3 officers and 89 men; but this little band brought off the colors safely. In the autumn following the regiment was ordered to join the Army of the Cumberland and at Wauhatchie, Tennessee, it led the advance up the steep and rugged slope, driving the Confederates from the summit. It was held in reserve during the engagement at Orchard knob, but it moved up under a heavy fire from the batteries on Missionary ridge and assisted in the skirmishing which followed that engagement, and in building the intrenchments. In November it moved to the relief of Knoxville, but Longstreet having raised the siege it returned to Lookout valley. There, of 349 enlisted men present, 321 were mustered into the service as veteran volunteers in January. 1864. After a furlough home the regiment rejoined its brigade in March and soon afterward entered upon the Atlanta campaign. It participated in the charge at Resaca, but sustained little loss, as the enemy was too much surprised and embarrassed to fire effectively. It was one of the first regiments in position at Peachtree creek and lost not less than 75 in killed and wounded. During the siege of Atlanta it held an important and exposed position on a hill adjoining Marietta street, being within range both of artillery and musketry, and on one occasion a cannon shot carried away the regimental colors, tearing them to shreds. The regiment remained in camp at Atlanta, engaged in work on the fortifications for a time, and then started with Sherman's army for Savannah. It met with nothing worthy of particular note until Wheeler's cavalry was encountered at Sandersville, where one company assisted in dislodging the enemy. The regiment moved on the Carolina campaign and performed its full share of marching, foraging and corduroying. It participated in the affairs at Averasboro and Bentonville, having 10 men wounded in the former and in the latter 11 wounded and 14 missing. It was mustered out on July 24, 1865.

Eighty-third Infantry.—Colonel, Frederick W. Moore; Lieutenant-Colonel, William H. Baldwin; Major, Stephen S. L'Hommedieu. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison in August and September, 1862, to serve for three years. The 48th Ohio infantry was consolidated with it on January 17, 1865. The members whose term of service would have expired previous to October 1, 1865, were mustered out July 24, 1865, when the veterans and recruits were consolidated with the veterans and recruits of the 114th Ohio infantry, and formed into a battalion of six companies, designated the 48th battalion, Ohio infantry, whose final record is given in connection with the 48th infantry. The 83d originally numbered 1,o10 men. After some time spent in Kentucky it was ordered to the field of operations in Mississippi. In the engagement at Chickasaw bayou, where it obtained its first full view of the grim visage of war, it did not lose heavily, but the men were under fire for several days and were compelled to eat their rations uncooked. It was the first regiment to plant the colors on the enemy's battlements at Arkansas Post, for which it was honorably mentioned in the official reports and the legislature of Ohio showed its appreciation of the regiment's bravery by a unanimous vote of thanks. The regimental colors were completely riddled, and more than one-fifth of the men were killed or wounded. The regiment was one of the first to reach the enemy's works at the Big Black river and on May 20, was confronting the Confederate works at Vicksburg. It participated in the second assault, losing about eight per cent . of the number engaged, and it assisted in the subsequent siege operations until the surrender of the city. It participated in the operations around Jackson and upon the evacuation of that place followed the fleeing Confederates as far as Brandon, when it returned to Vicksburg. It was later sent to Louisiana and in the encounter at Grand Coteau lost 56 men, mostly captured. At Sabine cross-roads it was again hotly engaged and was one of the regiments that bore the brunt of the fight. In May, while on a foraging expedition it had a brisk skirmish at Governor Moore's plantation, coming off victorious. It remained in Louisiana until the spring of 1865, when it moved with the expedition against Fort Blakely, Alabama. During the siege at that place the regiment captured 2 redoubts, 8 cannon, 2 mortars, a long line of breastworks, 800 prisoners, 2 flags, and a large quantity of small-arms, ammunition, and other stores. It lost 36 officers and men killed and wounded, the colors were well riddled, and the staffs, both of the regimental banner and the national colors, were shot in two, but the color-bearers gallantly carried the tattered flags over the parapet of the fort. This was the regiment's last engagement.

Eighty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, William Lawrence; Lieutenant-Colonel, John J. Wizeman; Major, John C. Groom. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, in May and June, 1862, to serve for three months, and on June 11 was ordered to Cumberland, Maryland, where it was employed in preventing transportation of supplies into the Confederate lines. In September it was ordered to New creek, West Virginia, where an attack by Confederate forces was anticipated. The enemy retired without making an attack and the regiment was ordered to Camp Chase, O., for muster out. It was ordered from Camp Chase to Camp Delaware, where it was mustered out on Sept . 20, 1862, after having served about a month longer than its term of enlistment.

Eighty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, C. W. B. Allison; Lieutenant-Colonel, Percy S. Sowers; Major, Peter Zinn. This regiment was organized in the state at large in May and June, 1862, to serve for three months and was retained at Camp Chase to aid in guarding the large number of Confederate prisoners there in confinement. It was mustered out, September 23 and 27, 1862, by reason of expiration of term of service.

Eighty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Barnabas Burns; Lieutenant-Colonel, Henry B. Hunter; Major, Wilson C. Lemert. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, June 10, 1862, to serve for three months. It spent its term of enlistment in western Virginia, doing guard duty, etc., but it was in no engagements. It was mustered out on September 25, 1862, by reason of expiration of term of service. Eighty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Wilson C. Lemert; Lieutenant-Colonel, Robert W. McFarland; Major, William Kraus. This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland, July 14, 1863, to serve for six months. It participated in the chase of General Morgan and then joined the expedition for the capture of Cumberland gap, Tennessee. After the surrender of that place the regiment remained on guard duty there until its term of enlistment had expired, being mustered out February 10, 1864.

Eighty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, Henry B. Banning; Lieutenant-Colonel, John Faskin; Major, Samuel L. Leffingwell. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, June 10, 1862, to serve for three months. It was first sent to Baltimore, Maryland, and after some weeks there was stationed at Harper's Ferry, where it was unfortunate enough to be included in the surrender of the Federal forces. However, the men were released from their paroles, and the regiment was sent home, where it was mustered out from October 1 to 4, 1862, by reason of expiration of term of service.

Eighty-eighth Infantry.—Lieutenant-Colonel, Edward A. Bratton; Major, George C. Crum. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase in June, 1862, to serve for three months. It was mustered out on Sept . 26, 1862, by reason of expiration of term of service. Eighty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel. George W. Neff; Lieutenant-Colonel, Edwin L. Webber; Majors, Peter Zinn, John W. Skiles. This regiment was originally composed of a battalion of four companies, organized at Camp Chase from September 24 to October 27, 1862, to serve for three years, and designated "First Battalion Governor's Guards." Six new companies, organized at Camp Chase from July 24 to August 3. 1863, to serve for three years, were consolidated with this battalion and designated the 88th Ohio infantry. The regiment was mustered out of service on July 3, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department. This regiment was principally engaged in guarding Confederate prisoners at Camp Chase. It was also engaged in the pursuit of the Morgan raiders and the suppression of the Holmes county rebellion in July, 1863.

Eighty-ninth Infantry.—Colonels, John G. Marshall, Joseph D. Hatfield, Caleb H. Carlton; Lieut-Colonels, James Rowe, William H. Glenn; Majors, William Hays, John H. Jolly. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, August 22 and 26, 1862, to serve for three years, and numbered 1,000 officers and men. Crossing the Ohio river on a pontoon bridge, the regiment went into camp 3 miles in the rear of Covington, Kentucky. After spending a short time in Kentucky it moved into western Virginia and in the early part of 1863 was ordered to Tennessee to join General Rosecrans. After remaining at Murfreesboro until June, the regiment joined in the movement against Bragg at Tullahoma. It met with sturdy opposition from the enemy the first day out and at Hoover's gap it supported Wilder's brigade of mounted infantry in a sharp encounter, in which the enemy lost over 100 in killed and wounded. The regiment suffered terribly in this campaign from the incessant rains, which flooded the whole country and made it almost impossible to supply the army with rations. The regiment engaged in the bloody battle of Chickamauga, where on the second day it was in the hottest of the fight, holding its position until darkness began to settle like a pall upon the ground, when a division of the enemy came up in its rear, surrounded and captured it entire. The non-commissioned officers and privates were sent to Belle Isle and from there to Andersonville, where a majority of them died of starvation and exposure. Forty wounded, 20 sick and 75 well men who were not engaged in the battle, were all that were left of the 89th. Receiving recruits, the regiment soon mustered 200 men and established a respectable standing, and when the charge was made on Missionary ridge this little band went to victory in the front of the attacking column. It made a partial charge on the enemy's work at Rocky Face ridge, iu which it had 2 men killed, 10 wounded and 2 captured. It was next engaged in the fight at Resaca, but without loss, and it bore its part in the almost constant fighting for four months, up to and into Atlanta. After participating in the expedition against Hood, in his mad attempt to capture Nashville, the regiment was at its post in Sherman's grand march to the sea and was present at the capture of Savannah. In the Carolina campaign it was at the crossing of the Cahawba river, when the pontoons gave way twice from the force of the swollen and raging stream; engaged in the fights at Averasboro and Bentonville, N. C.; and was at the surrender of Johnston. After two years and nine months' service the remnant of the 89th was mustered out at Washington, D. C., June 7, 1865.

Ninetieth Infantry.—Colonels, Isaac N. Ross, Charles H. Rippey; Lieutenant Colonel, Samuel N. Yeoman; Majors, Alvah Perry, George Angle, Nicholas F. Hitchcock. This regiment was organized at Camp Circleville, August 29, 1862, to serve for three years. Its aggregate strength was 38 commissioned officers and 943 men, and on the day of its organization it was on its way to Covington, Kentucky, where it reported to Major-General Wright two days later. After various marches in Kentucky it approached to within 2 miles of Perryville, where the musketry of that battle was distinctly heard, but from some unaccountable cause the regiment was not permitted to engage in the conflict. At Stone's river it was first placed face to face with the enemy and it fought as coolly as if it had been on a hundred battle-fields. It lost in the first day's fighting 130 men killed, wounded and missing. The regiment remained in camp for several months in the vicinity of Murfreesboro and then was moved forward and participated in the battle of Chickamauga, losing in that engagement 88 killed, wounded and missing. It spent the greater portion of the following winter in camp at Ooltewah, Tennessee., and in the spring commenced the movement on the great Atlanta campaign. For 120 days the regiment marched, fought and suffered, until it had the satisfaction of entering the city of Atlanta—"fairly Von." It then followed Hood into Tennessee and participated in all the brilliant fights on the way, including that of Franklin, a battle which has been pronounced one of the most bloody and desperate of the whole war. It was also in the battle before Nashville and after victory had crowned the Federal arms joined in the pursuit of the demoralized Confederates to the banks of the Tennessee river. The original members of the regiment were mustered out on June 13, 1865, and the recruits on October 3, of the same year.

Ninety-first Infantry.—Colonels, John A. Turley, Benjamin F. Coates; Lieutenant-Colonel, Lemuel C. Cadot; Majors, John R. Blessing, Samuel F. Neal. This regiment was organized at Camp Ironton, Sept . 7, 1862, to serve for three years. It was first sent to Guyandotte, Virginia, to watch the Confederate Jenkins, and then was ordered to Maysville, Kentucky, but before reaching the place was sent back to Virginia and started on its first raid up the Kanawha, on which a Confederate camp at Buffalo was captured with all its contents, except the occupants, who made good their escape. The regiment spent the winter at Fayetteville and in the following May participated in the attack on and pursuit of the Confederates, marching 20 miles and driving the enemy from that part of the country. It also spent its second winter at Fayetteville and in May, 1864, fought the battles of Cloyd's mountain and New River bridge. It then participated in Hunter's disastrous campaign against Lynchburg and bore an honorable part in the engagement at the latter place. In the brilliant affair at Stephenson's depot near Winchester, in July, the regiment also played a conspicuous part, capturing 2 brass field-pieces. It was in the battle of the Opequan and there headed a charge which lifted the Confederates completely out of their position with the naked bayonet. The regiment lost more in killed and wounded in this battle than in any it was ever engaged. It participated in the remainder of the valley operations, then spent the winter at Martinsburg, and was mustered out of service on June 24, 1865.

Ninety-second Infantry.—Colonels, Nelson H. Van Voorhes, Benjamin D. Fearing; Lieutenant-Colonels, Douglas Putnam, Jr.. John C. Morrow; Majors, Dioclesia A. Smith, Elmer Golden. This regiment was organized at Camp Marietta and Gallipolis from September 7 to 17, 1862, to serve for three years, numbering 949 rank and file. It was first ordered to Point Pleasant, Virginia, then in January, 1863, was sent to Tennessee and at the battle of Hoover's gap in June it was actively engaged most of the day, but lost only 1 man killed and a few wounded. In pursuit of the enemy the regiment participated in the movements at Tullahoma and the advance to Elk river. In September it had several skirmishes with the enemy in the vicinity of Lane's chapel, some of which rounded into the proportions of a battle. It was in the white heat of the fight at Chickamauga and formed a part of the rear-guard that heroically devoted itself to save the army. The noble part taken by the regiment is given in detail in the admirable report of Lieutenant-Colonel Douglas Putnam. "The smallness of the loss," says the report, "was due to the very skillful management of Colonel Fearing and his coolness and bravery while under fire and in command. On Sunday, the 20th, the regiment, with its brigade, led the charge on the right (now the left), driving the enemy in utter confusion across the field, and compelling him to abandon his artillery. Several prisoners were brought off by the regiment after this charge, among whom were a colonel and several officers. The loss of the regiment was 3 commissioned officers and 15 men wounded, and 15 men missing." The regiment assisted in the capture of Brown's ferry and garrisoned the point until relieved by a force from General Hooker's corps, when it returned to Chattanooga in time to take part in the initiative to Missionary ridge. Bracing itself for the perilous feat of scaling the ridge, it moved to the assault in double column and swept over the works enveloping guns and defenders. The loss of the regiment was very severe, losing in 20 minutes 33 per cent, of the officers and 10 per cent, of the men engaged, though it took many prisoners and 2 guns. In the fight at Rocky Face ridge the regiment lost heavily, some of the wounded being burned in the blazing woods. At Resaca it lost but 2 men killed and 2 wounded. It joined the division near Dallas and took an active part in the movements that forced the enemy to evacuate his works on Pine mountain. It took an active part in forcing the enemy from the valley to take shelter among the rocks on the side of Kennesaw mountain, losing 1 killed and 2 wounded. It was in line on July 22 in front of Atlanta, losing but 1 man, and supported the assaulting column that forced the passage of Utoy creek. It then withdrew from the enemy's front and joining the main army took part in the movement south that forced the evacuation of Atlanta, sharing in the glory gained by the 14th corps in the magnificent charge at Jonesboro. Leaving Atlanta in November, it was off for the sea, and it certainly did its share in "smashing things through Georgia." Passing into the Carolina campaign, it came up with the enemy at Averasboro and engaged with him at Bentonville. The regiment was mustered out on June 14, 1865.

Ninety-third Infantry.—Colonels, Charles Anderson, Hiram Strong; Lieutenant-Colonels, William H. Martin, Daniel Bowman; Majors, Alfred A. Phillips, William Birch, Robert Joyce. This regiment was organized at Dayton, August 20, 1862, to serve for three years. It left the rendezvous for Lexington, Kentucky, numbering 39 officers and 929 men, and moved with the army to Nashville. In December, while on duty guarding a forage train, it was attacked by the Confederates, and in this, its first engagement, it lost 1 man killed and 3 wounded. At the battle of Stone's river it suffered severely. Its next engagement was at Chickamauga, where during the first day's fight it charged a Confederate battery, killed all the horses, and captured the guns and the men. In the first day's engagement the regiment lost 124 officers and men killed, wounded and prisoners. It was in the charge on Orchard knob in November and suffered severely. The time occupied in making the charge was not more than 5 or 6 minutes, but in that time the regiment lost 11 killed and 49 wounded, 6 men being shot down while carrying the regimental colors. The regiment was in the assault on Missionary ridge and sustained a loss of 8 killed and 20 wounded. It then started for East Tennessee and participated in the severe winter campaign of 1863-64. At a skirmish near Dandridge it lost 1 killed, 4 wounded and 3 captured. In May it broke camp and started on the Atlanta campaign with an aggregate of 300 men. It marched to Rossville and thence to Buzzard Roost, where a feint was made on the Confederate works, in which the regiment lost 4 men wounded. The loss of the regiment in the battle of Resaca was 4 killed and 21 wounded. In the fight at Dallas it was in the front line, losing 48 killed and wounded. In the operations around Kennesaw mountain it lost 3 killed and 44 wounded. It was present all through the siege of Atlanta; was in reserve at Jonesboro, and was in the front line at Lovejoy's Station. It then followed Hood into Tennessee; lay in reserve during the fight at Franklin; went into the fight at Nashville with 90 men and lost 4 killed and 21 wounded. It performed guard duty in various sections during the following winter and those of its members whose term of service would have expired previous to October 1, were mustered out on June 8. 1865, the remaining members being transferred to the 41st Ohio infantry. Prior to the muster out of the regiment 8 officers and 241 men were discharged for disability; 4 officers and 204 men were accounted for as "died of disease, wounds and killed in. action," 252 men were wounded once, 30 twice, and 8 three times.

Ninety-fourth Infantry.—Colonels, Joseph W. Frizell. Stephen A. Bassford; Lieutenant-Colonels, David King, Rue P. Hutchins; Majors, Charles C. Gibson, William H. Snider. This regiment was organized at Camp Piqua, August 24, 1862, to serve for three years, and 1.o10 men were mustered into the service of the United States. Four days later, without uniforms or camp equipage and never having been drilled as a regiment, it was ordered to Kentucky, that state being then invaded by Confederate forces under Kirby Smith. But a veteran regiment could not have behaved better than it did in the affair at Tate's ferry, where it was first under tire and lost 2 men killed and 6 wounded. With the exception of some hard work in the trenches and on fortifications for the defense of Louisville, and a participation in two or three "grand reviews," the regiment had a very easy time until the movement began which resulted in the battle of Perryville and the driving of Bragg's Confederate army from Kentucky. The regiment took a prominent part in the engagement at Perryville, being highly complimented in general orders. It broke camp near Nashville on Christmas day; was in advance of the army marching on Murfreesboro; and during the battle of Stone's river was engaged every day from Wednesday until Saturday. It was again in the advance on Tullahoma; had a skirmish at Dug gap; and was engaged in the hard fought battle of Chickamauga. At Lookout mountain and Missionary ridge it again took a prominent part, being in the grand charge upon the ridge. It was with Sherman on the march to Atlanta, taking part in the battles at Resaca, Kennesaw mountain, Chattahoochee river, Peachtree creek, Atlanta and Jonesboro. It marched to the sea and up through the Carolinas, participating in the battle of Bentonville, and after the surrender came marched to Washington. There it was mustered out on June 5, 1865, with an aggregate of 338 men—-all that were left of the one thousand and ten!"

Ninety-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, William L. McMillen; Lieut-Colonel, Jefferson Brumback; Majors, James M. Stewart, William R. Warnock. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, August 19, 1862, to serve for three years. The next day it received marching orders and proceeded to Lexington, Kentucky, and a few days later had its initial experience in the ill-fated affair at Richmond, in which the regiment lost 8 killed, 47 wounded and 600 captured. In the following November the men were exchanged and after a winter spent in reorganizing and drilling, in May, 1863, it was ordered south for the Vicksburg campaign. It remained with the besieging forces at Vicksburg, digging canals, fighting on picket lines and living in bomb-proofs, until a few days before the capture of the city. It aided in the capture of Jackson, Mississippi, in the operations around the Big Black river, and was at one time fortunate enough to receive General Sherman's thanks for being first inside a Confederate battery of 4 guns, which it captured, with 60 Confederate gunners. It participated in Sherman's vain attempt to storm the works of Vicksburg, when many brave men were sacrificed. After the fall of Vicksburg the regiment participated in a second march on Jackson, driving out the Confederate army and finally went into winter quarters near Memphis. Early in June, 1864, it joined the expedition which undertook to strike the Mobile & Ohio railroad in the vicinity of Tupelo. At Brice's crossroads it went in the fight with 19 commissioned officers and 300 muskets and got back to Memphis with 9 officers and about 150 men.one-half the force having been killed, wounded and captured. In July an attempt was made to retrieve the disaster and the regiment, now but a trifle over 100 strong, marched with the expedition. Engagements occurred at Harrisburg, Tupelo and Old Town creek, in which the regiment participated with some loss. It fought at the battle of Nashville, performed its part in the pursuit of Hood, and then went south and assisted in the reduction of Mobile and other forts. The regiment was mustered out on August 14. 1865. Of 1.085 composing it 528 officers and men were killed in battle, or died of wounds or disease in the service.

Ninety-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Joseph W. Vance; Lieutenant-Colonel, Albert H. Brown: Majors, Charles H. McElroy, Joseph Leonard. This regiment was organized at Camp Delaware, August T9 and 22. 1862, to serve for three years. Tt was consolidated into a battalion of five companies on November 18, 1864. At the time of its organization it numbered 1,014 men,  rank and file. Its first service was in Kentucky, occasioned by the Kirby Smith raid, but in November it was sent to Mississippi, where it took part in the first attack on Vicksburg at Chickasaw bluffs. On January 10, it landed near Arkansas Post and took an active part in the attack upon that fort on the subsequent day, with a loss of 10 killed and 26 wounded. It returned to Young's point, Louisiana, accompanied the army in its flanking movement to the rear of Vicksburg, and took part in the operations and siege of that city until its surrender. It then marched to Jackson, Mississippi, and took part in the siege of that place up to its evacuation; then marched to Bryan's station and Dry creek, and thence to Vicksburg. It then moved to Louisiana and in the desperate fight at Grand Coteau lost 9 killed, 33 wounded and 68 taken prisoners. It engaged in the battle of Sabine cross-roads, with a loss of 6 killed, 24 wounded and 26 taken prisoners, and in that terrible and ever memorable retreat to the Mississippi river it was fighting and skirmishing most of the way. It formed part of the forces in the siege and capture of Fort Gaines, then moved to the rear of Fort Morgan and engaged in the siege of that fort until it fell. It was engaged in the operations around Mobile, taking part in the siege of Spanish Fort until its evacuation and in the capture of the city. The regiment was mustered out on July 7, 1865, numbering at that date 427, including one company that had been transferred to it from the 42nd regiment.

Ninety-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, John Q. Lane; Lieutenant-Colonel, Milton Barnes; Major, James W. Moore. This regiment was organized at Zanesville, September 2, 1862, to serve for three years. It moved by rail to Covington heights, opposite Cincinnati, and during the Kirby Smith raid was in position near Fort Mitchel, 3 miles from the Ohio river. At the battle of Perryville it was with the main part of Buell's army and assisted in holding in check and driving back the Confederate forces in an attempt to turn the Union right. It was with the army at the battle of Stone's river, and in that engagement lost 25 men killed and wounded. In the battle of Missionary ridge the regiment lost 156 officers and men killed and wounded. It remained in East Tennessee the following winter and in May, 1864, entered upon the Atlanta campaign. It participated in an unsuccessful charge on Rocky Face ridge, with slight loss; was under constant fire for two days at Resaca, and at Adairsville it had a sharp fight, losing 20 men in less than 15 minutes. At Dallas it was under constant fire from May 25 to June 5. At Kennesaw mountain it made a charge on the enemy's position and with the assistance of the 28th Kentucky drove his outposts into his second line of works. On June 22 the regiment was ordered to drive in the Confederate outposts and of 153 men who were sent forward to perform that duty 112 were either killed or wounded in the space of 30 minutes. On June 27 a general charge was made on Kennesaw mountain and in this disastrous affair the regiment lost 35 men killed and wounded. At Peachtree creek seven determined charges were made against the point held by the regiment, but the little band of less than 300 men stood firm and so pleased were Generals Howard and Newton that they sought out the regiment and personally thanked the men for their bravery in standing up against the dreadful shock of the Confederate charges on the left. In addition an order was issued exempting the regiment from all further picket and fatigue duty during the campaign. The regiment participated in the action at Jonesboro and assisted in driving the enemy back to Lovejoy’s Station. Following Hood into Tennessee it fought at Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville and in the last engagement participated in two daring charges. The regiment spent the following winter in Alabama and after news had been received of the surrender of Lee returned to Nashville. The members whose term of service would have expired previous to October 1, 1865, were mustered out on June 10, and the remaining members were transferred to the 26th Ohio infantry. During its term of service the 97th lost 113 officers and men killed and 560 wounded.

Ninety-eighth Infantry.—Colonels, George Webster, Christian L. Poorman; Lieutenant-Colonel, John S. Pearce; Majors, James M. Shane, David E. Roatch. This regiment was organized at Steubenville, August 20 and 21, 1862, to serve for three years. It left Camp Mingo for Covington, Kentucky, where it received its arms, and then moved on to Lexington. In October it marched on the Bardstown turnpike and took a prominent part in the bloody battle of Perryville, losing 230 in killed and wounded. During the next year its operations were mostly in Tennessee. It participated in the battle of Chickamauga, going into the engagement with 196 men and 11 officers, and lost 50 killed and wounded and 2 taken prisoners. It next followed the Confederates up to Graysville, Georgia, where a brisk little skirmish occurred, resulting in a loss to the regiment of 5 or 6 men killed and wounded. It was with Sherman's army in the Atlanta campaign, participating in the engagements at Buzzard Roost gap, Resaca, Rome, Dallas, and Kennesaw mountain, losing in the last named battle 34 men killed and wounded. It also lost several men in the battle of Peachtree creek, and at Jonesboro it lost 41 killed and wounded. It proceeded with Sherman's army in its march to the sea and up through the Carolinas and took part in the fierce fight at Bentonville, N. C. The regiment was mustered out on June 1, 1865.

Ninety-ninth Infantry.—Colonels, Albert Longworthy, Peter T. Swaine; Lieutenant-Colonel, John E. Cummins; Majors, James H. Day, Benjamin F. Le Fever. This regiment was organized at Lima, August 22, 1862, to serve for three years. Seventeen hundred men were recruited for the regiment, but 700 were transferred to the 118th Ohio. The regiment left Camp Lima with an aggregate of 1,o21 men, under orders to report at Lexington, Kentucky, but was later ordered to Cynthiana. Hard marches and exposure in the warmest season of the year occasioned sickness from which the regiment suffered severely, and when it moved forward to take part in the battle of Stone's river it could only muster for duty 369 men, 2 field, 7 line, and 3 staff officers. In this battle the regiment lost 20 killed, 43 wounded and 30 captured. It was engaged during both days of the battle of Chickamauga and lost 5 killed, 28 wounded and 24 missing. On November 22, it moved up to Lookout valley, and two days later participated in the "battle above the clouds." On the next day it was engaged at Missionary ridge and in these two battles the regiment lost 4 killed and 12 wounded. The regiment then remained in camp at Shellmound until February, when it moved to Cleveland, Tennessee. and in May started on the Atlanta campaign. Its courage and discipline were tested and not found wanting at Rocky Face ridge. Kennesaw mountain, Pine mountain. Atlanta, Jonesboro and Lovejoy's Station, indeed during the whole campaign it was under fire almost daily, but its most severe engagement was on the night of June 20, near Kennesaw mountain, where each man of the regiment fired upon an average 150 rounds of ammunition, a growth of small timber in front of the line being mown down as if by a scythe. The regiment here lost 8 men killed and 17 wounded, and in the campaign 30 killed and 56 wounded. It followed Hood into Tennessee and at the battle of Nashville lost 9 men killed and wounded. It pursued the retreating enemy as far as Columbia, where it was consolidated with the .soth Ohio, and the 09th ceased to be an organization.

One Hundredth Infantry.—Colonels, John C. Groom, Patrick S. Slevin, Edwin S. Hayes; Lieutenant-Colonel, Frank Rundell; Major, John A. Shannon. This regiment was organized at Camp Toledo, in July. August and September, 1862, to serve for three years. It first moved to Cincinnati for the defense of that city and went into position on Covington heights, a few rods in front and to the left of Fort Mitchell. It remained in Kentucky for nearly a year, going wherever the presence of the enemy rendered it necessary, and then was sent to East Tennessee, where it participated in the defense of Knoxville. In the spring of 1864 it moved on the Atlanta campaign and was present at almost every battle from Rocky Face ridge to Atlanta. On August 6 it was engaged in an assault on the Confederate works in front of Atlanta, with a loss of 103 men out of 300. Thirty-six men were killed on the field and 8 more died from wounds within the next 30 days. After the evacuation of Atlanta it joined in the pursuit of Hood and participated in the battles of Franklin and Nashville. It then moved to North Carolina, was there actively engaged, and thence home, where it was mustered out on June 20, 1865. It lost during its term of service 65 men killed in action, 142 wounded, 27 died of wounds, 108 of disease, 325 were captured by the enemy, of whom 85 died in Confederate prisons.

One Hundred and First Infantry.—Colonels, Leander Stem, Isaac M. Kirby; Lieutenant-Colonels, John Franz, Moses F. Wooster, John Messer, Bedan B. McDonald; Major, Daniel H. Fox. This regiment was organized at Camp Monroeville, August 30, 1862, to serve for three years. In September, although not quite ready for field service, it was hurried by rail to Cincinnati and thence across the river to Covington, Kentucky, to assist in repelling a threatened raid by Kirby Smith. In October it marched with the Federal force in pursuit of General Bragg, and was engaged in the battle of Perryville. In this, its first encounter with the enemy, the regiment bore itself well and bravely, meriting and receiving the praises of its brigade and division commanders, and losing several men. It then moved into Tennessee and in the spirited encounter at Nolensville in December particularly signalized itself, behaving like a veteran regiment and capturing 2 bronze field pieces. At Stone's river it was in the hottest of the fight and on the third day of the battle was one of the regiments transferred to the left, where with the bayonet it helped to turn the tide of battle. The regiment lost in this engagement 219 killed and wounded. When the Tullahoma campaign was inaugurated the regiment moved with that portion of the army that demonstrated in the direction of Liberty gap, where it was engaged with Cleburne's Confederate division for two days. It crossed Lookout mountain to the field of Chickamauga, participated in both days of that battle, displaying great coolness and gallantry, and during the heat of battle on the second day retaking a Federal battery from the enemy, fighting over the guns with clubbed muskets. It marched with the army on the Atlanta campaign and was actively engaged in the almost constant fighting of that arduous march. It moved with the army around Atlanta, fighting at Jonesboro and Lovejoy’s Station and then returned to Atlanta. It followed Hood into Tennessee and was engaged in the battles of Franklin and Nashville. It was mustered out on June 12, 1865.

One Hundred and Second Infantry.—Colonel, William Given; LieutenantColonels, Absalom Baker, George H. Bowman, Jonas D. Elliott, John Huston; Major, George H. Topping. This regiment was organized at Mansfield, in August and September, 1862, to serve for. three years. It moved by rail to Covington, Kentucky, September 4, 1862, and was engaged in the defense of that city against General Kirby Smith. After about two weeks of duty it was sent to Louisville, Kentucky, participated in the defense of that city against General Bragg, and joined in the pursuit of his army on October 5, 1862. The regiment started for Nashville September 21, 1863, where it remained about six months. On April 26, 1864, it was transferred to Tullahoma, Tennessee, where it guarded the railroad from Normandy to Decherd until June 6. It then moved across the Cumberland mountains to Bellefonte, Alabama, arriving on June 10. and continued its march to Dodsonville, where it was employed on the defense of the Tennessee river from Stevenson to the foot of Seven-mile island, a distance of 50 miles. During the summer the regiment had frequent engagements with the enemy. On September 23 about 400 men of the regiment were ordered to reinforce the fort at Athens, Alabama, and on the 24th lost a large number of men killed and wounded, the remainder being captured and sent to Cahaba prison. After being paroled the prisoners were placed on board the ill-fated steamer Sultana, and as near as can be ascertained 70 perished in that disaster. The regiment was engaged at the siege of Decatur, Alabama, October 26-29, 1864. After the siege it was frequently engaged in sharp and severe skirmishes with the enemy until mustered out at Nashville, Tennessee, June 30, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department .

One Hundred and Third Infantry.—Colonel, John S. Casement; Lieutenant Colonels, James T. Sterling, Philip C. Hayes; Majors, DeWitt C. Howard, Henry S. Pickands. This regiment was organized in the state at large, in August and September, 1862, to serve for three years. Having received arms in Cincinnati, it crossed over to Covington, where it was furnished with clothing and other necessaries for camp life and thus equipped it marched out to Fort Mitchel. Its first year of service was spent in Kentucky, but in the fall of 1863 it was ordered to eastern Tennessee, where in its first engagement, at Blue Springs, it lost 3 killed, 4 wounded, and 6 taken prisoners. During the siege of Knoxville the regiment lost about 35 in killed and wounded. In May, 1864, it formed part of Sherman's grand army and in the engagement at Resaca lost over one-third of its effective force. The regiment lost heavily during the Atlanta campaign. On May 1 its effective force numbered 450 men, but when Atlanta had fallen it could only muster 195. It followed Hood to Tennessee and had another opportunity of showing its pluck at the battle of Spring Hill. After Hood had been driven from Nashville the regiment went to North Carolina, thence to Ohio, and was mustered out on June 12, 1865.

One Hundred and Fourth Infantry.—Colonels, James W. Reilly, Oscar W. Sterl; Lieutenant-Colonels, Asa S. Mariner, William J. Jordan; Majors, Lawrin D. Woodworth, Joseph F. Riddle. This regiment was organized at Camp Massillon, August 30, 1862, to serve for three years. It left for Cincinnati on September 1 and on its arrival was taken across the Ohio river to Newport, going into camp 3 miles out on the Alexandria turnpike. A few days later it was transferred to Covington and sent out to Fort Mitchel, at which point the advanced pickets of the Confederate forces were met and skirmished with, the regiment losing 1 man killed and 5 wounded. It continued to operate in Kentucky, watching and checkmating the movements of the Confederate forces, until the following summer, when it joined General Burnside's army in East Tennessee. Nothing of importance occurred until the siege of Knoxville, during which the regiment occupied various important positions under fire and lost several men wounded. It remained in that portion of Tennessee until early in April, 1864, when it was ordered to Cleveland, Tennessee, where troops were assembling preparatory to the Atlanta campaign. The regiment formed part of that grand army, participated in all its general engagements, and in the desperate assault at Utoy creek lost 26 killed and wounded. It followed Hood into Tennessee and at Columbia had a skirmish with a force of Confederate cavalry. The engagement at Franklin was the most severe the regiment had ever participated in, its loss there being 60 killed and wounded. It bore an honorable part in the battle of Nashville, then pursued the enemy to Clifton, Tennessee, and from there was ordered to North Carolina. It skirmished with the Confederates at Fort Anderson, charged the enemy at Town creek, where it captured a number of prisoners and a quantity of small arms, with a loss of 2 killed and 20 wounded. It was mustered out on June 17, 1865.

One Hundred and Fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Albert S. Hall; Lieutenant-Colonels, William R. Tolles, George T. Perkins; Major, Charles G. Edwards. This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland, August 20 and 21, 1862, to serve for three years. Within one hour after muster-in the regiment, 1,013 strong, was on the march to the station, under orders to leave the state. Its first field of operations was in Kentucky and after various marches in which it suffered much, it left Louisville in October, marched via Taylorsville and Bloomfield, to Perryville, where it was engaged in the battle of that name. The regiment went into this battle 800 strong and of these 48 were killed and 217 wounded, many of whom died of their wounds. Passing next into Tennessee, the regiment remained at Murfreesboro until the following June, when it broke camp to participate in the Tullahoma campaign. It was engaged at Chickamauga and was highly complimented by the brigade commander. The casualties of the regiment in this battle were 80 killed, wounded and prisoners, and as two of the largest companies were not in the engagement the casualties were proportionately very heavy. The regiment took part in the maneuvers at Chattanooga and participated in the battle of Missionary ridge, its loss being comparatively slight. In the long and fatiguing Atlanta campaign of many skirmishes and battles, the regiment made a good record, and although not immediately engaged in any of the heavy engagements, its casualties were large. After the fall of Atlanta it marched to the sea and up through the Carolinas, thence to Washington, and then home, being mustered out on June 3, 1865. Of the 1,o13 men who left Cleveland in 1862 only 427 were present at the final roll-call.

One Hundred and Sixth Infantry.—Colonel, George B. Wright; Lieutenant Colonel, Gustavus Tafel; Major, Lauritz Barentzen. This regiment, with the exception of Cos. I and K, was organized at Camp Dennison from August 26 to October 25, 1862, to serve for three years. Cos. I and K were organized at Camp Dennison, in September and October, 1864, to serve for one year. On September 4, 1862, the regiment was ordered to Covington, Kentucky, to aid in repelling Confederate forces and subsequently participated in several expeditions against General John Morgan. The regiment reached Hartsville, Tennessee, on November 28, and on December 7 had an engagement with the enemy which resulted in the loss of quite a number of men killed, wounded and missing. From this time forward the regiment did valuable service in guarding railroads and in numerous expeditions against guerrillas and bush-whackers in Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama. It was mustered out of service on June 29, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Seventh Infantry.—Colonel, Seraphim Meyer; Lieutenant Colonels, Charles Mueller, John S. Cooper; Majors, George Arnold, Augustus Vignos, Fernando C. Suhrer. This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland, September 9, 1862. to serve for three years. It first moved under orders to Covington, Kentucky, but soon afterwards was sent to Virginia, spending the winter at Brooks' station, and in the following April moved across the Rappahannock to Chancellorsville, where it took part in the battle of that name. In this disastrous affair the regiment lost 220 officers and men in killed, wounded and prisoners. In the first day's fight at Gettysburg it lost in killed, wounded and prisoners, 250 officers and men and in the second day's fight, in a charge during the afternoon, it against lost heavily in killed and wounded, but captured a Confederate flag from the 8th Louisiana Tigers. Its total loss in the battle of Gettysburg— killed, wounded and prisoners—was over 400 out of about 550, rank and file with which it entered. With 111 muskets, all that was left of the regiment, it joined in the pursuit of the Confederate army into Virginia. In August it sailed in transports to South Carolina, where it performed picket duty for several months. In December 1864, it was ordered to Deveaux neck, S. C., and while there had several skirmishes with the enemy, losing 5 men killed and 15 wounded. It did picket duty at Georgetown, S. C., until March, 1865, then marched to Sumterville, where it met and defeated the enemy, capturing 3 pieces of artillery, 6 horses and 15 prisoners; loss to the regiment, 4 men wounded. After the surrender it did provost duty at Charleston, until July 10, 1865, when it was mustered out and returned home.

One Hundred and Eighth Infantry.—Colonel, George T. Limberg; Lieutenant-Colonels, Carlo Piepho, Joseph Good; Majors, Frederick W. Elbreg, Jacob A. Egly, Frederick Beck, Jr. Eight companies of this regiment were organized from August 21 to December 19, 1862, and the remaining companies February 25 and 26, 1864, at Camp Dennison, to serve for three years. Although its organization was only partially completed, in consequence of the alarm created by the Kirby Smith raid, it was hurried over the river to Covington, Kentucky, and while there it received additions until it numbered about 600 men. After a short season spent in Kentucky it moved into Tennessee, and at Hartsville met with a terrible disaster, being attacked by Confederates under General John Morgan, and losing 46 killed, 162 wounded, while the remainder became prisoners of war. In due time the men were exchanged and the regiment took the field again. After spending the preceding winter in the vicinity of Chattanooga it entered the Atlanta campaign—one almost continuous scene of marching and fighting for four months. At Resaca, for 4 hours, the regiment stood firm amid a perfect hailstorm of bullets and lost many of its brave men, redeeming on this bloody field the unfortunate affair at Hartsville. At Kennesaw mountain and all the memorable places of that march the regiment was in its proper place, battling for its conception of right. In August, 1864, a few companies of the regiment, then accidentally in Chattanooga, participated in the engagement in front of Dalton with the Confederate General Wheeler's forces then besieging that place. A charge was ordered and executed by the regiment with such effect as to compel the Confederates to abandon the siege. The regiment joined in the "march to the sea" and in the subsequent campaign of the Carolinas, saving the day at Bentonville by a heroic resistance, the fact of which is proudly inscribed on the banner of the regiment. It was again engaged at the Neuse river, which was its last hostile meeting with the enemy, and was mustered out on June 9 and July 22, 1865.

NOTE.—The 109th regiment failed to complete its organization, and the men were transferred to the 113th Ohio infantry.

One Hundred and Tenth Infantry.—Colonel, J. Warren Keifer; LieutenantColonels, William N. Foster, Otho H. Binkley; Majors, William S. McElwain, Aaron Spangler. This regiment was organized at Camp Piqua, October 3, 1862, to serve for three years. It moved by railroad to Zanesville, thence by steamer to Marietta, and from there by railroad to Parkersburg. West Virginia It was engaged in various duties in the Old Dominion until the spring of 1863. when it participated in several small engagements in the vicinity of Winchester. It was at Brandy Station in November, where it captured between 30 and 40 prisoners, and later four companies of the regiment, which had been detached as a train guard, took a prominent part in the Mine Run campaign, losing 5 killed and 20 wounded. Occupying winter quarters at Brandy Station, in May it crossed the Rapidan, took a position on the extreme right of the Federal line at the Wilderness, and in the first day's fighting lost 19 killed. 88 wounded and 11 missing. At the close of the battle it moved through Chancellorsville to the vicinity of Spottsylvania Court House and there engaged in fortifying and skirmishing until May 14. when it marched toward Spottsylvania. waded the Ny river after dark, and occupied the enemy's works from which he had been driven. It was engaged at Cold Harbor, where in the assault on the Confederate works it was in the front line, losing 5 killed and 34 wounded. It was at Petersburg in June and then was transported to Maryland in time for the engagement at Monocacy, where it lost 4 killed, 74 wounded and 52 missing. In August it was engaged in several skirmishes in the vicinity of Cedar creek. In September it crossed the Opequan, and engaged in the battle of that name, charging the enemy three times and being among the first to occupy the heights at Winchester. It then joined the pursuit of the Confederates, engaging them at Fisher's hill, capturing 4 pieces of artillery and 100 prisoners. On October 19 it was engaged at Cedar creek and in the final effort, which resulted in the Confederate rout no regiment took a more active part than the 110th Ohio. It lost 5 killed, 29 wounded and 2 missing. In the spring of 1865 it was at Petersburg and on March 25 participated in the assault on the strongly intrenched picket line of the Confederates. On April 2 it again assisted in an assault upon the enemy's works, which resulted in gaining possession of the fortifications and many prisoners and guns. The regiment pursued the enemy, routing him at Sailor's creek, and continued the pursuit until the surrender of Lee. During its term of service the regiment was in 21 engagements and sustained a loss in killed, wounded and missing of 795 men. It was mustered out on June 25, 1865.

One Hundred and Eleventh Infantry.—Colonel, John R. Bond; LieutenantColonels, Benjamin W. Johnson, Moses R Brailey, Isaac R. Sherwood; Major, Thomas C. Norris. This regiment was organized at Camp Toledo, Sept . 5 and 6, 1862, to serve for three years. It was a northwestern Ohio regiment, having been raised in Sandusky, Lucas, Wood, Fulton, Williams and Defiance counties. It took the field at Covington, Kentucky, and remained in that state employed in various duties for the greater part of a year. It was then ordered to East Tennessee, where it was first engaged at Huff's ferry, losing only a few wounded, as it was on the right flank of the brigade and partially under cover of dense woods. At Loudon creek a brisk skirmish took place between the regiment and the 6th S. C. sharpshooters, composing General Longstreet's advance, and in this engagement the regiment lost 4 killed and 12 wounded. In the engagement at Campbell's station the regiment occupied the front line, directly in front of two batteries of Confederate artillery, and was for 6 hours exposed to the shells of the enemy's concentrated fire, but lost only 8 men killed and wounded. It passed through the siege of Knoxville, occupying the fort on College hill, and lost 6 men killed and wounded. After General Longstreet's retreat it took part in the skirmishes at Blain's cross-roads and Dandridge, and occupied an outpost 6 miles in front of the city when General Schoneld fell back the second time on Knoxville. In May the regiment united with the left wing of General Sherman's army to participate in the Atlanta campaign. It marched to Tunnel Hill on May 7, and on the following day skirmished into a position in front of Buzzard Roost gap. It had but seven companies engaged at Resaca, but out of the number 7 men were killed and 30 wounded. In the engagement at Dallas it lost 15 men killed and wounded. It was actively engaged in the siege of Kennesaw mountain, the battles at Pine and Lost mountains, on the Chattahoochee river, near Nickajack creek, at Peachtree creek, in the siege of Atlanta and the skirmishes at Utoy creek and Lovejoy's Station. It started on the Atlanta campaign with 180 men and of this number lost in killed and wounded 212. Following Hood into Tennessee, it participated in the skirmishes at Columbia and was detailed to remain in the rear to guard the forks of Duck river while General Thomas' army fell back on Franklin. In the fight at Franklin, out of 180 men engaged the regiment lost 22 men killed on the field and 40 wounded, many being killed by Confederate bayonets. It was severely engaged during both days of the fighting in front of Nashville and in a charge on the second day it captured 3 Confederate battleflags and a large number of prisoners, losing 7 killed and 15 wounded. After pursuing Hood for some distance, the regiment was sent to North Carolina, where it joined the army under General Terry and took an active part in the capture of Fort Anderson and in the skirmishes at Town creek and Goldsboro. It then did garrison duty at Salisbury until ordered home to be mustered out, the latter event occurring on June 27, 1865. The regiment numbered 1,o50 when it entered the service and received 85 recruits. Of these men 234 were discharged for disability, disease and wounds; 200 died of disease contracted in the service; 252 were killed in battle or died of wounds, and 401 were mustered out, leaving 48 unaccounted for. One Hundred and Twelfth Infantry.—This regiment failed to complete its organization and the men recruited for it were transferred to the 63d Ohio infantry.

One Hundred and Thirteenth Infantry.—Colonels, James A. Wilcox, John G. Mitchell; Lieutenant-Colonels, Darius B. Warner, Toland Jones; Majors, L. Starling Sullivant, Otway Watson. This regiment, with the exception of Cos., I and K, was organized at Camps Chase and Zanesville, from Oct . 10 to December 12, 1862. Co. I, formerly a company of the 109th Ohio infantry, was organized at Camp Dennison, December 1, 1862, and Co. K at Urbana and Columbus, from December 8, 1863, to March 31, 1864, all to serve for three years. In Dec, 1862, the regiment was ordered to Louisville, where danger was expected from the Morgan raid, and, although the organization was incomplete, in 2 hours it was on its way, finely equipped. After a few months spent in Kentucky it was ordered to Tennessee and in September, 1863, after a wearisome and trying march over the mountains, the regiment bore a distinguished part in the sanguinary battle of Chickamauga. being brought into action in the afternoon of the second day at the most critical point and moment. It was a bloody baptism for the regiment, as its loss was 138 officers and men out of 382. It moved to the relief of Knoxville and endured all the sufferings and trials of the campaign. Then the monotony of the winter was broken only by an occasional reconnoissance, until the regiment moved on the Atlanta campaign. It was in action at Resaca, Dallas and Kennesaw mountain. In the last named engagement the regiment formed the first line of assault and consequently lost heavily, the casualties being 10 officers and 153 men. In the numerous engagements around Atlanta the regiment was not actively concerned except at Peachtree creek, though it was always present and almost always exposed to the fire of the sharpshooters. It joined Sherman in his "march to the sea;" participated in the siege of Savannah; shared in all the labors and glories of the campaign in the Carolinas: was severely engaged at Bentonville. fighting hand-to-hand and during the heaviest of the battle leaping the breastworks to repel assaults from either direction. This was its last battle and it was mustered out on July 6, 1865.

One Hundred and Fourteenth Infantry.—Colonels, John Cradlebaugh. John H. Kelly: Lieutenant-Colonels. Horatio B. Maynard, John F. McKinley; Majors. John Lynch, Emanuel Gephart. Ephraim Brown. This regiment was organized at Camp Circleville, in September, 1862, to serve for three years. The 120th Ohio infantry was consolidated with it on November 27, 1864. In Dec, 1862, the regiment moved on transports down the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to Johnston's landing, on the Yazoo river, where it joined General Sherman's army, then about to operate in the rear of Vicksburg. Tt was present during the whole of the battle at Chickasaw bayou and was severely engaged on December 28 and 29, losing several in killed and wounded. The regiment was in the whole of the great Vicksburg campaign and participated in the battles of Port Gibson, Champion's hill. Big Black river, and the siege of Vicksburg. In the battle at Port Gibson it lost several men killed and wounded in a charge made upon the enemy about 5 p. m., in which the enemy was driven from the field and 2 pieces of artillery with a number of prisoners were captured. In the battle of Big Black river the regiment had a number killed and wounded, and this was also true in the charge at Vicksburg on May 22. It spent the following winter in the operations in Louisiana and Texas, and in April, 1864, while at Alexandria, Louisiana, was engaged in the affair at Graham's plantation, 12 miles out on the road. The last year's service of the regiment was devoted to various expeditions, guard duty, etc., and it was mustered out on July 31, 1865. It lost during its term of service 86 killed and wounded, about 200 died of disease, and quite a number were discharged for disability.

One Hundred and Fifteenth Infantry.—Colonels, Jackson A. Lucy, Thomas C. Boone; Lieutenant-Colonels, Asa H. Fitch, Harrington R. Hill. This regiment was organized in the counties of Portage, Stark and Columbiana in August and September, 1862, to serve for three years. It was ordered to Cincinnati and on October 9 was divided—five companies left at Cincinnati, where they acted as provost guard, and five sent to Columbus to perform guard duty. In October, 1862, the detachment sent to Columbus was ordered to Maysville, Kentucky, and in December to Covington, where it performed provost duty until October, 1863. It was then ordered to report at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and from there was sent to Murfreesboro, where a part of the regiment was mounted and sent out against Confederate guerrillas. In June, 1864, that part of the regiment not mounted was stationed in blockhouses on the line of the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad, to prevent the Confederates from destroying it. While engaged in this service the regiment had an engagement with Wheeler's forces at La Vergne. In the early part of Dec, 1864, nearly 200 members of the regiment stationed in blockhouses were captured and after being paroled were placed on the ill-fated steamer Sultana, which exploded on the Mississippi river, near Memphis, Tennessee, April 27, 1865. The regiment was engaged in several actions near Murfreesboro early in December 1864. The detachment stationed at Cincinnati in 1862-63 was engaged in guarding prisoners and forwarding convalescent soldiers to their respective regiments. In July, 1863, it was called out for 5 or 6 days in pursuit of General Morgan, then on his raid through Ohio. In October it was sent to the front and was assigned to the 4th division, 20th corps. The regiment was mustered out on June 22, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Sixteenth Infantry.—Colonel, James Washburn; Lieutenant-Colonels, Thomas F. Wildes, Wilbert B. Teters; Major, William T. Morris. This regiment was organized at Gallipolis and Marietta in September and October, 1862, to serve for three years. On October 16 it moved to Belpre, crossed the river to Parkersburg, and was immediately transported to Clarksburg, West Virginia, Its first engagement was at Moorefield, where it lost 2 or 3 men slightly wounded by fragments of shell, and about 20 were captured on the picket line. After a little scouting and foraging in the Moorefield valley, the regiment moved to Romney, where it had about 50 men captured while guarding a forage train. In June Cos. A and I participated in an engagement at Bunker Hill, and lost about half their number in killed and captured, the remainder making their escape with great difficulty. It was comparatively idle, so far as fighting was concerned, until the spring of 1864, when it started up the Shenandoah Valley under General Sigel. It participated in two charges at Piedmont, losing 176 men killed and wounded, and at Lynchburg it also lost several men. The regiment fought with courage at Snicker s ferry and participated in a charge which had much to do in deciding the fortunes of the day. At the battle of Halltown it lost quite heavily and was engaged with slight loss at Berryville. It participated in the battle of the Opequan, losing 4 killed and 22 wounded, and at the battle of Fisher's hill it charged a battery in the angle of the Confederate works, receiving the enemy's fire when only 100 yards distant, but rushed in and captured the battery in the very smoke of its discharge, losing 1 man killed and 4 wounded. It participated in the general engagement at Cedar creek and remained in that vicinity until December, when it joined the Army of the James. In the spring of 1865 it was engaged almost constantly, participated in the assault on Fort Gregg and then joined in the pursuit of the Confederates. It was mustered out on June 14, 1865.

One Hundred and Seventeenth Infantry.—(See 1st Heavy Artillery.)

One Hundred and Eighteenth Infantry.—Colonel, Samuel R. Mott; Lieutenant-Colonels, John Walkup, Thomas L. Young, Edgar Sowers; Majors, Lester Bliss, John W. Kincaid. This regiment was organized at Cincinnati and Camp Mansfield from September 12 to November 7, 1862, to serve for three years. It moved with other troops toward Lexington, Kentucky, and at Cynthiana was detached to guard the railroad. It was similarly occupied during nearly the entire first year of its service and then moved into East Tennessee, receiving its baptism of fire at the battle of Mossy creek, where it lost about 40 killed and wounded. The regiment was engaged in marching and counter-marching, with nothing of special interest occurring until the campaign of 1864, when in May it moved upon Dalton and from there advanced upon Resaca. At this place it participated in a charge upon the enemy's works and out of 300 men actually engaged it lost 116 in less than 10 minutes. After a few days' rest it engaged in the fierce battle of Dallas, bearing a gallant part. It was also engaged at Kennesaw mountain and in the final movements which occasioned the fall of Atlanta, losing in these latter operations about 75 men. At no time during the campaign, after June 1, did it number over 250 men and it was diminished at one time to 120. After the fall of Atlanta it fell back to Decatur, where it rested a short time and then joined in the pursuit of Hood. It participated in the battles of Franklin and Nashville and the pursuit of the retreating Confederates as far as Columbia. It then proceeded to North Carolina, where it participated in the capture of Fort Anderson, being the first regiment to plant its colors on the walls. It was engaged in the action at Town creek, and in the final movements against General Johnston at Mosely Hall. It was mustered out on June 24, 1865.

One Hundred and Nineteenth Infantry.—This regiment failed to complete its organization and the men recruited for it were transferred to the 124th Ohio infantry.

One Hundred and Twentieth Infantry.—Colonels, Daniel French, Marens M. Spiegel; Lieutenant-Colonels, John W. Beekman, Williard Slocum; Major, John F. McKinley. This regiment was organized at Mansfield from October 7 to 17, 1862, to serve for three years, and was consolidated with the 114th Ohio infantry on November 27, 1864. The regiment was mustered into the U. S. service with an aggregate of 949 men and its first service was performed in Kentucky. It remained in that state until ordered south preparatory for the Vicksburg campaign. The regiment was ordered to cover a working party engaged in laying a pontoon across Chickasaw bayou, and hence took no part in the assault on the bluffs, but it was exposed to the enemy's fire during the entire day. In the movement against Arkansas Post the regiment was in position on the extreme left of the line and charged directly upon the fort. In the battle of Port Gibson the loss of the regiment was 1 for every 8 it had engaged. It remained at Vicksburg as part of the besieging force until May 24, when it was ordered to the Big Black river to guard against an approach of Confederate forces under General Joe Johnston and remained there until after the fall of Vicksburg. It was actively engaged in the attack on Jackson from the day the investment began until the enemy evacuated the place and retreated across the Pearl river. In August the regiment was ordered to Louisiana and remained there until the following May, when, while on the transport "City Belle," on Red river, near Snaggy point, it was attacked by a large force of Confederates and compelled to surrender, only a few of the men escaping. The following November the regiment went out of existence by consolidation and up to that time the aggregate losses numbered 600 men.

One Hundred and Twenty-first Infantry.—Colonels, William P. Reid, Henry B. Banning; Lieutenant-Colonels, William S. Irwin, Maecenas C. Lawrence, Aaron B. Robinson; Majors, Reason R Henderson, John Yager, Jacob M. Banning. This regiment was organized at Delaware, September 11, 1862, to serve for three years. It entered Kentucky 985 strong, and participated in the fall campaign in that state, the most stirring event of which was the battle of Perryville, in which the regiment engaged at great disadvantage and of course did not win for itself much reputation for military efficiency. It remained in Kentucky doing guard duty until January, 1863, when it was ordered to Tennessee. It remained in that state during the summer and in the second day's fighting became fully engaged at the battle of Chickamauga. In a charge made by the regiment to save the only remaining road into Chattanooga, it performed feats of bravery second to no other in the army and won for itself an enduring name. It met and vanquished the 22nd Alabama Confederate infantry, capturing its colors and a majority of the regiment. But the loss of the 121st was severe—19 killed, 77 wounded and 3 missing, who were also probably killed. Falling back with the army behind the intrenchments at Chattanooga, the regiment remained quiet until the battles of Lookout mountain and Missionary ridge, in which it took a prominent part . It then remained in camp until it moved with the army on the Atlanta campaign. The first engagement on this campaign in which the regiment participated was that of Buzzard Roost gap, in which it drove the enemy from an important position. In the affair at Rome it was complimented by the brigade commander for having been first inside the city. It formed part of the charging column upon Kennesaw mountain and in that disastrous affair lost 164 killed and wounded. It was engaged at Peachtree creek, through the siege of Atlanta, and participated in the final assault at Jonesboro, which ended the Atlanta campaign. The regiment lost in that campaign 240, killed, wounded and captured—only one captured, however. The regiment marched with the expedition to Savannah and the sea and after the fall of that city joined in the movement through the Carolinas. At Bentonville, where the Federal forces were engaged with the enemy, it took a prominent part and lost 6 men killed and 20 wounded. This ended the fighting of the regiment and it was mustered out on June 8, 1865.

One Hundred and Twenty-second Infantry.—Colonel, William H. Ball; Lieutenant-Colonels, John M. Bushfield, Moses M. Granger, Charles M. Cornyn; Majors, Joseph Peach, John W. Ross. This regiment was organized at Zanesville from September 30 to October 8, 1862, to serve for three years. It left camp with an aggregate of 927 men, descended the Muskingum and encamped at Parkersburg, West Virginia. It did garrison and guard duty, participating in scouts, expeditions, etc., in Virginia for several months. At Union Mills, near Winchester, in June, 1863, Cos. A and F met the advance of J. E. B. Stuart's raid on the Strasburg road, and after a brisk skirmish retired to Winchester. The next day the entire regiment was engaged and at night, with other troops, forced a way through the Confederate lines and marched to Harper's Ferry. It took part in the skirmish at Brandy Station in November and later in the month crossed the Rapidan in the Mine Run campaign. It then returned to Brandy Station and established winter quarters on the farm of J. Minor Botts. In May the regiment maintained itself well through the fight of the Wilderness, losing on the first day over 120 men. In the subsequent movements to Spottsylvania it performed its full share of skirmish and picket duty, being under fire almost every day. Arriving at Totopotomy creek, it was placed on the skirmish line and aided in capturing a line of rifle pits from the enemy. It then moved to Cold Harbor and was engaged in a general assault on the Confederate works, taking and holding those in its front. It then crossed the Appomattox, marched to the lines in front of Petersburg, and after some heavy skirmishing obtained possession of the Weldon railroad. It marched to Reams' station, fortified, destroyed a mile or two of railroad and then returned to Petersburg. Being then sent to Maryland, one-half of the regiment fought in the battle of Monocacy. After various marches and skirmishes the regiment became engaged in the battle of the Opequan, and a few days later fought at Fisher's hill. On October 19 it was again actively engaged and assisted in driving General Early across Cedar creek. It was then sent to the lines before Petersburg and in March assisted in capturing and holding the Confederate picket trenches. It participated in the final assault on April 2, and marching in pursuit of the Confederates was present at Lee's surrender. The regiment was mustered out on June 26, 1865, with an aggregate of 585 men.

One Hundred and Twenty-third Infantry.—Colonel, William T. Wilson; Lieutenant-Colonels, Henry B. Hunter, Horace Kellogg; Major, A. Baldwin Norton. This regiment was organized at Monroeville from August to October, 1862, to serve for three years. It was assigned to western Virginia and spent the winter in that section, nothing of interest occurring in the way of actual conflict until the spring of 1863. It then participated in the engagement with General Early at Winchester, in which it lost in killed and wounded nearly 100 men, and the following day the entire regiment, with the exception of Co. D, became prisoners of war as a result of the surrender of the whole brigade. The following September the men were exchanged, but it did nothing but provost and picket duty until the spring of 1864. In May it participated in the sharp fight at New Market, with a loss of 79, and in the affair at Piedmont in June. The regiment lost a number of men, killed, wounded and missing, in the fight at Lynchburg, and then shared in the disastrous retreat to the Kanawha valley. It started on this expedition of General Hunter's with 700 men, and returned to the leaving point with 250. In July, Early's Confederate corps was met at Snicker's gap and in the brisk fight which ensued the regiment lost a number of men. It was also engaged in another affair with Early at Winchester. At Berryville in September the regiment had a sharp fight with the enemy and lost 25 men, killed, wounded and captured, and at the Opequan it formed part of the grand flanking column which changed the fortunes of the day. The loss of the regiment in this battle was 5 officers and about 50 men. The infantry extended the pursuit of the enemy to Fisher's hill, at which place the devoted Confederates were charged and scattered like chaff. In this action the regiment lost 6 men It was again engaged at Cedar creek and soon thereafter joined General Butler near Bermuda Hundred and remained there during the winter. In the long skirmish which ended in the fall of Petersburg the regiment captured 2 battleflags and a number of prisoners, but its loss was quite severe. Then began the pursuit of Lee's army, the regiment being included in a force sent out on an expedition to burn High bridge near Farmville, but just as the regiment was opening a fight with a brigade of home-guards the Confederate cavalry in advance of Lee's army came in the rear, and after a desperate fight with heavy loss on both sides the Federal forces, including the regiment, were captured. The members of the regiment remained prisoners of war until Appomattox Court House was reached, at which place the Confederate army surrendered, and the prisoners were of course released. The regiment left immediately for home, and was mustered out on June 12, 1865.

One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, Oliver H. Payne; Lieutenant-Colonel, James Pickands; Majors, James B. Hampson, George W. Lewis. This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland from August to September, 1862, to serve for three years. In January, 1863, it went via Cincinnati to Louisville, and thence to Elizabethtown, Kentucky, where it made its first camp. In March it was transferred to Tennessee, went into camp near Franklin, and during the month had frequent skirmishes with the Confederates—one in particular, at Thompson's station, giving the regiment a fine chance to exhibit its efficiency of movement in battle. Nothing further of special interest occurred during the summer, but in September the regiment was one of the large force gathered in the vicinity of Chattanooga. In the first day's fight at Chickamauga, in summing up the losses, it was found that 100 gallant men of the regiment were either killed, wounded or captured, and the total loss in the battle was 140. In the heroic charge at Missionary ridge the regiment captured 7 pieces of artillery, 2 caissons, 80 stands of arms and a wagon-load of ammunition, its loss being 23 killed, 4 wounded and 19 missing. After spending a dreary winter in East Tennessee, the regiment was ready for the Atlanta campaign, first engaging the enemy at Rocky Face ridge, where it made a charge against his works and suffered severely. Marching and fighting it made its way to Resaca and then until the flanking movement at Jonesboro and consequent evacuation of Atlanta. It then followed Hood into Tennessee, participated in the battle of Nashville and at its close joined in the pursuit of the defeated and demoralized Confederate army. It then returned to Nashville and was mustered out on July 9, 1865.

One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Emerson Opdycke; Lieutenant-Colonels, Henry B. Banning, David H. Moore, Joseph Bruff; Major, George L. Wood. This regiment was organized at Columbus and Camp Cleveland from September 16, 1862, to December 5, 1863, to serve for three years. Co. A was mustered out of service on June 8, Co. B on June 20, and the remaining companies on September 25, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department. The following is an official list of battles in which this regiment bore an honorable part, as given in the Official Army Register: Franklin, Tennessee. (March 9. 1863): Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Dandridge, Rocky Face Ridge. Resaca, Adairsville, New Hope Church. Kennesaw mountain. Big Shanty, Peachtree creek, siege of Atlanta. Jonesboro, Lovejoy's Station, Spring Hill, Franklin (November 30, 1864), and Nashville. Chickamauga was the first general engagement the regiment participated in, and just as it entered the battle Colonel Opdyke turned in his stirrups and said: "Men of the 125th Ohio, if I or others fall, stand in the ranks until victory is ours." At a crucial moment during the second day's fighting, Gens. Thomas and Garfield rode up to the regiment, and the former said: "This point must be held." And to this Colonel Opdyke replied: "We will hold this ground or go to Heaven from it." Then ordering the regiment to fix bayonets, he rode to the front and said: "Men, I will lead you; follow me!" and plunged into the midst of the fight, followed by the entire brigade. While the battle was raging at its fiercest Opdyke rode along the ranks of his regiment and raising his voice above the din, said: "Stand firm, my boys; I am willing to fight for my country, to die for her, and I hope you are with me." His men responded with cheers and the enemy was repulsed at that point with great slaughter. So prominent was the bravery and the noble fighting of the regiment that General Rosecrans gave it a personal compliment, and General Woods christened it "The Tiger Regiment of Ohio." This fittingly describes the morale of the regiment, and the list of battles tells the story of its heroic service.

One Hundred and Twenty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Benjamin F. Smith; Lieutenant-Colonels, William H. Harlan, Aaron W. Ebright, Thomas W. McKinnie; Majors, George W. Voorhes, William G. Williams. This regiment was organized at Camp Steubenville from September 4 to October 11, 1862, to serve for three years, and was sent to Parkersburg, West Virginia, a few days later. It remained in the western part of Virginia during the succeeding winter and spring, and in June was engaged in a brisk skirmish at Martinsburg, in which Co. I was captured entire by the enemy. At Bristoe Station in October the regiment and its corps took part in a fight with a portion of Lee's army, and for many days thereafter were engaged in skirmishing with the enemy up to Centerville. After spending the winter at Brandy Station, the regiment in April, 1864, went to Rixeyville, where it remained until the opening of the grand campaign under General Grant, in his march on Richmond. It took part in every engagement of the campaign, from the crossing of the Rapidan to the crossing of the James. The loss of the regiment at Spottsylvania was 16 killed and 54 wounded, and in front of Cold Harbor it was in the assault of Ricketts' division. 6th corps, on the enemy's works, carrying and holding them under a heavy fire. After crossing to the south side of the James the regiment participated in all the marches, skirmishes, etc., of the 6th corps, up to July 2, when it went into intrenchments at the Williams house, 5 miles south of Petersburg. Four days later it embarked for Baltimore, and there took cars for Monocacy Junction, where it played an important part in the severe battle of Monocacy, in which it lost heavily. It marched in pursuit of General Early's army and participated in engagements at Snicker's gap, Charlestown and Smithfield. It was in the battle known as the Opequan, losing a large number in killed and wounded. In the action at Fisher's hill the regiment performed a conspicuous part, losing 4 men killed and 17 wounded. Then it was engaged in a number of marches and countermarches, arriving at Cedar creek just in time to take part in the memorable battle of that name. In December it rejoined the Army of the Potomac and spent the winter in the trenches around Petersburg. In a charge on the enemy's picket lines on March 25, 1865, the regiment behaved with great gallantry, being the first to enter the intrenchments. At 3 a. m., April 2, it went into position in the front line of battle and participated in the charge which was to dissipate the last hope of the Confederate States. The regiment was mustered out on June 25, 1865. It lost during its term of service 9 officers and m men killed; to officers and 379 men wounded; aggregate, 509.

One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Infantry.—(See 5th U. S. Colored Troops.)

One Hundred and Twenty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, Charles W. Hill: Lieutenant-Colonels, William S. Pierson, Edward A. Scovill, Thomas H. Linnell; Major, Junius R. Sanford. This regiment was organized at Columbus, Johnson's island, and Camp Cleveland from December 7, 1861, to January 8, 1864, to serve for three years. Cos. A, B. C and D were originally known as Hoffman's battalion and were transferred to this regiment January 5, 1864. The regiment was principally engaged in guarding Confederate prisoners at Johnson's island, but had frequently furnished detachments for service elsewhere, including a short but active campaign in pursuit of Confederate troops in West Virginia in 1862. The original members of Cos. A and B were mustered out on January 20, and February 28, 1865, by reason of expiration of term of service, and the remainder of the regiment was mustered out on July 13, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Infantry.—Colonel, Howard D. John; Lieutenant-Colonel, George L. Hayward; Major, Charles Mitchener. This regiment was organized at Cleveland, August 10, 1863, to serve for six months, and on the same day started for Camp Nelson, Kentucky. On August 20 it left Camp Nelson for Cumberland gap, at which place it assisted in the capture of the Confederate garrison—more than 2,000 prisoners, with a large amount of war materials of all kinds. The regiment remained at and about the gap, engaged in foraging, scouting, picket duty, etc., until December 1, when it was ordered to move in the direction of the Clinch river, which was reached the next day, at a point where the Knoxville road crosses that stream. There a sharp engagement was in progress, in which the regiment took an active part. From Dec 2 to 31, the regiment had occasional skirmishes with the enemy. It was mustered out from March 4 to 10, 1864.

One Hundred and Thirtieth Infantry.—Colonel, Charles H. Phillips; Lieutenant-Colonel, John Faskin; Major, Elijah B. Hall. This regiment was organized at Johnson's island from May 13 to 31, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 1st regiment Ohio National Guard, from Lucas county, and the 75th battalion Ohio National Guard, from Fulton county. The regiment left Toledo on May 12, 1864, to report to Brigadier General Hill at Sandusky for consolidation and muster-in. It moved to Johnson's island and was engaged in guarding Confederate prisoners. On June 4 the regiment took the cars for Washington, D. C. It remained there but three days, when it embarked on the transport George Weems and reported to General Butler at Bermuda Hundred, from which place it was ordered to Point of Rocks. The time was occupied in drilling, digging rifle-pits and picketing the lines until June 21, when it marched to Deep Bottom and remained there until August 11. It was mustered out at Toledo, September 22, 1864, on expiration of term of service.

One Hundred and Thirty-first Infantry.—Colonel, John G. Lowe; Lieutenant-Colonel, Levi Waltz; Major, Elijah Gilbert . This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 14, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 2nd and 12th regiments Ohio National Guard, both from Montgomery county, except Captain Beard's company of the 12th, which went to the 132nd Ohio Infantry. The regiment was ordered to report at Camp Chase for consolidation and muster-in, and on May 14 orders were received placing it immediately en-route to Baltimore. Upon its arrival at Baltimore the regiment was assigned to garrison duty at Forts McHenry and Marshall and on Federal hill. It remained in charge of the forts until August 19, when it left for home, arriving at Columbus on the 21st and was mustered out four days later, on expiration of term of service.

One Hundred and Thirty-second Infantry.—Colonel, Joel Haines; Lieutenant-Colonel, John J. Patton; Major, Andrew P. Meng. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 15, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of three companies of the 42nd battalion Ohio National Guard, from Montgomery country, and the 38th Ohio National Guard, from Logan county. On May 22 the regiment marched to Columbus, where it took the cars for Washington, D. C, arriving May 24, and was ordered into camp near Fort Albany. On May 30 it embarked at Alexandria on the steamer John Brooks and proceeded to White House, reporting on arrival to General A. J. Smith. It remained there performing fatigue and picket duty until June 11, when it embarked on a steamer and proceeded to Bermuda Hundred. On August 12 it embarked for Norfolk, where it remained until August 27, at which time it started for Columbus. It was mustered out on September 10, 1864, its term of service having expired.

One Hundred and Thirty-third Infantry.—Colonel, Gustavus S. Innis; Lieutenant-Colonel, William Ewing; Major, Joseph M. Clark. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 6, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of two companies of the 58th battalion Ohio National Guard, from Hancock county, and two companies of the 76th battalion Ohio National Guard, from Franklin county. The regiment was immediately ordered to Parkersburg, West Virginia, where it arrived on May 8. From this place it was ordered to New creek, thence to Washington, D. C., and on June 7 was ordered to Bermuda Hundred, where it arrived on June 12. On June 16 the brigade to which it was assigned was ordered to destroy the Richmond & Petersburg railroad. The regiment was assigned to the support of a battery, which opened a cannonade on the enemy, and then with other troops, succeeded in holding the Confederates in check for 5 hours. On July 17 it embarked at Point of Rocks and proceeded to Fort Powhatan, where it was employed on work on the fortifications and in repairing telegraph lines. On August 10 it proceeded to Washington, thence to Camp Chase, where it was mustered out on August 20, 1864.

One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, James B. Armstrong; Lieutenant-Colonel, David W. Todd; Major, John C. Baker. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 6, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of two companies of the 94th battalion Ohio National Guard, from Shelby county, one company of the 58th battalion, from Hancock county, and the 4th regiment Ohio National Guard, from Shelby county. On May 7 it was ordered to Cumberland, Maryland, via Parkersburg, West Virginia It remained at Cumberland until June 6, when it moved to Washington City and proceeded from there to White House. It did not disembark, but proceeded immediately to City Point, where it aided in pontooning the river, building roads, and on June 17 was engaged in a skirmish with the enemy near Port Walthall Junction. It was mustered out on August 31, 1864.

One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Andrew Legg; Lieutenant-Colonel, Conduce H. Gatch; Major, David Thomas. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May n, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 5th Ohio National Guard, from Licking county, and the 32nd battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Hardin county. It started on the day of its organization for Cumberland, Maryland, but was soon ordered to Martinsburg, and the companies were distributed along the Baltimore & Ohio railroad at Kearneysville, North mountain, Van Clevesville, and Opequan Station, with headquarters at Martinsburg. The companies at North mountain were surrounded by the enemy and after about 3 hours of hard fighting were compelled to surrender. The regiment encamped near Maryland heights until July 6, when it moved to John Brown's school-house, at which place it was engaged in a skirmish. After this it was placed on the heights to guard the artillery and remained on duty there until it was ordered to be mustered out. It arrived at Camp Chase on August 28, and was mustered out on September 1, 1864.

One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Infantry.—Col, W. Smith Irwin; Lieutenant-Colonel, David A. Williams: Major, Alexander W. Diller. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 13. 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of four companies of the 62nd battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Union county; five companies of the 56th battalion, from Morrow county; three companies of the 6th battalion, from Crawford county, and one company of the 89th battalion, from Marion county. It left Camp Chase on the evening of May 13 for Washington. D. C, and on May 20 was placed on garrison duty at Forts Ellsworth, Williams and North, a part of the defenses of Washington south of the Potomac. It remained on garrison duty during its term of service, which expired on August 20, and was mustered out on August 30, 1864.

One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, Leonard A. Harris; Lieutenant-Colonel, George M. Finch; Major, George A. Vandegrift. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 10, 1864, for 100 days. It was designated under the militia law of Ohio as the 7th Ohio National Guard, composed of citizens of Cincinnati, and was organized for the 100 days' service as the 137th Ohio volunteer infantry. It was put enroute for Washington, D. C., on May 12, but on reaching Baltimore it was retained there and assigned to duty at Fort McHenry, with detachments at Forts Federal Hill, Marshall and Carroll, and at various headquarters in Baltimore. On August 1 it was concentrated at Fort Marshall and there remained until the 14th, when its term having expired, it was transported to Camp Dennison, O, and mustered out on August 19, 1864.

One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, Samuel S. Fisher; Lieutenant-Colonel, Eri F. Jewett; Major, Charles Gilpin. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, May 15, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 5th Ohio National Guard, from Licking county; the 32nd battalion, from Hardin county, and one company of the 37th battalion, from Lorain county. It proceeded at once via Baltimore & Ohio railroad, to Washington, D. C, where it arrived on May 22, and was placed in the defenses south of the Potomac, with headquarters at Fort Albany, detachments being stationed at Forts Craig and Tillinghast. On June 15 the regiment was ordered to White House landing, where it was employed in picket duty and in guarding Confederate prisoners. On June 16 it was ordered to Bermuda Hundred and proceeded on steamer to Fort Powhatan.' On June 19 it arrived at Fort Spring Hill on the eastern bank of the Appomattox, opposite Point of Rocks, and was engaged in picket and fatigue duty at Point of Rocks and Broadway landing. It next moved to Cherrystone inlet and companies were distributed at various points to guard telegraph lines and to intercept blockade runners and Confederate mail-carriers. It was mustered out on September 1, 1864.

One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Infantry.—Lieutenant-Colonel, Jacob L. Wayne; Major, Alonzo W. Baker. This regiment, composed of nine companies, was organized at Camp Chase, from May 13 to 21, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 9th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Cincinnati; one company of the 82nd battalion, from Van Wert county; and one company of the 71st battalion, from Ottawa county. Soon after the organization it started via The Central Ohio and Baltimore & Ohio railroads for Washington, D. C., where it went into barracks. On June 1 it was placed on duty at Point Lookout, Maryland, where it was engaged in guarding Confederate prisoners until August 22, when it moved to Baltimore and from there to Camp Chase, Ohio, where on August 26, 1864, it was mustered out on expiration of its term of service.

One Hundred and Fortieth Infantry.—Colonel, Robert B. Wilson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Van B. Hibbs; Major, David T. Harkins. This regiment was organized at Gallipolis, May 10, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 15th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Meigs county, and the 20th regiment, from Scioto county. Immediately after the organization it was sent to Charleston, West Virginia, to relieve the veteran troops stationed at that point. The entire period of service was spent in frontier duty and guarding army stores along the Kanawha and Gauley rivers. The regiment was mustered out on September 3, 1864, at Gallipolis.

One Hundred and Forty-first Infantry.—Colonel, Anderson D. Jaynes; Lieutenant-Colonel, Taylor W. Hampton; Major, Archibald D. Brown. This regiment was organized at Gallipolis, from May 11 to 14, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 36th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Athens county; 16th battalion, from Gallia county; part of the 84th battalion, from Adams county; and a part of the 20th battalion, from Scioto county. On May 21 it was ordered to report at Charleston, West Virginia, to relieve the 13th West Virginia infantry. The regiment remained at this point on guard duty until August 25, when it was ordered to Gallipolis, O., and there mustered out on September 3, 1864.

One Hundred and Forty-second Infantry.—Colonel, William C. Cooper; Lieutenant-Colonel, William Rogers; Major, William M. Young. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 13, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 22nd battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Knox county; 68th battalion, from Williams county; and a part of the 69th battalion, from Coshocton county. On May 14 it left Columbus for Martinsburg, West Virginia, where it remained until May 19, when it left for Washington, D. C. From Washington it marched to Fort Lyon and remained there until June 5, when orders were received to report to General Abercrombie, at White House landing. It took steamer at Alexandria on June 7 and arrived at White House on the 9th, but was immediately sent to guard a supply-train through the Wilderness to General Grant's front near Cold Harbor. It was then ordered to report at Bermuda Hundred, but without being permitted to land it was conveyed on transports to Point of Rocks. On August 19, it received orders to repair to Washington City and thence to Camp Chase, O., where it was mustered out on September 2, 1864.

One Hundred and Forty-third Infantry.—Colonel, William H. Vodrey; Lieutenant-Colonel, John D. Nicholas; Major, John L. Straughn. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 12 and 13, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 18th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Columbiana county, and a part of the 69th battalion, from Coshocton county. On May 15 it left Camp Chase for Washington, D. C., and was placed on garrison duty in Forts Slemmer, Totten, Slocum and Stevens north of the Potomac. On June 8 it embarked for White House, Virginia, but without debarking was ordered to Bermuda Hundred. It was assigned to the 10th corps and was placed in the intrenchments at City Point, where it remained until ordered to Fort Pocahontas. It was relieved from duty at Fort Pocahontas on August 29 and proceeded to Camp Chase, Ohio, where it arrived on September 5, 1864, and was mustered out on the 13th on expiration of term of service.

One Hundred and Forty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, Samuel H. Hunt; Lieutenant-Colonel, Frederick R. Miller; Major, Marquis D. L. Buell. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 11, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 64th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Wood county, and the 19th battalion, from Wyandotte county. It was ordered to report without delay to General Wallace at Baltimore. Upon its arrival in that city Cos. G and K were detached for duty in the fortifications and the remainder of the regiment reported to General Morris at Fort McHenry. From there Co. E was ordered to Wilmington, Delaware; Co. B to Camp Parole, near Annapolis; and Co. I to Fort Dix, at the Relay House. On May 18 the regiment was relieved from duty at Fort McHenry and ordered to the Relay House. Cos. B, G and I were in the engagement at Monocacy Junction, losing in killed, wounded and prisoners about 50 men. On July 13 the regiment was ordered to Washington and from there moved toward Winchester. It halted at Snicker's gap and was moved back toward Washington, but it was soon again faced toward the Shenandoah Valley, moving via Harper's Ferry. On August 13 a portion of the regiment, while guarding a train near Berryville, Virginia, was attacked by Mosby's command with 2 pieces of artillery. The detachment lost 5 killed, 6 wounded and 60 captured. The regiment was mustered out August 24 and 31, 1864, on expiration of term of service.

One Hundred and Forty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Henry C. Ashwill; Lieutenant-Colonel, Lloyd A. Lyman; Major, Henry C. Olds. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 12, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 21st battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Delaware county, and the 13th battalion, from Erie county; It was immediately ordered to Washington, D. C., and on its arrival was assigned to General Augur as garrison for Forts Whipple, Woodbury, Tillinghast and Albany, comprising the southern defenses of Washington on Arlington heights. The service of the regiment consisted principally of garrison and fatigue duty. On August 20, the time of its enlistment having expired, it was moved by the Baltimore & Ohio railroad to Baltimore and thence by the Northern Central, Pennsylvania Central, etc., to Camp Chase, where on August 24 it was mustered out.

One Hundred and Forty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Harvey Crampton; Lieutenant-Colonel, John R. Hitesman; Major, Thomas W. Brown. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, May 9 to 12, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 31st regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Warren county; 35th battalion, from Clarke county; and the 24th battalion, from Lawrence county. On May 17 it moved to Charleston, West Virginia, when Cos. A and H were detailed to guard Confederate prisoners at Camp Chase, O. On May 23 the regiment proceeded to Fayetteville, where it performed garrison duty. On August 27 it was ordered to report at Camp Piatt for transportation to Ohio, and was mustered out on September 7, 1864.

One Hundred and Forty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, B. F. Rosson; Lieutenant-Colonel, John R. Woodward; Major, John B. Shannon. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, May 16, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 25th regiment and 87th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Miami county, and on May 20 started for Washington, D. C. Upon arrival it reported to General Augur and was ordered on duty at Fort Ethan Allen. On May 27 four companies were ordered to Fort Marcy. On June 1 Co. A was detailed to perform guard duty at division headquarters and remained there during its term of service. At midnight on June 11 the regiment was ordered to Fort Reno. Marching as far as Fort Stevens, it moved into the trenches as a support to the 1st Me. and 1st Ohio batteries. In this position it remained until July 4, when it returned to Fort Ethan Allen. On August 23, it was ordered to report at Camp Dennison, O., and was mustered out on August 30, 1864.

One Hundred and Forty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel. Thomas W. Moore; Lieutenant-Colonel, Isaac B. Kinkead; Major, William L. Edmiston. This regiment was organized at Marietta, May 17 and 18, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 46th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Washington county, and the 26th battalion, from Vinton county. On May 23 the regiment left Marietta for the field. After remaining about 10 days at Harper's Ferry it moved to Washington and on June 9 left that city for White House. On the nth it left White House, arrived at Bermuda Hundred on the 12th, and on the 13th went into General Butler's intrenchments at the front. On the 16th seven companies, under command of the lieutenant-colonel, left Bermuda Hundred for City Point. The regiment left City Point on August 29, arrived at Marietta on September s, and was there mustered out on September 14, 1864.

One Hundred and Forty-ninth Infantry.—Colonel Allison L. Brown; Lieutenant-Colonel, Owen West; Major, Ebenezer Rozelle. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, May 8 to n, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 27th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Ross county, and the 55th battalion, from Clinton county. On May 11 it left the state for Baltimore, Maryland, where it was assigned to duty at various forts in and around the city, remaining there until May 29, when it was ordered to the eastern shore of Maryland and distributed at different points. About July 4 it was ordered to Monocacy Junction and on the 9th took part in an engagement with the enemy. The regiment lost in killed and wounded about 30 and in prisoners over 100. After the battle of Monocacy it took part with the 6th and 19th corps in the marches in Maryland and Virginia. Portions of the regiment were with the 144th when it was attacked by Mosby's guerrillas at Berryville, Virginia. The regiment returned to Ohio on August 20, 1864, and was mustered out on the 30th.

One Hundred and Fiftieth Infantry.—Colonel, William H. Hay ward; Lieutenant-Colonel, John N. Frazee; Major, J. Dwight Palmer. This regiment was organized at Cleveland, May 5, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 29th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Cuyahoga county; one company of the 30th battalion, from Cuyahoga county; and one company of the 37th regiment, from Lorain county. The regiment immediately started for Washington, D. C., and on arrival it was ordered to garrison Forts Lincoln, Saratoga, Thayer, Bunker Hill, Slocum, Totten and Stevens, forming part of the chain of fortifications surrounding the national capital. The regiment remained in these forts during the whole term of its service and participated in the fight before Washington with a part of General Early's corps on July 10 and 11. It was mustered out on August 23, 1864.

One Hundred and Fifty-first Infantry.—Colonel, John M. C. Marble; Lieutenant-Colonel, Richard T. Hughes; Major, John L. Williams. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 13, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 33d regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Allen county, and the 57th battalion, from Hocking county. On May 14 the regiment left Camp Chase for Washington, D. C., via Ohio Central and Baltimore railroads. It reached Washington on May 21, reported to General Augur, and was stationed at Forts Sumner, Mansfield and Simmons. During the active operations of the Confederates against Washington in July the larger part of the regiment was under fire, several of the companies being in the forts which were engaged in the battle. Cos. C and G were at Fort Stevens, I at Battery Smead, and K at Fort Kearny. On August 17 orders were received to concentrate the regiment at Fort Simmons, and from this place it moved via Baltimore and Pittsburg to Camp Chase, where it arrived on the 23d. It was mustered out on August 27, 1864.

One Hundred and Fifty-second Infantry.—Colonel, David Putman; Lieutenant-Colonel, Edward M. Doty; Major, John H. Hunter. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, from May 8 to 11, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 28th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Darke county, and two companies of the 35th regiment, from Clarke county. The regiment left Camp Dennison about the middle of May and on its arrival at New creek, West Virginia, went into camp, where it performed guard and picket duty. From New creek it marched to Martinsburg and on June 4 started for the front, reaching Beverly, Virginia, on June 27. During this march it was twice attacked by the Confederates. After resting a couple of days at Beverly it started for Cumberland, Maryland, where it arrived on July 2. From here detachments were sent to various points, but they returned to Cumberland about the last of July and the regiment was mustered out on September 2, 1864

One Hundred and Fifty-third Infantry.—Colonel, Israel Stough; Lieutenant Colonel, Marcellus A. Leeds; Major, Zedekiah South. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, May 10, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 41st regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Clermont county, and a part of the 35th regiment, from Clarke county. It immediately started for Harper's Ferry, West Virginia, and the greater part of May and June was consumed by the regiment in performing guard duty at Harper's Ferry and along the line of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad. In the latter part of June it was ordered to join General Butler's forces at Bermuda Hundred and hold itself subject to his orders. A detachment of the regiment was engaged with the enemy at Hammack's mills, North river, West Virginia, on July 3, and lost several officers and men killed and wounded. It was mustered out on September 9, 1864

One Hundred and Fifty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, Robert Stevenson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Joseph E. Wilson; Major, William A. Neil. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, May 9, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 23d battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Madison county, and the 60th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Green county. On May 12 it proceeded via Columbus and Bellaire to New creek, West Virginia, arriving on the evening of the 14th. On the 22nd Co. F was ordered to Piedmont, where it remained until the regiment started to Ohio for muster-out. The regiment performed guard, picket and escort duty until May 29, when one company moved to Youghiogheny bridge and the remaining eight companies to Greenland gap. On June 4 a detachment of the regiment had a skirmish with McNeil's battalion near Moorfield. Detachments of the regiment were sent out on various scouting expeditions from June 12 to July 4, and on July 25 the regiment again fell back to New creek. An attack was made by the Confederates on the forces at New creek on August 4. On the evening of August 22 the regiment started for Ohio and was mustered out on September 1, 1864.

One Hundred and Fifty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Harley H. Sage; Lieutenant-Colonel, Roswell Shurtleff; Major, Peter Lutz. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, May 8, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 92nd battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Pickaway county, and the 44th battalion, from Mahoning county. Immediately after muster-in it was ordered to New creek, West Virginia, and upon arrival was sent to Martinsburg, where it performed garrison and escort duty until June 3, when it was ordered to Washington, D. C. From there it proceeded to White House, thence to Bermuda Hundred and City Point, where it remained until the 29th, when it was ordered to Norfolk and there placed on duty in an intrenched camp. On July 26, 500 men of the regiment, with other troops, marched to Elizabeth City, N. C. The expedition returned to Norfolk, where the regiment remained until August 19, when it was ordered to Ohio for muster-out. It arrived at Camp Dennison on the 24th and was mustered out on the 27th.

One Hundred and Fifty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Caleb Marker; Lieutenant Colonel, William Sayler; Major, Alben L. Whiteman. This regiment was organized May 15 to 17, 1864, at Camp Dennison, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 34th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Preble county; the 80th battalion, from Mercer county; and the 81st battalion, from Auglaize county. On May 20 Cos. A, B, C, D, E. F and H proceeded to Cincinnati, where they performed guard duty. Cos. G, I and R remained at Camp Dennison on guard and patrol duty until Morgan appeared in the vicinity of Cynthiana, Kentucky when they were sent to Falmouth, Kentucky. The seven companies remained on duty at Cincinnati until July 18. when the entire regiment was brought together at Covington and moved to Paris, Kentucky. It was soon ordered to Cumberland, Maryland, arriving on July 31, and went into camp near that city. On August 1 it had an engagement with the enemy near Falck's mills, with slight loss. It was mustered out on September 1, 1864

One Hundred and Fifty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, George W. McCook; Lieutenant-Colonel, John Morrow; Major, William Herron. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 15. 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 39th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Jefferson county, and the 88th battalion, from Carroll county. On May 17 it was ordered to report to General Wallace at Baltimore, where it was assigned to General Tyler's command and after remaining in camp a few weeks was ordered by the war department to Fort Delaware. During the remainder of its term of service it performed guard duty over from 12,000 to 14,000 prisoners. At the expiration of its term of enlistment it reported at Camp Chase and was mustered out on September 2, 1864, on expiration of term of service, except Co. C, which was on detached duty, and was mustered out on September 10.

One Hundred and Fifty-eighth Infantry.—The organization of this regiment was never completed. One Hundred and Fifty-ninth Infantry.—Colonel, Lyman J. Jackson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Horace D. Munson; Major, William S. Harlan. This regiment was organized at Zanesville, May 9 and 10, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the nth regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Muskingum county, and the 73d battalion, from Fairfield county. Immediately after muster-in it was sent to Harper's Ferry, West Virginia. It went into camp on Maryland heights until the 17th, when it was ordered to report to General Lew Wallace and by him was assigned to General Kenly's command. Four companies were detailed on guard duty at Camp Bradford, Baltimore, Maryland, where they remained during their term of service. One company performed provost-guard duty in the city, another was detailed at Patterson Park hospital, and the remaining companies were detailed to guard bridges on the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore railroad. During the Confederate invasion, 100 men from the regiment were mounted and participated in the battle of Monocacy Junction and the skirmishes incident thereto. On July 12 Cos. B, E, G and I, with other troops, moved on an expedition to Pikesville against a force of the enemy. On July 28 four companies of the regiment were stationed at Havre de Grace in charge of the railroad at that point . On August 13 the regiment was relieved from duty, arrived at Zanesville on the 17th and was mustered out on August 22 and 24, 1864.

One Hundred and Sixtieth Infantry.—Colonel, Cyrus Reasoner; Lieutenant Colonel, David W. D. Marsh; Major, Henry L. Harbaugh. This regiment was organized at Zanesville, May 12 to 14, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 53d battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Perry county; 91st battalion, from Muskingum county; part of the 40th battalion, from Brown county; and part of the 73d battalion, from Fairfield county. The regiment was immediately placed en-route to Harper's Ferry, where its first duty was to guard a supply train to Martinsburg. On its return it was placed in the 1st brigade, 1st division, of General Hunter's army and on the morning of May 25 moved with it to Woodstock, Virginia. It then marched with General Hunter toward the front, but was again detached and sent back to Martinsburg in charge of a supply train, and upon reaching the vicinity of Middletown was engaged in a skirmish with Mosby's guerrillas. From this time until the muster-out of the regiment it was subjected to almost continual marching and countermarching through the Shenandoah Valley, and engaged in a number of skirmishes. On August 25 it started for Ohio and arrived in Zanesville on the 29th. It was mustered out on September 7, 1864, on expiration of term of service.

One Hundred and Sixty-first Infantry.—Colonel, Oliver P. Taylor; Lieutenant-Colonel, George S. Corner; Major, Samuel B. Pugh. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 9, 1864. to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 70th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Tuscarawas county; the 43d battalion, from Noble county; and one company of the 58th battalion, from Hancock county. It was immediately ordered to Cumberland, Maryland, where it arrived at noon on the T2th. On the 28th it moved to Martinsburg, West Virginia, and on June 4 Cos. A, B, D, F and H, with other troops, were sent up the Shenandoah Valley with a supply train for Hunter's army, then supposed to be near Staunton. On reaching that place it was found that Hunter had advanced, but they finally overtook him at Lexington on the nth. They remained with Hunter until he arrived at Lynchburg, when they were ordered back to Martinsburg. After considerable marching and guard duty the regiment fell back to Maryland heights. Early on the morning of July 6 skirmishing commenced and continued for two days, the regiment taking an active part. On August 25 it was ordered to Ohio and was mustered out on September 2, 1864.

One Hundred and Sixty-second Infantry.—Colonel, Ephraim Ball; Lieut . -Colonel, James E. Dougherty; Major, Benjamin A. Whiteleather. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 20, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 45th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Stark county, and one company of the 40th battalion, from Brown county. Cos. A, C, F and K were assigned to duty at Tod Barracks, near Columbus, and the remaining companies were assigned to duty at Camp Chase, where they remained until they were ordered into Kentucky, to assist in repelling John Morgan. Several of the companies were placed on duty in and around Covington and the remainder of the regiment moved down the river to Carrollton. After remaining at Carrollton a few days the companies returned to Covington and performed post duty, until mustered out on September 4, 1864.

One Hundred and Sixty-third Infantry.—Colonel, Hiram Miller; Lieut-Colonel, John Dempsey; Major, Aaron S. Campbell. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, May 12, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 48th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Richland county; 72nd battalion, from Henry county; o6th battalion, from Ashland county; and the 99th battalion, from Stark county. On May 13 it proceeded to Washington, D. C., under orders from General Heintzelman, commanding the Department of Ohio. It was assigned to duty with headquarters at Fort Reno, D. C., where it remained until June 8, when it was ordered to the front and proceeded in transports to White House, Virginia, thence to Bermuda Hundred. It reported to General Butler, at Point of Rocks on June 12 and on the 14th took part in a reconnoissance on the Petersburg & Richmond railroad. On the 15th 250 men of the regiment were engaged in a severe skirmish and on the 16th it proceeded to Wilson's landing. From that point made several reconnoissances on the west side of the James. On August 29 it was relieved from duty and proceeded to Columbus, Ohio, where it was mustered out on September 10, 1864, on expiration of term of service.

One Hundred and Sixty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, John C. Lee; Lieutenant Colonel, Augustus S. Bement; Major, Michael Sullivan. This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland, May n, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 49th regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Seneca county and the 54th battalion, from Summit county. On May 14 it left Cleveland, and proceeding via Dunkirk, Elmira, Harrisburg and Baltimore reached Washington, D. C., on the 17th. It took position in the defenses on the south side of the Potomac and during its 100 days' service garrisoned  Forts Smith, Strong, Bennett, Haggarty, and other forts. At the expiration of its term of enlistment it returned to Cleveland and was mustered out on August 27, 1864.

One Hundred and Sixty-fifth Battalion Infantry.—Lieutenant-Colonel, Alexander Bohlender; Major, Matthew Reiching. This battalion, consisting of seven companies, was organized at Camp Dennison, May 14 and 19, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 10th regiment Ohio National Guard, from Cincinnati. It remained on duty at Camp Dennison until May 20, when it was transferred to Johnson's island, to guard Confederate prisoners. On June 25 it was ordered to Kentucky and remained there until August 8, being then ordered to Cumberland, Maryland. It remained in Maryland and Virginia until August 27 and then returned to Camp Dennison, where it was mustered out on August 31, 1864.

One Hundred and Sixty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Harrison G. Blake; Lieutenant-Colonel, Randolph Eastman; Major, Robert E. Leggett This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland, May 13 and 15, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 63d regiment, Ohio National Guard, from Huron county; 59th battalion, from Holmes county; 79th battalion, from Medina county; and one company of the 52nd battalion, from Wayne county. Immediately after muster-in it proceeded to Virginia and was placed on duty at Forts Richardson, Barnard, Reynolds, Ward and Worth, with headquarters at Fort Richardson. It returned to Ohio, and was mustered out on September 9, 1864, on expiration of its term of service.

One Hundred and Sixty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, Thomas Moore; Lieutenant-Colonel, James E. Newton; Major, John F. Bender. This regiment was organized at Hamilton, May 14, 16 and 17, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 61 st and 65th battalions, Ohio National Guard, from Butler county. Two days after muster-in it received orders to proceed to Charleston, West Virginia, which place it reached on May 21 and reported to Colonel Ewart, commanding the post. Six companies were immediately sent to Camp Piatt and four to Gauley bridge, relieving the 2nd, 3d and 7th West Virginia cavalry. The points named were posts of supply and the only duty the regiment was called upon to perform was guarding government stores and accompanying trains to and from the main bodies of the Federal forces in that part of West Virginia. It was mustered out on September 8, 1864.

One Hundred and Sixty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, Conrad Garis; Lieutenant-Colonel, George W. Barrere; Major, Emery C. Newton. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison, from May 12 to 19, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 66th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Highland county; 67th battalion, from Fayette county; and one company of the 35th battalion, from Clarke county. On June 9 it proceeded to Covington, Kentucky, and moved down the Covington & Lexington railroad. Co. B, with 20 men from Co. G, was detached at Falmouth to guard the railroad bridge, and at other points companies were stationed to protect the road. On June 10 a detachment of 300 occupied Cynthiana. At 6 o'clock on the morning of June 11 a large force of Confederate cavalry moved against the town, in which engagement the regiment lost 7 men killed, 18 wounded and 280 captured. That portion of the regiment under command of Major Newton remained in Kentucky until July 10, when it was ordered to Camp Dennison to join the paroled prisoners. It was then sent to Cincinnati, where it performed guard duty until mustered out on September 8, 1864.

One Hundred and Sixty-ninth Infantry.—Colonel, Nathaniel Haynes; Lieutenant-Colonels, James N. Robinson, Joseph H. Carr; Major, Jacob Fickes. This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland, from May 13 to 15, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 50th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Sandusky county, and the 52nd battalion, from Wayne county. On May 19 it proceeded to Washington, D. C., and upon its arrival was ordered on garrison duty in Fort Ethan Allen, where it remained during its term of service. It participated in the defeat of General Early's attack on Washington in July, and was mustered out on September 4, 1864.

One Hundred and Seventieth Infantry.—Colonels, Miles J. Saunders, Lewis Lewton; Lieutenant-Colonel, Arthur Higgins: Major, Milton W. Junkins. This regiment was organized at Bellaire, May 13 and 14. 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 74th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Belmont county, and the 78th battalion, from Harrison county. It immediately proceeded to Washington, D. C., and upon its arrival was assigned to duty in Forts Simmons, Mansfield, Bayard, Gaines and Battery Vermont. On the night of July 4 it left the defenses at Washington and proceeded to Sandy Hook, Maryland, to join the forces assembled in the defense of Maryland heights. It remained in the vicinity of Maryland heights until July 15, when it was attached to the 2nd brigade, 1st division, Army of West Virginia, and during the remainder of its term participated in the movements and engagements of that army. While lying at Cedar creek it was detached and ordered to Harper's Ferry as escort to a supply train. It remained at Harper's Ferry until August 24, when transportation to Ohio was furnished. It arrived at Columbus on August 27 and was mustered out on Sept . 10, 1864.

One Hundred and Seventy-first Infantry.—Colonel, Joel F. Asper; Lieutenant-Colonel, Heman R. Harmon; Major, Manning A. Fowler. This regiment was organized at Sandusky, May 7, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 51st battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Trumbull county; 14th battalion, from Portage county; 85th battalion, from Lake county; and the 86th battalion, from Geauga county. It was ordered to Johnson's island, where it was engaged in guard and fatigue duty until June 9, when it was ordered to Covington, Kentucky, reporting on arrival to General Hobson. It was then placed on cars and ordered to Cynthiana, but on arriving at Keller's bridge it debarked, where it was attacked by a force of Morgan's cavalry, in which engagement the regiment lost 13 killed and 54 wounded. Soon after the fight at Keller's bridge, Morgan was pressed so closely that he was compelled to parole his prisoners, who made their way to Augusta, whence they were taken on boats to Covington and then transferred to Camp Dennison, where they joined the regiment. The regiment moved from Camp Dennison to Johnson's island, where it remained until August 20, 1864, when it was mustered out on expiration of term of service.

One Hundred and Seventy-second Infantry.—Colonel, John Ferguson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Henry M. Carver; Major, Joshua K. Brown. This regiment was organized at Gallipolis, May 14, 1864, to serve for 100 days. It was composed of the 47th battalion, Ohio National Guard, from Guernsey county; part of the 40th battalion, from Brown county; the 84th battalion, from Adams county; and the 77th battalion, from Jackson county. The regiment performed guard duty at Gallipolis during its whole term of service. It was mustered out on September 3, 1864.

One Hundred and Seventy-third Infantry.—Colonel, John R. Hurd; Lieutenant-Colonel, Calvin A. Shepard; Major, Jeremiah Davidson. This regiment was organized at Gallipolis, in September, 1864, to serve for one year. Immediately after muster-in it was ordered to Nashville, Tennessee, where it arrived about October 1 and was assigned to duty in that city. Early on the morning of December 15 it took position on the Murfreesboro pike. After daylight it was moved to the left of Fort Negley and in the afternoon to the right of the fort, where it remained during the battle. After the battle it was employed in guarding prisoners at Nashville and in their transit from Nashville to Louisville. On February 15, 1865, the regiment was ordered to Columbia, and after remaining there a few days was directed to proceed to Johnsonville. On June 20 it was ordered to Nashville, where it was mustered out, June 26, 1865, by order of the war department.

One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, John S. Jones; Lieutenant-Colonel, A. James Sterling; Majors, Benjamin C. G. Reed, William G. Beatty. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase from August 18 to September 21, 1864, to serve for one year. It was ordered to Nashville, Tennessee, and to report to General W. T. Sherman. It reached Nashville on September 26 and was immediately ordered to proceed to Murfreesboro, where it remained until October 27, when it was ordered to report to the commanding officer at Decatur, Alabama. It was then moved to the mouth of Elk river, leaving on the way four companies as a garrison for Athens, Alabama. The regiment soon returned to Decatur, where it remained until November 26, when the town was evacuated. It then returned to Murfreesboro, where it remained during the siege and participated in the battle of Overall's creek. On December 7 it was engaged in the battle of "The Cedars," and on January 17 moved down the Tennessee and up the Ohio river to Cincinnati. It was then ordered to Washington, D. C., which place it reached on January 29, 1865. It remained in camp at Washington until February 21, when it started for North Carolina, reaching Fort Fisher on the 23d. It marched to Morehead City on the 24th and to New Berne on the 25th. It took part in the battle of Wise's Forks, near Kinston, N. C. Under the order mustering out volunteers whose term of service expired previous to October 1, the regiment was mustered out on June 28, 1865.

One Hundred and Seventy-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Wesley R. Adams; Lieutenant-Colonel, Daniel McCoy; Major, Edward E. Mullenix. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison in October, 1864, to serve for one year. It was ordered to Columbia, Tennessee, where it performed post and garrison duty in the town, and in guarding the Tennessee & Alabama railroad. In the advance of Hood one of the regiment's outposts south of Columbia was captured, while the remainder of the regiment fell back to Franklin and took part in the battle at that place on November 30. It then fell back to Nashville and took position in Fort Negley, where it remained during the battle. On December 25 it was again ordered to Columbia, where it engaged in the usual garrison duties and in guarding the railroad bridges. It was mustered out on June 27, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Seventy-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Edwin C. Mason; Lieutenant-Colonel, William Nesbitt; Major, William F. Cummings. This regiment was organized at Columbus, Sandusky, Wooster, Alliance, Camp Chase and Circleville, from August 10 to Sept . 21, 1864, to serve for one year. As soon as the organization was completed the regiment was ordered to Nashville, Tennessee, and assigned to the 2nd brigade, 4th division, 20th army corps. Soon after its arrival it was detailed to perform provost guard duty at Nashville. During the battle of Nashville it was in the works, but with the exception of a few companies under Major Cummings, the regiment was not engaged. It was mustered out on June 14, 1865. in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Seventy-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, Arthur T. Wilcox; Lieutenant-Colonel, William H. Zimmerman; Major, Ernst J. Kreiger. This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland from September 23 to October 4, 1864, to serve for one year. Immediately after its organization it proceeded to Nashville, Tennessee, via Indianapolis and Louisville. The day after its arrival it was ordered to Tullahoma and constituted a part of the garrison at that place under General Milroy. It remained at Tullahoma until Hood's invasion, when it was ordered to Murfreesboro, where it arrived on December 2. On December 7, Milroy's command, including the regiment, charged the works and drove the Confederates back, capturing 2 pieces of artillery and over 200 prisoners. A few days after this, while on a foraging expedition, the regiment had an engagement with the enemy, in which it lost several wounded. After Hood had been driven from Tennessee the regiment was ordered to Clifton. About the middle of January, 1865, it embarked at Clifton, proceeded down the Tennessee and up the Ohio to Cincinnati, where it took the railroad for Washington, D. C. From there it moved to Annapolis. Maryland, and embarked on a vessel for North Carolina, arriving at Fort Fisher on February 7. It was engaged in two attacks on the enemy's works from the Cape Fear river to the coast, and crossed the river and participated in the flank movement which compelled the Confederates to evacuate Fort Anderson. It next engaged the enemy at Town creek, charging in the rear and capturing the entire command. The next morning it arrived opposite Wilmington, where it remained about a week, then joined General Cox at Kinston and proceeded to Goldsboro, where it joined Sherman's army. After the surrender of General Johnston the regiment was sent to Greensboro, N. C., where it was mustered out on June 24, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Seventy-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, Joab A. Stafford; Lieutenant-Colonel, Aaron C. Johnson; Major, John C. Hamilton. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, September 26, 1864, to serve for one year, and was at once despatched by rail and river to Nashville, with orders to report to Major-General George H. Thomas for duty. It remained in Nashville some two weeks, performing guard duty, when it was sent to Tullahoma, Tennessee, where it composed part of the post command. The post at Tullahoma was evacuated in the winter of 1864 and the regiment was sent to Murfreesboro, where it remained during the siege. After the defeat of General Hood's army at Nashville the regiment was ordered to North Carolina. It landed at Morehead City with the 23d corps and a few days thereafter participated in a skirmish with the enemy at Wise's Forks. After the surrender of Johnston's army the regiment was ordered to Charlotte, N. C., where it performed garrison duty, until mustered out on June 29, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Seventy-ninth Infantry.—Colonel, Harley H. Sage; Lieutenant-Colonel, Peter Grubb; Major, Emanuel T. Hooker. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase in September, 1864, to serve for one year. It moved to Nashville, Tennessee, arriving on October 8, and was placed on duty at that post. It was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 4th division, 20th corps, and was present at the battle of Nashville. The regiment remained on duty at Nashville until June 17, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department .

One Hundred and Eightieth Infantry.—Colonel, Willard Warner; Lieutenant-Colonels, Hiram McKay, John T. Wood. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase in September and October, 1864, to serve for one year, and left camp on October 15 for Nashville, Tennessee. From Nashville it was ordered to Decherd, Tennessee, where it remained for the most part of three months, being used as guard to the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad. On January 6, 1865, it was ordered to Nashville and after remaining there a few days was ordered to guard a train of wagons bound for Eastport, Mississippi. It went as far as Columbia, where it was met by an order to return to Nashville, and from there was ordered to Washington, D. C. It reached Washington on January 31 and was placed in Camp Stoneman near that city. After remaining about three weeks in camp it was ordered to Fort Fisher. On reaching the mouth of Cape Fear river the fall of Fort Fisher was announced, rendering its services unnecessary, and it was then taken to New Berne, where it joined a force, under General J. D. Cox to open railway communications with Goldsboro and General Sherman's army. At Kinston, N. C., the regiment had an engagement with the forces under Gens. Bragg and Hoke, in which it lost a number killed and wounded. From Kinston the regiment marched to Goldsboro, which place it reached on March 21. It remained here until April o and then marched with Sherman's army to Raleigh, N. C., where it performed garrison duty until the surrender of Johnston's army. The regiment then moved to Greensboro and from there to Charlotte, where it remained as the city garrison until July 12, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Eighty-first Infantry.—Colonels, John O'Dowd, John E. Hudson; Lieut-Colonel, James T. Hickey. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison from September 29 to October 10, 1864, to serve for one year. On Oct . 24 it was ordered to Huntsville, Alabama, where it arrived on the 29th. In November it operated around Decatur, Alabama, and then went by rail to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, where in December it took part with other troops in repelling an attack by the Confederate General Forrest, in which several men were wounded. The greater part of December was spent in foraging around Murfreesboro. In these expeditions the regiment was frequently engaged with the enemy. On December 24 it was assigned to the 3d brigade, 2nd division, 23d corps, and joined its command at Columbia, Tennessee, on the 29th. On January 2 it was taken to Goldsboro, N. C., where it joined Sherman's army, and in April was in the advance on Raleigh, N. C. It was mustered out on July 14, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Eighty-second Infantry.—Colonel, Lewis Butler; Lieutenant-Colonel, John A. Chase; Majors, William W. West, Amos S. Whissen. This regiment was organized in the state at large from August 4 to October 27, 1864, to serve for one year. On November 1 it was ordered to Nashville, Tennessee, and on the 6th joined General Thomas' forces at that place. The regiment took part in the battle of Nashville, where it remained performing guard and provost duty until July 7, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Eighty-third Infantry.—Colonel, George W. Hoge; Lieutenant-Colonels, Mervin Clark, August C. Harry, John Lang; Majors, William F. Scott, Columbus Thornton. This regiment was organized at Cincinnati and Sandusky in September and October, 1864, to serve for one year. On November 19 it left Camp Dennison and arrived at Columbia, Tennessee, on the 28th. It was assigned to the 3d brigade, 2nd division, 23d corps, with which it remained during its entire term of service. It was engaged with the enemy at Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville. It afterward moved with the corps to Clifton on the Tennessee river, and thence via Cincinnati, Washington, D. C., and Fort Fisher to Wilmington, N. C. Proceeding via Kinston it joined General Sherman's army at Goldsboro and after the surrender of Johnston's army moved to Salisbury. It was mustered out on July 17, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Eighty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, Henry S. Commager; Lieutenant-Colonel, Chandler W. Carroll; Major, Ezra S. Dodd. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase in February. 1865, to serve for one year. Immediately after muster-in it was ordered to Nashville, Tennessee, where it remained for a short time doing garrison duty. From Nashville it proceeded to Chattanooga, thence to Bridgeport, Alabama, which place it reached about March 21 and was engaged in protecting an important railroad bridge over the Tennessee river. It also guarded the track of the railroad between Bridgeport and Chattanooga, a distance of about 30 miles. On July 25 the regiment was ordered to Edgefield for garrison duty, and remained at the place until it was mustered out of service, September 20, 1865, at Nashville, Tennessee.

One Hundred and Eighty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, John E. Cummins; Lieutenant-Colonel, Dennis E. Williams: Major, Horatio N. Benjamin. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, February 25, 1865, to serve for one year. It left there on February 27, under orders to report to General Thomas at Nashville, but was detained at Louisville by General Palmer, who applied to General Thomas and obtained permission to retain the regiment in Kentucky. Regimental headquarters were established at Eminence and the companies were scattered through the state from Owensboro to Cumberland gap, the latter place being guarded for several months by four companies of the regiment. Mt. Sterling was guarded by two companies, together with a detachment of the 53d Kentucky, all under the command of Major Benjamin. Shelbyville, Lagrange, Greensburg and several other towns were garrisoned at times by companies of the regiment. On September 26 it was mustered out at Lexington, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Eighty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Thomas F. Wildes; Lieutenant-Colonel, George Wilhelm; Major, Wesley L. Patterson. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase in February, 1865, to serve for one year. It left there on March 2 for Nashville, Tennessee, and on the 8th left Nashville for Murfreesboro, arriving on the 10th. The destination of the regiment was Cleveland, Tennessee, where it went into camp. On May 2 it moved to Dalton, where it remained but a few days, moving from this place to Chattanooga. On July 20 the regiment was relieved from duty at Chattanooga and ordered to Nashville. It was mustered out on September 18, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Eighty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, Andrew R. Z. Dawson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Llewellyn R. Davis; Major, Daniel A. Russell. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, March 2, 1865, to serve for one year, and left on March 3 for Nashville, Tennessee. On its arrival at Nashville it was met by orders to report at Dalton, Georgia. From Dalton the regiment marched to Kingston. Marching back to Dalton it went into camp for some 30 days, when the railroad being repaired it was placed on the cars and sent to Macon, Georgia. It performed provost duty in Macon until January 20, 1866, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Eighty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, Jacob E. Taylor; Lieutenant-Colonel, John C. Frankeberger; Major, Jacob A. Leonard. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, March 2 to 4, 1865, to serve for one year. On March 4 it received orders to report to General Thomas at Nashville, where it arrived on the 9th. It was assigned to duty under Brigadier-General Van Cleve, and ordered to Murfreesboro, where it remained for two months and was then ordered to Tullahoma. Here it remained for two months and was then ordered to Nashville, where it remained until September 21, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department. One Hundred and Eighty-ninth Infantry.—Colonel, Henry D. Kingsbury; Lieutenant-Colonel, James McD. Roe; Major, Norman Waite. This regiment was organized at Toledo, Camp Chase, Cincinnati, Marietta, Hillsboro and Dayton, from January 12 to March 6, 1865, to serve for one year. On March 4 it was ordered to report to General Thomas at Nashville. From there it was ordered to Murfreesboro, where it remained for two months and was then ordered to Tullahoma. There it remained for two months and was then ordered back to Nashville, where it was mustered out on September 28, 1865.

One Hundred and Ninetieth Infantry.—This regiment failed to complete its organization and the men recruited for it were assigned to other regiments. One Hundred and Ninety-first Infantry.—Colonel, Robert L. Kimberly; Lieutenant-Colonel, Edward M. Driscoll; Major, Nathaniel J. Manning. This regiment was organized in the state at large in January and February, 1865, to serve for one year. It left Columbus on the day of its organization under orders to proceed to Winchester. Virginia, and report to Major-General Hancock, then organizing the 1st army corps at that place. At Harper's Ferry the regiment was halted by command of General Hancock and ordered to report to General John R. Brooke, by whom it was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 2nd division, Army of the Shenandoah. Its only service was garrison duty in the valley, marching as far south as Winchester, where it remained until August 27, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Ninety-second Infantry.—Colonel, Francis W. Butterfield; Lieutenant-Colonel, Cyrus Hussey; Major, William W. Williams. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, March 9, 1865, to serve for one year. It started for the field, arriving at Halltown, Virginia, near Harper's Ferry, and joining the provisional division. With the division it marched through Charlestown and a few days later moved to relieve another regiment picketing the Shenandoah river for 3 or 4 miles above and below Kabletown. The next day the line on the river was abandoned and the troops moved to Winchester, via Berryville. The regiment was stationed some time at Stephenson's Depot and afterward near Jordan Springs. It was then ordered to Rude's hill, at which place it encamped, except two companies stationed at Harrisonburg, until ordered to be mustered out. The regiment was mustered out on September 1, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Ninety-third Infantry.—Colonel, Eugene Powell; Lieutenant-Colonel, John E. Jewett; Major, Luke Murrin. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase in March, 1865, to serve for one year, and immediately after its organization started for the Shenandoah Valley. It moved from Harper's Ferry to Halltown and Charlestown, and at the latter place was partly organized with other regiments into brigades and divisions. From Charlestown it marched up the Shenandoah Valley to Winchester, where it remained until after the surrender of the Confederate armies. It was mustered out of service on August 4, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Ninety-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, Anson G. McCook; Lieutenant-Colonel, O. C. Maxwell; Major, H. Lee Anderson. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase in March, 1865, to serve for one year. It was ordered to Charlestown, West Virginia, and assigned to Major-General Egan's division, composed of one brigade of Eastern and one brigade of Western troops. The surrender of Lee's army caused the division and brigade to be broken up and the regiment was ordered to Washington, D. C., where it remained performing garrison duty until October 24, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Henry B. Banning; Lieutenant-Colonel, Marcellus J. W. Holter; Major. William H. Free. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase from March 14 to 20, 1865, to serve for one year. It arrived at Harper's Ferry on March 25, and after doing garrison duty there a few days went into camp near Winchester. Virginia, with the troops of General Hancock. While in this camp news of Lee's surrender was received, and the regiment was ordered to Alexandria, where it performed provost and guard duty until December 18, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Ninety-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Robert P. Kennedy; Lieutenant-Colonel, Eben S. Coe; Major, Thomas C. Thoburn. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, March 25, 1865, to serve for one year. It immediately started for Virginia, where it was assigned to the Ohio brigade at Winchester. Here it remained until July, when it was ordered to Baltimore and assigned to duty in the fortifications around the city, a portion of it being sent to Fort Delaware. The regiment was mustered out on September 11, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Ninety-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, Benton Halstead; Lieutenant-Colonel, Gershom M. Barber; Major, Robert Hill. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase from January 8 to April 11, 1865, to serve for one year. On April 25 it left for Washington, D. C., and on its arrival received the tidings of the surrender of General Johnston's army. The regiment was temporarily assigned to the 9th corps and on April 29 marched through Alexandria and encamped 2 miles beyond. On May it was incorporated in the provisional brigade, 9th corps. Two days later the brigade broke camp, marched to Washington and embarked on cars for Dover, Delaware, arriving on May 5. It encamped at Camp Harrington until May 31, when it moved by rail to Havre de Grace, Maryland, was broken up into detachments and performed guard duty along the railroad southward to Baltimore. The regimental headquarters were removed to Fort Worthington, near Baltimore, on July 3, and at that time several companies were on duty as guards at the various forts, camps and hospitals in and around the city. The regiment reassembled at Camp Bradford, near Baltimore, and on July 31 was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department.

One Hundred and Ninety-eighth Infantry.—This regiment, composed of eight companies, was organized at Camp Chase from April 17 to 27, 1865, to serve for one year. Before the maximum was reached the Confederacy collapsed and the regiment was mustered out May 8, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Fourth Battalion Infantry.—Lieutenant-Colonels, Frank J. Spalter, Charles C. Callahan, Sewell W. Dewitt. This organization was formed from the veterans and recruits of the 4th and 8th regiments Ohio volunteer infantry, June 26, 1864. It was mustered out at Jeffersonville, Ind., July 12, 1865. The list of battles in which it bore an honorable part includes Deep Bottom and Reams' station, Virginia.

Eleventh Battalion Infantry.—This organization was formed of two companies, whose terms of service had not yet expired, and the veterans of the nth Ohio infantry, in June, 1864. It was assigned to Baird's division of the 14th corps, under command of Captain D. Clinton Stubbs, who had been promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the battalion but not mustered. It accompanied Sherman in his wonderful campaign, and after the surrender of the Confederate armies was mustered out, June 11, 1865.

Jones' Independent Infantry Battalion.—Lieutenant-Colonel, A. E. Jones. The four companies composing this battalion were in the service of the State of Ohio under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Jones, then a member of Governor Dennison's staff. There was, in the fall of 1861, serious apprehension of raids by Confederate troops in Kentucky. General O. M. Mitchel, then in command of the Department of the Ohio, deemed it necessary not only to protect the railroads in his department, but to be ready for any demonstration the enemy might make. There being no U. S. troops available, General Mitchel obtained the consent of Governor Dennison to muster the four companies into the U. S. service for an indefinite period from the date of enrollment. The battalion served the government faithfully, guarding the Ohio & Mississippi railroad from Cincinnati to Lawrenceburg, Ind., also guns, magazines, etc. As the emergency and reasons for calling them into service no longer existed, the battalion was mustered in and out of service on January 9. 1862, at Cincinnati.

Wallace Guards, Infantry.—Captain, Charles Worthington; First Lieutenant, Samuel K. Williams; Second Lieutenant, H. M. Diggins. This independent infantry company was an organization formed at Cincinnati, during the sudden alarm for the safety of that city in the fall of 1862. It was enrolled at Cincinnati, September 2, was mustered into the U. S. service on September 9, for a period of 30 days, and was mustered out on October 4, at Cincinnati, on expiration of term of service.

Dennison Guards, Infantry.—Captain. Edward V. Brookfield; First Lieuts., Chauncey Brown, James M. Barr; Second Lieutenant, Frank D. Jones. This independent company was an organization formed at Camp Dennison in 1862 for guard duty at that camp. It was enrolled at Camp Dennison during the months of May, June and July, was mustered into the U. S. service August 18, for a period of three years, but was mustered out on January 24, 1863.

Trumbull Guards, Infantry.—Captain, Charles W. Smith; First Lieutenant, Thomas P. Gilman; Second Lieutenant, Josiah D. Freer. This independent company was an organization formed in Trumbull county to perform duty within the state. It was enrolled at Warren during the months of May and June, 1862, and was mustered into the U. S. service on November 9, at Gallipolis, for a period of three years. It was mustered out on July 1, 1865, at Gallipolis. The company was principally engaged in guard duty at Gallipolis and points along the Ohio river as occasion required. It was also sent on expeditions into West Virginia, in one of which it recaptured Point Pleasant from the enemy. It also participated in the pursuit of General John Morgan on his raid through Ohio, and assisted in capturing many of his raiders.

Departmental Corps, Infantry.—Early in the summer of 1863 the department of the Monongahela was organized by direction of the president with headquarters at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. The territory included within the limits of the department was the counties of Columbiana, Jefferson and Belmont in the State of Ohio, and portions of West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Authority was given for the enlistment of eight companies to be known as the Departmental Corps. Ohio's quota was four companies, all furnished by Belmont county, the recruiting being done in the month of July. Captain Deens' company was enrolled July 12, at Barnesville, and mustered July 16, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; Captain Eaton's company was enrolled July 15, at Barnesville, and mustered August 15; Captain Arrick's company was enrolled July 15, at Hendrysburg, and mustered August 19; Captain Beard's company was enrolled July 27, and mustered August 28, at Wheeling, West Virginia. They were in active service for a period not exceeding 60 days, when they were sent home to await orders from the department commander. Being no further necessity for their services the organizations were mustered out on November 1, 1864.

First, Second and Third Independent Companies, Sharpshooters. —In the fall of 1861 the recruiting of ten companies of sharpshooters was ordered by the government for General John C. Fremont, then in command of the Department of the Missouri. The regiment was to be known as Birge's sharpshooters. Governor Dennison received instructions from the war department that recruits for this service should undergo a rigid test before acceptance, which caused so much delay that the project failed. The regiment, however, was formed by a combination of troops from several states, Ohio furnishing three companies, the remaining seven companies being formed later. A battalion of four companies entered the Army of the Cumberland, one company was attached to the 79th Ohio infantry, and two companies to the 60th Ohio infantry. The 1st independent company was organized at Dayton, the enrolling of which took place from September 18 to November 14, 1861, by Captain. Calvin Reed. It left Dayton on October 15. via Cincinnati and the Ohio & Mississippi railroad for St . Louis, Missouri, to join Birge's western sharpshooters. It was armed with the American target rifle, and equipped with bear-skin shot pouch, scraped powder horn, squirrel-tailed cap, blue coat and gray pantaloons. Arriving at St. Louis, it went into quarters at Camp Benton and on November 23 was mustered into the U. S. service. The 2nd independent company was recruited in Hancock and Hardin counties, the organization being formed at Findlay during the months of September and October by Captain Campbell Dougherty. It was also ordered to St. Louis, where it arrived a short time after Captain Reed's company, and was mustered into the U. S. service on November 30, being then assigned as Co. H, Birge's western sharpshooters. On December 12, the regiment left Camp Benton and was engaged in scouting duty through the counties of Boone, Audrain and Macon, Missouri, in pursuit of a Confederate force endeavoring to destroy the North Missouri railroad. It participated in the battle of Mount Zion Church, December 28. On February 4, 1862, it left Camp McClellan, Sturgeon, Missouri, for Fort Henry, Tennessee; was engaged with the enemy at Fort Donelson in February, capturing 3 stands of colors from the 3d, 16th and 18th Tennessee Confederate infantry; and was also at the battle of Shiloh. The 3d independent company was recruited in the counties of Allen and Hardin. It was enrolled at Lima, from March 12 to April 4, 1862, by Captain George A. Taylor, and was mustered into the U. S. service on April 7, at Camp Chase, Columbus. The company was at once ordered to the front and on April 14 joined Birge's western sharpshooters at Camp C. F. Smith, Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee. On this date the designation of the regiment was changed to the Western Sharpshooters, 14th regiment infantry. Previous to this time, not having a state designation, Missouri and Illinois both claimed it. The regiment's final designation was 66th 11l. infantry. The three Ohio companies took the regimental letters G, H and K, but also retained the figures as independent companies until their reenlistment as veterans, when they were known afterwards by letter only. They established Camp Davies, Mississippi, as an outpost for General U. S. Grant's army; served General E. O. C. Ord as headquarters guard from June 23 to August 23; accompanied General G. M. Dodge, 2nd division, 16th corps, from Camp Davies to Pulaski, Tennessee, to reinforce General Thomas' Army of the Cumberland at Chattanooga; guarded the Nashville & Decatur railroad and Rhodes' bridge; entered the service as veterans December 22, 1863, at Camp P. E. Burke, Pulaski, Term.; received veteran furlough January 28, 1864, the Ohio companies going to_ Chicago with their regiment, and thence to their home. Returning in time for the Atlanta campaign, they became a part of the left wing 16th corps, McPherson's army, with which they passed through the actions of this famous march. They subsequently participated in the march to the sea and in the campaign of the Carolinas. The three Ohio companies, blended as heroes, snared equally with great distinction and fortitude the trials, hardships, privations and dangers of war. The 1st and 2nd companies were mustered out on July 7, 1865, at Louisville, Kentucky, after serving nearly four years. . The 3d company was mustered out on expiration of term of service April 26, 1865, at Springfield, 11l. Inscribed on the roll of honor of the three companies are the names of 59 heroes, killed or died of disease, whose sacrifices, sufferings and deaths during their brilliant service will never cease to be cherished by a grateful people.

Fourth Independent Company Sharpshooters.—Captains, Jacob Flegle, Robert C. Williamson; First Lieuts., Isaiah Daughman, Henry C. Corbin, William P. Juday. This independent organization was recruited in the fall of 1862, at Goshen, Clermont county, and Camp Dennison, where it was mustered into the U. S. service on September 29. It was ordered by the war department that a regiment be recruited and_ sent to General John C. Fremont, then in command of the Army of the Missouri, and to be designated as Birge's western sharpshooters. The rigid test required previous to enrollment for this service caused so much delay that the project failed. The company was, however, assigned to the 79th Ohio infantry as Co. K. It joined the command sometime after at La Vergie Tennessee, armed with Spencer rifles and was considered a great acquisition to the regiment. It was mustered out on June 9, 1865, near Washington, D. C. Upon its roll of honor are inscribed the names of 16 brave soldiers—2 killed in battle and 14 died of disease.

Fifth Independent Company Sharpshooters.—Captains, Gershom M. Barber, David W. Botsford; First Lieuts., Jonathan Rickard, Franklin H. Somers, William N. Watson; Second Lieuts., William L. Stearns, William C. Lemon. This independent organization was composed of recruits from Cleveland and vicinity, who were enrolled during the months of October and November, 1862, and mustered into the U. S. service December 5, at Camp Cleveland. It left Cleveland on March 1, 1863, and proceeded to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, via Cincinnati and the Ohio and Cumberland rivers. Arriving at Murfreesboro on March 9, it reported to Major-General Rosecrans. A battalion was formed of the 5th, 6th and 7th companies, Ohio volunteer sharpshooters. The battalion left Murfreesboro on June 24, and marched via Tullahoma to Normandy, where it arrived on July 5, guarded a bridge over Duck river, and then proceeded to Chattanooga, arriving there September 10; marched to Crawfish Springs September 15, and was engaged guarding headquarters train and picking up stragglers through the battle of Chickamauga; returned to Chattanooga Sept . 21, established a line of sharpshooters at Little Suck on October 13, and was engaged with a continual line of sharpshooters of the enemy until November 1, driving them from their post; crossed the Tennessee river and scouted Sand mountain, returning to Chattanooga on November 4. From February 1 to 13, 1864, it buried 875 dead on the battlefield of Chickamauga. This company was mustered out on July 19, 1865, at Nashville, Tennessee. The roll of honor shows that 17 men lost their lives during the period of service of the company, 14 of whom died of disease.

Sixth Independent Company Sharpshooters.—Captains Charles H. Coe, James H. Reed, Samuel McCammant; First Lieuts., Robert Shank, David C. Johns, George L. Evans, George M. Barrick. This independent company of sharpshooters was organized at Camp Zanesville in the fall of 1862 and was mustered into the U. S. service on December 20, at Camp Cleveland. On March 1, 1863, it was ordered to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, where it arrived on the 9th and was attached to General Rosecrans' headquarters guard. A battalion having been formed of the 5th, 6th and 7th independent companies, it was transferred to Major-Gen Thomas' headquarters at the time he relieved General Rosecrans and served in that capacity until mustered out of service on July 19, 1865, at Nashville, Tennessee. Inscribed upon the roll of honor are the names of 13 men, 1 killed and 12 died of disease during its period of service.

Seventh Independent Company Sharpshooters.—Captain, Watson C. Squire; First Lieutenant, William McCrory; Second Lieutenant, James Cox. This company, known as Sherman's body-guard, was organized in the fall of 1862 and mustered into the U. S. service on January 27, 1863, at Camp Cleveland. It was on duty as sharpshooters, first under General Rosecrans from March 10, until his supersedure, and then under General Thomas. On May 20 the company was ordered to General Sherman's headquarters, where it remained near the person of the commanding general until the close of the war with inconsiderable loss, save on a foraging expedition near Marietta, Georgia, in which 8 men were captured by guerrillas and remained in Confederate prisons until the close of the war. It was with Sherman through the march to the sea, the campaign of the Carolinas and the grand review, and accompanied him to St. Louis, Missouri, where it continued to serve for a short time as headquarters guard. It was then ordered home to be mustered out, which occurred July 28, 1865. at Camp Chase. The roll of honor shows that it lost 18 men during its term of service, 17 of whom died of disease and 1 was killed in action at Rossville, Georgia.

Eighth Independent Company Sharpshooters.—Captain, Charles A. Barton; First Lieutenant, Cyrus B. Moore; Second Lieutenant, David N. Long. The recruits composing this organization were enrolled on October 9. 1862. at Camp Portsmouth. On January 7, 1863, it was ordered by Governor Tod to Camp Dennison, where it arrived two days later. On June 16 it was ordered to the command of Colonel Wallace to suppress an insurrection of "butternuts" in Holmes county, returning June 23. On July 12. it was ordered to Cincinnati and participated with other troops in repelling Morgan's raid. It performed picket duty west of the city until July 17, and then returned to the city and performed guard duty. It was mustered into the U. S. service March 9 and August 22, at Camp Dennison. On November 10 it. was ordered by Major-General Grant to proceed to Chattanooga, Tennessee, at which place it arrived on the 25th and was attached to a temporary organization composed of the 5th, 6th and 7th companies of Ohio sharpshooters, performing duty as headquarters guard to Major General Thomas. It was mustered out on July 19, 1865, at Nashville, Tennessee. The company's loss during its term of service was 3 men died of disease, and 1 drowned in the Cumberland river.

Ninth and Tenth Independent Companies Sharpshooters.—These independent companies were organized at Cleveland, in the months of February and March, 1864. The 9th was mustered into the U. S. service on February 26, and the 10th on April 1, at Cleveland. They rendezvoused at Camp Taylor, and were temporarily attached to the 60th Ohio infantry, a three years' regiment then composed of six companies. They left Camp Taylor for the field, arriving at Alexandria, Virginia, on April 24, where they were assigned to the 2nd brigade, 3d division. It is sufficient to say that they took an honorable part in the engagements at the North Anna river, Totopotomy, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, Siege of Petersburg, and the actions about Richmond. The two companies were permanently transferred to the 60th Ohio on February 24, 1865, and were mustered out on July 28, at Washington, D. C . The roll of honor of these two companies contains the names of 53 men who lost their lives while in the service of the government. Nine were killed in battle and 44 died from wounds received or from disease.

Second Militia.—Colonel, John F. Wiltsee; Lieutenant-Colonel, George C. King; Major, A. C. Horton. On or about September 2, 1862, Major-General Lew Wallace, by order of Major-General H. G. Wright, then in command of the Department of Ohio, assumed command of the cities of Cincinnati, Newport and Covington and the defenses thereof, then threatened by the Confederate forces under General Kirby Smith. Martial law was at once declared and the citizens called upon to turn out en-masse to erect fortifications and defenses on all the approaches leading to the cities of Newport and Covington. General Wallace finding himself without any available military at his command for immediate defense, caused the 2nd regiment reserve militia which had been organized under the militia law of the state in July, 1861, to be immediately mustered into the service of the United States and sent to the front to protect the workmen in the intrenchments and on the fortifications. It served the government faithfully during its 30-days' service, being on duty day and night nearly the entire term of enlistment, rendering most valuable service in protecting the working parties and doing picket duty in sight of the enemy. The regiment was mustered out at Cincinnati, April 30, 1865, to date October 4, 1862.

Fifth U. S. Colored Troops.—Colonels, James W. Conine, Giles W. Shurtleff; Lieutenant-Colonel, John B. Cook; Major, Ira C. Terry. This was the first colored regiment recruited in Ohio, the nucleus of which was a few colored men collected at Camp Delaware. Much difficulty was met in the organization, as there was no law of Congress regulating the same and no order from the war department calling for their services. The initiative, however, was taken by mustering into the U. S. service J. B. T. Marsh, as quartermaster of the 127th Ohio infantry, and the formation of this regiment was commenced under what was known as the "contraband law," which gave a colored laborer in the service $to per month, $3 of which was for clothes. Recruiting progressed slowly and but for a few faithful men, who were ambitious to show themselves worthy of their freedom, the organization would have failed. The companies were mustered into the U. S. service as follows: B, C, E, G and H, July 23, 1863; D, August 20; F, September 9; I, October 17, and K, January 15, 1864. The war department finally called colored men into the service and promised that Congress would place them on an equality with other troops. Officers were examined and assigned to the regiment and early in November the regimental organization was formed. The synonym of the regiment was changed to 5th U. S. colored troops, the equipment was completed and the regiment was ordered to Virginia with nine companies and nearly the full complement of officers. It served the government honorably in many battles, and no troops ever did better fighting. Upon the roll of honor will be found the names of 266 brave soldiers, who gave up their lives on the field of battle, in hospital from mortal wounds received, or from disease. The regiment was mustered out on September 20, 1865, at Carolina City, N. C.

Twenty-seventh U. S. Colored Troops.—Colonel, Albert M. Blackman; Lieutenant-Colonel, John W. Donnellon; Majors, William G. Neilson, Mathew R. Mitchell. This regiment was organized at Camp Delaware, from January 16 to August 6, 1864, to serve for three years. Shortly after being mustered into the U. S. service it was ordered to Camp Casey, Washington, D. C., where it was stationed for awhile, doing garrison duty. Thence it went to City Point and Petersburg, Virginia, it being at the latter place that it distinguished itself for unsurpassed gallantry and good conduct upon the battlefield. The bravery of this regiment was also displayed at Chaffin's farm and the Weldon railroad. It was sent down into North Carolina, where it was engaged a part of the time in doing garrison duty and the other part of the time in the operations in and around Fort Fisher, Wilmington, Goldsboro and Raleigh. It did heroic service, won the confidence and approval of its superior officers, and after as honorable service as any of the regiments, it was mustered out on September 21, 1865, at Smithville, N. C. The roll of honor of this regiment shows 18 killed in action, and 149 died in hospital of disease or wounds received in battle.

First Cavalry.—Colonels, Owen P. Ransom, Minor Milliken, Beroth B. Eggleston; Lieutenant-Colonels, Thomas C. H. Smith, James Laughlin, Valentine Cupp, Thomas J. Pattin, Stephen C. Writer; Majors, Michael W. Smith, Erasmus B. Dennison, David A. B. Moore, James N. Scott, John C. Frankeberger, William McBurney. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase from August 17 to October 5, 1861, to serve for three years. About the middle of September, Cos. A and C were ordered to western Virginia, whence, after performing considerable service in that department, they were ordered to the Shenandoah Valley and attached to the commands of Shields, Banks and Kilpatrick. They participated in many of the sanguinary engagements around the capital and did not return to the regiment until the spring of 1864. In December the regiment broke camp and proceeded by rail and steamboat to Louisville, being the first regiment of cavalry to enter that department. It participated in the advance upon Corinth, having frequent skirmishes with the enemy, and after the evacuation it joined in pursuit of Beauregard's army, going as far as Booneville. During this pursuit it had four sharp engagements with the enemy, but with little loss. The regiment was constantly engaged in scouting and keeping the country clear of bushwhackers and guerrillas, and a detachment sent out from Tuscumbia, Alabama, had a severe engagement with Roddey's Confederate command near Russellville, and although successful suffered severely. In July Courtland was attacked by a large force of Confederate cavalry under General Anderson, when two companies of the 10th Kentucky infantry and Cos. E and K of the 1st Ohio cavalry engaged the enemy, holding him for a considerable time, but were compelled to retire, the enemy having captured the infantry and 21 of the cavalry. Returning to Kentucky with Buell's army, a battalion moved from Louisville in October, captured 25 prisoners in an engagement near Bardstown, and then took the advance on the Perryville road, carrying it with great gallantry. On the first day of the battle of Stone's river the regiment made a heroic charge against a foe flushed with success and continued the remaining two days until the victory was complete. On September 19, 1863, the regiment arrived on the Chickamauga battle-field and was immediately led into the fight, its loss in the engagement being severe. It was then stationed at Washington, Tennessee, for the purpose of guarding the Tennessee river, and while there the Confederate General Wheeler, with 8,000 cavalry, broke through General Crook's lines. The Confederate advance was met by a battalion of the 1st cavalry under Major Scott and a severe engagement followed, in which 26 men of the battalion were wounded and captured. While on a raid toward Chattanooga in November, the regiment had a severe engagement with the enemy at Cleveland, losing 15 men, but inflicting on the enemy a loss of at least 50. At Calhoun, a town on the Hiawassee river, in December, General Wheeler, with 2,800 men, attacked a wagon-train and this was followed by a brisk engagement, in which the Confederates lost 25 killed, 80 wounded and 131 taken prisoners. This brilliant affair cost the cavalry but 1 man killed and 3 wounded. A sufficient number reenlisting, it became a veteran regiment and after a furlough of 30 days was back in the ranks ready for duty. In May, 1864, it crossed the Tennessee river at Decatur and three days thereafter participated in the severe engagement at Moulton, resulting in the complete defeat of General Roddey, who had made an attack with a force of six regiments and a battery of artillery. The regiment lost in this engagement about 20 men killed and wounded. It then remained and acted with the main army up to and for some time after the fall of Atlanta, being employed mainly in covering the movements and protecting the flanks. When surrounded by the enemy at Lovejoy's Station the regiment particularly distinguished itself by holding in check for some time a large part of Cleburne's Confederate infantry division, with a loss of 50 men. It also took part in the movement which resulted in the evacuation of Atlanta by the Confederates. The regiment charged a 3-gun battery at Ebenezer Church, in April, 1865, and Forrest's far-famed horsemen were routed in 20 minutes. On April 2 Selma, Alabama, was taken; on the 9th the command began crossing the Alabama; on the 12 and 13th it rested in Montgomery; took up its march on the 14th toward Columbus, Georgia; the next day Buford's division was driven ahead; on the 16th the advance of the regiment struck the enemy near Crawford, Georgia, and charged them for 9 miles across the Ogeechee river. It was also engaged in the night assault upon Columbus, the capture of the works, the saying of the two bridges which opened up the city, its arsenals and factories, and gave as the result of one of the most desperate night assaults ever made 1,200 prisoners and 96 cannon. The regiment then garrisoned Georgia and South Carolina until mustered out—Cos. A to K, inclusive, and M on September 13, 1865, at Hilton Head, S. C., and Co. L on September 26, 1865, at Nashville, Tennessee.

Second Cavalry.—Colonels, Charles Doubleday, August V. Kautz. Bayard Nettleton, Dudley Seward; Lieutenant-Colonels, Robert W. Ratliff, George A. Purington, David E. Welch; Majors, Henry F. Willson, George G. Miner, Henry L. Burnett, Albert Barnitz, Hyman N. Easton, Rynd E. Lawder. The 2nd cavalry was recruited and organized under the supervision of Hon. B. F. Wade and Hon. John Hutchins, in the summer and fall of 1861, to serve for three years, and rendezvoused at Camp Wade. Early in January, 1862, under orders from the war department, the regiment proceeded by rail via Cincinnati, St. Louis and St. Joseph to Platte City, Missouri. In February a scouting party of 120 men of the regiment was attacked in the streets of Independence by an equal force under the command of the subsequently noted Quantrill, but as the results of the regiment's "first fight," Quantrill was routed in 15 minutes, losing 5 killed, 4 wounded and 5 captured, the Ohioans losing 1 killed and 3 wounded. In August, 1862, there was a detail of 2 officers and 13 men from each company for the purpose of forming a light battery of artillery. And in January, 1863, there was an order issued by the war department, making the detail a permanent Ohio battery, to be known as the 25th battery Ohio light artillery. Early in September the mounted portion of the regiment, with the battery above-mentioned, moved with the army of General Blunt into Missouri and Arkansas, sharing in the active campaign, which ended in the victory of Prairie Grove. In this autumn campaign the regiment fought at Carthage and Newtonia, Missouri, camped at Pea Ridge, and fought at Cow hill, Wolf creek, White river and Prairie Grove. In September, 1863, the regiment participated in the defeat of the Confederates at Blountsville and Bristol, Tennessee. During the siege of Knoxville it operated on the enemy's flank and after the siege was raised joined in the pursuit . In December it fought Longstreet's cavalry at Morristown; two days later it formed the advance of a brigade which attacked and fought eighteen regiments for 2 hours at Russellville, losing 40 men killed and wounded; it was at the front 5 hours in the battle of Bean's station, and for five days was almost constantly under fire. The time was spent in maneuvering and fighting until January 1, 1864, when out of 470 men 420 reenlisted and were furloughed. At Brandy Station, Virginia, it engaged Rosser's cavalry with slight loss, and from this time on in the Wilderness campaign it was employed almost constantly in covering the right flank of the infantry, either on picket duty or skirmishing. The regiment occupied the center and sustained the heaviest of the shock at Hanover Court House, driving the enemy from the front, taking possession of and holding the town. In Ashland it was surrounded by the enemy under Fitzhugh Lee and an action ensued which lasted until sunset, when the Union forces withdrew, the regiment covering the retreat. It had an active share in the fighting at Nottaway Court House, Stony creek and Reams' station, losing 105 killed, wounded and missing, and returned to the lines at Light House point on July 1. It was engaged in August at Winchester and Charlestown, then marched to the vicinity of Berryville and assisted in driving the enemy from that town. At the battle of the Opequan, after 4 hours' hard fighting, the regiment was the last to leave the pursuit on the Valley pike. With its division, it moved out the Front Royal pike, drove Wickham's cavalry through Front Royal and marched and skirmished in Luray valley until it joined the army at New Market. At Waynesboro the regiment fought, dismounted, till all had withdrawn and then charged through a line of Confederate infantry in column of fours and continued as rear-guard until noon the next day. Rosser's cavalry attacked the command at Bridgewater, but was repulsed, the regiment sharing in the action. It shared in the battle of Cedar creek, being in the saddle from daybreak until 9 o'clock p. m. The regiment marched with the cavalry to reconnoiter Early's force at New Market, where it became hotly engaged, and it repulsed that portion of the enemy which attacked the 1st brigade at Lacey springs. It was mustered out on September 11, 1865. at St. Louis, Missouri.

Third Cavalry.—Colonels, Louis Zahm. James W. Paramore, Charles B. Seidel, Horace N. Howland: Lieutenant-Colonels, Douglas A. Murray, Darius E. Livermore; Majors, John H. Foster, James S. Brisbin, Charles W. Skinner, Leonard Adams, Thomas D. McClelland, Martin Archer, Francis P. Gates. This regiment was organized from the state at large, at Monroeville, Huron county, from September 4 to December 11, 1861, to serve for three years. In March, 1862. it was ordered to Nashville, Tennessee, and arrived there on the 18th. Tn September the 1st battalion of the regiment had a sharp engagement at Munfordville, Kentucky, with three times its own number and drove them into their works in three separate charges. It lost 2 killed and 12 wounded, and the enemy lost 38 killed and 60 wounded. Near Bardstown the same battalion, reinforced by two companies of the 2nd Ohio and 3d Kentucky cavalry, attacked the enemy 1,200 strong, but without success, the battalion losing 6 men killed, 20 wounded and 17 captured. In October a detachment of the regiment, with a portion of the 4th cavalry, numbering in all 250 men, was completely surrounded near Lexington by John Morgan's forces and after an obstinate resistance was compelled to yield to superior numbers. During the first day's fight at Stone's river the regiment was actively engaged and suffered considerable loss. On the second day it left the field to escort a train of 4,000 wagons to Nashville for supplies. The train was attacked at Stewart's creek by Wheeler's Confederate cavalry and the regiment, supported by the 10th Ohio infantry, repulsed the Confederates with severe loss. After the battle of Stone's river the regiment was sent in pursuit of the enemy, and near Middleton, Tennessee, attacked his rear-guard, capturing one of his trains. During the battle of Chickamauga it occupied a position at Lafayette, on the extreme left of the Federal lines, where it was attacked by the Confederates and forced back to Charleston, Tennessee. After the battle the regiment moved as the advance of General Crook's forces in pursuit of Wheeler's cavalry through Tennessee, engaging them at McMinnville and on the Shelbyville pike. The latter engagement was a handsome and successful cavalry fight, in which Wheeler's forces were completely routed and demoralized, large numbers of the Confederates being killed and captured, while the regiment lost but 2 men killed and 23 captured. In January, 1864, the regiment reenlisted and on the expiration of the 30-days' furlough returned to duty. Through the efforts of Major Charles W. Skinner and Captain E. M. Colver nearly 1,000 recruits were enlisted and on its return to the front at Nashville, the regiment numbered over 1,500 strong. In May it was engaged at Courtland, Alabama, with the Confederate General Roddey's command, the Confederates being routed with the loss of upward of 30 men killed and wounded. At Moulton the regiment was attacked by the same force in camp before daylight, and although partially surprised, it rallied, drove the enemy from the field, and pursued him. Reaching Rome, the regiment was assigned to a position on the left flank of Sherman's army and participated in the engagements at Noonday creek and Kennesaw mountain. After crossing the Chattahoochee river it was engaged in the battle of Peachtree creek. In the flanking movements on Jonesboro it was in General Garrard's cavalry division and was the first to attack the enemy's forces at Lovejoy's Station, taking possession of the railroad. In the first battle of Franklin, Tennessee, the regiment occupied a position on the left of General Thomas' forces and was engaged with the Confederate cavalry. It was then engaged in the Wilson raid through Alabama and Georgia and in the battles of Selma, Alabama, and Macon, Georgia. In the engagement at Selma it lost heavily in killed and wounded. The regiment was mustered out on August 4, 1865.

Fourth Cavalry.—Colonels, John Kennett, Eli Long; Lieutenant-Colonels, Henry W. Burdsal, John L. Pugh, Oliver P. Robie, George W. Dobb; Majors, James E. Dresbach, Henry C. Rogers, Canduce G. Megrue, Robert E. Logers, Peter Mathews, James Thomson. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison and Camp Gurley in November 1861, (with the exception of Cos. L and M, which were organized on August 15, 1862, at Cincinnati) to serve for three years. The regiment, composed of ten companies, with 1,o70 men, embarked for Jeffersonville, Ind., in Dec, 1861, then crossed into Kentucky and advanced to Bacon creek, having been assigned to the 3d division, General O. M. Mitchel commanding. At Bowling Green it succeeded in capturing a train loaded with a large amount of supplies, which the Confederates were endeavoring to move south. In March John Morgan captured the forage train as it was returning to camp from Nashville, with about 30 men and 80 horses, but Colonel Kennett pursued, recaptured all the men but 12 and all the horses but 16. The regiment advanced to Huntsville, Alabama., where it arrived at daybreak, charged into the town and captured a train, loaded with 800 Confederate soldiers, also 17 locomotives and many cars. It was in the 2 hours' fighting at Bridgeport, Alabama, where the Confederates were routed and many of them killed and captured. The regiment accompanied the unfortunate expedition toward Lexington, Kentucky, when John Morgan, with 2,800 men, surrounded the command and in a short time 250 of the regiment were surrendered, robbed, paroled and on their way to Ohio. The regiment participated in the battle of Stone's river, then pursued the enemy toward Shelbyville, Tennessee, and on its return camped near Murfreesboro. It was frequently engaged in skirmishing and was on scouting expeditions to Liberty, Lebanon and Alexandria. With the 3d Ohio cavalry, at Snow Hill in April, 1863, it routed three regiments of Confederate cavalry, with a loss of 3 wounded and 4 captured. In May it was again engaged in an expedition against a force of Confederate cavalry at Middleton, attacked them at daybreak and drove them from their camps, which were burned. The regiment was engaged on the extreme right of the army at Chickamauga, with a loss of 32 killed, wounded and missing. Then the second battalion marched into East Tennessee, made a raid on Cleveland, captured a large number of prisoners, and burned a shot, shell and cap factory. Having reenlisted as a veteran organization and been furloughed home, the regiment was again at the front in the spring of 1864. It moved to Courtland, Alabama, thence to Moulton, where at reveille the Confederate General Roddey, with four regiments and two battalions of cavalry and 4 pieces of artillery, attacked the brigade, but after two hours' hard fighting was driven pell-mell from the field, the regiment losing 10 men wounded, 1 mortally. It was in the advance on Jonesboro, Georgia; took part in the fighting at Lovejoy's Station; actively participated in the Wilson raid through Alabama and Georgia in the spring of 1865, and in the charge at Selma, Alabama, lost about 50 men killed and wounded. Engagements also occurred at Montgomery, Alabama, and Macon, Georgia. The regiment did guard duty at the latter place until ordered home to be mustered out, this event occurring on July 15, 1865.

Fifth Cavalry.—Colonels, William H. H. Taylor, Thomas T. Heath; Lieutenant-Colonels, John Henry, John Pummill; Majors, Frederick Scherer, Elbridge G. Ricker, Charles S. Hayes, Charles B. Cooper, Joseph C. Smith, George H. Rader, John Dalzell. This regiment was organized at Camp Dick Corwin, from September to November, 1861, to serve for three years. On February 26, 1862, it received orders to move, and on March 1 left Camp Dennison for Paducah, Kentucky, reporting to Brigadier-General W. T. Sherman. The regiment aggregated 1,142 strong, composed principally of men from Hamilton and Clermont counties, although Greene, Clark, Preble and Brown each furnished a number. On the night of March 15 the regiment dropped down to Pittsburg landing and the next evening an expedition, consisting of six squadrons of the regiment and one battalion of the 4th 11l., under Lieutenant-Colonel, Heath, was ordered in the direction of Corinth and when 5 miles from the landing, in front of Shiloh chapel, was suddenly fired upon by a considerable body of the enemy, several of the Illinois troops being wounded. A charge was immediately made, in which several prisoners were taken. On April 4 the second battalion of the regiment had a sharp skirmish with Confederate cavalry, infantry and artillery at Crump's landing, in which the battalion had 2 wounded, but brought in 14 prisoners. At the battle of Shiloh the regiment was constantly under fire, General Grant giving direct orders to it and assigning it various difficult and dangerous duties and positions in the field. The behavior of officers and men throughout their virgin battle was highly commended by both Gens. Grant and Sherman. The regiment advanced with the army in the slow "siege" of Corinth, and had its share of picket duty and other exposure. The first and second battalions brought on the battle of Metamora, Mississippi—or as the Confederates call it, "The Hatchie"—where it fought bravely throughout the day, driving the rear-guard in its retreat and capturing many prisoners. Squadrons M and B formed one-half the garrison which, with 250 cavalry and infantry, checked the advance of Van Dorn's division of 10,000 men, in the battle of Davis' mills, and the conduct of this heroic handful of men shone so brilliantly that it caused General Grant to recount their valor in general orders, requesting the whole army to follow their example and ordering that the 5th Ohio cavalry inscribe on its colors, in addition to "Pittsburg Landing," the name of "Davis mills." In December, 200 recruits en route for the regiment, were captured by General Forrest, about 11 miles from Lexington, Tennessee, and afterward paroled. In an expedition from Memphis in April, 1863, 47 men of squadron F charged Colonel Ferguson's Confederate regiment and drove it in confusion, bringing back 48 prisoners. The same month a severe battle was fought at Coldwater, Mississippi, in which the regiment was engaged. An expedition, composed of 100 men each from the 5th Ohio, 2nd 111. and 1st Missouri cavalry, was sent out toward Panola, Mississippi, under command of Major Henry, and on June 20, while in bivouac on the plantation of Dr. Adkins, 12 miles south of Hernando, was surrounded in a dense fog by General Chalmers with a force of 2,000 men, with 6 field-guns. The little band, however, by a gallant charge cut through the enemy's lines and escaped, although closely pursued for 10 miles, the killed, wounded and missing of the 5th numbering 80 men. In August the 3d battalion, which had been detached for' more than a year, joined the regiment and after resting but one day the regiment commenced the work to which it had been ordered— the protection of Corinth and the railroad thence to Memphis—by marching southward along the Mobile railroad to attack a brigade of the enemy's cavalry, which it met and drove through Baldwin and as far south as Guntown, without loss. In the engagement at Clear creek, Alabama, and in the eight days of almost constant fighting that preceded it, the regiment did its whole duty and won weighty compliments from General Osterhaus and staff. During the spring of 1864 it effected a veteran organization and in the autumn joined Sherman in his march to the sea and up through the Carolinas. It was retained in service until October 30, 1865, when it was mustered out.

Sixth Cavalry.—Colonels, William R. Lloyd. William Stedman, Frank C. Loveland; Lieutenant-Colonels, William O. Collins, Norman A. Barrett, George W. Dickinson; Majors, John O. Ferrell, Richard B. Treat, Amandar Bingham, John H. Cryer, Benjamin C. Stanhope, James C. Richart, James S. Abell, Matthew H. Cryer. This regiment was organized by Colonel William R. Lloyd, at Camp Hutchins, Warren, in October, November and Dec, 1861, to serve for three years. It entered the U. S. service in the field in western Virginia in May, 1862, under General Fremont: thence into the Valley of Virginia under General Sigel; thence into the campaign in front of Washington, D. C., in the summer of 1862 with the Army of Virginia under General John Pope; was then with General George B. McClellan, in the Army of the Potomac, in fall of 1862; with General Burnside in the winter of 1862 and 1863; and then with General Joe Hooker, who organized the cavalry corps early in 1863, thereafter commanded in succession by Gens. Stoneman, Pleasonton and Sheridan; served through the summer of 1863, under General Meade, and then until the close of the war under Gens. Meade, Grant and Sheridan. The regiment, from the date of organization of the cavalry corps, served in the brigades commanded by Generals Buford, Duffie, Averell, Mcintosh, D. McM. Gregg, Kilpatrick, Huey, Davies and C. H. Smith; and in divisions commanded by Generals Bayard, Averell, Pleasonton, Gregg and Crook. The roster of this regiment shows that from 1861 to 1865 there were 1,758 officers and enlisted men in the organization. This does not include one battalion of four companies which was detached and taken to the far west under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Collins. Under an order from the war department, dated Sept . 20, 1862, there were four companies recruited to nil up the regiment . These companies were in part recruited at Camp Cleveland and two of them, B and E, joined the regiment at Falmouth, Virginia, March 9, 1863. The other two, F and M, joined the regiment March 8, 1864, at Warrenton, Virginia. Following is a list of battles, engagements and skirmishes in which this regiment bore an honorable part: Woodstock, Mt. Jackson, Cross Keys, Luray Court House, Warrenton, Bull Run, Chantilly, Fredericksburg, Kelly's ford, Stoneman's raid, Stevensburg, Aldie, Middleburg, Upperville, Virginia; Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; Hagerstown, Boonsboro, etc., Falling Waters, Maryland; Shepherdstown, Rapidan Station, Sulphur springs, Auburn mills, Bristoe Station, Mine Run, Todd's tavern, Mitchell's shop, Yellow tavern, Meadow bridge, Haw's shop, Cold Harbor, Bottom's bridge, Trevilian Station, St. Mary's Church, Malvern hill, Darbytown, Deep Bottom, Reams' station, Peebles' farm, Boydtown road. Stony creek, Hatcher's run, Quaker road, Dinwiddie Court House, Five Forks, Jetersville, Deatonsville, Sailor's creek, Farmville, High bridge, Appomattox, or Lee's surrender, Virginia. On the expiration of its term of service, the original members (except veterans) were mustered out, and the organization was retained in service until August 7, 1865, when it was mustered out at Petersburg, Virginia, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Seventh Cavalry.—Colonel, Israel Garrard; Lieutenant-Colonel, George G. Miner; Majors, William Reaney, Augustus Norton, James Mclntire, William T. Simpson, John Leaper, Solomon L. Green, Leonard Skinner. This regiment was recruited from the counties in the southwestern part of the state and was known as the "River regiment." It was mustered into service from September 12, 1862, to November 8, 1862, at Columbus, Camp Ripley, Athens, Pomeroy and Gallipolis, to serve for three years. At time of organization it numbered 1,204 men, and at time of muster-out 840 men. The regiment entered the field of warfare in Kentucky and thence to Tennessee. In December Cos. A and D fought the spirited engagement at Carter's station, which resulted in the defeat of the enemy, 273 of whom surrendered to the Federal detachment, leaving 6 killed and 8 wounded on the field, besides surrendering a piece of artillery. A magnificent railroad bridge was burned and a train of cars run into the river. A detachment of the regiment met the enemy at Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, in March, 1863, defeated him and finally drove him from the state. At the battle of Dutton's hill the regiment was especially conspicuous, distinguishing itself in two charges and contributing largely to the victory. On May 1, General Pegram having collected at Monticello a force of cavalry estimated to number 4,000, the regiment, with other mounted troops, crossed the Cumberland river at Mill Springs, attacked Pegram, defeated him, drove his force to its retreat beyond the Cumberland mountains, and returned to Somerset. In the engagement known as Rocky gap the regiment bore the brunt of the fighting and General Burnside complimented it in orders. The regiment was a part of the force that pursued General Morgan on his raid through Indiana and Ohio, and being in the advance was the first to attack him at Buffington island. Then being reinforced by other troops a sharp engagement ensued, which resulted in the defeat of the enemy, who fled from the field in the greatest disorder, leaving his artillery and dead and wounded on the field, as well as his arms and stolen property, consisting of boots, shoes and clothing of all kinds. At Cumberland gap in September, the Confederate garrison under General Frazer, consisting of 2,600 men, with 15 pieces of artillery, surrendered, the River regiment being detailed to receive the surrender and occupy this "gateway to East Tennessee." On September 10 it returned to Knoxville, and from there marched to Carter's station, where in a night fight it drove a large force of the enemy from that place. In the battle of Blue Springs it participated in the final charge made near nightfall, in which the enemy was routed and sought safety in retreat . In the terrible defeat at Rogersville the regiment lost 112 men and some of its best officers. It then crossed the Clinch mountains, took position on the north bank of Clinch river, and held it against the enemy during the siege of Knoxville. In pursuit of the enemy retreating from Knoxville the regiment participated in the hotly contested battle at Bean's station, which lasted the entire day and in which both parties suffered severely. On December 23 the regiment crossed the Holston river, engaged and drove the enemy from New Market . It then crossed Bey's mountain, engaged a largely superior force near Dandridge, and after hard fighting all day, in which it was twice surrounded, was compelled to cut its way out. In January it participated in the fight at Fair Garden, in which after several hours' fighting the enemy was defeated and driven in full retreat across the French Broad river, 2 pieces of Confederate artillery and several hundred prisoners being captured. In June the regiment, with the force under General Burbridge, marched toward Cynthiana, Kentucky, and there attacked Morgan's force, defeating and driving him from the field in confusion. In this engagement the regiment captured some 500 prisoners, though in doing so sacrificed several valuable men. From July until September the regiment participated in the siege of the "Gate City," being actively engaged with the enemy almost daily. On November 30 was fought the bloody battle at Franklin, Tennessee, where the regiment tenaciously held its position on the left of the Federal line. In the first day's fight at Nashville it charged by squadrons, drove the enemy in its front a mile and a half, captured 4 pieces of artillery, and on the second day was actively engaged. The regiment was mustered out on July 4, 1865, its loss by casualties of war having been 560.

Eighth Cavalry.—Colonels, Samuel A. Gilbert, Alpheus S. Moore, Thomas Drummond. Wesley Owens; Lieutenant-Colonels, Lysander W. Tulleys, Robert Youart, Augustus Dotze; Majors, Jacob A. Souders, James W. Shaw, Nicholas D. Badger. This regiment, formerly the 44th infantry, was organized as a veteran cavalry regiment by order of the secretary of war. Its designation was changed to the 8th Ohio volunteer cavalry in January, 1864, and the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, was retained in service until July 30, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department . Immediately after or during the retreat from Lynchburg, Virginia, and until December 1, 1864, this regiment was divided, one detachment being ordered to Beverly, West Virginia, where it arrived on June 30, 1864, and the other taking part in the operations in the Shenandoah Valley, including the skirmishes in which the cavalry was engaged and the battles of Winchester, Fisher's hill and Cedar creek. At Huttonsville, West Virginia, August 23, 1864, 80 men belonging to Cos. C, H and K were surprised and captured, their arms, equipments and horses only being taken. The camp of the 8th at Beverly, West Virginia, was attacked on October 29, 1864, just before daylight, but after a severe hand-to-hand fight, the Confederates, who had intended a surprise, were forced to retreat with a loss of 17 killed, 27 wounded and 92 prisoners, while the regiment lost only 8 killed, 25 wounded and 13 missing. On the morning of January 11, 1865, between 3 and 4 o'clock, the enemy under General Rosser attacked and surprised the camp of the 8th Ohio cavalry and the 34th Ohio infantry, at Beverly, killed 5 men, wounded 20 and captured 583. The captured men were taken to Richmond, Virginia, where they were held as prisoners until February 15, 1865, when they were sent to Annapolis, Maryland, and thence to Camp Chase (parole camp), Ohio, where they were mustered out by order of the war department.

Ninth Cavalry.—Colonel, William D. Hamilton; Lieutenant-Colonels, Thomas P. Cook, William Stough; Majors, William Sims, John Williamson, Henry Plessner, Elijah Hogue, Lewis H. Bowlus, John W. Macumber, James Irvine. This regiment was organized in 1863, to serve three years. Cos. A, B, C and D were mustered in at Camp Zanesville, in January and the other eight companies at Camp Dennison in September, October and December. The regiment was finally completed and united in Alabama in the spring of 1864. In April an Alabama regiment surrounded a barn at Florence, in which the men of Co. G were sleeping, shot 2 of the sentinels, and after a short struggle succeeded in capturing 41 men of the company. Of the 2,500 men chosen to take part in Rousseau's raid in Alabama and Georgia, 700 were from the 9th Ohio cavalry and the regiment lost during the expedition 26 men, most of whom were captured while foraging. It was identified with General Sherman's cavalry division on the march to the coast, in which skirmishing continued more or less until the general engagement took place at Waynesboro, in which the regiment made the second charge and broke the Confederate lines. At Aiken, S. G, it was engaged and assisted in driving the Confederates beyond their lines. The regiment was engaged in the battle of Monroe's cross-roads and in the battle of Averasboro it supported the right flank of the 20th corps, becoming hotly engaged. It fought at Bentonville, the last battle of the campaign, and skirmished a little at Raleigh before entering the capital. The regiment was mustered out on July 20, 1865, at Lexington, N. C.

Tenth Cavalry.—Colonels, Charles C. Smith, Thomas W. Sanderson; Lieutenant-Colonels, William E. Haynes, James D. Piatt; Majors, Lyman C. Thayer, William S. Hickox, William Thayer, Abram F. McCurdy, Nathaniel W. Filkins, David Stratton. This regiment was organized at Camp Cleveland and Camp Chase, from October, 1862, to July 25, 1863, to serve for three years. It left early in the spring of 1863 for Nashville, Tennessee, when it was ordered to Murfreesboro, where it remained doing picket and scout duty until the Army of the Cumberland opened the campaign against General Bragg, in which the regiment performed a vast amount of marching and countermarching. It was actively engaged in all of General Kilpatrick's movements during Sherman's Atlanta campaign, after which the great march to the sea was inaugurated, and on this march the regiment was frequently engaged with the enemy. The following list of battles, in which this regiment bore an honorable part, has been compiled, after a careful research, during the preparation of this work: Chickamauga, Georgia; Cosby creek, Tennessee; Tunnel Hill, siege of Atlanta, Jonesboro, Sweetwater, Bear Creek Station, Waynesboro, Georgia; Aiken, S. C.; Monroe cross-roads and Averasboro, N. C. The regiment was mustered out on July 24, 1865, at Lexington, N. C., in accordance with orders from the war department.

Eleventh Cavalry.—Lieutenant-Colonels, William O. Collins, Thomas L. Mackey; Majors, John O. Ferrell, Bolivar C. Converse, Levi G. Marshall, William H. Evans. Cos. A, B, C and D of this regiment were organized as the 7th Ohio cavalry, but were consolidated on December 19, 1861, with the 6th cavalry, forming the 1st battalion of that regiment, the whole being then rendezvoused at Camp Dennison. On March 13, 1862, the 1st battalion, under command of Lieutenant-Col Collins, was detached from the 6th cavalry and ordered to report to General Halleck, at St. Louis, Missouri, by whom it was ordered to proceed to Fort Laramie, D. T. (now Wyoming), where it arrived on May 30, 1862, having marched overland from Fort Leavenworth, Kan., a distance of about 640 miles. During the summer of 1862, the battalion was permanently detached from the regiment and designated as the "First Independent Battalion Ohio Volunteer Cavalry." A battalion of four companies (E, F, G and H) was organized at Camps Dennison and Chase, Ohio, from June 26 to July 31, 1863, when the two battalions were consolidated and designated the nth Ohio cavalry. The 2nd battalion was called into service during John Morgan's raid through Ohio, and after the capture and dispersion of his force returned to Camp Dennison. Leaving Camp Dennison on August 1, 1863, it reached Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, on the 13th. While there awaiting supplies the sacking and burning of the town of Lawrence occurred and the battalion was sent in pursuit of Quantrill. After marching about 150 miles it was recalled, and on September 2 proceeded across the plains for Fort Laramie, where it arrived on October 10. Cos. I, K and L were organized on June 30, 1864, at Fort Laramie, D. T., being composed of surplus recruits assigned to the regiment. The ground of the operations of this regiment, which was never actually together during its term of service, was in the center of the Rocky mountains and the then hostile Indian country, before the organization of the territory of Wyoming, when nearly all that vast extent of territory was known as Dakota and Idaho. Its principal duty was to guard the Pacific telegraph line and the overland route of communication and supply, extending from Colorado and western Nebraska and Kansas through Wyoming and Idaho to Utah and Oregon. With the exception of Fort Laramie, the men of this regiment erected and guarded all the military posts and stations established in 1864-65 on the line of communication and supply indicated, to make the circuit of which required 1,000 miles of travel. From March 1 to September 5, 1865, a single company of this regiment erected five posts, guarded 150 miles of Pacific telegraph line, and its several detachments had 13 engagements with Indians. Two companies, on an expedition to Powder and Tongue rivers, took part in a charge upon and the burning of an Indian village, marched 1,200 miles and were out 58 days. It is difficult to definitely locate and designate the numerous engagements between the detachments and the Indians, but the following is a list of the principal battles, compiled after a careful research, during the preparation of this work: South Pass, Sweet Water bridge, Mud Springs Station, Rush creek, near Laparelle creek, near Poison creek, Fort Marshall, Deer Creek Station, Camp Marshall, Deer creek, St. Mary's Station, Elkhorn, near Deer creek, Sage Creek Station, Sweet Water bridge, Rock creek, Platte bridge (Ft. Caspar), Powder river, Indian village (Tongue River). Cos. A, B, C and D were mustered out on April 1, 1865, at Omaha, Neb., by reason of expiration of term of service. The remaining companies, being the last volunteer troops from Ohio in service, were mustered out on July 14, 1866, at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., by order of the war department.

Twelfth Cavalry.—Colonel. Robert W. Ratliff; Lieutenant-Colonels, Robert H. Bentley, John F. Herrick; Majors, Miles J. Collier, Erasrus C. Moderwell, This regiment, from the state at large, was organized at Camp Cleveland from August 7 to November 24, 1863, to serve for a term of three years. On November 29 it moved to Louisville, then to Lexington and Mt. Sterling, and at the latter place was closely engaged with the Confederates in the following June, behaving with great gallantry and being especially complimented by General Burbridge. It overtook Morgan at Cynthiana and fought with him, scattering his forces in every direction. In October it was engaged for half a day in hard fighting at Salrville, finally charging up a hill and driving the enemy from his works. It did its full share of duty under General Stoneman, at Bristol, Abingdon and Marion; thence as support to General Gillem in his pursuit of Vaughn; then back again to Marion, where Stoneman engaged Breckenridge for 40 hours, and finally defeated him. In December Saltville was captured and the forces returned to Kentucky, regimental headquarters being established at Richmond, in the spring of 1865 it again formed part of a raiding expedition under General Stoneman, during which Salisbury, with its stores and the Federal prisoners confined there, fell into Union hands. The regiment was mustered out on November 14, 1865, at Nashville, Term., in accordance with orders from the war department.

Thirteenth Cavalry.—Lieutenant-Colonels, Noah H. Hixon, Stephen R. Clark; Majors, John N. Cherry, Francis C. Russell, William Jarvis, Richard 11. Wheeler. This regiment was organized from May 5, 1864, to March 23, 1865, at Camp Chase. It was formed by the reenlistment of members of the 4th and 5th independent cavalry battalions (six months organizations) and recruits from different parts of the state. From its organization until Dec 18, 1864, the regiment acted as infantry, but on that day the men were armed and equipped as cavalry and served as such until mustered out. The following is a list of battles, in which this regiment bore an honorable part, in the compilation of which reference has been made to the Official Army Register, Part V, page 20, and other sources: Weldon railroad, Assault on Petersburg, Reams' station, Peebles' farm, Poplar Spring Church, Hatcher's run, South Side railroad, Hatcher's run, Dinwiddle Court House, Amelia springs, Jetersville, Appomattox C. H. (Lee's Surrender). The regiment was mustered out of service on August 10, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Merrill's Horse (also known as 2nd Missouri Cavalry).—Ten companies of this regiment (A to K inclusive) were organized at Benton barracks. St. Louis, Missouri, late in the year 1861, and Cos. L and M at St. Louis and Warrenton, Missouri, January 1 and June 30, 1863, to serve for three years. Cos. B, C and K were enlisted at Cincinnati, Ohio, and were officered by Ohio men. They were also furnished with recruits from this state from time to time. The following is a list of battles and actions, in which this regiment bore an honorable part, as published by the war department: Silver creek, Knob Noster, Memphis, Moore's mills, Kirksville, Switzer’s mill, Crampton's ferry and Roanoke, Missouri; Brownsville, Bayou Meto, Arkansas; Bear Skin lake, Missouri; Little Rock, Princeton, Prairie d'Ane, Camden, Moro Bottom, Jenkins' ferry, Arkansas; Little Blue, Big Blue, Missouri, and Little Osage river, Kan. The original members (except veterans) were mustered out as their terms of service expired, and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in the service until Sept . 19, 1865, when it was mustered out at Nashville, Tennessee, in accordance with orders from the war department. (See 2nd Missouri cavalry.)

Second Battalion Cavalry.—This battalion—so called on the books of the war department—was composed of two companies, organized at separate times for temporary service, near the close of the national guard movement in 1864.. Co. A, organized in Highland county, was called out in the month of August to guard the state arsenal, and with Captain Waddell commanding, served out its term of 60 days in a manner highly satisfactory. At the expiration of their time the men were paid by the U. S. government, and relieved by Co. C, from the same battalion, under the command of Captain Amen. After honorably serving out its term of enlistment this company, too, was mustered out and paid by the general government. The service of each company was limited to guard duty.

Fourth Independent Cavalry Battalion.—Major, Joseph T. Wheeler. This battalion, composed of five companies, was organized at Cincinnati, from August 3 to September 21, 1863, to serve for six months. It was mustered out by companies at different dates from February 15 to March 14, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service. Many of the members reenlisted in the 13th cavalry, which was then organizing at Camp Chase. Part of this battalion was in service during the Morgan raid, being subsequently sent to eastern Kentucky, where, although it participated in no regular battles, it did good service in protecting the citizens from the raids of the guerrillas with which that region was infested.

Fifth Independent Cavalry Battalion.—Major, John F. Ijams. This battalion, composed of four companies, was organized at Columbus from July 9 to Sept . 2, 1863, to serve for six months. Co. A participated in checking the advance of Morgan in southern Ohio, and after his capture returned to Camp Chase. When the battalion was completed it was sent into eastern Kentucky to protect the citizens from the raids of the guerrillas that infested that part of the state. It captured a number of the most noted and broke up their bands which result brought peace and security to the inhabitants. It did not participate in any regular battle because there was no organized force pitted against it . It was mustered out on February 15, 1864, at Cincinnati, Ohio, on expiration of term of service.

McLaughlin's Cavalry Squadron.—Majors, William McLaughlin, Gaylord McFall, Richard Rice. In October, 1861, the governor of Ohio requested the war department permission for Major McLaughlin, of Mansfield, to raise a force of cavalry. Said permission was granted and a special order was issued to William McLaughlin to raise an independent command, to be named McLaughlin Squadron. This squadron was organized and mustered in at Mansfield, in November and Dec, 1861, to serve for three years. It left Mansfield for the field and was sent to eastern Kentucky to look after Humphrey Marshall's Confederate command, then near Paintville. It operated with the command of Colonel Garfield of the 43d Ohio infantry and was with that command at the battle of Middle creek. During the siege of Knoxville it performed escort and picket duty, with occasional skirmishes with the enemy, until January 10, 1864, when most of the men reenlisted and returned to Ohio to enjoy their veteran furlough of 30 days. Moving through Kentucky and Tennessee, the squadron then joined General Sherman's forces at Big Shanty, Georgia, and formed a part of General Stoneman's command in his raid to Macon, in which it suffered severely in killed, wounded and missing. Colonel Israel Garrard of the 7th Ohio cavalry having superseded Stoneman, the squadron marched in company with his command and operated in Sherman's flanking movements toward Atlanta. Thence it went with the Federal forces to the sea, through North and South Carolina, participating in the fight at Bentonville and the brisk skirmishes at Blackville and other points on the march up to Raleigh, N. C. It was then sent to Lexington and Concord, N. C., returning to Raleigh in July, 1865, at which time and place it was consolidated with the 5th Ohio cavalry.

Harlan's Light Cavalry.—Captains, Noah M. Runyan, Gerard Reynolds, Samuel N. Titus, Irvin Bacon; First Lieuts., William H. Kilmer, Hiram H. Eggleston, J. Samuel Weaver; Second Lieutenant, Isaac A. Smallwood. This company was organized at Camp Chase, by Captain Noah M. Runyan, under an order from the secretary of war, Simon Cameron, authorizing Colonel Josiah Harlan to raise an independent regiment of cavalry, the intention being to have companies from twelve different states. It was subsequently found, however, that the laws of Congress did not authorize the recruiting of single companies in a state. This company was therefore attached to the nth Pennsylvania cavalry and designated as Co. M. The company was mustered into the U. S. service September 1. 1861, at Camp Chase, for three years, and proceeded at once to join the 11th Pennsylvania at Hesterville, a suburb of Philadelphia. From Philadelphia the company was sent with its regiment to Ball's cross-roads, Virginia, where it went into camp. Its active campaigning commenced in the spring of 1863. It was at the siege of Suffolk, Co. M being stationed at South mills as an outpost, guarding the approach in that direction. It participated in the attack on the enemy's works, near Hanover Court House, which resulted in the capture of 125 Confederate prisoners, among them Brigadier-General W. H. F. Lee, 700 horses and mules, 80 wagons, and other property. After reenlisting the company, in May, 1864, accompanied Brigadier-General A. V. Kautz in his operations against the Weldon railroad, Danville railroad, etc. At Jarratt's station the company lost 1 man killed and 11 wounded. At Reams' station the regiment engaged the enemy for three days, almost without intermission, with some loss. In March, 1865, it crossed the James and Appomattox rivers, and followed the fortunes of Sheridan's command until the surrender of Lee at Appomattox. It was mustered out on August 13, 1865.

Third Independent Cavalry Company.—Captains Philip Pfau, Frank Smith; First Lieuts., Jonas Seaman, Waldemar G. Wahle; Second Lieuts., Frank A. Dousman, Frederick Smith. This company was organized at Cincinnati, by Captain Pfau, each man furnishing his own horse and horse equipments. It was mustered into the state service on July 4, 1861, at Cincinnati, by George Sillygatt, aid-de-camp, and on August 16, 1861, at Camp Chase, it was mustered into the U. S. service for three years, to date from the original muster. A few days sufficed to prepare it for the field and it was sent to western Virginia, where it joined the forces already in the field under General McClellan. Pfau's company of horse was noted for the energy and success with which it performed the work of scouting and skirmishing marked out for it. The original members were mustered out on July 11, 1864, at Camp Dennison, Ohio, on expiration of term of service, and the organization, composed of recruits, was retained in the service until May 22, 1865, when it was mustered out at Cumberland, Maryland, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Fourth Independent Cavalry Company.—Captains, John S. Foster, John L. King; First Lieuts., William H. Hannah, Joseph F. Thomas; Second Lieuts., Stephen D. Porter, Thomas C. Yates. This company was organized at Georgetown, each man furnishing his own horse and horse equipments, and was mustered into the service on July 9, 1861, at Georgetown, for three years. On the 10th it left for Camp Chase, where it remained until August 19, when it was ordered to Missouri. On March 1, 1862, it was taken into St. Louis, placed on duty at General Halleck's headquarters, and acted as his escort until he was transferred to Washington. The company was then engaged in miscellaneous service until July 16, 1864, when the original members were mustered out at Cincinnati, Ohio, by reason of expiration of term of service. The recruits, about 50 in number, were left at General McPherson's headquarters and in August and September, 1864, John L. King, who had been a sergeant in the original organization, recruited the company to the maximum number and was commissioned captain. This company participated in the march to the sea, in the campaign in the Carolinas, and was present at the grand review in Washington, D. C., where it was mustered out on May 28, 1865.

Fifth Independent Cavalry Company.—Captain James L. Foley; First Lieutenant, Joseph M. Kennedy, Second Lieutenant, Isaac B. McLinn. This company was organized at Cincinnati and was composed principally of residents of that city. It was one of the four companies that formed the organization known as General Fremont's body-guard, commanded by Major Charles Zagonyi. Three companies of the guard, numbering 150 men, attacked a force of 1,000 organized men in open daylight at Springfield, Missouri, October 25, 1861, and put them to flight. While moving down a lane and before taking down a fence and forming for the charge, the guards received a heavy cross-fire, from which 40 men were thrown down and disabled by being hit themselves or having their horses shot, so that not more than no were engaged in the real attack. The loss of the guards in this action, the only one in which they were engaged, was 15 killed, 27 wounded and 10 captured, 4 of the killed and 13 of the wounded being members of this company. The captured men were soon afterward exchanged. The Confederate loss was heavy, being given by Reid, in his "Ohio in the War," as 107 killed and 30 captured.

Sixth Independent Cavalry Company.—Captains, Jeptha Garrard, George F. Dern; First Lieuts., James K. Wilson, Henry M. Ensminger; Second Lieuts., Joseph C. Grannan, William V. Lawrence. This company was recruited in the counties of Greene and Hamilton in August and September, 1861, and rendezvoused at Camp Dennison near Cincinnati. On September 23 it was ordered to Washington, D. C., and after persistent effort by the captain it was armed, equipped and splendidly mounted. Strict discipline being maintained, the men made rapid progress in their new profession. The company was finally attached to the 3d N. Y. cavalry as Co. L, and on January 9, 1862, joined the regiment at Camp Bates near Poolesville. On March 1 the company crossed the Potomac river at Harpers Ferry and moved to the outposts beyond Charlestown, Virginia. Berryville was soon occupied and on the following morning the company engaged in a skirmish with Ashby's cavalry driving them several miles. It then marched to Winchester, where it made a successful dash at Ashby and Stuart, returned to Harper's Ferry and on the day of the battle of Winchester marched for Washington, D. C., remaining there until the latter part of April when it moved to Alexandria preparatory to embarking for North Carolina—arriving at New Berne on May 12. Until September 1 the company was occupied in scouting and in expeditions to the interior, when it moved to Washington, N. C., to join the expedition to the Roanoke in the direction of Hamilton. On September 6 the expedition moved, this company taking the advance, when a volley of musketry was heard on the opposite side of the town. Captain Garrard wheeled the advance, dashed in the direction of the firing, and the Confederates were completely routed with a heavy loss, the company having 10 men wounded and 14 horses killed and disabled. In then proceeded to Plymouth and 10 days later to New Berne. It was engaged in scouting and picket duty until December n, when General Foster moved from New Berne, intending to penetrate if possible to Raleigh. During this movement the company acted as provost guard of the army and shared in the battles of Kinston, White Hall and Goldsboro bridge. In the siege of Washington, which immediately followed the Confederate attack on New Berne, in March, 1863, the company was kept continually on the scout. It shared in all the raids, scouts, skirmishes and battles around Richmond in the spring of 1864, losing heavily in killed, wounded and captured, and when the company's time expired but very few were left to muster out. During its term of service it furnished to the army 1 colonel, 1 major, 4 captains and 14 lieutenants.

Union Light Guard.—Captain, George A. Bennett; First Lieuts., Arthur W White, James B. Jamison; Second Lieutenant, George C. Ashmun. This independent company of cavalry was organized as a body-guard to President Lincoln by order of Governor Tod during November and Dec, 1863, by recruiting one man from each county in the state, and was known as the 7th independent company, Ohio volunteer cavalry. It was mustered in at Columbus, December 17, 1863, and left for Washington, D. C, on the 22nd. On its arrival there it reported to the secretary of war and was assigned to duty in and around the city, strong details being placed near the president's house, the treasury building, the war office and the other public buildings, in which line of duty they served until September 9, 1865, when the company was mustered out at Washington, in accordance with orders from the war department. 

Company H, 5th West Virginia Cavalry.—Captains, Patrick McNally, Joseph M. Bushfield, John Combs; First Lieuts., Henry C. Flesher, Louis P. Salterbach; Second Lieuts., Charles H. Day, John C. French, Andrew P. Russell. This company was recruited in Lawrence county, Ohio, by Major Patrick McNally, its first captain, under the first call of the president tor volunteers to. serve for three years. It was organized at Ironton on June 10, 1861, and mustered into service June 28, at Wheeling, West Virginia, with other West Virginia infantry regiments. The 2nd was mounted in June, 1863, and on January 26, 1864, its designation was changed to the 5th West Virginia cavalry, the Ohio company becoming Co. H. The company was mustered out on June 29, 1864, on expiration of term of service. The veterans remaining in the service were transferred to the 6th West Virginia, cavalry on December 14, 1864.

Bard's Independent Cavalry Company.—Captain, Sylvester W. Bard; First Lieutenant, Peter C. Bonte. This company was organized at Cincinnati, during the sudden alarm in the fall of 1862, to serve for 30 days. It was mustered out on Oct . 2, 1862.

Burdsall's Independent Cavalry.—Captain, Henry W. Burdsall; First Lieutenant, Minor Milliken; Second Lieutenant, C. B. Hunt . This company of cavalry was formed at Cincinnati, of patriotic young men of the counties of Hamilton and Butler, in June, 1861. It was ordered to western Virginia and was used with excellent effect in that wild region of country. During its term of service the company was almost entirely in the saddle, guarding trains, scouting the wild passes of the mountains and frequently meeting organized and unorganized bands of the enemy in hand-to-hand encounters. It participated in the battle of Rich mountain and in many skirmishes. The company's loss during its brief service was 1 man killed in battle, 2 died of wounds, 1 of disease, and 5 discharged for disability. It was mustered out at Columbus, August 23, 1861.

George's Independent Cavalry.—Captain, John S. George; First Lieutenant, Joseph N. Bimpson; Second Lieutenant, Charles E. Hambliton. This independent company of cavalry was organized at Ironton, in the spring of 1861. On July 2 it proceeded to Gallipolis and was mustered into the service of the state for a period of three months. It became a part of General J. D. Cox's brigade and entering western Virginia it marched to Red House on the Kanawha river, taking part in the reconnoissance for the purpose of discovering the Confederate position. On July 17 it became part of an attacking column to drive the enemy from his position at Scarey creek. It participated in all the marches and skirmishes during that campaign, forming a most important part of the state forces. The loss -to the company was 1 man killed in battle, and it was mustered out at Ironton on September 19.

First Heavy Artillery.—Colonel, Chauncey D. Hawley; Lieutenant-Colonel, Fordyce M. Keith; Majors, William G. Dickson, Robert W. Caldwell, Timothy S. Matthews, Henry L. Barnes. This regiment was mustered into the U. S. service as the 117th Ohio infantry at Camp Portsmouth, in September, 1862, for three years, its eight companies aggregating 796 men. The following month it was ordered to Kentucky, where it remained on guard duty and expeditions against guerrillas until in May, 1863, when orders were issued by the war department changing the organization into the 1st regiment, heavy artillery, and on August 12 it was so reorganized, with twelve full companies, aggregating 1,839 officers and men. During the process of reorganization the regiment constructed the extensive fortifications around Covington and Newport, and through the fall and winter of 1863-64 the regiment, in battalion detachments, was engaged in guard duty at various points in Kentucky. On February 19, 1864, it started under orders, through heavy snow and extreme cold, over the mountains to Knoxville, Tennessee, arriving there on March 9. Until September it was engaged in guarding the railroads through Tennessee, and subsequently participated in Burbridge's and Stoneman's raids against Saltville. During the winter of 1864-65 it was constantly engaged in foraging and fighting guerrillas throughout East Tennessee and North Carolina. Forming a part of the 1st brigade, 4th division, Army of the Cumberland, it was engaged in guarding mountain passes and garrisoning captured points in Virginia and North Carolina. After the surrender of Lee and Johnston it saw service in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Tennessee. On July 25, 1865, it was mustered out of the service, at Knoxville, Tennessee, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Second Heavy Artillery.—Colonel, Horatio G. Gibson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Martin B. Ewing; Majors, William S. Irwin, Daniel W. Hoffman, Lafayette Hammond, Lemon S. Powell. This regiment was organized at Camp Dennison from June to September, 1863, to serve for three years. The companies during the greater part of their service were separated from each other. Co. A was first stationed at Covington Barracks, Kentucky; in October it was sent to Fort Jones on Muldraugh's hill; on January 10, 1864, one half the company moved to Fort DeWolf, near Shepherdsville; in May to Cleveland, Tennessee; in August it was engaged with the enemy; in October it moved to Loudon; in November it moved to open communications with the forces then engaged with the enemy at Strawberry Plains; then returned to Knoxville and in December moved to Bean's station; thence to Southwestern Virginia; again returned to Knoxville, moved from that place to Camp Rothrock, and in January, 1865, to Fort Sanders. Co. B was just moved to Covington Barracks, Kentucky; thence to Bowling Green; in May, 1864, to Charleston, Tennessee; in August it was at Cleveland and took part in an engagement at that place; in October it moved to Fort Sanders and Knoxville; in November moved to open communications with the Union forces at Strawberry Plains; returned to Knoxville; in December marched to Bean's station; again returned to Knoxville, moving immediately thereafter to Camp Rothrock and Fort Byington. Co. C moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky; in May, 1864, was sent to Charleston, Tennessee; while there it engaged with the enemy in August; thence marched in pursuit of the Confederate cavalry and participated in the subsequent operations with the rest of the regiment; returned to Knoxville in December, thence moved to Loudon. Co. D moved to the fort on Muldraugh's hill; thence in May went into garrison at Tyner's station, where it remained until October; was then transferred to Loudon, Tennessee; in November it marched to open communications with the Union forces at Strawberry Plains; returned to Knoxville and a few days thereafter marched to Bean's station; it again returned to Knoxville. Co. E moved to Muldraugh's hill to garrison Fort Boyle; in May, 1864, was ordered to Camp Sedgwick, near Cleveland, Tennessee; in August had its first engagement with the enemy; participated with the rest of the regiment in the subsequent movements; in December returned to Knoxville, and in January, 1865, moved to Loudon. Co. F moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, where it remained until May, 1864; then moved to Charleston, Tennessee, where it was engaged with the enemy; subsequently shared in the movements of the regiment; in December returned to Knoxville, and in January moved to Loudon. Co. G moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, where it remained until May, 1864, when it was transferred to Charleston, Tennessee; in August moved to Cleveland and took part in an engagement with the enemy; then moved with the other companies and in February, 1865, to Athens. Co. H moved to Munfordville, Kentucky; remained in garrison at Battery McConnell until May. 1864; was then ordered to Camp Sedgwick at Cleveland, Tennessee; was engaged with the enemy's cavalry under Wheeler and joined Steedman's column in pursuit; thereafter it shared with the others in the subsequent operations. Co. I moved to Fort De Wolf at Shepherdsville, Kentucky, where it remained until January, 1864, when it went to Fort Nelson; in May it moved to Camp Sedgwick at Cleveland, Tennessee, where it engaged the enemy; in October it was transferred to Fort Galpin at Knoxville; in December it marched to Bean's station; returned to Knoxville and thence to Nashville. Co. K first moved to Munfordville; in May, 1864, was transferred to Charleston, Tennessee, where it was engaged with the enemy and participated in the subsequent movements; remained at Clinch gap until December, when it returned to Knoxville; shortly thereafter it was ordered to Greeneville and thence to Nashville. Co. L moved to Fort Boone, Frankfort, Kentucky; was transferred in December to Battery Simons, Munfordville; in May, 1864, marched to Camp Sedgwick at Cleveland, Tennessee, as guard to the regimental wagon train; in August moved to Charleston, where it participated in the engagement with the Confederate cavalry, and in the subsequent movements until it reached Strawberry Plains. Co. M moved to Fort Willich, Munfordville, Kentucky; in January, 1864, it was transferred to Fort Taylor, Camp Nelson, where it remained on duty up to May; Camp Sedgwick, Cleveland, Tennessee, was the next scene of its operations, and from this point it participated with the rest of the regiment in the operations; in February, 1865, it was at Athens. The regiment was mustered out of service on August 23, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

First Light Artillery.—(Three Months' Service.) Colonel, James Barnett; Lieutenant-Colonel, Stephen B. Sturges; Major, Clark S. Gates. Six days after the fall of Fort Sumter this organization was ordered to Columbus. The news spread through the city of Cleveland (four of the batteries were from that city, the other two being from Brooklyn and Geneva) and on the following Monday the regiment left Cleveland for Columbus, at which place it was ordered to Marietta via Loveland. Marietta was reached next morning when it went into camp on the fair ground, placing the guns in position to guard the city against any invasion by the enemy. The artillery was reinforced by the arrival of the 14th Ohio infantry on Mav 24, and the ]8th on the next day, the 14th being armed and equipped. On May 29, batteries D and F left Marietta by boat for Parkersburg, West Virginia, with orders to report to Colonel Steedman of the 14th. They moved rapidly along the line of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, repairing bridges destroyed by the enemy, so that by the 31st they had arrived at Clarksburg, 80 miles east of Parkersburg. The Confederates retreated from Clarksburg to Philippi; the two batteries moved to Webster, and after a tedious night march arrived before Philippi at 4 a. m., making short work of the Confederate force, which fled in dismay, leaving large quantities of supplies and war materials behind. This was the first light artillery fired by the national forces in the war. In this engagement only a few men were wounded. On May 30 the four companies at Camp Putnam moved by boat to Benwood, then proceeded to Grafton, and from there marched to Philippi, arriving too late to take part in that engagement. During June the headquarters of the regiment was at Philippi. The companies, however, were scattered, some with their guns doing duty as bridge guards. On July 6, orders were received to advance early the following day, occupy Belington and menace the enemy who was holding a strong position at Laurel hill. At daylight the skirmishers struck the Confederate pickets near Belington. The artillery was ordered to the front and shelled the enemy's outposts with demoralizing effect. On the 12th the Confederates retreated from Belington and Laurel hill, being pursued by the Union forces to Carrick's ford, where the 1st artillery opened fire on the enemy, holding a position on a high bank on the opposite side of the river, with excellent effect. The enemy fled once more in dismay, the Confederate general, Robert S. Garnett, being killed in this battle. A fine rifled piece was captured and presented to the artillery, and this trophy is now in the public square in the city of Cleveland. Its term of service having expired, the regiment moved back to Belington and remained there until ordered to Columbus to be mustered out, this occurring at

Camp Chase, July 27, 186I.

First Light Artillery.—(Three Years' Service.) Colonels, James Barnett, Charles S. Cotter; Lieutenant-Colonels, William H. Hayward, Walter E. Lawrence; Majors, Seymour Race, William P. Israel, Andrew J. Konkle, Warren P. Edgarton, Daniel T. Cockerill, Frederick Schultz, Wilbur F. Goodspeed. This regiment was organized at Ravenna, Cincinnati, Camp Dennison, Cleveland, Columbus and Camp Chase from August 6, 1861, to June 4, 1862, to serve for three years. Battery A left in September, 1861, for Louisville, Kentucky, receiving its equipment at Cincinnati while on the march. It made several laborious marches during its first year of service, but it did not participate in actual hostilities until the fall of 1862, when at Dog Walk, Kentucky, a portion of the battery was engaged. It performed effective service throughout the entire battle at Stone's river until the last gun was disabled by a shot from the enemy, and then the officers and men aided in working other batteries on the field. It participated in the movement on Tullahoma, fought at Hoover's and Liberty gaps, and accompanied General McCook over Sand mountain. It took part in the battle of Chickamauga and did some of its best fighting on those eventful days, but not Without the loss of 17 men killed and wounded. It entered Chattanooga with the army and aided in the defense of that place. It reenlisted, and after the 30-days' veteran furlough returned and participated in the whole of the Atlanta campaign. From Atlanta it went back to Chattanooga and thence to Columbia, at which point it was engaged with the Confederates under General Hood. Battery B was mustered into the service October 8, 1861, with an aggregate strength of 147 men. By order of Geri. O. M. Mitchel it left Cincinnati to report to General George H. Thomas, then in command at Camp Dick Robinson, Kentucky. The first experience it had in the field was a brisk little affair at Camp Wild Cat, in which it fired 12 rounds and silenced one of the enemy's guns. It took part in the battle of Mill Springs and performed very effective service. At the battle of Perryville it had a position on the right wing of the army, but was not engaged. On December 26 it moved with its brigade and division toward Murfreesboro, skirmishing heavily with the enemy in and around La Vergne. It bore its part throughout the battle of Stone's river, losing 17 men, killed, wounded and missing, and 21 horses killed. It remained near Murfreesboro up to June 24 and then joined in the advance of the Federal forces on Tullahoma, marching with the left in General Crittenden's corps. On the second day of the battle of Chickamauga the battery was charged by a large body of the enemy, but succeeded at first in beating them off; but a second charge overwhelmed the battery and it was compelled to leave 2 of its guns in the hands of the foe. In this charge several members of the battery were wounded and captured. The battery was cooped up with the rest of the army in Chattanooga, suffering all the privations of that siege, and participated in the battle at that place. Battery C was organized and mustered into the U. S. service on October 8, 1861, and left camp under orders to report to General George H. Thomas at Camp Dick Robinson, Kentucky. It joined the expedition which resulted in the battle of Mill Springs and the defeat of the Confederate General Zollicoffer, there doing some effective firing. In the advance of the army on Corinth the battery was almost incessantly engaged, performing some of the most arduous duty of the campaign. At Chickamauga it fought under the immediate eye of General Thomas and received a verbal compliment from that officer on the field of battle, its loss there being 13 men, 30 horses, and 1 gun dismounted. It fell back with the army into Chattanooga and was thereafter engaged in the battle of Missionary ridge. At the close of this campaign it reenlisted, was furloughed home, and in March, 1864, again reported for duty. It started with the army on the Atlanta campaign, and was engaged in the battles of Resaca, Cassville, Peachtree creek and siege of Atlanta, losing in this campaign 20 men killed and wounded. In November it started with Sherman's army on the Savannah campaign, and encamped in the city of Savannah on December 22. In January, 1865 it started on the campaign through the Carolinas and was engaged at Averasboro and Bentonville. Battery D was mustered into the U. S. service October 17, 1861, with an aggregate of 150 men. It reported to Brigadier-Gen William Nelson at Mount Sterling, Kentucky. In September, 1862, at Munfordville, it was so unfortunate as to be overwhelmed by the enemy and its entire force and material were captured. The men were paroled and sent home to Ohio, where they remained until exchanged, in January, 1863. It was then engaged throughout the entire siege of Knoxville, and immediately after the siege was raised the battery reenlisted, the men being sent to Ohio on 30 days' veteran furlough. When the march on Atlanta commenced it moved with Sherman's forces and was in all the engagements of that arduous and eventful campaign. It was engaged in the battles of Franklin and Nashville and after the army of Hood was driven across the Tennessee river the battery returned to Nashville and was sent with the 23d corps to Wilmington, N. C Battery E was mustered into service October 7, 1861, and in December following joined the old 3d division, then under command of General O. M. Mitchel, at Bacon Creek, Kentucky. It was engaged in nearly all the exploits of that officer through Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama. In November, 1862, it had a severe artillery duel with Captain Morgan's 1st Louisiana battery at La Vergne, Tennessee, and drove the enemy from his works. It silenced Robison's Texas battery on the left wing of Bragg^ army and repulsed repeated charges of infantry and cavalry at Stone's river on Dec 30, but on the morning of the 31st the battery was overwhelmed in an exposed position on the extreme right of McCook's wing, and after a brief though stubborn resistance was captured. It had 3 men killed, 20 wounded and 25 taken prisoners. At the battle of Missionary ridge it held an important point, and in the decisive battle of Nashville it acted with conspicuous gallantry. Battery F was mustered into service on December 2, 1861, and the next day was ordered to Louisville, where it was added to General Nelson's command. It moved on to Corinth, where during the siege it made its maiden effort of throwing shells at the enemy. Falling back toward Louisville, it was attached to Hazen's brigade, then proceeded to Perryville, where it participated in the fight without the loss of a man. It then moved on to Wild Cat mountain, and thence to Pitman's cross-roads, skirmishing with the enemy all the way. It participated in the battle of Stone's river, losing 2 men killed and 12 wounded. It was in the thickest of the battle at Chickamauga, losing 1 killed and 10 wounded. Battery G was mustered into service on December 17, 1861, and soon thereafter became a part of the forces in Tennessee. It was the only volunteer battery of Buell's army engaged in the battle of Shiloh and the official records of commanding officers show that it did good service. It served with General Crittenden's division through the siege of Corinth, during which it was ordered into the artillery reserve and moved for Athens,  Alabama. In September it reported to General Negley, commanding 8th division, Army of the Cumberland, and moved into camp on the Franklin pike, 2 miles from the city, taking part during the blockade. It took part in the engagement at Stone's river; was active in skirmishing while lying at Murfreesboro and on the march to Tullahoma; took part in the engagement at Dug gap, covering the rear in retiring. It was also engaged at Chickamauga, whence it fell back with the army to Chattanooga, taking position on the Rossville road, where it was continually under fire until after the battle of Missionary ridge. In October, 1864, it received orders to report to the chief of artillery of the 4th army corps, at Pulaski, Tennessee, where for some two weeks it was employed in building fortifications. It checked Hood's advance into Franklin, covered the retreat of the Federal column moving out, and reached Nashville on the night of December 1, the loss of the battery in killed and wounded at the battle of Franklin being 23. It also took part in the battle of Nashville. Battery H was mustered into service on November 7, 1861, and in January, 1862, proceeded by river to Parkersburg, West Virginia, thence on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad to Patterson's creek. It was at Winchester in March, where on the 22nd it engaged the enemy and performed in a very creditable manner. It was engaged in the battle of Port Republic and, although it left 3 guns upon the battle-field to fall into the hands of the enemy, General Shields complimented the battery on its gallantry and efficient service. It marched with the army back to Fredericksburg and took part in the bombardment of that place by General Burnside's army, throwing nearly 1,000 shells into the town. It participated in the battle of Chancellorsville, where, assisted by the nth and 4th N. Y., the men stood to the guns at a critical moment and without doubt saved the Federal army from destruction. In June the battery was placed in the artillery reserve of the Army of the Potomac and acted with it during the remainder of the war. Battery I was mustered into service on December 3, 1861, and in January left for West Virginia. In April it moved over Cheat mountain to Monterey and took part in the battle of Dinwiddie's gap. It was then taken to McDowell and aided in the fighting near that place, losing 1 man killed. It took part in the battle of Cedar mountain, and upon reaching Freeman's ford on the Rappahannock was again engaged. It then moved with General Pope's forces and took part in the second Bull Run battle, losing 12 men killed and wounded and 22 horses. It took part in the bombardment of Fredericksburg and then falling back with the army went into winter quarters at Brooks' station. On the opening of the spring campaign of 1863, the battery joined General Hooker's army and took part in the battle of Chancellorsville, losing 5 men killed, 6 wounded, 1 gun and 16 horses. In the battle of Gettysburg it had 4 men killed and 15 wounded, and lost nearly all of its horses. In October, 1863, it was transferred with the nth and 12th corps, General Hooker commanding, to the Army of the Cumberland at Chattanooga, and Lookout valley was the scene of its first engagement in the west. It was also engaged at Missionary ridge and was then sent with General Sherman's forces to the relief of Knoxville. Returning, it went into camp at Chattanooga and early in the spring of 1864 joined in the Atlanta campaign. It was engaged with the enemy in almost every battle of that campaign and its losses summed up 40 men killed and wounded. Battery K was mustered into service from September 1 to December 28, 1861. In February it joined General Schenck's command at Cumberland, Maryland, and moved with it to Romney, Virginia. After remaining in camp some days it marched to Petersburg and Bull Pasture mountain, and took part in the battle of McDowell. From McDowell it went to Franklin, thence to Strasburg, Cross Keys and Port Republic, taking part in the battle of Cross Keys. It was at Cedar mountain and other affairs in which General Pope's forces were engaged, including the second Bull Run battle. The next battle in which it was engaged was that of Chancellorsville, where it shared in the vicissitudes and mistakes of that strange engagement. In the battle of Gettysburg it was so closely engaged as to lose 5 men killed and 27 wounded. In October it was taken with the nth and 12th corps to Chattanooga, Tennessee, to aid in raising the siege of that place, and was engaged in the night fight at Wauhatchie valley, in which the Confederates were badly defeated. It was also engaged at Lookout mountain and Missionary ridge. Battery L was mustered into service from October 8, 1861, to January 20, 1862, and joined General Lander's command at Patterson's creek, West Virginia, arriving at that point on January 27, 1863. It was in several positions during the battle of Winchester on March 23, the last one being on the right wing, which the Confederates attempted to turn, but failing to do so took shelter behind a stone wall, when a few solid shot from the battery and a simultaneous charge of infantry closed the battle, the battery losing in that engagement 1 man killed and several wounded. In performance of further duty the battery crossed Massanutten mountain and in May was engaged at Front Royal, one section firing repeated rounds at the enemy. One piece of artillery was lost by the battery at Port Republic and then, after a few months' respite, it was ordered to the front again in August and took part in the battle of Chantilly. It marched with General McClellan's forces on the Antietam campaign, and in December crossed the Rappahannock into the city of Fredericksburg, remaining in its streets under fire until the morning of the 16th, when it recrossed the river. It became actively engaged on the morning of May 3, 1863, at Chancellorsville and continued until the end of the engagement. At Gettysburg it took position on the right hand slope and foot of "Little Round Top," where it became warmly engaged with Longstreet's corps, which was making desperate efforts to turn the left. So close was the work here that the guns were double-shotted with canister and worked so rapidly that the men could not lay hands upon them. It afterward marched to Culpeper Court House, and in October entered with the army on the celebrated race between Gens. Meade and Lee for Manassas Junction just missing the fight at Bristoe Station. It thereafter followed the fortunes of the army and took part in the battle at Rappahannock ford. In November the battery crossed the Rapidan at Gold Mine ford and became warmly engaged at Mine run, where it lost 1 man and several horses killed and a number of men wounded. After the fight at Fort Stevens, in July, 1864, the battery was attached to Dwight's division, 19th corps, with which it marched into Maryland, then back to Virginia, and participated in the Snicker's ferry fight. In September it reported to General Sheridan at Summit Point, Virginia, and moved with his army up the Shenandoah Valley, taking part in the battles of Winchester and Fisher's hill. The battery had twelve different positions during the fight at Cedar creek and behaved handsomely, firing the first and last artillery shot in the battle. It covered the retreat and led in the advance, having 1 man killed and 12 wounded, some very severely by shell. During its term of service the battery lost 7 men killed, 50 wounded and 15 taken prisoners. Battery M was mustered into service December 3, 1861, and in January with Battery F, it proceeded to Louisville, Kentucky, and reported to Major-General Buell. who was at that time organizing the Army of the Ohio. It moved with the army to Nashville and was there attached to the artillery reserve, Colonel Barnett commanding, with which it operated during the march to and the battle of Shiloh. It also took an active part in all the movements before Corinth and after the evacuation of that place by the Confederates moved to Huntsville and Stevenson, Alabama. It greatly distinguished itself in the engagement at Stone's river and when Rosecrans' army moved from Murfreesboro toward Tullahoma and Chattanooga the battery accompanied it and took part in all the skirmishes of that march. It also fought through the battle of Chickamauga and the subsequent victory of Missionary ridge. In the spring of 1864 it was assigned to the command of Major-General D. S. Stanley, and in July was placed in the trenches before Atlanta, where it remained until the flanking movement against Jonesboro. From that time to the

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Ohio Regiments 471 battle of Jonesboro the battery was attached to the 1st division, 4th corps, and took part in all its marches and skirmishes. Pushing on with the army from Jonesboro to Lovejoy’s Station, the battery took part in the hot work at the last-named place. Battery M was consolidated with Battery I March 13, 1865. The regimental organization was mustered out by batteries at different dates, from June 15, to July 31, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

First Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, James R. McMullin, George P. Kirtland; First Lieuts., George L. Crome, Robert C. Smith, Isaac C. Fair, Charles H. Fee, Dennis J. Ryan; Second Lieuts., George H. McClung, John R. Hooker, John M. McCleary. This battery was mustered into service on August 6, 1861, at Camp Chase, by Howard Stansberry, U. S. army mustering officer, to serve for three years. Its first service was in western Virginia, with General Cox, on the Kanawha and Gauley rivers. Then it was transferred to the column under General Rosecrans' personal command and performed valuable service at Carnifix ferry. Remaining in West Virginia, it served with the Kanawha brigade and with it was temporarily transferred to the Army of the Potomac to assist in the battles of South mountain and Antietam. It continued to serve in West Virginia until June, 1864, when it moved with the Federal forces under General Hunter and met the enemy at Lexington, where a brisk fight ensued, in which the battery took a prominent part, shelling the enemy vigorously and being very efficient in dislodging the Confederate sharpshooters from the observatory of the Lexington military institute. The battery lost but 1 man killed in this affair. It participated in the disastrous retreat from Lynchburg. From Parkersburg it marched in July with General Averell's brigade toward Winchester and at Stephenson's depot, 4 miles out of Winchester, had an engagement with General Ramseur's Confederate division, defeating it and taking 150 prisoners and 4 pieces of artillery. Four days later it participated in the battle of Winchester and was included in the subsequent retreat. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until June 26, 1865, when it was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio.

Second Independent Battery.—(Two Months' Service.) Captain, Samuel M. Espy; First Lieuts., James Tripp, James H. Bradford; Second Lieuts., George H. Darling, William A. S. Beasley. This battery was mustered in at Camp Cleveland, by Lieutenant P. W. Horrigan of the 2nd U. S. cavalry, for two months, to date from October 17, 1864, and was mustered out on December 19, 1864, at the same place by Lieutenant Horrigan. It was engaged during its whole term of service guarding Confederate prisoners at Johnson's island.

Second Independent Battery Light Artillery.—(Three Years' Service.) Captains, Thomas J. Carlin, William B. Chapman, Newton J. Smith, Augustus Beach; First Lieuts., Conrad Gansevoort, Orlando L. Huston, Harvey B. Guthrie, William H. Harper, Samuel S. Eaton; Second Lieuts., Isaac W. Wheaton, Homer A. Andrews, Thaddeus S. Young. This battery was mustered into service on August 7, 1861, at Camp Chase, to serve for three years. It started on the 15th, under orders to report to Major-General Fremont at St. Louis, Missouri. It spent the following winter at Rolla and in .the spring marched against Price's Confederate army, following up to Pea Ridge, where the battery was closely engaged, losing 1 man killed and 12 wounded. It also lost 7 horses killed, and a caisson, but in turn captured a caisson from the enemy, and though closely pressed drew from off the field all of its pieces in safety. In the spring of 1863 it joined Grant's army, then operating in the rear of Vicksburg, took part in the battles of Port Gibson, Raymond, and Champion's hill, and was on duty until the surrender of Vicksburg. The battery was then ordered to report to General Banks, commanding the Department of the Gulf, at New Orleans, and accompanied the disastrous expedition up Red river. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until August 10, 1865, when it was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio.

Third Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, William S. Williams, John Sullivan; First Lieuts., William J. Mong, Francis J. Meyers, George Sefert, Thomas Bowen; Second Lieuts., William Watson, Stephen Keith, Thomas J. Blackburn, Charles H. Bartalott, Franklin White. This battery was mustered into service at Minerva, Canton and Massillon, from November 9, 1861, to March 15, 1862, by Captain A. B. Dodd, 15th U. S. infantry, to serve for three years. It consisted of 6 guns and 161 men and reached the field in time to participate in the second day's fighting at Shiloh. Following with the army, it took part in the siege and capture of Corinth, where it remained and participated in the battles of Corinth and Iuka, under General Rosecrans. In the battle of Corinth it lost 1 man killed and a number wounded. On the march to Vicksburg it took part in the battles of Raymond, Jackson and Champion's hill, and was in position in the rear of Vicksburg for 46 days, where it lost a number of men from wounds and exposure. It accompanied General Sherman on the Meridian expedition and had a heavy artillery fight at Clinton, Mississippi, losing 2 men killed and several wounded. At Meridian it lost 2 men captured, who subsequently died in the prison pen at Andersonville. In the spring of 1864 it joined Sherman's army in the Atlanta campaign and operated with it at Kennesaw mountain and Nickajack creek. It also participated in the siege of Atlanta and was engaged in the fight at Jonesboro. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in the service until July 31, 1865, when it was mustered out at Camp Cleveland, Ohio, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Fourth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Louis Hoffman, George Froehlich; First Lieuts., Louis Piderit, Louis Zimmerer; Second Lieuts., Max Frank, George H. Haug, George Hust. This battery was mustered into service on August 17, 1861, at Cincinnati, by Captain J. D. O'Connell, 14th U. S. infantry, to serve for three years. It left Cincinnati under orders the following day and reported at St . Louis, Missouri, on August 21. Its first encounter with the enemy was at Bentonville, Arkansas, in March, 1862, where it performed its duty so efficiently as to compel the enemy to abandon his design. During the terrible fight at Pea Ridge the battery was in an exposed position and received the fire of all the enemy's batteries, losing 4 men and 1 caisson by capture, 3 men wounded, and 1 horse killed. In November it was taken from Helena to Camp Steele, Mississippi, and remained there until December 19, when it joined General Sherman's expedition against Vicksburg and took a prominent part in the assault on the enemy's works at Chickasaw bluffs. The battery was also engaged in the attack on and capture of Arkansas Post, where it occupied a very exposed position and had 1 of its guns disabled by a solid shot from 1 of the enemy's siege guns. It was also very efficient in the siege of Vicksburg and remained in its position until the surrender of that place. Then it took position before Jackson, Mississippi, 850 yards from the enemy's rifle-pits, and fired 451 rounds at the doomed place. In November the division to which the battery belonged was ordered to join General Hooker in his operations against Lookout mountain and in that affair performed efficient service. In the fight at Resaca in May, 1864, 2 men were wounded, 1 of them mortally. At Dallas the enemy made a desperate charge, coming within 50 yards of the battery and within 15 yards of the Federal rifle-pits, but the battery repulsed the Confederates with heavy loss. In June it was at New Hope Church, where during the night it fired 136 rounds. Passing through Acworth and over Lost mountain it took position before Kennesaw mountain and for some days bombarded the enemy's works. At Decatur, after the guns of an Illinois battery had fallen into the hands of the enemy, the 4th Ohio battery changed position, killed the horses of the battery captured by the Confederates, compelling the latter to abandon the guns of the Illinois battery and fall back in disorder, leaving many of their number dead upon the field. During the memorable battle on July 28, near Atlanta, in which the Confederate army made a charge in mass, the battery was for some time in a critical position, but by determined fighting was extricated without loss. Fighting was continued up to August 12, the battery being under fire for the most part of the time. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in the service until March 29, 1865, when it was consolidated with the 10th independent Ohio battery.

Fifth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Andrew Hickenlooper, Theophilus Kates; First Lieuts., John H. Holenshade, Anthony B. Burton, Lewis C. Sawyer, Bellamy S. Matson, John D. Burner, Charles J. Marsh, J. Henry Stegeman, Walter J. Trotter; Second Lieuts., Julius F. Blackburn, William L. Broadwell, Ozro L Edwards, Alexander Temple. This battery was mustered into service from August 31 to September 20, 1861, at Cincinnati, by Captain Wilson, to serve for three years. It was filled to a maximum of 170 men, who were forwarded to St . Louis as fast as enlisted. It was actively engaged through the entire first day of the battle of Shiloh and lost in this, its first battle, 1 man killed and 20 wounded, 2 pieces, 4 caissons, 65 horses, and all camp and garrison equipage. About the middle of September the battery marched with its division to Iuka, but was not in position to take part in the action. It was actively engaged in the battle of Corinth, but suffered no loss. During the siege of Vicksburg the battery was constantly on duty, the position it held being on a prominent hill rather in advance of the general line and the view was uninterrupted for several miles to the right. About 3,000 rounds of ammunition were fired by the battery during the siege and a number of the men were wounded more or less severely but none were killed outright . In the movement that followed against Jackson the battery lost 1 killed and 8 wounded, being posted on an eminence from which it kept up a steady fire for some time. It then took part in the movement against Little Rock, Ark The battery was mustered out July 31. 1865.

Sixth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Cullen Bradley, Aaron P. Baldwin; First Lieuts., Oliver H. P. Ayres, James P. McEIroy, George W. James, Eleazer H. Neal, Joel Hersh, Adam P. Galloway; Second Lieuts., Edwin S. Ferguson, George W. Smetts, George R. Wright, Lemuel Krisher. This battery was mustered into service on December 10, 1861, at Camp Buckingham, Mansfield, by Major John L. Edie, 18th U. S. infantry, to serve for three years. Five days later it moved under orders to Louisville, Kentucky, and thence by steamer to Nashville, Tennessee, reporting to General Buell. Returning to Kentucky in January, a section of the battery was engaged in the battle of Mill Springs. The battery did yeoman service in each day's fighting at Stone's river and during the two days' battle at Chickamauga expended 383 rounds of ammunition, lost 2 caissons, a battery-wagon, and had 2 horses killed. In December two thirds of the battery reenlisted as veterans and after the 30-day furlough rejoined the army. In the Atlanta campaign it operated with General Wood's 3d division, 4th corps, and was almost constantly engaged during that brilliant march. It maintained its position before Kennesaw mountain and was highly complimented by General O. O. Howard for accurate firing. During a charge it expended 250 rounds of ammunition. From July 13 to 25 it was busily engaged in bombarding the city of Atlanta; it formed a part of the great flanking movement to Jonesboro; took part in all the subsequent operations; was at Lovejoy's Station, and then made its entry into the city of Atlanta, where it was reequipped for the field. Pursuing Hood into Tennessee, the enemy attacked the wagon-train near Franklin, but was quickly repulsed by the battery, which was complimented on the spot by General Wood. On the second day of the battle of Nashville the battery went into position in front of Overton's hill, 8 miles from the city on the Franklin pike, and engaged Sanford's Mississippi Confederate battery, completely silencing its guns and exploding 2 of its limber-chests. During its service it lost 16 by death from wounds; 26 by disease; 30 discharged by reason of disease; 4 on account of wounds; 21 by expiration of service; and 66 reenlisted as veterans. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until September 1, 1865, when it was mustered out, at Camp Chase, Ohio, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Seventh Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Silas A. Burnap, Harlow P. McNaughton; First Lieuts., David R. Jacobs, Theodore F. Carson, Ellis Conant, Royal Church, Columbia Downing, Henry Dorst; Second Lieuts., Obadiah F. Walker, John Brechtel, Harrison Stebbins. This battery was mustered into service on January 13, i852, at Hebron, Mississippi, to date from January 1, by C. W. G. Hyde, first lieutenant 53d 11l. infantry, to serve for three years. It was first taken to St. Louis with orders to report to General Halleck. In April the advance on Corinth Mississippi, was commenced and the battery moved with the army until the evacuation of that place. In October it marched with its division to the relief of Corinth, then heavily pressed by the enemy, and on this march the Confederates were met in superior force at the Big Hatchie river and routed. In this affair a Confederate battery was captured and in consideration of the gallantry of the 7th Ohio it was presented by General Hurlbut with 2 of the captured guns. It served throughout the entire siege of Vicksburg and was present at the subsequent capture of Jackson. In January, 1864, it accompanied General Sherman on his raid to Meridian and had several sharp encounters with the enemy, the principal one at Baker's creek. In May it had a fight with the enemy at Benton, dismounting 2 of his guns and disabling a third. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until 'Au!?. 11, 1865, when it was mustered out at Camp Dennison, Ohio, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Eighth Independent Battery.—(Two Months' Service.) Captains, Frederick W. Pelton. Charles H. Babcock; First Lieutenant, Frederick C. Gruninger; Second Lieutenant, Henry Fish. This battery was mustered in at Johnson's island, by Dem. W. Brooks, first lieutenant of the 2nd U. S. infantry, for two months, to date from August 15, 1864, and was mustered out on October 17, 1864, at Johnson's island, by Lieutenant Brooks. It was engaged during its whole term of service guarding Confederate prisoners at Johnson's island.

Eighth Independent Battery.—(Four Months' Service.) Second Lieutenant, Henry Fish. This battery was mustered in at Cleveland, by Lieutenant Colonel Anderson for four months, to date December 19, 1864, and was mustered out on April 19, T865, at the same place by the same mustering officer. It was engaged during its whole term of service in guarding Confederate prisoners at Johnson's island.

Eighth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—(Three Years' Service.) Captains, Louis Markgraf, Charles H. Schmidt, James F. Putnam; First Lieuts., Jacob Heitzman, Emil Smith, Amos H. Worley, Jeremiah Cain; Second Lieuts., Adolph Schmidt, Jacob M. Porter, Francis M. Coover, Thomas Lewis. This battery was mustered into service on March 11, 1862, at Camp Dennison, by Captain P. H. Breslin, 18th U. S. infantry, to serve for three years. It moved under orders to Benton barracks, near St. Louis, Missouri, and on its arrival there reported to General Halleck, commanding at that post. On both days of the battle of Shiloh it fought with General Sherman's division and was on several occasions, in close contest with the enemy, especially in the charge made by the Confederates in mass on Sunday evening, when it was within a few paces of their advanced line. Its loss in this battle was 1 killed and 3 wounded. In the advance on Corinth it moved with Lew Wallace's division. In December it started with General Sherman's command for Vicksburg and took part in the disastrous repulse of the Federal forces at Chickasaw bluffs. It then joined the expedition against Arkansas Post and took a prominent part in that successful affair. In the campaign against Vicksburg it participated in the battles of Raymond and Champion's hill, and for its service received the special thanks of Generals Grant and Sherman. After the surrender it was sent to Jackson, Mississippi, to help look after the Confederate forces under Johnston, and after that matter was settled it returned to Vicksburg. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out, and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until August 7, 1865, when it was mustered out.

Ninth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Henry S. Wetmore, Harrison B. York; First Lieuts., Leonard P. Barrows, John M. Hinde, Henry A. Tallmadge, George S. Hazen, George J. Randell, Frank Keeny, William W. James, George W. Church; Second Lieuts., Edward Cowles, Albert Reeves, Hiram D. York. This battery was mustered into service on October 11, 1861, at Camp Wood, Cleveland, by First Lieutenant James P. W. Neill, 18th U. S. infantry, to serve for three years. Its strength was 3 commissioned officers and 80 men and it arrived at Camp Gilbert, Kentucky, December 20. It took part in the battle of Mill Springs and by order of General George H. Thomas was posted on a hill commanding the ferry on the Cumberland river, over which the troops of the enemy were being transported with all possible despatch. A few well directed shots, at a distance of nearly 2 miles, set the steam ferry-boat on fire and compelled an immediate surrender of the Confederate works. For its gallant services General Thomas gave 2 of the captured 6-pounder bronze guns to the battery, fitted out with captured horses and harness. At Cumberland gap in March the battery was under fire for 7 hours, but fortunately without casualty. In June it again took part in the movements against the enemy, which resulted in the capture of Cumberland gap by the U. S. forces. The battery also participated in the disastrous engagement at Richmond. Being transferred to Tennessee, it was at Franklin in April, where in company with a brigade of infantry it had a brisk skirmish with the enemy, pursuing him for 4 miles and returning to camp at midnight. In June the enemv made a sudden demonstration in force at Triune, but was repulsed with some loss on both sides. Having reenlisted as veterans the men were furloughed home and recruited their ranks, so that in April, 1864, the battery reported at Tullahoma, Tennessee, with an aggregate of 151 men and 5 commissioned officers, only 3 being absent. In the early part of May it started with General Sherman's forces on the Atlanta campaign and fought throughout that remarkable march. It also followed that general in his march to the sea. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until July 25, 1865, when it was mustered out in accordance with orders from the war department.

Tenth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Hamilton B. White, Francis Seaman, John R. Crain; First Lieuts, William F. Bradwell, Ambrose A. Blount, Edward Grosskopff, William L. Newcomb, Joseph B. Gage, James Gilmore; Second Lieuts., George Kleder, Lanson Zane, Samuel A. Galbreath, Joseph C. Bontecou. This battery was mustered into service on March 3, 1862, at Camp Dennison, to serve for three years. It was rapidly armed and equipped and was ordered to St. Louis, Missouri. From there it was moved to Mississippi and in the battle of Corinth in October was particularly conspicuous. The year that followed was devoted to marching, countermarching, guard duty, etc., and then, the members having reenlisted as veterans, a furlough home was given them. With ranks recruited the battery returned to the front and in June, 1864, joined Sherman's army at Acworth, Georgia. It took position at the front and with the exception of July 4 was engaged every day for a month, most of the time in front of Kennesaw mountain, but most severely at Nickajack creek. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until July 17, 1865, when it was mustered out at Camp Dennison, Ohio.

Eleventh Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Archibald G. A. Constable, Frank C. Sands, Fletcher E. Armstrong; First Lieuts., Henry M. Neil, Cyrus Sears, William M. Wynne; Second Lieuts., William D. Linn, David A. Southworth, William K. Perrine, Amos B. Alger, William Bush, Milon D. Whaley, John A. McArthy. This battery was mustered into service October 27, 1861, at St . Louis arsenal, Missouri, by Lieut George B. Sanford, 1st U. S. cavalry, to serve for three years, aggregating 151 men, rank and file. Its first actual service was with the New Madrid expedition, from which it brought in 2 Confederate 6-pounder guns as trophies of its success, and then it remained in camp until April 12, improving the time by drilling in field maneuvers. During the siege, and in the battles and skirmishes resulting in the evacuation of Corinth, the battery bore its full share. In September it went into action at Iuka, 102 strong, and during the engagement was charged three different times, suffering a loss of 2 officers and 55 men killed or wounded, 18 being killed on the field and others dying afterward. Not a man flinched and numbers were killed or wounded after the Confederates had passed the muzzles of the guns, some of them nobly dying in the attempt to spike their pieces. But, severely as the battery suffered in this engagement in the loss of men and equipments, it was in a short time again ready for the field and took a prominent part in the battle of Corinth, nobly maintaining its reputation for efficiency and gallantry and suffering a loss of s men wounded during the action. During the siege of Vicksburg it was held in reserve and participated in several expeditions to the rear, fighting as occasion required. On the day of the capitulation it was camped at Snyder's bluff on the Yazoo river. The battery was mustered out on November 5, 1864.

Twelfth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Aaron C. Johnson, Frank Jackson, Alfred Noecker; First Lieuts., Darius Dirlam, Archibald McClellan, William B. Fleming, Ami P. Fairbanks, Albert A. Powers, John B. Ward, William W. Banning, Myron Webber, Alphonso E. Gregory, Madison M. Moore,, Joseph Billings, Oregon F. Morgan; Second Lieuts., Anderson Blue, Calvin A. Day, Henry C. Kilburn. This battery, formerly Co. D, 25th Ohio infantry, was organized at Camp Jackson, June 8, 1861, to serve for three years. It was permanently detached as a battery on March 17, 1862, and immediately joined General Milroy at McDowell, West Virginia. In the battle at that place the members of the battery performed their first service as artillerymen, and performed it so well that the battery was specially mentioned for efficiency. At the battle of Cross Keys it was for 6 hours under continuous fire and discharged 600 shots from 5 guns, 1 being disabled early in the engagement. In this affair the battery received special notice from Gens. Fremont and Milroy. It took the advance at the second Bull Run and fought all of the first day and the next afternoon, with a loss of 9 men killed and wounded. It passed the winter of 1862-63 at Fredericksburg, was on the defenses of Washington during the following summer, and the winter of 1863-64 was spent in Nashville. In the spring it was sent to Murfreesboro and while there took an active part in the various engagements around the place, connected with the Confederate General Hood's reckless advance on Nashville, also fighting at Franklin and Nashville. The battery was finally mustered out on July 10, 1865.

Thirteenth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captain, John B. Myers; First Lieuts., John R. Brown, Ezra Bennett; Second Lieuts., Edmund B. Lowe, Levi M. Willits. This battery was mustered into service about February 16, 1862. It was engaged at the battle of Shiloh, in which the captain of the battery reports 1 man killed, but the rolls on file in the office of the adjutant-general of Ohio, and in the office of the adjutant-general, U. S. army, fail to show that any member of this battery was killed. On April 20, 1862, the members of this battery were consolidated with the 7th, 10th and 14th independent batteries.

Fourteenth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Jerome B. Burrows, Seth M. Laird, William C. Myers; First Lieuts., Edward Spear, Jr., Homer H. Stull, William H. Smith, Hamilton H. Burrows, Ezra Bennett, Irwin C. Childs, Thomas Jeffrey; Second Lieuts., Walter B. King, Allen L. Callendar, George Hurlbut, John W. Francis. This battery was mustered into service on September 10, 1861, at Camp Wade, Cleveland, to serve for three years. In its ranks were 249 men and 10 commissioned officers, and in February it arrived in St. Louis, Missouri. It participated during the first day of the battle of Shiloh with a loss of 4 men killed, 26 wounded, 50 horses killed and wounded, and all the guns left on the field. On the next day the guns were recovered without damage. The battery remained in the same division and participated in the advance on Corinth. It performed garrison duty mainly during the succeeding year and a half, then reenlisted and was mustered into service as a veteran organization. After the 30-days' furlough had expired it was again in the field and in the battle of Resaca, Georgia, operated effectively, silencing and driving from position a formidable battery, with which the enemy was successfully annoying the Federal forces. In this battle the battery expended 342 rounds of ammunition without casualties. It was engaged in shelling the enemy's works at Dallas from May 28 to 30, and it also took an active part in repelling the attack of the enemy on the Federal lines on the evening of the 28th. In this affair 113 rounds of ammunition were expended. On the evening of June 19 the battery took a position before Kennesaw mountain and was constantly under fire from that date to July 2. It succeeded in silencing the enemy's guns on its front after expending 1,346 rounds and losing 2 men wounded. During the two days' fight on the Chattahoochee river 99 rounds were fired, and though much exposed no casualties occurred. During the latter part of the siege of Atlanta the battery was located within 1,300 yards of the enemy’s heavy guns, behind casemated works, and from this position it fired with great accuracy of aim, throwing shells through the embrasures of the enemy and cutting off the timbers forming the covering of their casemates. Eight men of the battery were wounded, 2 horses killed and 4 wounded, in those 28 days of almost continuous tiring, and 2,642 rounds were expended by the battery. During the campaign commencing May 1 and ending September 1, the battery marched over 400 miles, expended in all 5,832 rounds of ammunition, had 3 men killed and 18 wounded, and 2 horses killed and 15 wounded. On the first day of the battle of Nashville the battery was in reserve in the third line of battle, but on the second it advanced to the front and occupied a position on the right of the Hillsboro pike, 7 miles south of Nashville, where one section drove a Confederate battery from position. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until August 9, 1865, when it was mustered out at Camp Dennison, Ohio, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Fifteenth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Edward Spear, James Burdick; First Lieuts., Adrian A. Burrows, Edwin F. Reeve, Charles N. Moore, Lyman Bailey; Second Lieuts., William H. H. Crowell, George R. Caspar, Stiles E. Sturges. This battery was mustered into service on February 1, 1862, at Camp Dennison, to serve for three years. It was immediately ordered to Cincinnati, where it embarked under orders for Fort Leavenworth, Kan., but on reaching Paducah, Kentucky, disembarked in obedience to an order from General W. T. Sherman. It then reported to General Grant at Pittsburg Landing and was assigned to the 4th division, Army of the Tennessee, and went through the slow approach to and siege of Corinth. In October it took part in the battle of Metamora, an affair in which there was some very hard fighting at close range, though the battery lost but 2 men wounded. In the following April it participated in the engagement at Coldwater, Mississippi, and in this affair, which „ lasted for 5 hours, it lost 1 man killed instantly, 1 mortally wounded, 2 slightly wounded and 7 horses killed and wounded. It was on the front line during the siege of Vicksburg, having position on the Hall's Ferry road, to the southeast of the city, though its last position was within 200 yards of the enemy's works, enfilading several hundred yards of their line, from which they were compelled to retire. The battery lost a number of men disabled during the siege, but none were killed, and it expended 2,301 rounds of ammunition. In the battle of Jackson, when the fortifications were attacked, the battery was stationed on the extreme right of the Federal line, south of the city, had two men wounded, and expended 223 rounds of ammunition. In the Meridian expedition it operated at Meridian, Enterprise and Quitman, and destroyed all public property and railroads from Quitman to the Pearl river, as also everything that could be used by the enemy, excepting those articles that could be appropriated to the use and comfort of the Federal forces. Having veteranized, the members of the battery were furloughed home and upon their return to duty the battery joined the army of General Sherman, operating in northern Georgia. It engaged in the battles about Kennesaw mountain, and it is claimed that its guns killed General Polk, of the Confederate army, though this credit is given by General Stanley to the 5th Ind. battery. It was at the capture of the Augusta railroad and participated in the bloody engagement of July 22 on the Federal left, where the gallant and lamented McPherson gave his life for his country. It was the only battery engaged on the Federal side on July 28; was in Sherman's flank movement to the rear of Atlanta, and in the battles of Jonesboro and Lovejoy's Station. It participated in the siege of Savannah, accompanied the army to Goldsboro. N. C. by way of Columbia, S. C., and was present at the surrender of General Johnston and his Confederate army to General Sherman. The organization, composed of veterans and recruits, remained in service until June 20, 1865, when it was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio.

Sixteenth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, James A. Mitchell, Russell P. Twist; First Lieuts., George Murdock, Isaac N. Mitchell, Edward H. Funston; Second Lieuts., Daniel Dawson, Cornelius S. Chancellor. This battery was mustered into service on September 5, 1861, at Cincinnati, to serve for three years. It immediately embarked for St. Louis, where it remained the greater part of the following winter. In the spring it was ordered to Arkansas and during the summer and fall experienced some hard marches in that state. It participated in two expeditions up White river, which resulted in the capture of Des Arc and Devall's Bluff, with some heavy pieces of artillery, many small arms and 800 prisoners. Leaving Helena, Arkansas, it joined General Grant's expedition for the capture of Vicksburg, participating in the battles of Port Gibson, Fourteen-mile creek, and Champion's hill. At the last named place the battery was brought into the thickest of the fight and suffered much. At Vicksburg it moved to within 400 yards of the main line of the enemy's works, in order to cover a charge, occupying, according to the statement of General Grant, "the most conspicuous position on the line, of which it made good use from day to day and from night to night." It lost a few men in killed and wounded. On July 5 it was ordered to march for' Jackson, where the enemy was routed and the city captured. In that campaign the battery expended over 50 tons of ammunition. On the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out, and the organization composed of veterans and recruits was retained in service until August 2, 1865, when it was mustered out at Camp Chase, Ohio, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Seventeenth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Ambrose A. Blount, Charles S. Rice; First Lieuts., George A. Ege, William Hunt, Jr., Absalom H. Mattox; Second Lieuts., Jeremiah Yeazel, William C. Howard, Abner Tuttle, Frank H. Houghton, Saul R. Strayer. This battery was mustered into service on August 21, 1862, at Dayton, to serve for three years. It entered the field in September, taking a position in the rear of Covington, Kentucky, near Fort Wallace, to assist in repelling an expected attack from the Confederates under General Kirby Smith. It was sent to Memphis in December and along with the forces of General Burbridge aided in the destruction of the O. & S. railroad, and was present at the five days' fight at Chickasaw bayou and bluffs. It marched with General McClernand's forces against Arkansas Post, and after the capture of that place encamped with the troops of the expedition at Young's point. In March the battery went into camp at Milliken's bend; in April moved with the 13th corps on the campaign against Vicksburg; was engaged in the battles of Port Gibson, Champion's hill, Black river, and was 47 days in the siege of Vicksburg. In the demonstration against Jackson immediately after the fall of Vicksburg the battery was again actively engaged and performed valuable service in the reduction and capture of that place. It followed General Burbridge on the Teche expedition in the fall of 1863, and was hotly engaged in the fight at Grand Coteau, Louisiana, in which more than half the brigade was killed, wounded and captured. The battery alone lost 25 men, 21 horses, 1 gun and 1 caisson. It remained at New Orleans until ordered to join the 16th corps in the spring of 1865 in the expedition against the city of Mobile. It was mustered out on August 16, 1865, at Camp Chase, Ohio. The battery entered the service with 156 men. and at its muster-out its rolls showed 158, there having been from time to time 284 names added to its rolls. It lost 40 or more by death.

Eighteenth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captain, Charles C. Aleshire; First Lieuts., William R. Morgan, Henry A. Regnier, Joseph McCafferty, Albert S. Bierce; Second Lieuts., Benjamin W. Rutherford, Casey Roseburgh, James W. Chestnut, James C. Patterson. This battery was mustered into service on September 13, 1862, at Camp Portsmouth, for three years. It first crossed the Ohio river and went into camp near Covington, Kentucky. It was later sent to Tennessee and participated in its first engagement at Thompson's station. In the battle at Franklin in April, 1863, the battery took a position on the right of Fort Granger, on a high bluff on the north side of the Harpeth river, and from this point opened a brisk fire on the enemy's line, which kept him from getting his batteries in position. It participated in the running fight at Guy's gap and Shelbyville, and in the ensuing battle of Chickamauga did good service. After the battle of Lookout mountain, in which it participated, the battery went into camp at Chattanooga, where it remained until December, when it was ordered to turn over its guns, horses and camp equipage, and proceed by railroad to Nashville, where it went into winter quarters and spent most of the time in drilling. The spring and summer were also spent in this camp and the following December occurred the battle of Nashville, in which the battery, having got into a position for an enfilading fire, did great execution with shell and solid shot. The battery was mustered out on June 29, 1865, at Camp Dennison, Ohio.

Nineteenth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Joseph C. Shields, Frank Wilson; First Lieuts., William Dustin, Charles B. Harris; Second Lieuts., Robertson Smith, John N. Estabrook, James W. Grimshaw. This battery was mustered into service on September 10, 1862, at Camp Cleveland, to serve for three years. It left in October for Covington, Kentucky, where it remained until July, 1863, during which time not a shot was fired, except in the way of practice. During the siege of Knoxville it occupied positions on the extreme right of the line, but was not engaged to any great extent excepting one section which was stationed at Fort Sanders, and did good execution without the loss of a man. The battery participated in the East Tennessee campaign of 1863-64 and shared all its hardships. In the spring of 1864 it joined General Sherman's forces and from Rocky Face ridge to Lovejoy's Station was engaged in all the fierce battles of the Atlanta campaign. It followed Hood into Tennessee and in December moved with General Thomas' army, taking part in the brilliant fights, the results of which were the utter defeat of the Confederate army and its precipitate retirement from before Nashville. The battery was mustered out on June 27, 1865, at Camp Cleveland, Ohio, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Twentieth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Louis Smithnight, John T. Edward Grosskopff, William Backus; First Lieuts., Francis O. Robbins, Henry Roth, Oscar W. Hancock, Charles F. Nitschelm, John S. Burdick, Harlan P. Josselyn, Henry Horn: Second Lieuts., Matthias Adams, William Neracher, Henry Hoehn. This battery was mustered into service on October 29, 1862, at Camp Cleveland, to serve for three years, numbering 156 officers and men. Under orders from headquarters it left in December to join the Army of the Cumberland, then at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, under command of General Rosecrans, and arrived at that place in February. The battery participated in the affair at Liberty gap and lost 1 man killed and 2 slightly wounded. Its next engagement was the battle of Chickamauga, in which it performed good service, losing 3 men wounded and 2 taken prisoners. The Federal army falling back on Chattanooga, the battery went into camp at that place, but on the inauguration of the Atlanta campaign it moved with General Sherman's forces and was in active service during the whole of that eventful and arduous march. It took part in the battle of Franklin, Tennessee, with a loss of 14 men killed and wounded, and was also engaged in the battle of Nashville, but without casualty. The battery was mustered out on July 13, 1865, at Camp Cleveland, Ohio, in accordance with orders from the war department, and on that day there were present 116 rank and file, only 71 of whom were original members of the battery.

Twenty-first Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, James W. Patterson, James H. Walley; First Lieuts., Harrison L. Holloway, William H. H. Smith; Second Lieuts., Morton J. Raymond, William D. Mann. This battery was mustered into service on April 29, 1863, at Camp Dennison, by Captain J. R. Paxton, of the 15th U. S. infantry, to serve for three years. On May 8 Captain J. W. Patterson, with 4 of the guns, was sent to West Virginia, and after a brief but arduous campaign was ordered back to Camp Dennison. On May 20 the battery was placed on board the gunboat Exchange, as guard to Vallandigham, who had been banished by the president to the Confederate States. It went as far as Louisville, Kentucky, and was then brought back to Camp Dennison. The battery was engaged in the pursuit of Morgan's raiders through Indiana and Ohio. On September 23, 1863, it started for Camp Nelson, Kentucky, and from there moved to Greeneville, Tennessee. It took part in the engagement at Walker's ford and continued on guard duty in Tennessee and Alabama until the end of the war. It was mustered out on July 21, 1865, at Camp Cleveland, Ohio, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Twenty-second Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Henry M. Neil, Amos B. Alger; First Lieuts., George W. Taylor, Peter Cornell, Harvey Burdell, Silas H. Towler; Second Lieuts., Jacob M. Sharp, William West. A section of this battery was organized April 1, 1863, and placed on duty at Wheeling, West Virginia, and in Holmes county, Ohio. This section was brought back to Camp Chase on June 19, 1863, the organization completed, and mustered into service on July 14, 1863, by Opt. J. L. Proctor of the 18th U. S. infantry, to serve for three years. The battery was sent to Parkersburg, West Virginia, and thence to Wheeling. From Wheeling it moved to Hancock, Maryland, in support of General Kelley, and then returned to Parkersburg, sending out detachments in pursuit of General Morgan, then on his raid through Indiana and Ohio. After the capture of Morgan the battery returned to Camp Chase. On August 12, 1863, it marched to Camp Nelson, Kentucky, and on September 1 marched toward Cumberland gap. It arrived in front of the gap on September 7, and took part in the operations which compelled its surrender. On January 3, 1864, a detachment under command of Lieutenant A. B. Alger, in company with a force of 350 cavalry, while on a reconnoissance at Jonesville, Virginia, was compelled to surrender after 12 hours' fighting, for want of ammunition. On February 14, 1864, Lieutenant George W. Taylor was murdered by a Confederate citizen, near Barboursville, Kentucky, and on June 21, 1864, Peter Cornell was killed by Confederate guerrillas, near Cumberland gap. On June 27, 1864, the battery was ordered to Knoxville, Tennessee, and on July 5, 1865, it was ordered to Camp Chase, Ohio, where it was mustered out on the 13th, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Twenty-third Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains, Seth J. Simmonds, Daniel W. Glassie; First Lieuts., Leonard Magness, Arthur Erenburgh, James W. Conine, Robert C. Steen, George Hattersley, James; M. Kerr; Second Lieuts., Hamilton B. White, Robert Johnston, Frederick A. Dame. This battery, formerly Co. E, 1st Kentucky infantry, and known also as the 1st independent Kentucky, or Simmonds' battery, was organized on May 10, 1861, at Camp Clay, Pendleton, Ohio, to serve for three months, but was reorganized and mustered into service June 3, 1861, at Camp Clay, Pendleton, to serve for three years. It is impossible, from the records on file in the office of the adjutant-general of Ohio, to give any of the movements or operations of this battery. It was mustered out on July 10, 1865, at Louisville, Kentucky, in accordance with orders from the war department. (See "1st Independent, or Simmonds' Battery," in the Kentucky department of this work.) Vol. 11—31

Twenty-fourth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captains John L. Hill; First Lieuts., James W. Gamble, James J. Brown, Frederick W. Poor; Second Lieuts., William March, Samuel Lyle, Jr. This battery was mustered into service on August 4, 1863, at Camp Dennison, to serve for three years. In November it was taken by rail to Johnson's island, to guard Confederate prisoners. On June 9, 1864, orders were received to move by rail to Kentucky to aid in looking after Morgan's cavalry, but on reaching Xenia, O., counter orders were met and the battery returned to Camp Hill, Johnson's island. In August it was taken to Camp Chase, and from there was ordered to report at Camp Douglas, near Chicago. It was mustered out on June 24, 1865.

Twenty-fifth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captain, Julius L. Hadley; First Lieuts., Edward B. Hubbard, Gilbert J. Doolittle, Edward F. Webster, Alexander C. Ruple, Stephen Clifford; Second Lieuts., Joseph R. Johnston, Thomas M. Morley, Leonard Doolittle, Bina H. Rickard, Ashley B. Crane. This battery was organized from the enlisted men of the 2nd Ohio cavalry at Crane creek, Missouri, February 17, 1863, to serve for three years. During the summer of 1863 it was engaged in various expeditions in Missouri and Arkansas, took part in the battle of Brownsville, Arkansas, and was frequently engaged until September, when it entered Little Rock. It remained at Little Rock during the months of September and October; was engaged in operating against the enemy in Southern Arkansas; and the remainder of the year performed duty at different points in that state. After reorganization as a veteran battery it was assigned to duty at Little Rock, where it remained until the end of the war, when it was ordered to Camp Chase, Ohio, and mustered out on December 12, 1865, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Twenty-sixth Independent Battery Light Artillery.—Captain, Theobold D. Yost; First Lieuts., Levi J. Cox, Omar S. Lee, John C. Hampson; Second Lieuts., Abel T. Lee, John E. Kitzmiller. This battery (formerly Co. F, 32nd Ohio infantry) was organized at Camp Bartley, August 30, 1861, to serve for three years. It was permanently detached, as a battery, on December 22, 1863. The engagements in which this battery took part, previous to the date of its detachment, will be found in connection with the 32nd infantry. After its veteran furlough the battery returned to Vicksburg, Mississippi, February 3, 1864. It participated in a number of expeditions from Vicksburg and Natchez, and in November was ordered to report at Natchez for garrison duty. After the close of the war it was attached to the Texas expedition and served on the Rio Grande until August, 1865. when it was ordered to Ohio and mustered out on September 2, 1865, at Tod Barracks, Columbus, in accordance with orders from the war department.

Ironton Independent Battery.—Captain, William R. Williams; First Lieutenant, Josiah H. Pratt. This battery was mustered in on July 12, 1861, at Guyandot, West Virginia, by Captain Whittlesy, to serve for three months, and was mustered out on November 18. 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, bv Captain Albert B. Dod of the 15th U. S. infantry.

Cotter's Independent Battery.—Captain, Charles S. Cotter. This organization was recruited in the city of Cleveland, April 25, 1861, for three months, and from there moved to Camp Chase, where, on July 2. it was mustered into service and at once ordered to Gallipolis to protect the place against Confederate forces under General Wise in the Kanawha valley. It moved into western Virginia with General T. D. Cox's brigade, participating in all the actions and marches of the brigade until ordered home to be mustered out as a three months' organization, which was done at Camp Chase. Columbus, September 3, 1861. During its period of service but 1 death is recorded, the soldier dying July 22, from wounds received in the battle of Scarey creek.

Paulsen's Independent Battery.—Captain, August Paulsen, First Lieuts., R. Waits, Carl Victor' Beekman; Second Lieuts., Christian Kleb, B. Zufall. This battery was mustered in at Columbus for one month, to date from September 2, 1862, and was mustered out at Columbus, to date from September 22, 1862, by George McGown, brevet major of the U. S. army.

Williams' Independent Battery.—Captain, William S. Williams; First Lieutenant, Daniel Lenker. This battery was organized at Canton on June 25, 1861, marched thence to Camp Chase, Columbus, where it was mustered into service on June 28, and on the same day was ordered into western Virginia, where it was attached to General J. D. Cox's brigade. On July 2 .it was consolidated with Captain Cotter's battery. It served an additional three months, the exigencies of the service requiring it to_ remain until relieved by other batteries. It participated in all the actions and marches until October 19, when it was ordered to report to Columbus, to be there mustered out of the U. S. service, which was done on November 6.

First Veteran Engineers.—Major, Patrick O'Connell. This regiment, composed of members of the pioneer brigade, Department of the Cumberland, was organized as per special orders, No. 231, war department, adjutant-general's office, Washington, July 8, 1864. A new company was organized in March, 1865, and assigned as Co. L. The members whose terms of service would have expired previous to October 1, 1865, were mustered out at different dates in June, 1865, and the remaining members retained in service until September 20, 1865, when they were mustered out .


JOSEPH WARREN KEIFER

Major-General Joseph Warren Keifer, associate editor for Ohio, is a native of that state, having been born in Clark county January 30, 1836. He was educated at Antioch college; began the study of law at Springfield in 1856, and two years later was admitted to the bar. Five days after the fall of Fort Sumter he enlisted in the 3d Ohio volunteer infantry, and on April 27, 1861, was commissioned major of the regiment. On February 12, 1862, he was promoted lieutenant-colonel, and on September 30 following was commissioned colonel of the 110th Ohio infantry. He served with marked ability and bravery in the campaigns in West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, and with the army of the Potomac. No better testimony to his intrepidity is needed than the statement that he was four times wounded during his service. At the close of the Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864 he was brevetted brigadier-general. In the operations about Petersburg, Virginia, and on the Appomattox campaign he commanded the 2nd brigade, 3d division, 6th army corps, which distinguished itself at the battle of Sailor's creek by the capture of Tucker's marine brigade, 2,000 strong. For his gallantry in these campaigns he was brevetted major-general July 1, 1865. Declining a lieutenant-colonel's commission in the regular army, General Keifer returned to his law practice, which had been so rudely interrupted in 1861. In 1867 he was elected to the Ohio state senate. In 1876 he was a delegate to the Republican national convention, and that autumn was elected to Congress, where he served for four successive terms, being speaker of the house in the 47th Congress. In the autumn of 1904, twenty years after his retirement from that body, General Keifer was again elected to Congress, and was reelected in 1906. In 1873 he was elected president of the Lagonda national bank at Springfield, which position he held for over thirty years. When the Spanish-American war broke out General Keifer's old military spirit was aroused. He offered his services to the government, was appointed major-general of volunteers, and served as such until the close of hostilities. General Keifer has been honored on many occasions by invitations to deliver public addresses, and was the orator at the unveiling of the Garfield statue in Washington in May, 1887. He is a prominent figure in the Grand Army of the Republic and takes a keen interest in promoting the welfare of the order. In 1868-70 he was commander of the Ohio department, and in 1871-72 was vice-commander-in-chief. General Keifer is the author of a work entitled '-Slavery and Four Years of War."