Union Regiments by State

New Jersey

Source: The Union Army, Vol. III. Madison, Wisconsin: Federal Publishing Company, 1908.


Military Affairs in New Jersey
1861-65

On January 29, 1861, the legislature of New Jersey passed a series of joint resolutions, which set forth that it was the duty of every good citizen, in all suitable and proper ways, to stand by and sustain the Union of the States as transmitted to us by our fathers; that the government of the United States is a national government and the Union it was designed to perfect is not a mere compact or league; that the Constitution was adopted in a spirit of mutual compromise and concession by the people of the United States, and can only be preserved by the constant recognition of that spirit.

In these resolutions the legislature further recommended that the resolutions and propositions submitted to the senate of the United States by the Hon. John J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, for the compromise of the questions in dispute between the people of the northern and southern states, or any other constitutional method that would permanently settle the question of slavery, as being acceptable to the people of New Jersey, and requested the senators and representatives in Congress from New Jersey to earnestly urge and support those resolutions and propositions. The legislature also recommended the calling of a convention of the states to propose amendments to the constitution, as a last resort to preserve the union of the states. It urged states that had obnoxious laws in force, which interfered with the constitutional rights of citizens of the other states, either in regard to their persons or property, to repeal the same.

The legislature appointed Governor Charles S. Olden, Peter D. Vroom, Robert F. Stockton, Benjamin Williamson, Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, Rodman M. Price, William C. Alexander, and William S. Stryker, as commissioners to confer with Congress and the sister states and urge upon them the importance of carrying the principles and objects of the resolutions into effect. The commissioners above named, in addition to their other powers, were authorized to meet with those either already appointed or thereafter to be appointed by the sister State of Virginia, and such commissioners of other states as had been or might be thereafter appointed, to meet at Washington on February 4, following.

The legislature further resolved that however undoubted may be the right of the general government to maintain its authority and enforce its laws over all parts of the country, it is equally certain that forbearance and compromise are indispensable at this crisis to the perpetuity of the Union, and that it is the dictate of reason, wisdom and patriotism peacefully to adjust whatever differences exist between the different sections of our country.

On April 15 President Lincoln issued his first proclamation for troops to quell the uprising. The number called for was 75,000 men for three months' service, and the quota of New Jersey was four regiments of 780 men each, or an aggregate of 3,120 men. Governor Olden was at once notified that a call would be made on the state for her quota, and on the 17th he received the requisition from the war department. He immediately issued his proclamation, directing all individuals or organizations who were willing to respond to report themselves within twenty days. Orders were issued to the several generals of divisions to furnish each one regiment and that they fill the regiments severally required to be furnished, so far as practicable, with volunteers; the regiments to be completed by draft from the reserved militia. On the same day that the requisition was received, the governor notified the war department that measures would be immediately taken to comply with its request and that but a few days would be necessary to ascertain when the men would probably be at the place of rendezvous, of which information would be sent as early as possible.

Immediately after the receipt of the president's proclamation, the telegraph line to Cape May, which had been abandoned by the company, was put in working order at the expense of the state; ammunition was ordered to be placed at the disposal of the generals of the various brigades; a maritime guard was established along the line of the coast, the same consisting of patriotic citizens living adjacent thereto; and vigorous measures were taken to put the whole state in immediate condition for defense. A company of New Jersey troops, accepted for that duty by Major-General Wool of the United States army, was ordered to garrison Fort Delaware, but the general government having previously provided for the safety of that fort the company's services were not needed and the order was countermanded.

The first company received under the requisition for the militia was the "Olden Guards." Captain Joseph A. Yard, of Trenton, a veteran of the Mexican war, who raised and equipped a company for that service in 1846, reported and was mustered into the service of the United States on April 23, and a sufficient number of companies to compose the four regiments reported and were mustered in, in quick succession, until April 30, when the brigade was complete. From the report of Q. M. General Lewis Perrine, we quote the following:

"Very few military companies existed (at the date of the proclamation of the president), and our arms were limited and mostly inferior to the improvements of the present day. This was our condition at the date of your Excellency's proclamation of the 17th day of April last. On account of the agitated state of the public mind, and the extent and ramifications of a rebellion, the magnitude of which history does not furnish a parallel, and the exposed situation of the arsenal, the following order was issued to one of the military companies of this city: 'State of New Jersey, Office of the Adjutant-General, Trenton, April 16, 1861. Captain William R. Murphy, Captain Co. A, National Guard, 1st Regt. Mercer Brigade. Sir: You will consider yourself, and company under your command, detailed for special service. You will report forthwith to the Quartermaster-General of the state and act under his orders until otherwise directed. By order of the Commander-in-Chief, R. F. Stockton, Adjutant-General.'

"In obedience to this order, Captain Murphy reported himself and command for immediate service. On the same day I directed him to take military possession of the arsenal, with special instructions to perform guard duty, and to allow no one within the arsenal walls without special permission.

"The manner in which this corps performed the duties assigned them reflects great credit upon its officers and men. The arsenal had now become the depot for all of our military operations. The young gentlemen composing this company performed all the duties of a military garrison, and, at the same time, rendered important service in arming and equipping the troops for the field for the period of three months' service, from the 16th of April to the 16th of July, in which seven regiments, four of militia and three of volunteers, were fully armed and equipped.

"When the requisition was made for troops, our militia was without a proper practical organization, without suitable arms or equipments, and although the treasury of the state was by no means embarrassed, it was only in a condition to meet the demands of peace. After the first requisition had been filled the indications were so clear to the mind of the governor that New Jersey was ready for the emergency, and such was the demand throughout the state for the privilege of serving the government, and such the indisposition of some of the southern border states to meet the requisition made on them, that the governor made the offer of two additional regiments.

"The population of New Jersey in the spring of 1861 amounted to 676,000. Of this number 98,806 were liable to military duty, though without military experience and to a great extent ignorant of the use of arms. But when the call came for men to defend the nation's capital, great as had been the popular reluctance to believe that war was possible, and all-pervading as was the decay of the martial spirit, there was no hesitation or delay in the people's response. The whole North rose with glorious unanimity to vindicate the majesty of insulted law. New Jersey, from her Revolutionary battle-fields, answered the nation's call with eager pledges of help. The old flag, displayed aforetime only on fair holidays when no storms beat, flung out its folds in every town and hamlet, and over secluded country homes, and became a perpetual sign of covenant keeping faithfulness—a pledge to all the world that the cause it symbolized should be maintained at whatever cost. It had gone down, torn and soiled at Sumter, but it should be raised again, some day, triumphant and with new stars shining in its azure field. In every town and village the people, assembling in public meetings, pledged their utmost resources in behalf of the imperiled government."

The governor called an extra session of the legislature to meet at Trenton on April 30, 1861, at which time a loan of $2,000,000 was authorized, to furnish the necessary supplies for troops to aid in quelling the southern uprising. On May 28 bids were invited for $500,000 of the state loan of $2,000,000, authorized on May 10, and made payable in from four to eight years. At the same time a circular was sent to each bank in the state, inviting them to subscribe to the loan, and many of the moneyed institutions responded liberally, $455,000 being realized from that source alone. Besides this, offers from individuals amounting to $76,800 were received and taken; the treasurer in August effected temporary loans of $150,000 from banks in Newark, and $100,000 from the Trenton Banking Company, payable in 60 days, making in all the sum of $781,800.

The four regiments having completed their organizations were now ready for the seat of war. At that time the communication with Washington by the Baltimore route having been cut off by the burning of the bridges and the destruction of the railroad by the Confederates, it became necessary that the New Jersey troops should proceed thither by way of Annapolis. The brigade, fully uniformed, armed and equipped, and accompanied by a state battery of 4 brass pieces, was accordingly despatched by that route on May 3, 1861, on board of 14 propellers, sailing down the Delaware and Raritan canal to Bordentown and thence down' the Delaware river. This was designated the 1st New Jersey brigade and contained an aggregate of 3,075 men, including officers and musicians.

Information having been previously received from the war department that it was unable at the time to furnish accouterments and ammunition, and advising that on that account the New Jersey troops must not yet be moved, it had been determined on account of the exigencies of the case and the dangers threatening the national capital that the necessary accouterments should be furnished at the expense of the state. Efforts were made to procure the requisite ammunition from Major-General Patterson, in command of that immediate department, and from Major-General Wool, then in command at New York. These efforts proving unsuccessful, application was made to Simeon Draper, chairman of the Union Defence Committee of New York, who replied that it could be furnished, and Captain Charles P. Smith, of Trenton, clerk of the supreme court, was despatched to New York to procure it. He was successful, though at great risk, as it was forbidden to ship any ammunition from the city, and much care had to be exercised in carting it through the metropolis to the dock. It was, however, shipped from New York to Camden, after the brigade had left Trenton, one of the vessels carrying the troops being detailed to receive it at Camden, where it was taken on board and distributed to the troops on the other vessels as they passed down the bay. The state also furnished rifles, with which the flank companies of the several regiments were armed.

In a letter to the chief executive of the state, referring to the exertions of New Jersey in aid of the general government, the secretary of war used the following language: "For your prompt and patriotic response to the call of the general government, I tender to your=elf and the people of New Jersey my sincere and heartfelt thanks." In a subsequent letter he said: "Allow me to tender you the thanks of this department for the very prompt and efficient manner in which you and the people of your state have responded to the requisitions made upon you."

The 1st regiment was clothed at Newark, by authority from the quartermaster-general; the 2nd was mostly clothed at Jersey City, by means advanced by a committee of gentlemen of that city, and which was afterward reimbursed by the state; the 3d and 4th were clothed entirely by the state, and the entire brigade was armed and equipped at the arsenal. The entire force was recruited, clothed, fully armed, equipped, and transported to Washington within the short space of 20 days from the date of the governor's proclamation, at an entire expense of $192,233.15.

In a short time after the first call of the president for military aid, the rapidly increasing proportions of the uprising at the South rendered it apparent that a greater number of troops, enlisted for a longer period than those embraced in the first call, would be required. Accordingly, on May 3, 1861, the president's proclamation to that effect was issued, and on the 17th the requisition and general order for three regiments of volunteers from New Jersey, for three years or during the war was received, in addition to the four regiments from the state already in the field. The first company of this call was mustered in on May 21, 1861, under command of Captain David Hatfield, of Elizabeth City, who received the appointment of major of the ist regiment upon its organization. It went into camp at Camp Olden, near Trenton, where the various companies comprising the three regiments were also encamped upon being mustered in. They remained in camp for instruction in drill and discipline until June 28, when, in response to an order from Lieutenant-General Scott, they were despatched to Washington by rail, reporting at once for duty and becoming a part of the army of the republic. These regiments were furnished the necessary clothing, camp and garrison equipage, by the state, made under contract with the lowest bidders, and within 20 days the necessary supplies were furnished and delivered at the state arsenal, so that on June 28, the troops, amply provided with everything necessary for service in the field, were forwarded by rail to Washington, where they were armed by the general government. The cost of fitting out and equipping these regiments was $177,417.89.

On August 3 a requisition was received from the president for five additional regiments of infantry, of ten companies each, and one company of artillery, to be organized and equipped upon the same terms as those above mentioned, each regiment to be furnished by the state with a baggage train; and on September 5 a regiment of riflemen, of twelve companies, and one company of artillery, was added to the last requisition. These five regiments were armed with state muskets, altered from flint to percussion locks, and the 9th regiment was supplied with the new model Springfield rifle-muskets, furnished by the government. The cost of organizing and equipping the five regiments of infantry, one of riflemen of twelve companies, two companies of artillery, and one regiment of cavalry, was $557,480.85. This reg1ment of cavalry was recruited in 20 days by Hon. William Halsted, an eminent lawyer of Trenton, at that time in his seventieth year, under authority from the president of the United States. It was afterward attached to the state, and became the 16th regiment or 1st cavalry. The first five regiments under this call were numbered respectively, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th, and were uniformed, clothed, armed, equipped and furnished with camp equipage, horses, ambulances and baggage wagons by the state. These regiments were raised under an order from the war department of July 29, 1861. The 4th left Camp Olden, as did also the independent regiment organized by Colonel Halsted, on August 20, and arrived in Washington and reported for duty the next day. The 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th reported at Washington during the months of August, September and October, and went into camp at Meridian hill. The 4th was accompanied by a battery of 6 pieces furnished by the state and commanded by Captain William Hexamer, and to the 8th was attached a battery of 6 pieces, commanded by Captain John E. Beam.

On September 5 the order to organize a regiment of riflemen comprising twelve companies was received from the war department, and the first muster of this regiment (the 9th) was made at Camp Olden on October 5. It remained at that camp, engaged in continuous drill, under experienced drill sergeants, until December 4, when it left for Washington, where it arrived two days later. This was raised as a regiment of sharpshooters and was intended to excel any in the service. It was uniformed, clothed, equipped, furnished with camp equipage, horses, ambulances, and baggage wagons by the state.

There remained in the service, from New Jersey, at the close of the year 1861, eight regiments of infantry, one of riflemen, and two artillery companies, numbering 9,850 men holding their organization from the state; and two regiments, one of cavalry and one of infantry, raised independently of it. These, with the men who had joined military organizations in other states, showed a total of at least 17,000 Jerseymen enlisted in the cause of the Union. The regiments which were enlisted early under the calls for troops in 1861 lost heavily and the events toward the close of that year caused the regiments to fall into a somewhat disorganized condition. On January 29, 1862, an order was issued from the war department, placing these regiments under the state authorities. Prompt measures were adopted to reorganize them under state officers and an efficient condition was soon reached. The ist cavalry was placed under command of Colonel Percy Wyndham and it became very effective.

On July 7, under the call of the president for 300,000 three years' men, five regiments were required from New Jersey. There was but one regiment in camp and recruiting was dull, so it was determined to establish five camps in the state under different officers. An order was issued providing for the payment of $2 premium for each recruit, one month's pay and $25 in advance of the $100 provided for by Congress for three years' service. There was also the bounty paid of $6 by the state to each family monthly, and from $2 to $4 to single men. A second lieutenant was appointed for each company to act as mustering officer, and each recruit as he appeared in camp received his money, was uniformed and put to drill. By this means the five regiments were filled in a month. Each regiment had 39 officers, and the five regiments combined contained 4,248 enlisted men. Some of these regiments went immediately into action, the 13th leaving the state on September 1, and on the 17th, at Antietam, it lost 109 in killed, wounded and missing.

Under the president's call of August 4, for 300,000 nine months' men, an enrollment took place of all citizens from 18 to 45 years of age. The quota of New Jersey under this call was 10,478 men, and on August 14 an order from the war department directed a draft to be made on September 3. The commissioners, surgeons and enrolling officers in each county were appointed and the local quotas were ready for publication, when an order was issued that counties should have credit for the volunteers furnished in response to prior calls. This order led to great complications, but the quotas were finally ascertained by adding to the whole number of volunteers furnished by the state the number of men required by the new call. From the number thus resulting to each township was taken the number already furnished, and it was then ordered that volunteers in lieu of drafted men would be taken up to September 1. The recruits flocked into the camps, and on September 2 the five places of rendezvous contained 10,800 men, but by medical examination the number was reduced to 10,714, or 236 more than the number called for. These men were organized into eleven regiments, the field and line officers of which were elected under the constitutional state militia law. All these regiments were in the army of the Potomac, and four were engaged in the battle of the Rappahannock (Fredericksburg), on December 13. Under all the requisitions during the first two years of the war the state furnished 30,214 men. A call for 3,000 men to fill up the old regiments was not met, only 1,030 men having been raised for that purpose, although the state furnished more than that number over all the quotas, but the men had a great repugnance to old regiments. The number enlisted in regiments of other states, it is estimated, carried the total to 35,000.

Of the number in service, 10,373 1elt families or dependent mothers, and the state bounty to them, at $6 a month, amounted to $746,856 per annum. Of single men 12,669 drew an average of $2.50 per month, making $380,070, and the annual charge to the state was therefore $1,126,926. The number of men in the state who were liable to military duty was 71,697. The state debt at the beginning of the year 1862 was about $770,000, of which $100,000 was payable annually, and excepting $95,000 it was all contracted for war purposes. A tax to defray state expenses had been unknown for some years previous to the commencement of the war.

At the session of the legislature at the commencement of 1863 a series of resolutions were passed which were intended to express the views of the majority of the voters on public affairs. The series passed the senate by a vote of 12 to 8, and the house by 38 to 13. The resolutions declared that the state, in promptly answering all the calls for troops, believed and confided in the declarations of the president made in his inaugural address, and in the resolutions of Congress passed in July, 1861; and that, having waited with patience and forbearance for the redemption of these pledges, she conceives it to be her solemn duty to urge upon the president and Congress in the most respectful and decided manner the redemption of the pledges under which the troops of the state entered upon and have continued in the contest; and as the devotion of the state to the sacred cause of perpetuating the Union and maintaining the Constitution has been untainted, in any degree, by infidelity, bigotry, sectionalism, or partisanship, she now, in view of the faith originally plighted, of the disasters and disgrace that have marked the steps of a changed and changing policy, and of the imminent dangers that threaten the national existence, urges upon the president and Congress a return and adherence to the original policy of the administration, as the only means by which the Union can be restored, and the nation saved.

While to some the text of these resolutions may sound like discordant notes in the chorus of patriotism that thrilled the North in those days, yet they must not be construed as reflecting a disloyal sentiment to any degree. The people of th" nation were in the midst of a conflict, in magnitude unequaled in the history of the world, and it is not at all surprising, nor does it at all reflect upon the patriotism of a considerable number of people that they could not subscribe to and endorse all of the measures employed by the national administration for the purpose of bringing the war to a successful close. As an evidence of patriotic impulses attention is called to the action of the state authorities and the people of New Jersey, in the summer of 1863, when Lee invaded Pennsylvania. At that time Governor Curtin of the latter state sent a message to the governor of New Jersey, requesting the aid of troops from that state, and the secretary of war also sent a request to the governor for troops, whereupon Governor Joel Parker immediately issued the following call for men:

"Jerseymen: The State of Pennsylvania is invaded. A hostile army is now occupying and despoiling the towns of our sister state. She appeals to New Jersey, through her governor, to aid in driving back the invad1ng army. Let us respond to this call upon our patriotic state with unprecedented zeal. I therefore call upon the citizens of this state to meet and organize into companies, and report to the adjutant-general of the state as soon as possible, to be organized into regiments as the militia of New Jersey and press forward to the assistance of Pennsylvania in this emergency. The organization of these troops will be given in general orders as soon as practicable."

The 23d regiment of New Jersey troops, belonging to the nine months' service, was on its march to Beverly to be finally mustered out, its term of service having expired, when the men were apprised at Philadelphia of Lee's advance and the supposed danger of Harrisburg, the capital of the Keystone state. Then, as stated above, came the proclamation of Governor Parker, a few days afterward, appealing to the people, and regiments not yet disbanded or in process of formation, to hasten to the aid of a sister state. When this appeal was made, less than half of the regiment was in camp, but Colonel Grubb assembled together all who were present and asked all who would follow him in response to the proclamation of Governor Parker to step two paces to the front and not a man hesitated. The only transportation they could get was a coal train, upon which they embarked and in due time reached Harrisburg, when they were taken to the river and set to work throwing up rifle-pits to prevent the enemy crossing the river, which at the time was very shallow. There the men, from the colonel down, worked steadily, but before the labor was completed orders were received directing the regiment to return to Beverly, where they were mustered out on June 27.

Up to July, 1863, there had been five requisitions made on the state for men, all of which had been promptly responded to, and twenty-eight regiments, comprising 30,214 men had been furnished, 23,042 of whom, comprising twenty-four regiments, were still in the field. During the summer months, while the enrollment under the conscription act of 1863 was being completed, and until the provost marshal general should be prepared to commence the draft, it was announced that volunteers would be accepted in lieu of drafted men, and the quota for the state was fixed at 8,783. Rendezvous were opened simultaneously at Trenton, Beverly, Newark, Freehold, Flemington and Hudson City, and post quartermasters were appointed at each place. The entire quota was raised by volunteering, so that no draft took place in the state. The amount expended during the year for recruiting, subsisting, clothing and transporting the troops of the state mustered into the service of the United States, together with ten companies mustered for service in Pennsylvania, was $591,640.75.

Until May, 1864, the troops contributed by New Jersey to the Federal service were furnished by volunteering, principally through the state authorities. After the date mentioned they were raised chiefly through United States officials, by the operation of the conscription act. On May 16, 1864, Governor Parker issued a proclamation in response to a call from the president to raise immediately all the militia force he could for the period of 100 days from the date of muster into the U. S. service and to be furnished within 15 days. No bounty was to be given, neither were their services to be credited upon any draft. The 37th regiment, organized under this call, left Trenton on June 28, 1864, 700 strong, and proceeded direct to Baltimore, from whence it was taken by steamer to City Point, Virginia On July 18, 1864, the president issued a proclamation for 500,000 troops, for one, two or three years' service, and on the 25th, the governor issued his proclamation, giving the quota of New Jersey at 15,891 men. The 38th regiment was raised in the summer and autumn of that year, and on September 30, Colonel William J. Sewell accepted its command and completed the regiment in 15 days. The regiment was sent to Fort Powhatan, about 15 miles below City Point. The 39th regiment was recruited under the same call and left Newark early in October of the same year, five companies leaving on the 4th and the others a few days later. The 40th regiment was organized under General Orders No. 243 (Series of 1864), of the war department. It was raised under the immediate superintendence of Colonel Stephen R. Gilkyson, who afterward became its commander, and the last company was mustered in on March 10, 1865.

The number of men mustered into the United States service from New Jersey during the war, exclusive of the militia sent to aid in the defense of Maryland and Pennsylvania in 1863, was 79,348—a total greater than all the able-bodied men in the state between the ages of eighteen and forty-five at the commencement of the war. Foster, in his admirable work entitled "New Jersey and the Rebellion," makes the following summary statement:

"We have seen that the total number of regiments furnished by New Jersey during the war was forty, including infantry and cavalry, together with five batteries of artillery. The number of men furnished by the state out of 98,806 liable to do military duty, was 88,305, being 10,057 in excess of the number called for by the general government, and within 10,501 of her entire militia at that time. Of this number 79,348 served with state organizations, and the remainder in regiments of other states. The naval and marine enlistments from New Jersey numbered 4,853"

Several companies that had been rejected at home, in consequence of the quota there being filled and the governor having no authority to accept any more troops, joined a brigade of General Sickles' that was forming in New York, called the Excelsior brigade, which was placed to the credit of the state of New York, although the men composing it were recruited from all parts of the country. In its first regiment alone, 70th New York, two entire companies—I and K—and a part of Co. A were recruited in New Jersey, while in five other companies there were a number of men who claimed New Jersey as their home. In fact, throughout the entire brigade, the men, with the exception of the 4th regiment, which was recruited exclusively from the City of New York, were recruited from the states of Pennsylvania, Michigan and Massachusetts. At the headquarters of the brigade, in December, 1861, it was computed that more than 1.200 Jerseymen were serving in it. Two companies of the "Harris Light Cavalry," of New York (A and B), were raised in Sussex county, New Jersey, by General Judson Kilpatrick. Co. A of the 20th New York infantry was also composed of citizens of New Jersey, who served with eminent distinction. The nucleus of Bramhall's battery, of the same state, was also formed by a company of men from Rahway. This company originally went out as Co. K, 9th regiment, New York state militia, and at Poolesville, Maryland, it was organized as a 6-gun battery, receiving recruits from New Jersey and New York. In Serrell's engineers there were two companies from New Jersey, both of which achieved distinction by their gallant and faithful services, though the state never received the credit to which she was entitled, as this was invariably accorded to New York. The 48th New York had two companies—D and H—from New Jersey. Co. D, recruited mainly in Trenton, was commanded by Captain D. C. Knowles, a professor in Pennington seminary, with James O. Paxson and John Bodine as first and second lieutenants. It was known as the "Die-no-mores," from the burden of its favorite hymn. Captain Knowles and Lieut . Paxson, both being men of eminent piety, and many of the command being professors of religion, had infused the same spirit into the entire company, and they were constantly singing devotional songs, the principal one being that above mentioned. During the storming of Fort Wagner they formed a part of the storming party, singing their favorite song during the engagement. It was there that their gallant leader, Captain Paxson, was killed.

Quite a large number of Jerseymen were identified with Pennsylvania regiments. A company raised at Belvidere by Charles W. Butz, upon finding the New Jersey quota filled, proceeded to Philadelphia, and on September 13, 1861, was mustered in as Co. I, of Harlan's independent cavalry, afterward designated as the 11th Pennsylvania cavalry. Many individuals from New Jersey served in organizations of other states, or in the field at large, and a large number of them achieved distinction. Co. A, National Guard, of Trenton, then under command of Captain William R. Murphy, was, as previously stated, the first to offer its services to the governor. The adjutant-general, in his report to the legislature, said of that company:

"Co. A, National Guard, of Trenton, was organized November 30, 1860, and at the time the war broke out was in a fine state of discipline. It had in its ranks the best young men of the city. It was the first company under arms in the North, and it is claimed, as I think with truth, that Captain Murphy issued the first military order which was promulgated after the publication of the president's proclamation. From the hour when the company was detailed for service at the state arsenal, the most vigorous discipline commenced, and Captain Murphy became the great drillmaster of the organization. Of the 56 men on constant duty there, 45 enlisted in the army, or received commissions therein. The company boasts to-day, with none to challenge it, that it sent, for its size, more men to the war than any organization in the North. On the 19th of June, 1863, having recruited their depleted ranks, under the call of Governor Curtin 'for the emergency,' they hurried to Harrisburg, passing on the route Pennsylvania companies organizing, and were the first to report to Governor Curtin for assignment to duty. As men of another state they were warmly complimented by him for their alacrity and splendid discipline." The main facts connected with the above are taken from Foster's "New Jersey in the Rebellion," published by authority of the state.

During the entire war New Jersey had ample reason to be proud of her citizen soldiery, for on every battle-field where their services were called into requisition, they acquitted themselves nobly and ably sustained the reputation of Jersey Blues. In some of the most difficult enterprises of the war the Jersey troops occupied a prominent position; from the first battle at Bull Run to the final surrender at Appomattox they were constantly in service, and in almost all engagements were complimented for their bravery and valor by their general officers. The best provision within the power of the state was made for them and their families during their absence, all of which was highly appreciated by the men themselves, who felt while they were absent fighting their country's battles, their wives and little ones at home were well cared for by the munificence of a state that well appreciated their services and the hardships endured in the camp and on the field of battle, and used every means in their power to add to their comfort.

The amount paid by the state during the war to soldiers honorably discharged and to families and dependent mothers was $2,317,375, and besides this amount an aggregate of more than $2,300,000 was transmitted by soldiers in the field for the benefit of their families in the state. The remains of yj New Jersey soldiers were entombed at the Gettysburg cemetery, the graves being all regularly graded, headstones erected, the avenues macadamized, and trees and shrubbery planted. Measures having been taken for the establishment of a similar cemetery at Antietam, an agent was sent by the governor of New Jersey to visit all the battle-fields in Maryland, and mark the graves of the New Jersey dead, so that their remains might be identified, with the view of reinternment at Antietam. On March 23, 1865, the legislature passed an act incorporating the "Soldiers' Children's Home" at Trenton, and on April 6 an appropriation of $5,000 was made in aid of the institution. "The Home" was placed under the management of an association of ladies and the homeless orphan children were clothed and instructed at the expense of the institution. From statistics of orphanage returned to the secretary of state, at the beginning of 1865, it appeared that there were in the state at that time 1,865 orphan or half-orphan children of soldiers or sailors, and of that number there were 1,589 under twelve years of age. An act was also approved on March 23, 1865, to authorize the establishment of a home for disabled soldiers.

And when, by reason of the war being brought to a successful close, the survivors of New Jerseys citizen soldiery returned to their homes, they were received with every demonstration within the power of their fellow-citizens to bestow upon them, in which all classes joined to do them honor and show the great appreciation of the noble services of the Jersey boys in blue.

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RECORD OF NEW JERSEY REGIMENTS

First Regiment—Militia.—Colonel, Adolphus J. Johnson; Lieutenant-Colonel James Peckwell; Major, William W. Michels. This regiment was mustered into the U. S. service at Trenton, April 30, 1861, to serve for three months, and left the state for Washington, D. C, on May 3, with 37 commissioned officers and 736 non-commissioned officers and privates; total, 773. The arrival of the brigade of which the regiment was a part, at Annapolis, Maryland, was at once reported to General Butler, who, after some ceremony, ordered its advance to Washington, and on May 5 the 1st regiment, with six companies of the 2nd and nine companies of the 3d started forward in two trains of cars. On June 18 the 1st and 3d were advanced to a point near Roach's mill, on the line of the Alexandria & Loudoun railway, leaving the fortifications and Arlington Heights in the rear, and within 5 miles of the picket-guard of the enemy. The regiment remained in this position until July 16, when it was advanced to a point 3 miles beyond Springfield and detachments from other regiments were detailed for duty at other points in advance of the line then occupied. In the movement that resulted in the first battle of Bull Run the first of the reserve divisions consisted, originally, in part of the 1st regiment. On July 21, the day on which the army advanced to the attack. General Runyon forwarded the DeKalb regiment—part of whom were Jerseymen—together with the 1st, 2nd, and 3d (three years') New Jersey and the 1st (three months') regiment to Centerville, in obedience to orders from General McDowell. After that disastrous conflict, the term of service of the men of the 1st having expired, they returned to New Jersey and were mustered out at Newark on July 31, 1861, having lost 2 men, 1 by discharge and 1 by death.

Second Regiment—Militia.—Colonel, Henry M. Baker; Lieutenant-Colonel, Abraham Speer; Major, John J. Van Buskirk. This regiment was mustered into the service of the United States at Trenton, May 1, 1861, to serve for three months, and left the state for Washington, D. C, on May 3, with 36 commissioned officers and 709 non-commissioned officers and privates, a total of 745. Upon the arrival of the troops at Annapolis the fact was at once reported to General Butler, who ordered their advance to Washington, and on May 5, six companies of the 2nd, with all of the 1st and nine companies of the 3d, started forward in two trains of cars. The other four companies of the 2nd, left at Annapolis, were detailed, by order of General Scott, to the duty of guarding the telegraph and railroad track between Washington and Annapolis Junction. Later the regiment was united and went into camp on Meridian hill, where, on the evening of May 23, the 2nd, 3d and 4th regiments were paraded in heavy marching order, supplied with one day's rations, and about midnight took up the line of march in silence for the bridge that spanned the Potomac, which was reached at 2 o'clock on the morning of the 24th. The bridge being crossed, the 2nd was posted at Roach's spring, and the 3d and 4th about half a mile beyond on the Alexandria road. On June 18 the regiment was ordered, in company with a portion of the 4th, to proceed to Alexandria, where it remained until its term of service expired, when it returned to New Jersey and was mustered out at Trenton on July 31, 1861. The total strength of the regiment was 774 and it lost during its 32 term of service, by resignation 3, by promotion 4, by discharge 4, by transfer 7, by desertion 3, and unaccounted for 1, mustered out, 752.

Third Regiment—Militia.—Colonel, William Napton; Lieutenant-Colonel, Stephen Moore; Major, James S. Yard. This regiment was mustered into the service of the United States at Trenton, April 27, 1861, to serve for three months, and left the state for Washington, D. C. on May 3, with 37 commissioned officers and 743 non-commissioned officers and privates, a total of 780. The arrival of the troops at Annapolis was at once reported to General Butler, who ordered the regiment to Washington. (See preceding regiments.) On May 23, at the evening parade, the 2nd, 3d and 4th regiments were paraded in heavy marching order, and being supplied with one day's rations, took up the line of march in silence about midnight for the bridge that spanned the Potomac river, which was reached and crossed at 2 o'clock on the morning of the 24th. The 2nd was posted at Roach's spring and the 3d and 4th about half a mile beyond on the Alexandria road—the 3d being located near Abingdon house, the mansion of Bushrod W. Hunter, formerly a lieutenant in the U. S. navy. On June 18, the 1st and 3d were advanced to a point near Roach's Mill, on the line of the Alexandria & Loudoun railway, to within 5 miles of the picket-guard of the enemy. On July 16, 425 men of the 3d were detailed as an escort to a provision train, en route for the main body of the army, and eight days later, the term of service of the regiment having expired, it returned to New Jersey and was mustered out at Trenton, July 31, 1861. The total strength of the regiment was 790. It lost during its term of service, by resignation 1, by death 3, by transfer 2, by promotion 2, by desertion 7, discharged 20, mustered out, 755.

Fourth Regiment—Militia.—Colonel, Matthew Miller, Jr.; Lieutenant-Colonel, Simpson R. Stroud; Major, Robert C. Johnson. This regiment was mustered into the U. S. service at Trenton, April 27, 1861, to serve for three months, and left the state for Washington, D. C, on May 3, with 37 commissioned officers and 743 non-commissioned officers and privates, a total of 777. On the evening of May 5 it reached the capital, and on the 9th it was ordered to go into camp at Meridian hill, where, within a few days the entire brigade was encamped, and where, on the 12th, it was honored by a visit from the president, who warmly complimented the appearance of the troops. On the evening of May 23 it joined the 2nd and 3d regiments and about midnight took up the line of march in silence for the bridge that spanned the Potomac. This bridge was crossed at 2 o'clock on the morning of the 24th, the 2nd was posted at Roach's spring, and the 3d and 4th about half a mile beyond on the Alexandria road. On July 16, a guard was detailed from the 4th for a section of the Orange & Alexandria railroad, which it was important to hold; one company from the regiment guarded the Long bridge; still another was on duty at Arlington mills; and the remainder of the regiment, together with the 2nd, was ordered to proceed to Alexandria. On July 24, the term of service having expired, the 4th returned to New Jersey and was mustered out at Trenton, July 31, 1861. The total strength of the regiment was 783, and it lost by discharge 6, by promotion 2, by death 2 and by desertion 7, mustered out, 766.

First Infantry.—Colonels, William R. Montgomery, Alfred T. A. Torbert, Mark W. Collett; Lieutenant-Colonels, Robert McAllister, William Henry, Jr.; Majors, David Hatfield, Enos Fouratt, Alexander M. Way. This regiment was recruited under General Orders No. 15, of May 4, 1861. It was fully organized, equipped and officered by May 18, and on the 21st was duly mustered into the service of the United States, for three years, at Camp Olden, Trenton. It was one of the four regiments composing what was generally known as the 1st New Jersey brigade (the other regiments being the 2nd, 3d and 4th), for the greater part of the time of service. It was first attached to General Runyon's division of reserves (militia) at the first battle of Bull Run, and then as already stated, became a part of the 1st brigade. Immediately subsequent to the first battle of Bull Run the 1st and 2nd went into camp near Alexandria, where the 3d, which was stationed at Fairfax during the engagement, also took position and the 4th upon its arrival was ordered to the same vicinity. On October 15, a detachment of the 1st regiment fell in with the enemy, mainly cavalry, at Benson's tavern, and after a brief skirmish, in which the soldiers of the regiment emptied a number of saddles, retired with the loss of 3 or 4 killed. In the early part of March, 1862, the regiment advanced to Fairfax Court House, whence, on the morning of the 10th, a detachment under Major Hatfield and Captain Vansickle was sent forward to Centerville, which place was entered about noon—the remainder of the regiment coming up shortly afterward under Lieutenant-Colonel McAllister. At the battle of West Point, Virginia, in May, 1862, the brigade during the evening relieved the troops in advance, which had borne the brunt of the fighting, and the men lay on their arms in line of battle until daylight, when they were ordered forward, the 1st, 2nd and 3d regiments acting as skirmishers and the 4th as a reserve. Advancing to a hill from which the enemy had the day previous shelled our transports, it was occupied and held until noon, when, the enemy having retreated, the troops returned to their old position, whence the 1st regiment was advanced on the 9th to join Stoneman's forces. On the night of June 21, the regiment, under McAllister, was sent out to guard a working party, near the Fair Oaks battle-field. At the battle of Gaines' mill the brigade was formed in two lines, the 3d and 4th regiments in front, the 1st and 2nd in the second line, and in this order advanced. About half an hour after reaching the field, the 1st, under Lieutenant-Colonel McAllister, was ordered into the woods to support General Newton, and took position under the eye of General Porter. Major Hatfield was wounded in the early part of the engagement and subsequently died of his injuries; O1pt. E. G. Brewster was killed; Captains Way, Mount and others were wounded—the total loss in the regiment being 21 killed, 78 wounded and 60 missing. Lieutenant-Colonel McAllister displayed the utmost coolness throughout and many other officers and privates excited the warmest approbation by their steadiness under fire. The regiment also participated in the battles of Charles City cross-roads, Malvern hill, the second Manassas, Chantilly, Crampton's gap and Antietam. In the movement against Fredericksburg, in December, 1862, the brigade, to which had been added the 15th and 23d New Jersey, reached the north bank of the river on the night of December 11, crossed at daylight on the following morning and was formed in two lines in rear of its division, as follows: First line. 15th and 23d deployed; second line, 1st, 2nd, 3d and 4th, massed 100 yards in rear of the first. After the close of that battle and until the night of the 15th, the brigade remained inactive in the position it had occupied, the 1st regiment only being engaged on picket. In the operations at Fredericksburg in the spring of 1863 the brigade occupied a position in the line of rifle-pits close to the river, and this position was occupied until the evening of May 2, when the 1st regiment attacked and drove in the enemy's pickets on the right, the ground thus taken being promptly occupied and held. Colonel Collett was killed in the thick of the fight at Salem Church. In the Gettysburg campaign, the brigade, which prior to this movement had participated in various apparently aimless marches in Virginia, was attached to Wright's division of the 6th corps, and then consisted of the 1st, 2nd, 3d and 15th regiments and Hexamer's battery—the 4th having been detailed for provost duty in Washington. The regiment was engaged at Fairfield, Pennsylvania, Williamsport and Funkstown, Maryland, Rappahannock Station and Mine Run, Virginia. During this time, Major Henry succeeded to the command of the regiment, and Colonel Torbert being assigned to the command of a cavalry division, Colonel Brown, of the 3d, temporarily took charge of the brigade, to which the 10th regiment was added before the grand advance under Grant. Late in the second day's fight at the Wilderness, the 1st, 4th and 10th regiments, lying on the left of Neill's brigade, were several times attacked with great ferocity by the Confederates, but at nightfall still held substantially the ground occupied by them in the morning—a heavy assault by the Confederate General Gordon just at dusk, which at first promised to destroy the whole right wing of the army, being repulsed with heroic gallantry. Among the killed was Lieutenant Swan of the 1st, and among the wounded were Major Way, Captains Warner, Sitgreaves, Blythe and several lieutenants. In fact, the brigade was left with only a handful of officers and with terribly decimated ranks, the 1st regiment especially being greatly thinned. But it was as firm and indomitable on the morrow as when it first marched into the tangled thicket, where so many of its brave and noble ones gloriously fell. At Spottsylvania, Colonel Campbell was detached with the 1st and 15th regiments and moved across the swamp, pushing the enemy before him through the woods until he reached a ridge commanding a certain road, which it was deemed important to occupy. Three days later the brigade was massed for a charge—the 1st, 4th and 15th in the first line, four companies of the 2nd and the 3d in the second line—and in this order pushed forward through the woods with muskets at a trail until within 100 yards of the Confederate works. During the first eleven days of this great campaign the 1st regiment lost 22 killed, 155 wounded, and 52 missing. The regiment next fought at the North Anna river, then at Hanover Court House, Totopotomy creek, and Cold Harbor. After the latter engagement the 1st and 3d regiments left the front, on June 3—the two numbering 340 men—and reached Trenton on the night of the 7th. The men of these regiments who had reenlisted, and whose terms had not expired, were at first transferred to the 4th and 15th, but were subsequently consolidated into the 1st, 2nd and 3d battalions and with the 4th, 10th and 15th regiments, from that time forward until February, 1865, constituted the 1st brigade—the 40th being added at the latter date. The regiment continued in the service until the capitulation of Lee and was mustered out at Hall's hill, Virginia, June 29, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 1,397, and it lost, by resignation 24, discharge 332, promotion 62, transfer 113, death 234, dismissal 4, deserted 124, and not accounted for 21, leaving 483 that were mustered out.

Second Infantry.—Colonels, George W. McLean, Isaac M. Tucker. Samuel L. Buck, William H. Penrose; Lieutenant-Colonels, Henry O. Ryerson, Charles Wiebecke, James W. McNeely; Majors, James N. Duffy, James H. Close, James W. Penrose. This regiment, organized under authority of General Orders, No. 15, was fully equipped and officered bv May 18. 1861, and on the 26th was duly mustered into the service of the United States, for three years, at Camp Olden, Trenton, New Jersey. It left the state on June 28, with a full complement of men: 38 officers, 1,006 non-commissioned officers and privates; total, 1.044. Its material was excellent, including, as it did. within its ranks a large proportion of the members of the city battalion of Newark—an organization which had a wide reputation for superiority of drill and general soldierly proficiency. It was assigned to the 1st New Jersey brigade, composed of the Tst, 3d and 4th regiments and commanded by Brigadier-General Kearny. Immediately after the first battle of Bull Run, the regiment went into camp near Alexandria, where it was later joined by the 3d and 4th. On August 29, a company of the 2nd had a skirmish with the enemy, in which one man was wounded, the Confederate loss being 12 in killed and injured. On March 9, 1862, the 2nd and 3d regiments, with a squadron of the Lincoln cavalry, occupied Sangster's station on the Orange & Alexandria railroad about 5 miles from Bull Run, the 4th regiment acting as a support to the advance. At West Point, Virginia, on the evening of May 6, 1862, the brigade relieved the troops in advance and the men lay on their arms in line of battle until daylight, when they were ordered forward, the 1st, 2nd and 3d acting as skirmishers and the 4th as a reserve. Advancing to a hill from which the enemy had the day previous shelled our transports, it was occupied and held until noon, when the troops returned to their old position. On the 9th the 2nd was ordered to join Stoneman's forces. The regiment participated in the fight at Gelding's farm, Virginia, and on the afternoon of the battle at Gaines' mill the brigade was formed in two lines, the 2nd being in the second line, and advanced to the brow of a hill in front, where four companies of the regiment under Colonel Simpson, became engaged—the 2nd at first acting as a support to Hexamer's battery, but being subsequently sent by General Porter into a belt of woods on the right to support a Michigan regiment. Unfortunately the latter fell back under some misapprehension, and the four companies of the 2nd were left exposed to the full force of the Confederate onset, with the result that 15 were killed, 48 wounded and 41 missing. The six companies not engaged in the battle were on picket, holding a redoubt in an advanced position, where they were exposed to a constant fire of the enemy's shells, but suffered, fortunately only a single casualty. James Marshall, a corporal of the 2nd, stood by the colors, bearing them defiantly aloft until it was impossible longer to hold out, when he tore them from the staff and buried them out of sight. Following Gaines' mill came the engagements at Charles City cross-roads, Malvern hill, Manassas, Chantilly, Crampton's gap and Antietam. In the movement against Fredericksburg the brigade reached the north bank of the river on the night of December 11, and crossing at daylight on the following morning was formed in two lines in rear of its division, the 2nd being in the second line, 100 yards in rear of the first. In Hooker's operations in the following spring, the regiment also participated, and after Marye's hill had been carried on May 2, the brigade was ordered to advance. Throwing out six companies of the 2nd as skirmishers, the brigade advanced with a shout and delivered a withering fire into the ranks of the foe, but was in turn met by a heavy fire, which for a moment staggered the column. Colonel Brown, who commanded the brigade during the early part of this engagement, was severely wounded, and Colonel Buck of the 2nd, sustained an injury from the fall of his horse, devolving the command upon Colonel Penrose, of the 15th. In the Gettysburg campaign the brigade, which prior to that movement had participated in various movements in Virg1nia, was attached to Wright's division of the 6th corps, and following the battle of Gettysburg the regiment participated in the engagements at Fairfield. Pennsylvania, Williamsport and Funkstown. Maryland, Rappahannock Station and Mine Run, Virginia. In the battle of the Wilderness in May, 1864, the regiment and brigade were engaged, and among the killed in the two days' fight was Captain Henry H. Callen, of the 2nd, who fell while leading his company into action, and Captain Bogart was wounded. At Spottsylvania, on May 12, the brigade was massed for the famous charge—the 1st, 4th and 15th regiments in the first line, four companies of the 2nd (six being on picket) and the .id in the second line—and in that order pushed forward through the woods until within 100 yards of the Confederate works. On the 14th the brigade was again engaged across the Ny river, near the termination of the Union line of battle, where Lieutenant-Colonel Wiebecke. of the 2nd, a brave and efficient officer who went out as a captain and rose by merit, was killed. Grant's campaign against Richmond had now been in progress eleven days, and in that time the 2nd regiment had sustained the following losses: Killed 9, wounded 55. missing 29. On May 29, the regiment left the front and proceeded to Washington, whence it was ordered to Trenton for muster out, its time having expired, and the whole number of men who returned being 315. Those whose term of service did not expire with the regiment and those who had reenlisted were temporarily assigned to duty with the 15th regiment until December 20, 1864, when they were consolidated into what was known as Co. A, 2nd battalion, and so remained until the early part of 1865, when the regiment was reorganized and fully completed by the forwarding of large numbers of recruits, substitutes and drafted men. It then continued its organization until its muster out at Hall's hill, Virginia, July 11, 1865, having taken part in all the fighting and marching which finally resulted in the surrender of Lee at Appomattox. The total strength of the regiment was 2,198, and it suffered losses as follows: By resignation 27, by discharge 378, by promotion 68, by transfer 210, by death 160, by desertion 205, by dismissal 2, not accounted for 19; mustered out, 1,129.

Third Infantry.—Colonels, George W. Taylor, Henry W. Brown; Lieutenant-Colonels, Mark W. Collett, James N. Duffy; Majors, James W. H. Stickney, William E. Bryan. This regiment, raised under authority of General Orders No. 15, of May 4, 1861, was fully organized, equipped and officered by May 18, and on June 4 was duly mustered into the U. S. service for three years, at Camp Olden, Trenton. It left the state on June 28, with a full complement of men—38 officers, 1,013 non-commissioned officers and privates, total, 1,051. It was assigned to General Kearny's brigade, with the 1st, 2nd and 4th New Jersey, composing the 1st New Jersey brigade. Immediately after the first battle of Bull Run it joined the 1st and 2nd regiments near Alexandria, having been stationed at Fairfax during the engagement. It was among the first to come into direct collision with the pickets of the enemy and to suffer loss in its ranks from Confederate bullets at Munson's hill. On March 9, 1862, the 2nd and 3d, with a squadron of the Lincoln cavalry, occupied Sangster's station, on the Orange & Alexandria railroad, the 4th acting as a support to the advance. On the following day the brigade moved cautiously forward and at 10 o'clock in the morning entered the abandoned works at Manassas Junction—eight companies of the 3d being the first to take possession and hoist the regimental flag. At West Point, Virginia, the brigade relieved the troops in advance on the evening of May 6, 1862, and the men lay on their arms in line of battle until daylight, when they were ordered forward, the 3d regiment being on the skirmish line. At Gaines' mill the brigade was formed in two lines, the 3d and 4th in front, and in that order advanced to the brow of a hill, where the 3d, under Lieutenant-Colonel Brown, was ordered into the woods to relieve Newton's brigade, which was sorely pressed by the enemy. The gallant regiment stood its ground, opening a galling fire on the enemy and remaining in the woods until the close of the action, with a loss of 34 killed, 136 wounded and 45 missing. The regiment participated in the battles of Charles City cross-roads, Malvern hill, Manassas, Chantilly, Crampton's gap and Antietam, and also in the movement against Fredericksburg in December. In the spring of 1863 the regiment took part in the movements of Hooker in the vicinity of Fredericksburg and fought at Salem church. In the Gettysburg campaign the brigade, which prior to that movement had been in various apparently aimless marches in Virginia, was attached to Wright's division of the 6th corps. Following the Gettysburg fight the regiment was engaged at Fairfield, Pennsylvania, Williamsport and Funkstown, Maryland, Rappahannock Station and Mine Run, Virginia. Colonel Torbert being assigned to the command of a cavalry division, Colonel Brown, of the 3d, temporarily took charge of the brigade, to which the 10th regiment was added before the grand advance under Grant. In all the operations in the Wilderness the Jerseymen behaved with the greatest steadiness. At the opening of the fight at Spottsylvania, after some playing at cross-purposes, the 3d and 15th regiments were advanced, the former under Captain Dubois deployed as skirmishers, and the latter under Colonel Campbell acting as a support. On May 12, the brigade was massed for a charge—the 3d being in the second line—and pushed forward through the woods until within 100 yards of the Confederate works. In the first eleven days of Grant's campaign against Richmond the 3d regiment sustained the following losses: Killed 21, wounded 102, missing 33. After fighting at the North Anna river, Hanover Court House, Totopotomy creek and Cold Harbor, the 3d left the front on June 3 and reached the New Jersey state capital on the night of the 7th. The men of the regiment who had reenlisted and those whose terms had not expired were at first transferred to the 4th and 15th, but were subsequently consolidated into the 1st, 2nd and 3d battalions, and with the 4th, 10th and 15th regiments, from that time forward until February, 1865, constituted the 1st brigade—the 40th regiment being added at the latter date. The reg1ment then participated in the final operations of the war until the surrender of Lee, when it was assigned to what was known as the provisional corps, Army of the Potomac, and was mustered out at Hall's hill, Virginia, June 29, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 1,275 and it lost, by resignation 23, by discharge 383, by promotion 84, by transfer 95, by death 213, by desert1on 1ll, by dismissal 4, not accounted for 3, leaving 359 that were mustered out.

Fourth Infantry.—Colonels, James H. Simpson, William B. Hatch, William Birney, Edward L. Campbell; Lieutenant-Colonels, J. L. Kirby Smith, Barzilla Ridgway, Charles Ewing, Baldwin Hufty; Majors, Samuel Mulford, David Vickers. The 4th was organized under the provisions of an act of Congress, approved July 22, 1861. It was fully organized, equipped and officered by August 19, at which time it was mustered into the U. S. service for three years, at Camp Olden, Trenton. It left the state the next day with 38 officers, 871 non-commissioned officers and privates, a total of 909. It reached Washington on August 21, accompanied by a battery of 6 pieces, furnished by the state and commanded by Captain William Hexamer, who had been waiting for six months for an opportunity to enter the service. It was assigned to the brigade of General Kearny, then consisting of the 1st, 2nd and 3d New Jersey regiments. Immediately after the first battle of Bull Run it joined the brigade near Alexandria, and in the operations along the line of the Orange & Alexandria railroad acted as a support to the advance. Just before the battle of West Point, Virginia, the brigade relieved the troops in advance and the men lay on their arms in line of battle until daylight, when they were ordered forward, the 4th being held as a reserve. At the battle at Gaines' mill the brigade was formed in two lines, the 4U1 being in the front, and advanced to the brow of a hill, where the 4th was sent into the woods by order of an aid of General McClellan, all the brigade being engaged at the most dangerous and difficult parts of the field, until at last, wearied, bleeding, ammunition exhausted, the brigade slowly retired and crossing the bridge at 11 o'clock, reached its old camp about midnight, having sustained a total loss of over 1,000 men in killed and wounded, of whom some 500, belonging to the 4th were captured in a body, having refused to retreat from the woods when they might have done so. and continuing to fight until completely surrounded. Besides this loss in prisoners the regiment lost 38 killed and 1ll wounded. The regiment participated in the battles of Charles City cross-roads, White Oak swamp, Malvern hill. Manassas, Chantilly and Crampton's gap, the total loss of the brigade during the latter engagement being 174 in killed and wounded, Adjt. Studdiford being among the slain. It took part in the movement against Fredericksburg, hut in the Gettysburg campaign the 4th was detailed for provost duty in Washington. It was back with the brigade again in time for the spring campaign of 1864. At the battle of the Wilderness the 1st, 4th and 10th regiments, lying on the left, were several times attacked with great ferocity by the Confederates, but at nightfall still held substantially the ground occupied by them in the morning—a heavy assault by the Confederate General Gordon just at dusk being repulsed with heroic gallantry. Among the wounded in that engagement was Lieutenant-Colonel Van Syckel of the 4th. At the battle of Spottsylvania the regiment participated in the charge upon the "bloody angle," winning its share of the glory and sustaining its share of casualties. During the first eleven days of Grant's campaign against Richmond the regiment lost 26 killed, 126 wounded and 42 missing. The 4th fought at the North Anna river, Hanover Court House, Totopotomy creek, Cold Harbor, Weldon railroad, Snicker's gap, Strasburg, Winchester and Charlestown. At the battle of the Opequan the 4th was with the troops that pressed forward, swept up the opposite hill and forced back the Confederate line, obtaining permanent possession of the hill and holding it, though constantly exposed to a fire which inflicted severe loss, the 4th having 2 killed, 18 wounded and 1 missing. At Fisher's hill a private of the 4th named Beach compelled a Confederate lieutenant-colonel to surrender his sword, and there were other instances of daring no less noteworthy. After Lee's surrender the regiment was assigned to what was known as the provisional corps, Army of the Potomac, until mustered out on July 9, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 2,036, and it lost during service 29 by resignation, 319 by discharge, 83 by promotion, 81 by transfer, 257 by death, 372 by desertion, 3 by dismissal, 109 not accounted for, mustered out 783.

Fifth Infantry.—Colonels, Samuel H. Starr, William J. Sewell; Lieutenant-Colonels, Gershom Mott, John Ramsey; Majors, William S. Truex, Ashbel W. Angel. This regiment was organized under the provisions of an act of Congress, approved July 22, 1861, and was fully organized, equipped and officered by August 22, at which time it was mustered into the U. S. service at Camp Olden, Trenton, for three years. It left the state on August 29, with a full complement of men—officers, 38; non-commissioned officers and privates, 823; total, 861. Upon arrival at Washington it went into camp at Meridian hill and remained there until the early part of December, 1861, at which time it was ordered to report to General Joseph Hooker, near Budd's ferry, Maryland, where it was brigaded with the 6th, 7th and 8th New Jersey in what was known as the 3d brigade of Hooker's division. But the four regiments named were generally known as the 2nd New Jersey brigade. When Beauregard withdrew from Manassas, General Hooker, acting with his usual promptitude, determined at once to occupy the abandoned position, and in obedience to his orders, Lieutenant-Colonel Mott, on March 10, 1862, crossed the Potomac with a detail of 500 men of the 5th regiment and seized the deserted works, capturing 4 guns, together with a large quantity of shells, grape and canister, round shot, and other materials of war. The regiment participated in the siege of Yorktown; then moved to Williamsburg, where Hooker opened the fight, advancing his skirmishers on both sides of the road by which he had come up, at the same time throwing forward two batteries on the right, and sending in the 5th as their support, in which position the regiment bravely maintained its reputation. At the battle of Fair Oaks the 5th and 6th moved forward under Colonel Starr, cutting their way through a mass of panic-stricken fugitives. In this conflict, the loss of the 5th was 4 men killed. S1 wounded and 2 missing. After the action the two regiments went into camp for the night in their old position, but on the morrow advanced and occupied the ground recovered from the enemy, where they remained until June 25, being almost constantly on duty at the front. In the engagement known as the "affair" at Seven Pines, on June 25. the losses of the regiment were 2 killed, 13 wounded and 2 missing. In the series of engagements that followed, until September, 1862, the brigade suffered severely, losing at Bristoe Station 44 men in killed, wounded and missing; at Bull Run, 199 men; and at Chantilly, 5; a total of 248, of which the 5th lost 51. Going into camp at Alexandria, the brigade remained undisturbed until November 1, when Lee having been driven from Maryland, it proceeded towards Bristoe Station, where it arrived on the 4th. For the Chancellorsville campaign in the spring of 1863, the brigade crossed the Rappahannock on Friday, May 1, under command of General Mott. Two reg1ments, the 5th and 8th New Jersey, were detached to guard the pontoons, while the others were picketed along the Rappahannock to its junction with the Rapidan, and thence along that river to connect with pickets thrown out by Carr's 1st New York brigade. Soon after this dispos1tion had been made orders were received to withdraw the pickets and advance the whole division to the front; but while waiting for the 5th and 8th regiments to join the brigade. General Mott received further instructions directing him to guard the ford, Seeley's battery being placed at his disposal to aid in that duty. During the contest which followed, General Mott was wounded and Colonel Sewell, of the 5th, assumed command. The losses of the brigade during the day amounted to 378 men, and of the 5th regiment, 12 killed, 104 wounded and 9 missing. Among the killed were Lieuts. Sawyer and Moore. At the battle of Gettysburg Seeley's battery was brought up and placed in position, supported at first by another and later by the 5th regiment, lying on the side of a road directly in front. In the face of a tempest of battle-hail the regiment held its position for a time, but other regiments giving way. it was also ultimately compelled to fall back with the battery, Colonel Sewell and acting Major Healey being badly wounded. At the battle of the Wilderness, on May 5, 1864, the 2nd brigade had been advanced to an elevated position on the Brock road, where breastworks were hastily thrown up. Two regiments—the 5th and the 8th New Jersey—under command of Colonel Sewell, moved up the road to its junction with what was known as the Furnace road, where Sewell was placed in command of the skirmish line. At 5 o'clock on the morning of the 6th, the line again advanced, three regiments, the 5th, 6th and nth New Jersey, being placed under Colonel Sewell. The total losses of the regiment during the months of May and June, 1864, amounted to 16 killed, 119 wounded and 22 missing. During the months of August and September, 1864, a large number of substitutes were forwarded to the regiment and with those who had reenlisted and those whose term of service had not expired, composed what was known as the 5th battalion, retaining their organization until November 6, 1864, when they were consolidated with the 7th regiment. The regiment proper, consisting of 200 men. was mustered out September 7, 1864.

Sixth Infantry.—Colonels, James T. Hatfield, Gershom Mott, George C. Burling; Lieutenant-Colonels, Simpson R. Stroud, John P. Van Leer, Stephen R. Gilkyson; Majors, Theodore W. Baker, John Willian. This regiment was organized under the provisions of an act of Congress, approved July 22, 1861, and was fully organized, equipped and officered by August 19, at which time it was mustered into the U. S. service at Camp Olden, Trenton, for three years. It left the state on September to, with 38 officers, 860 non-commissioned officers and privates, a total of 898. Upon arrival at Washington the regiment went into camp at Meridian hill, and remained there until the early part of December, at which time it was ordered to report to General Hooker, near Budd's ferry, Maryland, where it was brigaded with the 5th, 7th and 8th New Jersey, composing what was generally known as the 2nd New Jersey brigade, the 3d brigade, Hooker's division. At the battle of Williamsburg, Virginia, the brigade was sent into the left of a road and occupied a wood in front of a line of field-works. Among the killed was Lieutenant-Colonel John P. Van Leer, and among the wounded were a large number of officers. At the battle of Fair Oaks the 5th and 6th moved forward under Colonel Starr, cutting their way through a mass of panic-stricken fugitives, the loss of the 6th being 7 killed and 14 wounded. The next morning the two regiments advanced and occupied the ground recovered from the enemy, where they remained until June 25, being almost constantly on duty at the front. In the combat at Savage Station, the New Jersey brigade was not directly engaged, but the 6th regiment had 2 men wounded by shells. At Bristoe Station Colonel Mott was badly wounded in the fore-arm, and in the series of engagements, ending at Chantilly on September 1, 1862, the regiment suffered a total loss of 104 men. Going into camp at Alexandria, the brigade remained undisturbed until November 1 when, Lee having been driven from Maryland, it proceeded towards Bristoe Station, where it arrived on the 4th, the 5th and 6th regiments being in advance. For the Chancellorsville affair in the spring of 1863, the New Jersey brigade, which at that time included the 2nd New York and 115th Penn. regiments, as well as the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th New Jersey, all under command of General Mott, crossed the Rappahannock on Friday, May 1. The losses of the 6th during the engagement amounted to 6 killed, 59 wounded and 8 missing, Colonel Burling being among the wounded. At the time of the battle of Gettysburg the 115th Pennsylvania and 2nd N. H. regiments were attached to the brigade, which was under the command of Colonel Burling, General Mott not having recovered from his wound received at Chancellorsville. At the battle of the Wilderness, at 5 o'clock in the morning of the second day, six regiments of the brigade advanced, the 5th, 6th and 11th New Jersey being placed under Colonel Sewell. In the assault at Spottsylvania the brigade was in the front line, the 6th acting as skirmishers. The total losses of the regiment during the months of May and June, 1864, amounted to 16 killed, 99 wounded, 8 missing. In August and September, 1864, a large number of recruits were forwarded to the regiment, and with those who had reenlisted and those whose term of service had not expired, were assigned to what was known as Cos. A, B and C, 6th battalion, until October 12, 1864, at which time they were transferred to and consolidated with the 8th regiment. By reason of such transfer the 6th regiment as an organization ceased to exist. The total strength of the regiment was 1485, and it lost, by resignation 26, by discharge 364, by promotion 53, by transfer 314, by death 180, by desertion 209, by dismissal 3, not accounted for 157, and 179 were mustered out at the end of the regiment's term of service.

Seventh Infantry.—Colonels, Joseph W. Revere, Louis R. Francine, Francis Price, Jr.; Lieutenant-Colonels, Ezra A. Carman, Daniel Hart; Majors, J. Dallas Mcintosh, Frederick Cooper, Charles H. Fosselman. This regiment was organized under the provisions of an act of Congress, approved July 22, 1861, and was fully organized, officered and equipped by September 3, when, although the strength of the regiment was below the maximum as required, it was mustered into the U. S. service at Camp Olden, Trenton, for three years. At the urgent request of the government that the regiment be forwarded to the seat of war, seven companies were despatched to Washington on September 19, and reported for duty the following day. The remaining three companies were recruited up to the number required and left the state on October 3, joining the regiment at Washington. The strength of the regiment then was 38 officers, 882 non-commissioned officers and privates, a total of 920. Upon arrival at Washington the regiment went into camp at Meridian hill, and remained there until the early part of December, 1861, when it was ordered to report to General Joseph Hooker, near Budd's ferry, Maryland, where it was brigaded with the 5th, 6th and 8th New Jersey and designated the 3d brigade of Hooker's division. The regiment was one of the four that composed what was generally known as the 2d New Jersey brigade. At the battle of Williamsburg, Virginia, the 6th, 7th and 8th regiments wore sent into the left of the road, occupying a wood in front of the enemy's works. Lieutenant-Colonel Carman was wounded in this action. General Hooker, in his report of the battle of Fair Oaks spoke in most emphatic terms of the gallantry of the brigade and added that the service assigned to the 7th and 8th New Jersey was performed to his entire satisfaction. In the engagement at Seven Pines, the loss of the regiment was 1 killed, 5 wounded and 1 missing. In the engagement at Bristoe Station Captain Abbott was killed and a considerable number wounded. In the series of engagements ending on September 1, 1862, the total loss of the regiment was 36. While lying at Fairfax Station, on the morning of November 22, General Patterson, commanding the brigade, died suddenly in his tent and Colonel Revere of the 7th succeeded to the command. In the Chancellorsville campaign in the spring of 1863, the New Jersey brigade, under command of General Mott, crossed the Rappahannock on Friday, May 1, and in the action which followed the 7th lost 6 killed, 43 wounded and 4 missing. At Gettysburg, on July 2, in the face of a murderous fire, the New Jersey troops held their position for a time, but were ultimately compelled to fall back, Colonel Francine and Lieutenant-Colonel Price, with many other officers, sustaining serious injuries. The total losses of the regiment during the months of May and June, 1864, amounted to 13 killed, 86 wounded and 59 missing. Among the wounded in the charge at Fort Morton, in front of Petersburg, were 2 privates of the 7th. At Hatcher's run General McAllister directed the 7th, which was the third regiment from the left of his line, formed at a different angle so as to enable it to enfilade the enemy's columns, to oblique its fire, which aided materially in driving the enemy from his position. At the Armstrong house, the 7th and 8th New Jersey regiments were ordered to the right of the division, where later in the day, when Lieutenant-Colonel Schoonover's command was attacked and driven from the works occupied in the morning, the two regiments went to his help, with the result that his line was reestablished and securely held. On June 25, 1863, a large number of the regiment reenlisted in the field for three years or during the war. Those who did not reenlist and whose term of service had expired reported by order at Trenton, New Jersey, and were mustered out on October 7, 1864. Those who remained were consolidated into the 7th battalion and so remained until November 6, 1864, at which time the 5th battalion was joined to it by transfer. The command then resumed its regimental organization, which it continued until the close of the war, being finally mustered out near Washington. D. C, July 17, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 2,906, and it lost, by resignation 30, by discharge 374, by promotion 73, by transfer 415, by death 260, by desertion 656, by dismissal 7, not accounted for 70, mustered out 1,021.

Eighth Infantry.—Colonels. Adolphus J. Johnson. John Ramsey: Lieutenant-Colonels, Thomas L. Martin, Joseph Trawin, William Ward, John Willian. Henry Hartford; Majors, Peter M. Ryerson, William A. Henry, George Hoffman, Virgil M. Healey, Louis M. Morris. This regiment was organized under the provisions of an act of Congress, approved July 22, 1861, and was fully organized, officered and equipped by September 14, at which time it was mustered into the service of the United States, for three years, at Camp Olden, Trenton. It left the state on October 1, with 38 officers, 851 non-commissioned officers and privates, a total of 889. Upon arrival at Washington it went into camp at Meridian hill, and there remained until the early part of December. 1861, when it was ordered to report to General Joseph Hooker, near Budd's ferry, Maryland, where the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th New Jersey regiments were brigaded and designated the 3d brigade of Hooker's division, generally known as the 2nd New Jersey brigade. The regiment received its initiation into actual warfare at the battle of Williamsburg, where with the 6th and 7th it was sent into a wood in front of a line of field-works. Among the killed in that battle was Major Ryerson, while among the wounded were a large number of officers, including Colonel Johnson. General Hooker, in his report of the battle of Fair Oaks, testified in the most emphatic terms to the gallantry of the brigade and added that the service assigned to the 7th and 8th in the rear was performed to his entire satisfaction. The loss of the regiment at Fair Oaks or Seven Pines was 1 killed and 6 wounded. In the engagement at Bristoe Station Lieutenant-Colonel Ward was wounded in the arm and side, and Captain J. Tuite was killed. In the series of engagements ending at Chantilly on September 1, 1862, the regiment lost 25 men. In the formation of troops for the battle of Chancellorsville, the New Jersey brigade, which at that time included the 2nd New York, 115th Pennsylvania, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th New Jersey, under command of General Mott, crossed the Rappahannock on May 1. The 5th and 8th New Jersey were detached to guard the pontoons, while the others were picketed along the Rappahannock to its junction with the Rapidan and thence along that river to connect with pickets thrown out by Carr’s 1st New York brigade. Mott received instructions directing him to guard the ford, Seeley's battery being placed at his disposal. At 6 o'clock on the morning of May 3, the battle opened with skirmishing on the left, and it soon extended along the entire front, accompanied by a hot artillery fire from the enemy, the first shot from the latter's guns killing 2 men of the 8th. At one period of the engagement, a section of artillery belonging to Dimmick's regular battery, 1st artillery, being in danger of capture, all the cannoneers and horses having been killed, General Mott despatched Captain Nichols with a detachment of the 8th to bring it off by hand. The battery was rescued, the gallant heroes of the 8th, with the brave Captain Nichols, bringing the guns safely into the lines. The losses of the regiment were 21 killed, 96 wounded and 10 missing, Colonel Ramsey being among the wounded. At the battle of the Wilderness, the brigade was advanced to a position on the Brock road, where breastworks were hastily thrown up, the 5th and 8th New Jersey, under command of Colonel Sewell, moving up the road to its junction with what was known as the Furnace road, where Sewell was placed in command of the skirmish line. The total losses of the regiment during the months of May and June, 1864, amounted to 15 killed, 140 wounded and 25 missing. In an engagement on the north bank of James river on August 16, the regiment moved forward as a forlorn hope, the object being to develop the enemy's strength, and under command of Colonel Ramsey, advanced steadily under a deadly cross-fire until it was found that it would be impossible to reach the works, when the command slowly retired. At the battle of Hatcher's run all the regiments of the brigade were behind breastworks, except the 8th, then commanded by Major Hartford, which was exposed to a galling fire, but it stood nobly to its work. The loss in the brigade was 53, ma1nly in the 8th, owing to its exposed position. At the opening of the fight at Armstrong's house the 7th and 8th New Jersey were on the right of the division. Later in the day Lieutenant-Colonel Schoonover's command was attacked and driven from the works occupied in the morning, but the 7th and 8th going to his help, his line was reestablished and securely held. At Boydton plank road an assault was made by the 11th and 8th New Jersey, with two other regiments, upon one of the Confederate works, the men advancing through heavy slashings to the crest of a hill overlooking the enemy's position, and succeeding in occupying part of his rifle-pits. On April 2 a general attack on the enemy's line was ordered, and at 8 o'clock the 8th New Jersey, advancing on the immediate front_ in the midst of a fire of musketry, shell and canister, captured the entire picket line of the enemy—165 men and 200 muskets— whereupon the 11th New Jersey and 11th Mass. were advanced and a charge was made on the main intrenchments of the Confederates, resulting in the capture of further prisoners and the occupation of the works. On June 25, 1863, a large number of the 8th reenlisted in the field, for three years or during the war, and those who did not reenlist and whose term of service had expired were mustered out at Trenton, September 21, 1864. Those who remained were consolidated into the 8th battalion and so remained until October 12, 1864, at which time the 6th battalion was joined to it by transfer. The command then resumed its regimental organization, which it continued until the close of the war, the regiment being finally mustered out at Washington, July 17, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 2,795, and it lost, by resignation 35, by promotion 56, by discharge 431, by transfer 336, by death 284, by dismissal 4, by desertion 416, not accounted for 247, mustered out, 986.

Ninth Infantry.—Colonels, Joseph W. Allen, Charles A. Heckman, Abram Zabriskie, James Stewart, Jr.; Lieutenant-Colonels, James Wilson, William B. Curlis, Samuel Hufty; Major, Thomas B. Appleget. This regiment was raised under an authorization from the war department to recruit a regiment of riflemen in the state. It was commenced in September, 1861, the first muster being made at Camp Olden, Trenton, on October 8. It remained at that camp, engaged in continuous drill, until December 4, when it proceeded to Washington, its rolls showing an aggregate of 1,152 men and officers. It received its baptism of fire at the battle of Roanoke island, N. C, where from first to last the conduct of the 9th was in the highest degree courageous. It lost in that battle o killed and 25 wounded. In the battle of New Berne, N. C, where it did gallant service, the regiment lost 4 killed and 58 wounded, one-sixth of the entire Union loss. The headquarters of the regiment remained at Newport barracks during the siege of Fort Macon, while various companies were engaged in picket duty guarding all approaches from the direction of W1lmington, and losing during the operations 9 enlisted men captured. The regiment also participated in the affair at Young's cross-roads, suffering small loss. Few achievements of the North Carolina campaign were more gallant than that of the 9th at Rawle's mill, where it crossed a burning bridge and routed the enemy strongly posted beyond. The regiment participated in the affair at Deep creek, and the engagement at Southwest creek, a preliminary to the battle of Kinston. After a combat of some two hours at Whitehall, the Confederates retired and the object being accomplished the command to which the regiment belonged resumed its march toward Goldsboro, where the 9th was one of two regiments that were engaged, and after burning a bridge at Goldsboro—the desideratum of the march to the place—the regiment resumed its march toward New Berne. In July, 1863, the 3d New York cavalry, and a portion of the 1st N. C. cavalry, having started from New Berne for the purpose of destroying the railroad at Keenansville, some 45 miles distant, General Heckman, with the 9th New Jersey, 17th, 23d and 27th Mass., 81st and 158th New York, and Belger's and Angel's batteries, marched as a support, proceeding by way of Pollocksville and Trenton to the free bridge on the river Trent, where the Confederates were encountered in some force and after a sharp fight, compelled to retreat, leaving the Federals in possession of the road and bridge, thus enabling the cavalry to cross and rejoin the infantry on their return from the point against which they were operating. Only 3 men of the 9th were wounded in that affair. The regiment also participated in the affair near Winton in the same month. The term for which the 9th had volunteered was nearing its close when, on January 21. 1864, two-thirds of the entire number reenlisted for "three years or the war," and on January 31, the men went home on a veteran furlough. During their absence those who did not reenlist were ordered on a reconnoissance to Deep creek, Virginia, where the enemy appeared in strong numbers and the little band, under command of Lieutenant Thomas Burnett, was compelled to retreat, leaving the bodies of Albert Nutt and Joel Hulse, of Co. D, in the hands of the Confederates. On April 14, "Heckman's old brigade" embarked at Portsmouth and sailed up the Chuckatuck river, landing on the following day at Cherry Grove, the enemy being met near that point and engaged by several companies of the 9th, with a loss of a number of men wounded. The regiment participated in the unequal contest at Port Walthall Junction, Virginia, and after continuing the engagement for about two hours retired, but on the following day the contest was renewed and the regiment lost in these two days of fighting 53 men in killed and wounded. The next day being Sunday, the regiment remained in camp, but on Monday morning both corps of Butler's command moved southward to Swift creek, 3 miles from Petersburg—Heckman's brigade having the advance. The loss of the 9th in the ensuing engagement was 1 man killed and 9 wounded. On the following day Heckman's brigade was not engaged, but on the 12th the whole army again advanced, encountering the enemy on the Richmond & Petersburg railroad. It being rumored that the Confederates were evacuating Fort Darling at Drewry's bluff, General Heckman despatched Captain Samuel Hufty with 100 men of the 9th to reconnoiter the enemy's position, which duty was satisfactorily performed, the party returning before daylight of the 14th with a report that the enemy still occupied the fort, their lines being established as during the prev1ous day. Then followed the battle of Drewry's bluff, in which the 9th lost heavily, over 50 per cent, of those engaged. At the commencement of the engagement the regiment had 19 officers, 13 of whom were either killed or wounded, and 3 were taken prisoners. From first to last the men fought with characteristic gallantry. Reaching the scene of action at Cold Harbor on June 3, the 9th was ordered to the front line and almost immediately became engaged. Grant having determined to pass the Chickahominy far to Lee's right, General Smith's corps gradually withdrew from its position—the £th covering the withdrawal—and marched directly to White House, where it embarked for Bermuda Hundred. The total loss of the 9th during the operations at Cold Harbor, from June 3 to 12, was 5 killed and 30 wounded. On the morning of June 16 the brigade moved out from its breastworks, charged and entered the Confederate fortifications, which it held during the day, the 9th participating in several skirmishes, and on retiring burned all the buildings which had been used by Beauregard as headquarters and for other purposes. On June 21 the 9th crossed the Appomattox and took possession of the rifle-pits beyond the City Point & Petersburg railroad, where on the day following it assisted in repelling a charge of the enemy, losing 1 man killed. It remained in the works some days longer, participating in several sharp conflicts brought on by the enemy, who was in all cases repulsed. There in the front line the regiment remained, with brief intervals of relief in the second line, until July 29, losing several men, but not having any pitched engagement. On the 29th marching orders were received and the command proceeded to a new position to act as a reserve to the 9th corps in front of which the "Burnside Mine" was exploded on the 30th. A day or two afterward it returned to its position and again went into its intrenchments, remaining for a fortnight exposed to a steady fire from the enemy. On August 16, Major Hufty was wounded in the left arm, and the staff of the regimental state colors was cut down by Confederate sharpshooters—nine bullets passing through the colors. On October 21, 108 men of the 9th, whose term of service had expired, left the camp for Trenton, where they were mustered out. The regiment having been transferred to North Carolina, on December 9, with detachments of several other regiments and 2 pieces of artillery, advanced from Plymouth in the direction of Gardner's bridge, where the enemy's cavalry was met in some force. The 9th, with the gallant Stewart at its head, charged on a double-quick, speedily dispersing the Confederates, who left several of their wounded behind. The following day a fierce engagement lasting over an hour took place at Foster's bridge, when the enemy again withdrew, destroying the bridge as he retired. In this affair the 9th had 2 men wounded, but took a number of prisoners, including a lieutenant, who took the oath and followed the column for several days. The regiment also took a prominent part in the engagement al Butler's bridge on the day following. Advanc1ng on the line of the railroad leading to Goldsboro, the command on March 7, 1865, reached a point 5 miles east of Southwest creek, where the enemy was encountered in strong force, and a sharp skirmish ensued, the 9th being engaged during the entire day. That n1ght the regiment fell back half a mile, joining the line of battle, where it remained during the following day behind hastily constructed breastworks. In the night fighting was renewed, the enemy, late in the afternoon, making seven distinct charges on the Union left, resting on Wise's Forks, but was each time repulsed. The 9th on this day was ubiquitous, moving rapidly from one point to another—at one time repulsing a charge on the left, at another returning on the double-quick to the center, charging the foe—being ever in the thickest of the conflict and always at the very front. The following day a force of eleven brigades charged in solid column several times in succession, but their desperate assaults were fruitless, the Federal line standing as immovable as a wall of granite. The loss of the regiment amounted to 1 officer and 9 men wounded. At Goldsboro the enemy had a force of 1,500 cavalry and 225 infantry. Brisk skirmishing was commenced, but the Confederates were steadily driven, the 9th pushing forward with resistless velocity in its eager desire to enter the city, and its was the first Federal flag raised over Goldsboro. The war soon closed and the regiment was mustered out of service at Greensboro, N. C, July 12, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 2,701, and it lost, by resignation 36, by discharge 352, by promotion 48, by transfer 537, by death 254, by desertion 167, by dismissal 1, not accounted for 36, mustered out, 1,270.

Tenth Infantry.—Colonels, William Bryan, William R. Murphy, Henry O. Ryerson; Lieutenant-Colonels, John W. Wright, William S. Truex Charles H. Tay, John D. Johnson; Majors, Mathew W. Berriman, Daniel Lodor, Jr., Henry A. Perrine, James W. McNeely. This regiment was organized under the provisions of an act of Congress, approved July 22, 1861, and by authority issued by the war department direct to private individuals resident of the state, and not in any way under the control or supervision of the state authorities. Under the authority thus given, recruiting was commenced and the organization soon completed. It was then accepted by the war department as an independent organization, having been designated the "Olden Legion." The regiment went into camp at Beverly, New Jersey, and from thence proceeded to Washington on December 26, 1861, with 35 officers, 883 non-commissioned officers and privates, a total of 918. It went into camp at Camp Clay on the Bladensburg turnpike, a mile from Washington. On January 29, 1862, the regiment was transferred to the state authorities and it was then thoroughly reorganized and designated the 10th regiment. The greater part of its early service was performed in and around Washington, having been assigned there for provost duty. On April 12. 1863, it was detached and proceeded to Suffolk, Virginia, to assist in repelling a demonstration by the enemy at that point. Coming up with the enemy at Carrsville, near the Blackwater, the 10th speedily became engaged, capturing some prisoners and inflicting considerable loss on the retreating foe, the regiment losing several men in killed and wounded. During the following winter, which was spent in the mining regions of Pennsylvania, many of the organization reenlisted and the regiment was otherwise recruited, but to such an extent were desertions instigated by the people of that section, that the colonel, who was anxious to be united with the Army of the Potomac, urged the department to place his command in the held. It shared in all the battles of the Wilderness campaign all the way to Petersburg, on every field displaying conspicuous gallantry. In the battle of the Wilderness it suffered severely, especially in the assault of the Confederate General Gordon late on May 6. In the engagement resulting from this assault, the regiment lost nearly one entire company in prisoners alone. On the evening of the 8th it again met the foe, when the regiment on its left became in some way separated from it and the two be1ng thus isolated, were pounced upon by the enemy with great force, compelling them to give way, with heavy loss—the loth having 8o men and several officers captured, including Colonel Tay, the prisoners being taken to the rear and the next day started for Richmond, but were fortunately on the same day rescued from the hands of their guards by General Sheridan, at Beaver Dam Station. The total loss of the regiment up to this time, aside from prisoners, had been 113—18 killed and 95 wounded. In the fighting along the Po river the 10th shared with the brigade, and at Cold Harbor again suffered largely, being in the first day's engagement in the third line of battle, and losing some 70 in killed and wounded. In the assault upon the enemy's position the regiment charged alone at a peculiarly exposed point and sustained heavy loss, amounting in all to some 65 in killed and wounded. On August 15 it participated in a sharp picket skirmish near Strasburg, and two days afterward took part in the battle of Winchester, assisting to hold the whole of Early's army in check for a period of six hours. The regiment not only lost considerably in killed and wounded, but also in prisoners, Colonel Tay being again captured, with 115 men of the brigade. At the close of this affair, the 10th, which crossed the Rapidan in May with 600 men, had only 80 men left for duty—a fact which exhibits more forcibly than any words the severity of the experience which it had been called upon to undergo. In the subsequent battles in the Shenandoah Valley the regiment, feeble as it was, bravely maintained its reputation. During the winter of 1864-65, having with the brigade rejoined the army before Petersburg and being largely recruited, it participated in the various movements which resulted so detrimentally to the enemy and in the grand assault of April 2 rendered distinguished service. When the Confederate flag went down at Appomattox, the regiment turned its face homeward, reaching the vicinity of Washington, 450 strong, on June 2, and was mustered out of service at Hall's hill, Virginia, June 22, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 2,584, and it lost, by resignation 20, by discharge 293, by promotion 69, by transfer 162, by death 274, by desertion 748, by dismissal 1, not accounted for 138, mustered out 879.

Eleventh Infantry.—Colonel, Robert McAllister; Lieutenant-Colonels, Stephen Moore, John Schoonover; Majors, Valentine Mutchler, Philip J. Kearny, Thomas J. Halsey. This regiment, of which Robert McAllister was appointed colonel on June 30, 1862, left Trenton on Aug 25, following, and reported at Washington at noon on the 26th. On the morning of December 12 the regiment was ordered to move by a circuitous route down to the vicinity of Fredericksburg, for the purpose of guarding the pontoon bridge at Franklin's crossing, where it remained until the morning of the 14th, when it crossed the river under orders from General Carr and took pos1tion in the second line of battle, being shortly afterward sent forward to the front line to relieve the 26th Pennsylvania, two companies being despatched to take the place of the pickets of the regiment thus relieved. While thus engaged the regiment sustained a loss of 2 enlisted men killed, 4 wounded and 6 missing. Towards daybreak on May 3, 1863, at Chancellorsville, under orders from General Carr, the 11th formed in line of battle with its left resting on the plank road and the line at right angles with it, the 11th Mass. taking position on the right. Subsequently an assault caused the regiment's right to fall back, but the men were rallied and the 11th stoutly held its position, forming a connecting link between the third line and the battery on the road, as well as with Mott's brigade. Retiring slowly across the road, delivering a steady fire as they went, they presently united with other Jersey troops and then, in a grand burst of enthusiasm, charged upon the pursuing Confederates, driving them from the trenches they had just taken. These could not be held, however, and the regiment slowly retired to another line of defense near General Hooker's headquarters, where it acted for a time as a support to the artillery. At this point 3 men in one company were killed by a shot from the enemy. The 11th reached its brigade and took position behind a fortified line, where it remained, having several lines in its front, until the following day, the enemy having abandoned his attempt in that part of the field, or rather, failed to pursue. The 11th had lost heavily—20 killed and 113 wounded—but its heroic deeds had made it a name which would be imperishable, and that thought lent a halo even to the hour of disaster. At Gettysburg, on July 2, Colonel McAllister was seriously wounded, Captains Kearney, Martin, Logan and Ackerman were killed, and nearly all the remaining officers were either severely or slightly wounded, while the ranks were terribly thinned by the fire of the enemy, the losses in the regiment being 3 commissioned officers killed and 10 wounded, 21 enlisted men killed and 120 wounded, making a total of 154. On July 17 the regiment recrossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry and took part in the engagement at Wapping heights, but suffered no casualties. On November 7, the corps crossed the Rappahannock river at Kelly's ford and engaged the enemy, taking a considerable number ot prisoners. At Locust Grove the loss in the regiment was 6 killed, 20 wounded, 2 missing and 2 taken prisoners. From the spring of 1864 forward the regiment shared in all of the engagements in which the 2nd New Jersey brigade participated, fully maintaining the high reputation it had already achieved. In the terrible battle of Spottsylvania and the operations before Petersburg it was ever conspicuous for bravery and all eminent soldierly qualities, never turning its back upon the foe, always eager to vindicate the honor of the flag under which it fought. Upon the termination of hostilities it marched to Washington, and on June 15, 1865, reached Trenton, where as an organization it ceased to exist. The total strength of the regiment was 1,840, and it lost, by resignation 24, by discharge 230, by promotion 47, by transfer 324, by death 233, by desertion 451, by dismissal 5, not accounted for 59, mustered out, 467.

Twelfth Infantry.—Colonels. Robert C. Johnson, J. Howard Willetts, John Willian; Lieutenant-Colonels, Thomas H. Davis, Richard S. Thompson; Majors, John T. Hill, Henry F. Chew, Edward M. Dubois. This regiment was raised under the second call of the president for 300,000 men, Robert C. Johnson, of Salem, formerly major of the 4th regiment (3 months' men), being commissioned as colonel early in July, 1862. Woodbury, Gloucester county, was selected as the rendezvous, and on July 25 the first detachment of troops, about 950 men, was mustered into the U. S. service. Many of the officers had already seen service in other regiments, but comparatively few of the men were familiar with military duties or requirements, though all entered cheerfully upon the work of preparing for the duties before them. On September 7 the regiment left the state for Washington, but at Baltimore was diverted from its course by General Wool, commanding that district, who ordered it to proceed to Ellicott City, the county seat of Howard county. Maryland, 15 miles from Baltimore on the line of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad. At Chancellorsville, on May 3, 1863, the regiment received its first taste of actual warfare. It behaved with great gallantry, though the loss was severe, amounting to 179 in killed, wounded and missing. Although under arms during the two succeeding days and nights, 1t was not again engaged, and on the night of the 5th it recrossed the Rappahannock and proceeded to its old camp, having in its first battle lost over one-tenth of its men. Soon after reaching the field at Gettysburg on July 2, Co. I was sent out on the skirmish line, but the combat not yet being opened, only two or three casualties were sustained. In the afternoon a house and barn standing about 200 yards west of the Emmitsburg road and nearly equidistant from either army having been occupied as a cover by the Confederate sharpshooters, Cos. B, H, E and G were sent out to dislodge them, which they did, capturing 6 commissioned officers and 80 men, but with considerable loss, Captain Horsfall of Co. E, a brave officer, being killed, and Lieutenant Eastwick wounded. During the fearful infantry contest of the following day the regiment was actively engaged, but only lost 5 or 6 men killed and 1 officer and 30 men wounded. On October 14, when near Auburn mills, some 2 miles east of Warrenton, the Confederate cavalry made an attack upon the corps of which the regiment was a part, evidently hoping to capture its train, but they were repulsed with loss and the corps continued its retreat toward Centerville, the point which Lee was straining every nerve to reach in advance of the Union troops. In the engagement at Bristoe Station, which lasted for 3 or 4 hours, several men of the 12th were wounded, Lieutenant Lowe, of Co. G, being among the number. In the skirmishes at Mine Run the regiment did not sustain any casualties, although under fire on several occasions. In The affair at Morton's ford, some 10 men of the regiment were wounded, but only 1 fatally. At the battle of the Wilderness, although not engaged as a whole, the regiment suffered considerably, Lieutenant John M. Fogg, of Co. H, being killed, while Lieutenant Frank M. Riley, of Co. K, and several others were wounded. Two days later the regiment lost heavily, Lieutenant-Colonel Davis and Captains Chew and Potter being among the wounded. In the magnificent assault at Spottsylvania, wh1ch resulted in the capture of over 3,000 prisoners and some 30 guns, the 12th again suffered severely, Lieutenant-Colonel Davis' being instantly killed while bravely leading the regiment; Captain H. M. Brooks and Lieutenant E. P. Phipps were severely wounded and were obliged to quit the service in consequence. In the assault at Cold Harbor the loss of the regiment was severe, Captain McCoomb, commanding the regiment, being mortally wounded by the explosion of a shell, which also killed or wounded several privates. Up to June 16 the total loss of the regiment in this memorable campaign had been some 250 killed, wounded or missing—a large proportion of the wounded being officers. From this time forward the regiment was in position at various points on the line, and in July it participated in the movement and affair at Strawberry Plains and Deep Bottom, on the north side of the James. Thence, by a forced march, it returned to the Petersburg front, arriving in time to support the assault at the explosion of the mine, July 30, though not actually engaged. It participated in the second movement to Deep Bottom, charging the enemy's picket line under Captains Chew and Acton, and upon returning marched to the extreme left flank of the Army of the Potomac, whence it _ was marched to Reams' station, on the Weldon railroad, where the 1st division of the corps had preceded it. In the severe action at the latter place Lieutenant-Colonel Thompson, commanding the regiment, was severely wounded and Lieuts. Rich and Stratton were killed. After the action at Reams' station the regiment was in various positions along the Petersburg front, Fort Hell on the Jerusalem plank road. Fort Morton, and at other points, until late in October, when it moved out and participated in the action known as the battle of the Boydton road, where it lost 4 killed and 9 wounded—including Captain T. O. Slater. In the winter of 1864-65 it took part in the various actions at Hatcher's run, where in one instance it charged across the run, waist deep, and took the enemy's works, upon which its color-bearer, Ellwood Griscom, was the first to plant the national colors. It was present in the movements of the army preceding the main assault on the Petersburg defenses; took part in the assault, under the command of Major Chew, and aided in the various actions during Lee's retreat until his surrender. It returned, via Richmond, to Bailey's crossroads, in front of Washington, where in June, 1865, the old battalion of the regiment was mustered out of service, and in July the remainder of the regiment. Its total strength was 1,899, and it lost, by resignation 14, by discharge 171, by promotion 56, by transfer 206, by death 261, by desertion 216, by dismissal 3, not accounted for 29, mustered out, 943.

Thirteenth Infantry.—Colonel, Ezra A. Carman; Lieutenant-Colonels, Robert S. Swords, Samuel Chadwick, John Grimes, Frederick H. Harris; Majors, George A. Beardsley, David A. Ryerson. This regiment was mustered in at Camp Frelinghuysen, near Newark, August 25, 1862, and remained in camp until the 31st, when it started for Washington, reaching that city on September 2 and being at once sent into camp near Fort Richardson, Arlington Heights. Its first engagement was at the battle of Antietam, where the entire loss of the regiment was 7 killed, 70 wounded (of whom 11 afterward died) and 25 missing. At Chancellorsville it behaved admirably throughout, again showing that it was made of royal stuff. The loss of the regiment in killed and wounded during the three days' fighting was some 130, being nearly one-half the number taken into battle. At Gettysburg the 13th—its splendid fighting qualities being now universally recognized—was again placed, with Colonel Carman in command, in a peculiarly exposed position, but though on duty for 14 hours lost only 21 men—1 killed and 20 wounded. In the fall of 1863 the regiment was transferred to Tennessee and in the following spring started with Sherman's army upon the Atlanta campaign. The first serious engagement in which it participated was that of Resaca, and although the men of the regiment fought with great steadiness throughout, the loss was much less than might have been expected, amounting to 4 killed and 23 wounded. Pushing forward in pursuit, the 20th corps came up with the enemy posted in fortifications, upon the hills south of Cassville, where the skirmishers of the regiment again became engaged, but without any serious loss. At Dallas, the 1st division was ordered to the left to reinforce Geary, the 13th being by order of General Hooker deployed on the right of the line as skirmishers, and it soon drove in that part of the enemy's line, with a loss of only 6 men wounded, including Lieutenant-Colonel Grimes and Lieutenant George Baitzel, of Co. C—the former wounded in the hand and the latter in the left arm. The 13th was then pushed steadily forward, fighting as it advanced and losing several men, including Lieutenant Peter M. Ryerson, of Co. C, who was mortally wounded on June 16. At the battle of Kolb's farm, sheltered by hastily-constructed breastworks, the regiment escaped without the loss of a single man killed, and only 6 were wounded. The regiment had 2 men killed at Nancy's creek and at Peachtree creek it lost 6. It was on constant duty during the siege of Atlanta, the loss of the regiment in the campaign which ended in the capture of the besieged city being 100 in killed and wounded. At Sandersville, Georgia, the regiment had 3 men wounded, one only slightly, and was very highly complimented for its conduct in the affair. When nearing Savannah the regiment formed in line in a swamp, in water from one to two feet deep, and when orders were given the men advanced with a yell in face of a galling fire from the Confederate guns, but the enemy soon evacuated the works and escaped towards Savannah, only 2 or 3 prisoners being taken. In the entire march and campaign from Atlanta to and including the capture of Savannah, the regiment lost only 6 men, 3 wounded and 3 captured. At Averasboro, N. C, the 13th passed through a deep swamp, driving the Confederate skirmishers rap1dly into their works and halting some 200 yards from their position, where a line of earthworks was hastily thrown up after a severe engagement in which it lost 2 men killed and 22 wounded, many of the latter severely. At Bentonville, the last battle of the war in which Sherman's army participated, the conduct of the 13th was of the most gallant character. On June 26 the last man of the command was mustered out, and the regiment, which on so many fields had fought bravely and well for the flag of the Fathers, ceased to exist. The total strength of the 13th was 1438, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 32, by discharge 152, by promotion 49, by transfer 410, by death 106, by desertion 178, not accounted for 1, mustered out, 510.

Fourteenth Infantry.—Colonel, William S. Truex; Lieut-Colonels, Caldwell K. Hall, Jacob J. Janeway; Majors, Peter Vredenburgh, Jr., John C. Patterson. This regiment was mustered into the service of the United States on August 26, 1862, and left Freehold for the field, 950 strong, on September 2. At Monocacy Junction, Maryland, the regiment remained inactive for 9 months, but on July 9, 1863, it joined the main army, whose fortunes it shared from that time forward to the close of the war. On Oct . 30, it moved forward with its corps, encamping near Bealeton Station, Virginia, until November 7, when it advanced to the Rappahannock, along which the enemy was constructing formidable works, and with the other troops engaged effected a crossing, driving the enemy from the river with considerable loss. But the first actual engagement of the regiment was at Locust Grove, where it fought with great steadiness throughout, and suffered a loss of 16 killed and 58 wounded—its first losses in battle. At the Wilderness the 14th was engaged for several hours, fighting gallantly and losing heavily. Upon emerging from the Wilderness, Warren's corps became actively engaged on May 8 with Longstreet's veterans, who sought to delay its progress, and the 6th corps going to its relief late in the afternoon, the 14th again went into action, the enemy being driven back with a loss of 1,500 men. During the engagement at Hanover Court House the regiment was on the skirmish line, and lost several in killed and wounded—Orderly Black, of Co. I, being shot through the heart and instantly killed, while Colonel Truex was slightly wounded in the hand, but did not leave the field. At Cold Harbor the regiment suffered severely, losing in 2 hours 240 in killed and wounded— Lieuts. Stults of Co. H, and Tingley of Co. E, being among the former. In the operations before Petersburg, on June 23, a large force of the enemy suddenly appeared on the scene and struck the corps a heavy blow on the flank, inflicting considerable loss, the 14th, which became actively engaged, losing some 40 men in killed and prisoners. Being sent with other troops into Maryland to resist Early, it took part in the battle of Monocacy the whole number of casualties in the 14th as returned to the adjutant-general, being 10 killed, 69 wounded and 5 missing. At the battle of the Opequan the 3d division of the 6th corps lost heavily, the 14th alone losing 7 killed, 62 wounded and 1 missing. At Fisher's hill the casualties in the 14th numbered 10 killed and 30 wounded. In the fight at Cedar creek the regiment, which was commanded by Captain Janeway, again lost heavily—Adjt. Ross being among the killed. In the final engagement at Petersburg, April 2, 1865, the regiment from first to last fought with the greatest bravery and to it, equally with the most efficient regiment of the corps, belongs the credit of the magnificent success of that glorious day. Sailors' creek was the last engagement in which the 14th, now reduced to about 100 men, participated. On June 8 the corps was reviewed at Washington and on the 19th the 14th was formally mustered out, proceeding on the following day to Trenton, where, on the 29th, the men who had shared so many perils together, and for nearly three years had "endured hardness like good soldiers" for the Nation's sake, received their final pay, exchanged farewells and separated into the old familiar paths of peace, wherefrom their feet had been lured only at the call of solemn and imperious duty. The total strength of the regiment was 1,384, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 20, by promotion 46, by discharge 159, by transfer 303, by death 248, by desertion 97, by dismissal 1, mustered out, 510.

Fifteenth Infantry.—Colonels, Samuel Fowler, William H. Penrose; Lieutenant-Colonel, Edward L. Campbell; Majors, James M. Brown, Daniel R. Burrell, Lambert Boeman, Ebenezer W. Davis. This regiment was organized at Flemington in July and August, 1862. Three companies were recruited in Sussex county, two in Warren, two in Hunterdon, two in Morris and one in Somerset, and all were composed of men of superior physical strength and capacities for endurance. The regiment was mustered into the U. S. service on August 25, and on the 27th left for Washington, numbering 925 officers and men, Colonel Samuel Fowler commanding. At Bakersville, Maryland, it was assigned to the 1st brigade, 1st division, 6th army corps, and henceforth part1cipated in the hardships, battles and triumphs of the Army of the Potomac. At the battle of Fredericksburg the regiment was stationed along the line of the railroad, keeping up a musketry fire and now and then charging upon the enemy. The total loss in the regiment here was about 30. Its next engagement was at Chancellorsville, where it charged gallantly through a thick wood, found the enemy advantageously posted behind a wall and ditch, but with a royal courage the 15th bravely faced all obstacles and maintained the fight until 8 p. m., when, owing to a want of concert of action, it was compelled to fall back, having lost 150 in killed, wounded and missing. The regiment was present at the battle of Gettysburg, though not actively engaged. Then following the enemy it came upon his rear-guard near Fairfield on July 5, and a sharp skirmish followed. The pursuit was continued for several days and near Hagerstown there was a skirmish in which 2 men of the regiment were wounded, 1 by a bullet through the foot, and Jacob O. Burdett through both thighs. The regiment marched with the army to Centerville and back again to the Rappahannock; was present, though not engaged, at the capture of Rappahannock Station; and after the Mine Run movement went into winter-quarters 2 miles from Brandy Station. May 5, 1864, found it in the Wilderness and the sounds of battle where Warren had come into collision with Ewell's corps, soon brought the order hastening the 6th corps to his support. Several men of the regiment were wounded and Leonard Decker of Co. D was killed. On the following day the line was broken on the right and the enemy penetrated to the rear, but the men of the t5th held an advanced and isolated position till midnight, when, without loss they followed the rest of the army to a new line in the rear. By 10 a. m. on the 7th, the works on the new line had been made very strong, and though the enemy felt the line in front and drove in a part of the skirmish line, by which 3 men were wounded, and John Brogan of Co. A was killed, no real advantage was gained. About noon on May 8. the regiment reached the field of action at Spottsylvania Court House, meeting many of the 5th corps going in squads to the rear. On the following day it moved gallantly forward, charging at a double-quick, and had it been properly supported the victory must have been complete, but overwhelmed, it slowly fell back, having lost in all 101 men. However, it had performed one of the most gallant achievements of the campaign and in that thought the survivors found some compensation for their sufferings, as, exhausted and worn, they withdrew from the scene of combat. At noon of the 9th, the regiment again moved, marching to the right, but did not become actively engaged, though three companies were stationed on the skirmish line and the whole command was much exposed. On the 10th the regimental position was no less exposed, but the command bravely held its own against the onsets of the enemy, losing in all 20 men. On the 12th the regiment dashed through the abatis before the Confederate works, swept over a portion of the breastworks, which for a time it stoutly held, driving out the Confederates, or bayoneting those who tenaciously clung to the position. But the regiment was forced to fall back and when Colonel Campbell gathered his shattered battalion only 75 were found. Forty bodies, or nearly one-fifth of the whole regiment, lay on the breastwork, in the ditch or on the narrow open space in front. From this time until May 24, the regiment was moved backward and forward, from the center to the left of the army, occasionally skirmishing with the enemy and losing a few men. It had broken camp on the 4th with 15 officers and 429 muskets, and was now reduced to 6 officers and 136 muskets. From May 21 to June 1 it was kept in motion most of the time with an occasional loss on the skirmish line, being present at the battle of the North Anna and other places of conflict. When the 6th corps charged at Cold Harbor 25 of the regiment were killed or wounded—Sergt.-Major A. V. Wyckoff being among the former. On a little hillock captured in this charge the regiment remained for the greater part of the next ten days, though from it many never came alive. On June 19 it reached the outer defenses of Petersburg, where it remained, with the exception of a march to Reams' station, until the night of July 9, when it proceeded to the James river and took steamer for Washington, going thence to the Shenandoah Valley. Nothing of particular importance occurred until August 15, when it was assaulted at Strasburg and lost 9 men. On the 17th it skirmished all day through Newtown and Winchester, the brigade forming the rearguard of the army. In this action the regiment lost 61 men in killed and missing. On the 21st the enemy assaulted the lines at Charlestown, whither the army troops had retired, and a number of men were lost. At the battle of the Opequan the regiment suffered severely, losing nearly 50 in killed and wounded. On the 21st the regiment had a skirmish with the enemy, in which 2 men were killed and 15 wounded. At Fisher's hill, whither Early had retreated, the brigade moved to the right and at 4 o'clock p. m. assaulted and captured the Confederate works, the regiment displaying great gallantry. It also performed with its usual gallantry at the battle of Cedar creek, and thereafter it was never again heav1ly engaged, though in the final assault upon the enemy's works at Petersburg, April 2, 1865, it carried itself with conspicuous courage, suffering, however, only a trifling loss. Upon Lee's surrender it was sent to Danville, whence it proceeded to Washington late in May, and subsequently to Trenton, where it was finally disbanded. The total strength of the regiment was 1,871, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 26, by discharge 197, by promotion 76. by transfer 619, by death 361, by desertion 108, by dismissal 2, not accounted for 66, mustered out, 416.

First Cavalry.—Colonels, William Halsted, Percy Wyndham, John W. Kester, Hugh H. Janeway. Myron H. Beaumont; Lieutenant-Colonels, Julius H. Alexander. Joseph Karge, Virgil Broderick. Walter R. Robbins; Majors. Henry O. Halsted, Ivins D. Jones. Alexander M. Cummings, John H. Shelmire, Henry W. Sawyer, James H. Hart, William Harper, William H. Hick. On August 4, 1861, the president of the United States issued an order authorizing Hon. William Halsted, of Trenton, to raise a regiment of volunteer cavalry from the state of New Jersey. The order limited the time for recruiting to ten days, but there was afterward an extension of ten days additional. Mr. Halsted had been for many years a prominent member of the bar of the state; had attained considerable political eminence; was at one time a member of Congress, but now approaching his 70th year, he scarcely possessed the activity and physical strength requisite for the cavalry service. Governor Olden, for this and other reasons, declined to recognize the regiment as part of the state contingent of volunteers and it was consequently recruited under wholly independent auspices. But whatever judgment may be pronounced upon the capacity of the colonel to command, he certainly proved that he possessed the ability to raise the regiment. On August 24, the first four companies, under command of Major M. H. Beaumont, arrived in Washington, and a week afterward six other companies were brought in by Colonel Halsted himself—the whole going into camp on Meridian hill. Being ordered to the Valley of Virginia, with many of the horses unshod, over stony roads and through heavy mire, often along hillsides, giving up the road to others, the regiment pushed steadily on, passing all other forces, and in five days reached Strasburg, where about 150 Confederate stragglers were captured. The regiment did heroic service at the battle of Woodstock, and also fought at Harrisonburg. It had left Fredericksburg about 800 strong, and was now reduced to less than half that number, but those who remained were as full of daring as was their gallant leader. At Harrisonburg the Federal forccs were defeated, an event that was repeated two days later at the battle of Cross Keys, in which the regiment also participated. It was then advanced to the Rapidan, and no movement of any moment being made, remained there, sk1rmishing successfully every day, 12 miles from any support, while the enemy again took the offensive. The regiment was engaged at the battle of Cedar mountain, where its steadiness saved the day, as it delayed the forces of the enemy who might otherwise have turned the Federal left. The engagement was a brief one, and the number of the wounded was very large, though the 1st regiment lost only 11 men. With the 2nd New York it was engaged in a skirmish near Brandy Station, in which the enemy was driven back with loss. The regiment also took part in the fight at Rappahannock Station and after it was over, of the 250 Jerseymen engaged 40 did not answer to their names. The regiment supported the left in the fight from Centerville to Fairfax Court House, only the skirmishers, however, having any work to do. The next engagement of importance in which the regiment participated was the drawn battle with Stuart at Aldie, and though not 20 men were lost on both sides in the action, its results were such as to entitle it to mention in the regimental history. In April, 1863, the New Jersey regiment, while on the road to Orange Springs, surprised and charged a small party of the enemy, capturing their major and several other prisoners. The regiment was also engaged in the noted cavalry fight at Brandy Station, and it is enough to say in illustration of the severity of that engagement, that out of 39 horses in the second squadron 27 were left on the field, and of 280 officers and men in action, 6 officers and over 5o men were killed, wounded or missing. At Gettysburg, on the afternoon of July 2, an assault was made upon the position occupied by the regiment, but it was easily repulsed and at night the cavalry brigade fell back upon the Baltimore pike to bivouac until the morrow, when it contributed to the victory. On July 5, in the mountain passes above Emmitsburg, the 1st New Jersey cavalry was sharply and successfully engaged, and on the 6th it had another contest. On the 14th, having been daily engaged in arduous duty, the regiment crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry and finding the 12th Virginia. cavalry in possession of the country beyond advanced against it, capturing its colonel. At the battle of Sulphur Springs the regiment came out of the remarkable contest with the loss, wonderfully small under the circumstances, of 4 officers and 30 men, though 7 officers and 130 men had their horses killed or wounded, so that the casualties amounted to nearly one-half of the force engaged. Two days later, shortly after passing the headquarters of the army, the regiment ran into the pickets of a Confederate brigade and drove them into the advance of the 2nd corps, by whom they were captured. At the battle of Parker's store the loss of the regiment was more severe than that of any other engaged, and in the death of Lieut . Jamison, who was killed in the engagement, it gave to the country one of the most zealous and efficient officers in the service. The entire loss of the regiment in the brilliant affair at Todd's tavern on May 5, 1864, was 6 men killed and 2 officers and 41 men wounded. The following day the 1st was not engaged, but on the 7th the whole of the Confederate cavalry having been thrown across the Po river the hostile forces became fiercely engaged. On May 9 the whole cavalry corps moved south in the direction of Richmond, the 1st New Jersey having the rear of the column. Early on the morrow, the Confederates assaulted the line, but were held in check by the 1st New Jersey, and the whole force crossed the North Anna. Nine companies of the regiment were engaged at Haw's shop, and the total loss of these companies was 64 in killed and wounded, 11 being officers. At Trevilian Station 100 men of the regiment engaged two regiments and a section of artillery with comparatively few casualties and came out of the contest with honors. In the sharp fight at Deep Bottom, in July, in which the 1st New Jersey cavalry participated, the enemy was repulsed with serious loss, but he carried away with him one of the guns. With the engagement at Reams' station the 1st New Jersey cavalry terminated the period of its original enlistment and on September 1 the men whose term of service had expired embarked at City Point for home, reaching Trenton a week later, but leaving the regiment as an organization still in the field, its honors being duly inherited by the hundreds of reenlisted men and supported by its numerous recruits. During the three years now expired it had lost 6 officers and 29 enlisted men killed, and 18 officers and 76 enlisted men wounded. The regiment participated in another engagement at Reams' station in September, and during the fight on the Vaughn road its losses amounted to 4 killed, 7 wounded and 1 missing. At the battle of Bellefield Station, Virginia, the casualties amounted to 4 killed, 11 wounded and 4 missing. At last the hour struck when the regiment was to move out for the last time against the columns of the enemy. It participated in the actions at Dinwiddie Court House, Hatcher's run. before Petersburg, Five Forks, Chamberlain's creek, Amelia Springs, Jetersville, Sailors' creek, Farmville and Appomattox Court House, being present at Lee's surrender. Its campaigns then being ended, it proceeded to Trenton, where it was finally dissolved. The total strength of the regiment was 3,317, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 42, by discharge 320, by promotion 139, by transfer 455, by death 298, by desertion 453, by dismissal 5, not accounted for 238, mustered out, 1,367. (This regiment was also known as the 16th New Jersey volunteers.)

Seventeenth Regiment.—(See First Regiment Militia.)

Eighteenth Regiment.—(See Second Regiment Militia.)

Nineteenth Regiment.—(See Third Regiment Militia.)

Twentieth Regiment.—(See Fourth Regiment Militia.) Twenty-first Infantry.—Colonel, Gilliam Van Houten; Lieutenant-Colonel, Isaac S. Mettler; Major, Hiram Van Buskirk. This regiment was organized at Trenton, in August, 1862, and was composed of eight companies from Hudson county and two from Mercer county. Being organized, armed and equipped in about ten days, it was mustered into the U. S. service on September 15, and the next day took its departure for Washington. Immediately upon reaching headquarters it was attached to the 3d brigade, 2nd division, 6th corps, with which it served during its entire term of enlistment (9 months), sharing the privations and hardships, and participating in all the engagements in which that famous corps took part during the nine months following. At the battle of Fredericksburg the regiment was assigned as a support to Wier's battery on the Bowling Green road, and this trying position it held from the afternoon of December 11 until the morning of December 15, during the whole of the hard-fought and desperate engagements. Although it was under a severe cross-fire of the enemy's artillery, it had but 6 or 8 men wounded. On the evening of May 2, 1863, the corps moved forward to attack the Confederates at Chancellorsville and during that night the regiment was engaged, supporting the skirmish line in driving the enemy to his entrenchments. In the engagement at Salem Church, which immediately followed, the regiment lost heavily, in both officers and men, killed, wounded and prisoners. In the skirmish at Franklin's crossing the regiment lost 1 man killed—shot through the head by the enemy's sharpshooters while on the skirmish line. This ended the f1ghting of the 21st, and soon after the action it was ordered to Trenton, its term of service having expired. Reaching Trenton about June 15, it was reviewed by Governor Parker, handsomely entertained by a public dinner given by the citizens and presided over by the mayor, and soon afterward was mustered out and the men returned to their homes. The total strength of the regiment was 1,004, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 3, by discharge 31, by promotion 4, by transfer 3, by death 51, by desertion 44, by dismissal 3, not accounted for 1, mustered out, 864.

Twenty-second Infantry.—Colonel, Abraham G. Demarest; Lieutenant-Colonels, Alexander Douglas, Abraham Van Emburgh; Major, Samuel D. Demarest. This regiment, composed almost exclusively of volunteers from the county of Bergen, was mustered into service at Trenton on September 22, 1862, and left for Washington seven days later, arriving safely after some detentions and going into camp on East Capitol hill. About the last of November, after being brigaded with the 29th, 30th and 31st New Jersey, and 137th Pennsylvania regiments, it proceeded by way of Port Tobacco to Liverpool Point, whence it crossed, on December 5, to Acquia creek, the march being one of great difficulty, taxing the endurance of the men to the utmost, their sufferings being increased upon their arrival by a cold and pitiless storm, which continued for two days. Early in January, 1863, the regiment was ordered to report to the 3d brigade, 1st division, 1st army corps, and accordingly proceeded to Belle Plain, where it remained for some time. It was slightly engaged in the battle of Chancellorsville and a few days subsequently it proceeded to Centerville and was released from the service. Continuing its march to Washington, it departed thence by rail to Trenton, arriving there on June 22 and a few days later was finally disbanded, after nine months' service.

Twenty-third Infantry.—Colonels, John S. Cox, Henry O. Ryerson, E. Burd Grubb; Lieutenant-Colonels, George C Brown, Francis W. Milnor: Majors, Alfred Thompson, William J. Parmentier. This regiment was raised in the summer and fall of 1862 and was mustered into the Federal service at Beverly on September 13, Co. A from the city and township of Burlington being the first to reach the rendezvous, on August 25, Co. B of Bordentown mustering the same evening. Leaving Beverly on September 24, the regiment proceeded to Washington, going into camp on East Capitol hill, but in a few days afterward moved to Frederick City, Maryland. There it remained until October 8, when it started for Bakersville to join the 1st New Jersey brigade, with which it was ever after identified. It participated in the battle of Fredericksburg and lost in that engagement 3 officers and 57 men, killed or wounded. At Chancellorsville and Salem Church it also performed noble service and continued in the field until the expiration of its term of enlistment, when it was ordered to return to New Jersey for discharge. While at Beverly, awaiting muster out, information was received of the invasion of Pennsylvania by General Lee with the Confederate army in strength. The command was immediately tendered to the governor and accepted, and at once proceeded to Harrisburg, the threatened point. It remained in that vicinity until the danger had passed, when it returned to the state and was mustered out at Beverly, New Jersey, June 27, 1863. The total strength of the regiment was 1,035, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 18, by discharge 80, by promotion 31, by transfer 4, by death 84, by desertion 10, by dismissal 1, mustered out, 807.

Twenty-fourth Infantry.—Colonel, William B. Robertson; Lieutenant-Colonel, Franklin L. Knight; Major, Joel A. Fithian. This regiment was mustered into the U. S. service at Camp Cadwallader, Beverly, September 16, 1862. Four companies of the regiment, B, F, G and H, were from the county of Cumberland; three, A, C and K, from Salem; one, E, and parts of D and I, from Gloucester; and the remaining men of the two latter companies were from Camden. Of the members of Co. B, about an equal number were enlisted from the city and townships of Millville and Maurice River. Of Co. F the city of Bridgeton furnished about 30, the township of Greenwich 15, while the remainder, with the exception of 1 man from Deerfield, were equally divided between Hopewell and Doune. Of Co. G, not less than 20 were from Bridgeton, 30 from Deerfield, 10 from Stoe Creek, and the rest hailed from Doune. Co. H, officered exclusively by Bridgeton men, comprised about 75 from the city of Bridgeton, while the remainder were from Hopewell, Deerfield and Stoe Creek. In Cos. A and C, there were a large number of men from the city of Salem, though the surrounding townships were nearly all represented in them, and also in Co. K. Co. E compr1sed men princ1pally from Woodbury, Paulsboro', and the upper townships of Gloucester. Co. D had men from Camden, Gloucester City, and Classboro, and Co. I, mainly from Clayton township, Gloucester county, and several of the townships of Camden county. On September 28, the regiment was equipped with Belgian rifles and other necessary accouterments for service, and on Tuesday, the 30th, broke camp and departed for Washington, going by steamer to Philadelphia and thence by rail. It was brigaded with the 28th New Jersey and 128th Pennsylvania regiments, under the colonel of the former, acting Brigadier-General Abercrombie having command of the division, which occupied the extreme right of the brigade on the Leesburg road. It was afterward permanently brigaded with the 4th and 8th Ohio, 14th Indiana,, 7th Virginia, and 28th New Jersey regiments under the charge of Brigadier-General Kimball, in French's division, Couch's corps. It participated in the fighting at Fredericksburg, and the loss of the regiment, which behaved admirably throughout, was severe, amounting in all to 160. Sergt. Henry S. Spaulding, Co. B, afterward promoted to the 2nd lieutenancy of Co. I, received a musket ball in his shoulder; Captain Aaron Ward, Co. D, a ball through his left lung; 2nd Lieutenant George D. Brittain. Co. D, and Captain Samuel Harris, Co. F, were shocked by explosions of shells; 2nd Lieutenant William Pepper, Co. F, was wounded in leg and head: Sergt. H. R. Pierson, Co. G, afterward promoted to 2nd lieutenant, Co. F, was wounded in the side: Sergt. John Springer, Co. B, afterward 2nd lieutenant of Co. B, was wounded in the hip; 2nd Lieutenant James J. Reeves, Co. H. was wounded in the left arm above the elbow; and Captain William C. Shinn, Co. I, was wounded in the right eye, the sight of which was lost. The regiment also participated in the battle of Chancellorsville. where the loss in killed and wounded in the regiment was comparatively small, not exceeding 40 all told. The withdrawal of the army having been determined upon, the 24th, with the rest of the brigade, made its way back to the United States ford, where it crossed on the 6th and proceeded to its old camp, where it continued to do picket-duty until ordered to Washington. Proceeding thence in due time to Beverly, the regiment was mustered out and the men as they were paid off returned to their homes. The total strength of the regiment was 994, and it lost during service, by resignation 5, by discharge 108, by promotion 8, by transfer 1, by death 92, by desertion 8, not accounted for 1, mustered out, 771.

Twenty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, Andrew Derrom; Lieutenant-Colonel, Enoch J. Ayres; Major, John K. Brown. Among the 9-months regiments sent to the field from New Jersey, few performed more signal service or made a finer record than the 25th. The regiment, composed about equally of citizens of the northern and southern sections of the state, was fortunate in securing as its commander a man of thorough soldierly qualifications, combined with great energy and force of character, whose heart was in the work in which he was engaged, and who, enjoying the entire confidence of his command, was able to make it, in the highest degree, useful and efficient. Moreover, the men composing the regiment were of the best class, whether as to intelligence or personal physique, and adapted themselves readily and cheerfully to all the requirements of the service. The regiment left its camp at Beverly on October 10, 1862, and arrived at Washington on the following day. Going into camp at Capitol hill, it was assigned to the 2nd brigade of Casey's division, consisting of the 27th New Jersey, 12th and 13th Vt. and 12th Mass. battery, Colonel Derrom being placed in temporary command of the brigade. Acquia creek was reached on December 8, the regiment crossing the Potomac in transports from Liverpool Point, and on the following day proceeding directly to Falmouth, where it was assigned to the 1st br1gade, 3d division, 9th army corps. It took a conspicuous part in the battle of Fredericksburg and met with a loss in the conflict of 9 killed, 58 wounded and 18 missing. It also participated in an engagement near Suffolk in May, 1863, in which the behavior of the men was most admirable, the loss of the regiment being 2 killed and 9 wounded. That was the last fight in which the 25th was engaged. On June 4 it was ordered to proceed to Portsmouth and take transportation for New Jersey, and four days later reached Camp Cadwallader at Beverly, where on June 20 it was mustered out of the service. The total strength of the regiment was 1,019, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 11, by discharge 92, by promotion 13, by transfer 3, by death 57, by desertion 18, by dismissal 1, not accounted for 5, mustered out, 819.

Twenty-sixth Infantry.—Colonel, Andrew J. Morrison; Lieutenant-Colonels, Thomas A. Colt, Edward Martindale; Majors, Jonathan W. DeCamp, William W. Morris. This regiment, like all the 9-months regiments, was hastily formed. It was composed of men from Newark and the adjoining towns of Orange, South Orange. Bloomfield and Caldwell, each furnishing one company, while Newark filled the remaining six. The regiment was mustered into the state service at Camp Frelinghuysen on September 3, 1862, and some three weeks later, being officered and equipped, proceeded to Washington, arriving there the day following and going 1nto camp on Capitol hill. There it was assigned to General Briggs's brigade, Sumner's corps, and remained until October 1, when it was ordered to Frederick. Maryland, making the journey in open cars on which any degree of comfort was altogether impossible. It stood in line during the battle of Fredericksburg, not being actually engaged, but on the same ground in the early part of the following May it fought its first battle, doing so well and courageously. The total loss of the regiment in that series of operations, known as Hooker's Chancellorsville campaign, and in which it displayed a heroism worthy of veterans, was 7 killed, 65 wounded and 31 missing. At Franklin's crossing the regiment suffered heavily, for in the 10 or 15 minutes it was under fire it lost 14 killed or wounded, among whom was Captain S. Uzal Dodd, of Co. H. One week after this handsome achievement, the regiment broke camp at Falmouth and 1narched to Washington, where it arrived on June 17. Thence it proceeded by rail to Newark, reaching that city on the afternoon of the 19th, and being greeted by a grand demonstration of welcome, in which the military, firemen, municipal authorities and populace alike participated. It was mustered out at Newark, New Jersey, June 27, 1863. The total strength of the regiment was 1,031, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 14, by discharge 28, by promotion 14, by death 36, by desertion 26, by dismissal 1, not accounted for 1, mustered out 911.

Twenty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, George W. Mindil; Lieutenant-Colonel, Edwin S. Babcock; Majors, Augustus D. Blanchet, Henry F. Willis. This regiment, raised from the quotas of Morris and Sussex counties and rendezvoused at Camp Frelinghuysen, near Newark, was mustered into the U. S. service for nine months, on September 3, 1862. It consisted of eleven •companies, largely composed of representatives of the agricultural districts, and officers and men alike, in physical strength and robust capacities of endurance were equal to any in the service. The total strength of the regiment when fully organized was originally 1,088 officers and men. Having been supplied with arms, equipments and clothing, the regiment, about October 3, received orders to prepare for the field. Up to that time no colonel had been selected, it being impossible for the officers to choose from the numerous applicants for the position. Finally, Captain George W. Mindil, who had already attained distinction in the field, was, upon the strength of testimonials and representations from gentlemen who knew his eminent capabilities for command, elected to the post, and on the afternoon of the 9th, the regiment left Newark for Washington, where it arrived on the morning of the 11th, being assigned a temporary camp on East Capitol hill. On the evening of December 10, after a march of much hardship, the regiment reported for duty within the Federal lines, and was at once assigned to the 2nd brigade, 1st division, 9th army corps— the division being under the temporary command of Brig.-General W. W. Burns, and the corps under Brigadier-General O. B. Wilcox. Although the regiment was not brought into close and actual conflict during 1ts term of service, it was sufficiently exposed at the battle of Fredericksburg to test the bravery and trustworthiness of the officers and men, and the rapidity with which they advanced when ordered forward to the assistance of their comrades showed the mettle of which they were made. The regiment afterward joined Burnside's forces in Kentucky and later moved into Pennsylvania at the time of Lee's invasion. It remained in the field until long after its term had expired and was mustered out on July 2, 1863.

Twenty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, Moses N. Wisewell; Lieutenant-Colonels, Edward A. L. Roberts, John A. Wildrick; Major, Samuel K. Wilson, Jr. This regiment, recruited in Middlesex, Monmouth, Ocean. Camden and Gloucester counties, was mustered into service at Freehold, on September 22, 1862. Colonel Wisewell, who took charge of the regiment at its organization, was a man of fine intellectual capacity and soon acquired a marked hold on the conf1dence of the men, which he retained until November following, when, obtruding upon his command in a public address certain offensive avowals with reference to the war and the gubernatorial contest then in progress in New Jersey, he became obnoxious to a large portion of the regiment. His courage, however, was undoubted, and at the battle of Fredericksburg he led his regiment with great gallantry, falling severely wounded and being carried from the field, to which he was unable to return until June, 1863. Lieutenant-Colonel Roberts came from New York and commanded the regiment from Dec . 14, 1862, until January 2, 18133, -when he was discharged for tendering his resignation in the face of the enemy. Lieutenant-Colonel Wildrick, who had been a captain in the 2nd regiment, then assumed command and by his sound judgment and wise exercise of authority, soon made the regiment one of the most effective in the brigade to which it belonged. He led it with great bravery in the battle of Chancellorsville, where he was taken prisoner, but being exchanged returned to the field shortly afterward and was discharged with the regiment. Major Wilson commanded the regiment for a short time in January, 1863, and also in the following May, and was discharged with it upon the expiration of its term of service. The regiment, 940 strong, left Freehold on October 4, 1862, reached Washington on the night of the 5th, encamped on Capitol hill, where it was furnished a few days afterward with Springfield muskets. On the 13th it marched into Virginia and was attached to General Abercrombie's command, later to the 1st brigade, 3d division, 2nd army corps. At Fredericksburg it lost nearly 200 men, at Chancellorsville 30, and its term of service expiring it was mustered out on July 6, 1863.

Twenty-ninth Infantry.—Colonels, Edwin F. Applegate, William R. Taylor; Lieutenant-Colonel, Joseph K. Davison; Major, Joseph T. Field. This regiment was raised in Monmouth county and rendezvoused at Camp Vredenburg, located on the old battle-ground near Freehold. It was mustered into the service on September 20, 1862, and left for Washington on the 28th, with 39 officers and 866 enlisted men. Reaching Washington on the 30th, it went into camp on East Capitol hill, where it was permanently brigaded with the 21st, 24th and 31st New Jersey regiments, under command of Colonel Robertson of the 24th. Cos. A, F, D and I patrolled the city of Fredericksburg while the conflict raged along the slopes, and remained on that duty until the stormy night of December 15, when they were the last to withdraw, crossing upon the upper pontoons under a fierce cannonade from the enemy, which, however, did not inflict a single casualty. The division of which the regiment formed a part held an important position in the early days of the Chancellorsville campaign without drawing on a serious engagement, though picket firing was steadily maintained, and having accomplished its purpose in diverting the enemy's attention from the right of Hooker's army recrossed the Rappahannock on May 2 under a heavy fire from the Confederate batteries, the regiment los1ng 7 men killed or wounded. The term of service having expired, the regiment marched with the brigade to Washington, while the remainder of the army pushed on to overtake and vanquish Lee in his northward movement. Leaving the capital on June 17, it reached Freehold two days afterward, where it was mustered out on the 28th. The total strength of the regiment was 958, and it lost during its term of service by resignation 4, by discharge 63, by promotion 6, by transfer 3, by death 40, by desertion 17, mustered out 825.

Thirtieth Infantry.—Colonels. Alexander E. Donaldson, John J. Cladek; Lieutenant-Colonel, Arthur S. Ten Eyck; Majors. Walter Gunman. William A. Henry. This regiment, mainly recruited in the county of Somerset, was mustered into service at Flemington on September 17. 1862, and left for Washington, 1.006 strong, on the 30th. Upon arriving at the capital it went into camp, but soon afterward proceeded to Tenallytown. Maryland, where it remained until November 30, when it moved to Fort Carroll, where it was brigaded with the 22nd, 29th. and 31st New Jersey and 137th Pennsylvania regiments and proceeded to Liverpool Point on the lower Potomac, where it crossed to Acquia creek on December 5. It spent the ensuing winter performing the routine duties of camp life and at the battle of Chancellorsville, although exposed, it escaped the perils of actual combat. The withdrawal of the army having been determined upon, the regiment returned to its old position and soon afterward, its term of service having expired, marched to Washington, whence it proceeded to New Jersey and in due time was mustered out. The total strength of the regiment was 1,046, and it lost during its term of service by resignation 14, by discharge 42, by promotion 27, by transfer 2, by death 64, by desertion 14, by dismissal 1, mustered out 882.

Thirty-first Infantry.—Colonel, Alexander P. Berthoud; Lieutenant-Colonels, William Holt, Robert R. Honeyman; Major, Andrew J. Raub. This regiment, recruited in the counties of Warren and Hunterdon, was mustered into the service at Flemington on September 17, 1862, and left that place for Washington on the 26th. It was attached to the 3d brigade (General G. R. Paul's), Wadsworth's division, Reynolds' corps. The mettle of the regiment was thoroughly tested at the battle of Chancellorsville and although it escaped with slight loss it performed its duty courageously. The term of service soon expiring, the labors of the 31st as an organization came to an end and it was mustered out of service at Flemington, June 24, 1863. The total strength of the regiment was 1,016, and it lost during its term of service by resignation 11, by discharge 39, by promotion 11, by death 39, by desertion 2, mustered out 914.

Second Cavalry.—Colonel, Joseph Karge; Lieutenant-Colonels, Marcus L. W. Kitchen, P. Jones Yorke; Majors, Frederick B. Revere, Peter D. Vroom, Jr., Philip L. Van Rensselaer. This regiment was recruited in the summer of 1863 and left Trenton for Washington on October 5 of that year, reaching the capital on the following day with 890 men. On October 17 Co. A was attacked by Mosby at Fairfax, Virginia, and the company was routed, the captain, with 2 sergeants and 1 private being taken prisoners and 1 corporal wounded and left on the field. Being transferred to the southwest, the first skirmish of importance took place at Iuka, Mississippi, where two companies of the regiment encountered a force of the enemy and drove it through the place, losing 1 man killed. On December 6, a change in the plan of operations in that quarter having been determined upon, the regiment was transferred by steamer to Columbus, Kentucky, whence, on the 15th. it proceeded to Union City, Tennessee, where it was placed in the cavalry brigade commanded by Colonel Waring, of the 4th Mo. cavalry. In January, 1864, the command moved forward rapidly without encountering the enemy in any force, but meeting and dispersing small gangs of guerrillas, unt1l the 2nd Jersey, having the advance, came into collision with and routed a force of hostile cavalry near Aberdeen, Mississippi, the same evening occupying Prairie Station and destroying an immense quantity of corn, together with cotton and other property belonging to the Confederate government . The regiment, still advancing, skirmished for some hours with Forrest's cavalry, finally reaching the vicinity of West Point, about 100 miles north of Meridian, where Sherman's cooperating column had already arrived. The following day it was also engaged, and on February 22 it participated in a fierce conflict at Okolona. On April 10, Major Yorke, with 300 men of the regiment, was sent against the enemy in the vicinity of Raleigh, Tennessee, some distance north of Memphis, and coming up with the hostile force bravely charged into its midst, driving it into its brigade camp, after inflicting severe loss in killed and prisoners. The regiment also participated in the fight at Bolivar, Tennessee, and lost in the engagement 2 killed and 6 wounded. The conduct of the regiment in the disastrous affair at Guntown, Mississippi, both in the main action and on the retreat, was creditable in the highest degree, but it suffered heavily, losing 8 officers and 130 men out of 17 officers and 350 men taken into action. On July 11, with other troops, it moved in search of the enemy, encountering him at Port Gibson, Mississippi, and losing in the combat which ensued, through alleged mismanagement, 2 men killed and Lieutenant Braun, 26 men and 2 guidons captured. Two days afterward, at an early hour in the morning, the enemy in some force made a sharp assault upon the Union picket line, pressing it with equal vigor along the entire front, but the assailants were promptly met and after an hour's fighting were driven in confusion. Being ordered into Arkansas and disembarking at Osceola, the command crossed a swamp some 18 miles in length, the mud and water reaching to the saddle-girths of the horses, to Big lake, where after some brisk firing a Confederate train consisting of some 18 wagons, loaded with over 900 stand of arms of approved pattern, together with 11 prisoners and 2 commissioned officers, was captured. Reaching Verona, Mississippi, on December 25, the command at once charged gallantly on the enemy, who was completely surprised and offered but a feeble resistance, most of them escaping into the timber under cover of the darkness, leaving as spoils, eight buildings filled with fixed ammunition, estimated at 300 tons, 5,000 stands of new carbines, 8,000 sacks of shelled corn, a large quantity of wheat, an immense amount of quartermaster stores, clothing, camp and garrison equipage, a train of cars and a large number of army weapons which had been captured by Forrest from General Sturgis during the h1tter's disastrous expedition in June. The regiment also participated in the fight at Egypt Station, in which 74 men and over 80 horses of the 2nd New Jersey were killed or wounded. The regiment returned by steamer to Memphis, having lost during the entire expedition 19 men killed, 60 wounded and 2 missing, and 155 horses and mules killed or disabled. The regiment was finally mustered out on November 1, 1865. (This was also known as the 32nd New Jersey volunteers.)

Thirty-third Infantry.—Colonel, George W. Mindil; Lieutenant-Colonel, Enos Fourat; Majors, David A. Peloubet, Thomas O'Connor. This regiment was raised in the summer of 1863, under an authorization issued to Colonel Mindil, formerly of the 27th, being the first veteran regiment raised in conformity to the conditions of the new system, permitting the recruiting of "veteran volunteers." A call for extra troops being made about the same time, Colonel Mindil was directed to recruit mainly in the northern part of the state and when completed the regiment represented almost exclusively the counties of Essex, Morris, Passaic and Hudson, fully three fourths of the men being credited to the quota of Newark. Liberal bounties being offered at this time, the work of recruiting made rapid progress, the regiment being mustered into the service of the United States on September 3, only 55 days after the rendezvous at Newark was opened. The command was in all respects a superior one, seven-eighths of the officers and three-fourths of the men having already seen service in the field. Lieutenant-Colonel Fourat had participated 1n all the battles of the 1st New Jersey brigade; the adjutant had served acceptably with the 27th; while the entire field and staff, and most of the officers of the line, had previously held commands equal in importance and responsibility to those now filled. The regiment was uniformed in the Zouave dress and armed with the best Springfield rifles. On September 8, under orders from the war department, the 33d broke camp and the next morning embarked on transports lying in the Passaic for Washington, crossing on the 13th into Virginia and two days afterward marching for Warrenton, having in charge a train of 30 wagons loaded with supplies and ammunition. Being transferred to the Army of the Cumberland it fought its first battle at Chattanooga, Tennessee, in November, 1863, at which time the aggregate loss of the regiment, considering the work accomplished, was not large, amounting to 1 officer killed and 2 wounded, and 1 private killed and 12 wounded. The regiment also took a prominent part in the following two days' heavy fighting of the ever-memorable battle of Chattanooga, where the men with but little experience acquitted themselves with the bravery and tenacity of their older, veteran comrades. Entering upon Sherman's Atlanta campaign it performed valiant service at Mill Creek gap, losing 2 officers and 4 enlisted men killed, and 2 officers and 23 men wounded, several of the wounded subsequently dying. At Resaca the loss of the regiment was 3 men killed, 1 officer and 24 enl1sted men wounded. In the eight days' fighting about New Hope Church the 33d lost 1 officer and 5 men killed and 27 men wounded. It lost in the battle of Fine Knob 1 officer and 13 men killed, and 1 officer and 43 men wounded, the total casualties of the regiment during the campaign thus far being 8 officers and 139 enlisted men. After this engagement the regiment participated in the skirmishes of Nancy's creek and Muddy creek, and in protecting the flank of the assaulting columns of the 4th corps at Kennesaw mountain. At the battle of Peachtree creek the loss of the regiment was over 70 in killed and wounded, Lieuts. Downes, Aspen and Warren being taken prisoners by the foe, Aspen being badly wounded. Heavy works were now constructed and the reg1ment was under constant fire for over a month, performing the heavy duty of the trenches and the dangerous one of picket. It left Chattanooga with over 500 muskets, and entered Atlanta with a few over 100, having lost 300 in killed or wounded. The small remnant marched to the sea with Sherman, participating in the siege of Savannah, and then after a month's rest continued the march up through the Carolinas. At Averasboro, N. C, a few divisions of the Confederate army engaged the 1st and 3d divisions of the 20th corps, but after a brilliant fight were compelled to retire, when the army was advanced cautiously on near and parallel roads and the trains heavily guarded. The regiment participated in the battle of Bentonville and Johnston's surrender followed in due time, after which the homeward march commenced by way of Weldon, Five Forks, Richmond and Fredericksburg, the regiment reaching Washington in time to participate in the grand review of the armies of the Republic. It was retained in service until August 2, lying near Alexandria, and was then mustered out and proceeded to Newark. The total strength of the regiment was 2,184, and it lost, by resignation 12, by discharge 59, by promotion 41, by transfer 223, by death 147, by desertion 582, dismissed 2, unaccounted for 79, mustered out 1,039.

Thirty-fourth Infantry.—Colonels, William H. Lawrence, Timothy C. Moore; Lieutenant-Colonel, Robert M. Ekings; Majors, Gustavus N. Abeel, Henry P. Reed. This regiment was raised during the summer and autumn of 1863, principally from the counties of Mercer, Salem, Burlington and Camden, with numerous recruits from all parts of the state, and a plentiful addition from the neighboring cities of New York and Philadelphia of men attracted by the large bounties then being paid. The term of enlistment was for three years. The first place of rendezvous was Beverly, where the regiment was under the command of Colonel E. B. Grubb, formerly of the 23d. About October 25 the regiment was removed to Camp Parker, near Trenton, where the complement of men was obtained and mustered in. The colonel, William Hudson Lawrence, was a captain in the 14th regular infantry, who had obtained leave of absence from the secretary of war to take a volunteer command; the lieutenant-colonel was Timothy C. Moore, formerly of the 5th New Jersey; and the major was Gustavus N. Abeel, of the 1st New Jersey infantry, who had been serving for a year before on the staff of Gen Torbert, then commanding the 1st brigade. After unavailing efforts on the part of Colonel Lawrence to have the regiment attached to the Army of the Potomac, it was ordered to Eastport, Mississippi, to report to General William T. Sherman, and in pursuance of that order, left Trenton on the morning of November 16, 1863, for Philadelphia, its strength for duty being 800. Finally being placed as a permanent garrison at Columbus, Kentucky, on April 13, 1864, a desultory skirmish was had for some hours, when the enemy withdrew, foiled in his purpose to carry the position. During the month of June a spirited engagement took place at Hickman, Kentucky, between a detachment of the 34th and some Confederate cavalry. The enemy was encountered in force near Clinton, Kentucky, on July 10, and after a sharp action of 2 hours he was defeated with a loss of 5 killed, 30 wounded and 17 prisoners, including the notorious Captain Kesterson, who was executed shortly afterward. Being transferred to the Department of the Gulf, in April, 1865, it took part in the assault and capture of Spanish Fort, Batteries Huger, Tracey and Fort Blakely, in which action it lost 3 killed and 15 wounded. The regiment remained in service until April 30, 1866.

Thirty-fifth Infantry.—Colonel, John J. Cladek; Lieutenant-Colonel, William A. Henry; Major, John B. Sine. This regiment, recruited chiefly in the counties of Essex and Hunterdon, was mustered into service at Flemington in September, 1863, and soon afterward proceeded to Washington. Being transferred to the southwest, it participated in the Meridian expedition in February, 1864, having several skirmishes and losing a few men, being absent altogether 32 days. It was soon afterward attached to the 1st brigade, 2nd division, 16th corps, and without delay addressed itself to the work of preparing for the formidable encounters of the Atlanta campaign justly supposed to lie before it. In the first day's fighting at Resaca, Georgia, the regiment stood bravely at its post and held the ground during the night, having lost during the day 1 man killed and 13 wounded, and the total casualties during the 3 days' fighting at that place were 2 men killed, 2 officers and 20 men wounded. At Dallas two days were spent in skirmishing, fighting and making careful approaches, a fierce engagement taking place on May 25, near New Hope Church, between Hooker's corps and a part of the Confederate force. On the 27th the regiment was again engaged, two companies under Captain Angel being deployed as skirmishers and charging the enemy with great gallantry drove him from an eminence which other regiments had entirely failed to carry. During the two following days the regiment was almost constantly engaged on the skirmish line, losing altogether 4 men killed, 8 wounded and 1 missing. In June, while Hooker and Howard were pushing the enemy, the regiment was engaged on the skirmish line, losing 7 men killed and 8 wounded, Captains Courtois and Frazer being among the latter. It then marched to Kennesaw and participated in the movements against that position until, after constant battering and murderous fighting extending over a fortnight, Sherman determined to throw his whole army rapidly by the right to threaten Nickajack creek and Turner's ferry across the Chattahoochee. The regiment's next engagement was at the battle of Decatur, where it suffered severely, the casualties numbering 1 killed, 16 wounded, and 2 officers and 37 men missing. On August 1 the regiment advanced its position and took possession of a line of partially completed rifle-pits, which it held until the 11th, meanwhile assisting in the construct1on of works at the front. On the 11th, being ordered on the skirmish line, the regiment drove the enemy's pickets out of their pits and took possession, losing 2 men wounded in the movement. During the month of October the regiment participated in the movement of a portion of the army to Marietta, Big Shanty and other points menaced by the Confederates under Hood, but was only once actively engaged, namely, at Resaca, where it lost 25 in killed and wounded. During the march to the sea the regiment was engaged as a support to the cavalry advance at Little Ogeechee creek, but suffered no casualties. From Savannah the regiment participated in the campaign of the Carolinas and after Johnston's surrender marched by the usual route to Washington, where the men were supplied with a new Zouave uniform and some weeks later were mustered out, proceeding on July 22 to Trenton, where their campaigns terminated in a cordial welcome from the -populace. The total strength of the regiment was 1,906, and it lost during its term of service by resignation 19, by discharge 65, by promotion 42, by transfer 196, by death 147, by desertion 451, by dismissal 4, not accounted for 132, mustered out 850.

Third Cavalry.—Colonels, Andrew J. Morrison, Alexander C. M. Pennington, Jr.; Lieutenant-Colonels, Charles C. Suydam, William P. Robeson, Jr.; Majors, Siegfried Von Forstner, S. V. C. Van Rensselaer, John V. Allstrom, Daniel R Boice, Thomas K. McClong, Ethan T. Harris. This regiment, also known as the 36th New Jersey volunteers, was recruited during the winter of 1863-64, and was mustered into the U. S. service on February 10, 1864, as the "First United States Hussars," though the name was not long retained. It left Trenton on March 29, 1,200 strong, marching by way of Philadelphia and Wilmington to Perryville, Maryland, where it embarked on steamers and proceeded to Annapolis, being there attached to the 9th army corps. The enemy being gradually compelled to fall back before the operations of Grant, the regiment pushed forward with its brigade—3d brigade, 1st division, Cavalry corps—sharing in the operations at Ashland, Old Church and other points, and showing the highest soldierly qualities in all the combats in which it participated. Up to the middle of July, its total losses in killed, wounded and missing amounted to 76. On July 16, the command was transferred to Lighthouse Point, but on the 25th it returned to its old position, and two days later lost several men from guerrillas while on picket, 1 being killed, 2 wounded and 2 captured. At the battle of Winchester its total loss was 130 men, the killed including 1 captain and 1 lieutenant. In the operations at Summit Point the regiment lost 6 killed, 25 wounded and 14 missing. At Kearneysville its loss in wounded and missing was 30 men, and in the affair on the Berryyille turnpike in September its loss was 1 killed. After this affair, the regiment lay quiet until the 19th, when it participated in the battle of the Opequan, suffering some loss, but not sufficient to disturb the elation over the grand achievements of the day. It was again engaged at Front Royal, losing some men, and on the 28th, being in the cavalry advance, it once more encountered the enemy at Waynesboro, where it suffered a loss of 10 in killed and wounded, but fought with its accustomed gallantry. In the retrograde movement which followed, a movement designed to draw the enemy once more within effective striking distance, the regiment again proved its efficiency at Bridgewater, losing 9 men; at Brock's gap, and at Tom's brook, where it had a severe engagement with the now pursuing foe, its loss in that affair being 8 men. Finally reaching Cedar creek, it went on picket, where it remained until the 13th, when it had a sharp fight, losing 10 men. In the memorable battle of Cedar creek it was early placed in position, but was only moderately engaged. In the subsequent operations in the Valley it had an honorable part, being engaged on the Back road and at Mount Jackson, the loss of the command in the latter affair being 10 men, killed and wounded. In the spring of 1865 it was variously employed in the vicinity of Petersburg until the last grand assault upon the enemy, when at Five Forks, fighting again with the scarred veterans who had swept Early from the Shenandoah Valley, it displayed conspicuous gallantry, sharing in all the perils as well_ as the splendid achievements of that memorable and glorious day, on which the power of the Rebellion was finally and forever broken. The loss of the regiment was only 8 wounded, including Lieutenant-Colonel Robeson. Joining in the pursuit of the flying foe, it had 2 officers wounded in a skirmish on the 6th, but was not again heavily engaged. In due time Lee surrendered and the Confederate armies dissolved, when the regiment proceeded to Washington, and thence to Trenton, where it was mustered out. The total strength of the regiment was 2,234, and it lost during its term of service by resignation 17,  by discharge 83, by promotion 47, by transfer 276, by death 145, by desertion 439, by dismissal 8, not accounted for 187, mustered out 1,032.

Thirty-seventh Infantry.—Colonel, E. Burd Grubb; Lieutenant-Colonel John S. Barlow; Major, John Danforth. On May 16, 1864, Gov Parker issued a proclamation calling, "by desire of the president," the militia of the state 1nto active service for the period of 100 days, to date from muster into the United States service, to be armed, equipped, and paid as other United States volunteers, "to serve in fortifications or wherever their services may be required, within or without the state." No bounty was to be given, nor were even their services to be credited upon any draft. These troops were to be infantry exclusively, and the governor urged that at least five regiments might be raised and forwarded with all convenient speed. In accordance with this proclamation, recruiting began without delay, and the nuclei of two regiments were speedily established—one in the southern part of the state to be called the 37th, to be commanded by £. Burd Grubb, of Burlington, a gallant and dashing soldier. It was thought advisable that the different militia and rifle corps regiments should, if possible, embrace this opportunity to go into the movement in a body, thus preserving their regimental organizations and preventing the many delays incident to and consequent upon the organization and officering of new regiments. This expectation, however, was not realized. Recruiting becoming languid, local bounties were offered by different cities, but notwithstanding that, and every other inducement offered, it began to be apparent that neither of the two regiments would be enabled to fill its ranks, and consolidation must be effected. This was accordingly done at Camp Delaware, Trenton, and on June 23 the consolidated regiment, under the name of the 37th New Jersey volunteers, was mustered into the service of the United States. It left Trenton on June 28, 700 strong, direct for Baltimore, where steamer was taken for City Point. It furnished detachments for fatigue duty of various kinds, such as unloading vessels, working on fortifications, etc., being assigned to Berry's brigade, 3d division, 10th army corps, and brigaded with other 100-days regiments from Ohio. The regiment took an active part in the operations before Petersburg from August 28 to September 26, and was mustered out October 1, 1864.

Thirty-eighth Infantry.—Colonel, William J. Sewell; Lieut-Colonel, Ashbel W. Angel; Major, William H. Tantum. This regiment was raised in the summer and fall of 1864, Colonel Sewell accepting its command on September 30 and completing its organization in 15 days thereafter. Colonel Sewell had served with distinguished credit in the 2nd New Jersey brigade, but had been compelled to quit the service during the Wilderness campaign, owing to prostration resulting from exposure. Partially recovering, however, and with his patriotic ardor unabated, he gladly embraced the opportunity afforded by the formation of the 38th to return to the field, employing all his energies to make it an organization worthy of the state. Upon leaving the state, the regiment was ordered to City Point and thence to Bermuda Hundred, whence it was sent to Fort Powhatan, on the James river, some 15 miles below City Point . It remained at that point until the surrender of Lee, when it was ordered to City Point and there mustered out, reaching Trenton on July 4, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 1,048, and it lost during its term of service, by resignation 6, by discharge 2, by promotion 9, by transfer 3, by death 11, by desertion 59, mustered out, 956. Thirty-ninth Infantry.—Colonel, Abram C. Wildrick; Lieutenant-Colonel, James H. Close; Major, William T. Cornish. This regiment, recruited under the call of July, 1864, for 500,000 men, left Newark early in October of the same year, five companies leaving on the 4th, and the others a few days later. Arriving at City Point, Virginia, it was temporarily employed on the breastworks, moving thence to Poplar Grove Church, on the left of the Weldon railroad a few miles south of Petersburg, where it was attached to the 1st brigade, 2nd division, 9th army corps. Its only real engagement was in the capture of Fort Mahone, before Petersburg, April 2, 1865, where the loss of the regiment, to which belongs the credit of capturing one of the most formidable Confederate works around Petersburg, was very severe, amounting to some 10 killed and about 75 wounded, several officers being included among the latter. After the Confederate surrender the regiment proceeded to Alexandria, where it remained in camp until June, when it was ordered to Newark and finally disbanded. The total strength of the regiment was 1,124, and it lost during its term of service by resignation 2, by discharge 11, by promotion 6, by transfer 92, by death 39, by desertion 54, not accounted for 1, mustered out 819.

Fortieth Infantry.—Colonel, Stephen R. Gilkyson; Lieutenant-Colonel, J. Augustus Fay, Jr.; Major, Andrew J. Mandeville. This regiment was organized under the immediate superintendence of Colonel Stephen R. Gilkyson, under General Orders No. 243 of the war department, and was forwarded to the field by companies, the last company being mustered in on March 10, 1865. Upon reaching the field the companies were attached to the 1st brigade, the regiment proving courageous and efficient in all the engagements in which it participated. In the last fight before Richmond it displayed conspicuous gallantry, the men fighting with the steadiness of veterans. It was mustered out at Hall's hill, Virginia, July 13, 1865. The total strength of the regiment was 1,409, and it lost during its term of service by resignation 2, by discharge 20, by promotion 17, by transfer 151, by death 19, by desertion 399, by dismissal 1, not accounted for 33, mustered out 767.

Battery A.—Captains, William Hexamer, Augustine N. Parsons; First Lieuts., John Fingerlin, Christian Woerner, John J. Hoff, Joseph W. B. Wright, William Jaegel, Robert Fairchild, Wilhelm O. Bonin; Second Lieuts., Adolph Valois, Louis W. Hausemann, Philip Phildius, Samuel F. Wheeler, Owen C. Looker, John Carrigan. This battery was mustered into service on August 12, 1861, at Hoboken, which place it left on the 20th for Washington, where it arrived the next day and after being filled up and supplied with the necessary horses, equipments and arms, it proceeded to Fairfax seminary, where it was attached to Kearny's brigade. The first battle in which it was engaged was that of West Point, where it displayed great gallantry and won the highest encomiums. It was next engaged at Mechanicsville; participated in the severe engagement at Gaines' mill, having reported to Colonel Taylor, commanding the 1st New Jersey brigade, and being by him placed on the right of the brigade, Prince de Joinyille, of General McClellan's staff, accompanying the command to its position, which was in an open field some 200 yards from the woods occupied by the Confederates and in which nn 1nfantry fight was in progress. At Chantilly the battery was posted on the road between that place and Fairfax Court House on the right of General Kearny's division. Thence it followed the retiring Confederates through Burkettsville to Crampton's gap, participating in the attack upon the enemy at that point and winning fresh honors by its gallantry. It then proceeded to Antietam, where it again performed distinguished service. During the three days' battle of Fredericksburg the battery remained in one position, doing effective service and finally withdrawing with the rest of the army. In the several engagements incident to the Chancellorsville campaign the battery fired about 1,200 rounds and fully sustained its reputation. It also did valiant service at the battle of Gettysburg and subsequently it participated in the Mine Run demonstration, returning to camp at Brandy Station, where it remained during the winter, receiving before the spring campaign some 80 recruits. On May 4, 1864, General Grant having matured his plans for an advance against the enemy, the battery marched to Chancellorsville, moving on the following morn1ng to the right of that point, passing Robertson's tavern. It was moved on the 7th to Piney Branch Church, where it remained in reserve until the 10th, when it marched to Tabernacle Church and thence to Fredericksburg, returning to the 6th corps. On the 18th it again advanced and on the 19th reached the Po river, where it participated in a heavy fight. In the advance from that point it covered the rear of the 6th corps; crossed the North Anna on the 24th, the Pamunkey on the 28th, and reached Cold Harbor shortly after noon on June 1. There it remained until the 12th, partaking of heavy fighting, and then marched with the army to the James river, crossing on the morning of the 1sth and reaching the front at Petersburg on the night of the 16th. In that position it remained, firing from time to time, until the night of the 21st, when it marched to the left of Petersburg and went into camp. On July 31 the battery was ordered to return to Trenton for muster out, its term of service having expired, but enough remained to continue the organization until the close of the war, when it was finally mustered out at Trenton on June 22, 1865.

Battery B.—Captains, John E. Beam, A. Judson Clark; First Lieuts., John B. Monroe, George T. Woodbury, Samuel H. Baldwin, Robert Sims, Edward P. Clark, Jacob Rhein; Second Lieuts., Robert Fairchild, Benjamin Galbraith, Leander McChesney. This battery was organized in August, 1861, by Captain John E. Beam and was composed principally of members of Co. F, 1st regiment, who had just been discharged. It was mustered into the U. S. service on September 3, at Trenton, but owing to the want of quartermaster's stores, did not leave for Washington until the latter part of the month. Soon after reaching the capital it received its guns and horses and was ordered to report to General Heintzelman, commanding the 3d corps, when it went into camp on the Mount Vernon road, 2 miles south of Alexandria, and prepared for winter quarters. It had its first opportunity to test its guns at the siege of Yorktown, being twice engaged, but without other casualties than the loss of 3 horses. When the enemy evacuated the place the battery moved forward to Williamsburg, where it was again engaged. In the battle of Seven Pines it did splendid service and at Peach Orchard, where the left of the command was under Lieutenant Clark, it received special mention in orders for its gallantry, being directed to inscribe "Peach Orchard" upon its colors. In the Seven Days' retreat from in front of Richmond it was engaged at Malvern Hill, where it suffered the loss of Captain Beam killed and 2 men wounded. The fall of 1862 was spent in marching and reconnoissances without any decided results until December, when the command was again brought into action at Fredericksburg. In May. 1863, when Hooker moved against the enemy, the battery was desperately engaged at Chancellorsville, Captain Clark then commanding the 1st division artillery. The battery lost 4 men killed, 5 wounded and 2 taken prisoners. At Gettysburg the entire loss of the command was 5 killed and 21 wounded, 47 of its horses being also killed. It accompanied the army on the Mine Run campaign, having participated in three skirmishes, at Auburn. Kelly's ford and Thoroughfare mountain. In the last grand campaign against Richmond, commenced in May, 1864, the battery was engaged with the 2nd corps in the battles around Spottsylvania, at the North Anna, Totopotomy and Cold Harbor, at the latter place being under fire for 10 days. The losses in these several engagements were 9 men, in killed, wounded and prisoners. Before Petersburg the command was engaged in June, marching four days later to the left of the line, and was sharply engaged at Jerusalem plank road, with the loss of 1 man killed. 2 wounded and several horses killed. At Deep Bottom and Reams' stat1on it again showed its excellent righting qualit1es, Captain Clark at both places commanding the corps artillery. At Sutherland's station it was the only battery mentioned for gallantry and efficiency in the report of General Humphreys, the corps commander, and in all the closing actions of the war in which it participated it displayed the same conspicuous courage which secured it recognition in earlier engagements. It was mustered out at Trenton, New Jersey, on June 16, 1865.

Battery C.—Captain, Christian Woerner; First Lieuts., John J. Bargfetd, Adolpl1 Knappe, Theodore Tiebel, Julius G. Tuerk, Ernst C. Stahl; Second Lieuts., Peter Ludwig, Charles Maschewsky, Gustave S. Von Waldheim. This battery was mustered into service on September 11, 1863. Captain Woerner had served with marked gallantry and efficiency in connection with Hexamer's battery and was eminently qualified for the responsibilities of command. Proceeding to Washington, the battery went into camp, where it remained until May 11, 1864, when it was transferred by steam transports to Belle Plain landing, where it arrived on the 12th. The first engagement in which it participated was at White House landing, in which it had 2 horses killed, but suffered no other casualties. When General Sheridan reached White House with a large cavalry force, the 3d battery was ordered to march with his command to Charles City Court House, where a severe engagement was had with the Confederates, Sheridan losing 1 battery and several hundred men. A month later the battery proceeded with two divisions of the 2nd corps to Deep Bottom, where it participated in an assault upon the enemy. Returning to Petersburg, the battery remained encamped for some days in the breastworks on the left, being subsequently moved to and fro, occupying various positions until August 23, when it participated in the expedition to Reams' station and two days later was vigorously engaged, having 4 men killed, left on the field, 7 men wounded, 5 horses killed and 6 wounded. During the ensuing autumn and winter the battery was frequently engaged, but never seriously, its casualties during the assault on Fort Haskell in the latter part of March, 1865, amounting to 1 man killed, and 2 commissioned officers and 5 men wounded. During the final struggle, in April, 1865, it was stationed in Fort Haskell, moving on the 5th into Petersburg, and thence with the army in pursuit of the foe, reaching Ford's station on the 7th, where it remained until the 14th. It was mustered out on June 19, 1865.

Battery D.—Captains, George T. Woodbury, Charles R. Doane; First Lieuts., James B. Morris, Reuben V. King; Second Lieuts., Thomas B. Pollard, John H. George, David A. Pollard, Morris C. Cole. This battery, which achieved a high reputation by its distinguished services, was recruited principally in Essex, Mercer and Monmouth counties. The first detachment 01 recruits went into quarters at Camp Perrine. Trenton, under charge of Sergt. John Otto, about the middle of August, 1863, just after the terrible battle of Gettysburg when the whole country, awakened to a fresh appreciation of the necessity of energetic action, was addressing itself with enthusiasm to the work of supplying the 300,000 additional volunteers called for by the president. The quota of New Jersey under that call included three batteries of light artillery, in addition to the two previously furnished by the state. This branch of the serv1ce having always been the favorite with recruits and veterans alike, little difficulty was experienced in filling the ranks, notwithstanding several regiments of infantry and one of cavalry were at the same time in process of formation. Batteries C, D and E went into camp at Camp Perrine, and left for Washington almost simultaneously. Battery D, taking its name from its commandant, was at that time more familiarly known as "Woodbury's battery," and subsequently as the "4th New Jersey Battery," being so reported at the war department and carried on its rolls. Reaching Washington on Sept . 30, 1863, it proceeded after a night's rest to Camp Barry, the artillery camp of instruction, on the Bladensburg road, where it reported to the commandant of the post and quarters were assigned for the officers and men. The first action in which the battery was engaged occurred on May 1o, 1864, on the Richmond & Petersburg turnpike, in which several were wounded but none killed. Being placed in Fort Marshall, Bermuda Hundred, a few days later, it remained there until August 14, participating in the continued heroic defense of that place. In the fight near Malvern hill in August, the battery again displayed remarkable courage and efficiency. It participated in operations around Petersburg until after the surrender and was mustered out on June 2, 1865.

Battery E.—Captain, Zenas C. Warren; First Lieuts., George F. Durant, Joseph Warren, James Gillen; Second Lieuts., Thomas R. Perry, James B. Goldsmith, William Maxwell, Edward Chappell. This battery, raised in the summer of 1863, proceeded to Washington in the month of September and went into camp at Camp Barry. It was sharply engaged at Drewry's bluff early in May, losing 13 men. Other engagements in which it participated were as follows: Howlett's house, various actions before Petersburg, Bermuda Hundred, Deep Bottom, Dutch gap, Darbytown road and the capture of Richmond, April 3, 1865. The battery was finally disbanded on June 12, 1865.

Company A, National Guard.—Captain, William R. Murphy; First Lieutenant, Robert C. Belville; Second Lieutenant, Joseph Ott . This company was fully organized in the militia of New Jersey on November 30, 1860, and at the breaking out of the war was in a fine state of drill and discipline On April 16, 1861, a meeting of the company was called for the purpose of responding to the call of President Lincoln for 75,000 men, but before action could be taken Captain Murphy was directed by special orders from the adjutant-general's office of the state to immediately guard the large amount of military stores at the New Jersey state arsenal at Trenton. The same night the company marched to the arsenal and went into service, thus being the first company under arms in the North. Before their term of service was completed a large number of the men of this organization joined the United States regular and volunteer armies. After the 3-months' service was completed the company was again recruited and volunteered as Co. A, 1st battalion, for the Pennsylvania emergency. During the whole war the company was emphatically the school of officers, and it boasts to-day, with none to challenge it, that it sent, for its size, more men to the war than any organization in the North. The total strength of the company was 92, and it lost during its term of service, by discharge 4, by promotion 2, mustered out, 86.

Pennsylvania Emergency Troops.—Early in the month of June, 1863, the Confederate army under General Robert E. Lee, invaded Pennsylvania and instituted a series of aggressive movements that created profound and universal alarm through the entire Northern states. The first appeal for military aid from Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania, to the governors of adjoining states was made on June 15, and on the 17th the governor of New Jersey called for volunteers to press forward to the assistance of Pennsylvania in the emergency. He appealed to the o-months regiments, which had just returned, to unite in the efforts to repel the invasion of a sister state, and in response the 23d and 27th regiments volunteered for that service. In addition thereto, ten companies of infantry and one battery of light artillery volunteered for the emergency—

Co. A of Trenton, Captain William R Murphy; Co. B of Trenton, Captain George F. Marshall; Co. C of Trenton, Captain James C. Manning; Co. D of Lambertville, Captain Hiram Hughes; Co. E of Morristown, Captain George Gage; Co. F of Newark, Captain William J. Roberts; Co. G of Mount Holly, Captain J. Fred Laumaster; Co. H of Newark, Captain Timothy Colvin; Co. I of Trenton, Captain Joseph A. Yard; independent company of Camden, Captain James M. Scovel; and the light battery of Rahway, Captain John R. Chapin. The first company (A) left Trenton on the morning of une 18 and arrived at Harrisburg same day, the other companies following soon afterward. Upon arrival they reported for duty to Major-General Couch, department commander, and were organized into two battalions, Captain William R. Murphy being assigned to the command of one and Captain J. Fred Laumaster to the other. At the end of the 30-days service they were returned to Trenton for discharge. Governor Curtin on June 24 expressed the thanks of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania to New Jersey "for the patriotic disposition they so truly manifest, and their willingness to take up arms for our defense." The total strength of these emergency forces was 677, and they lost during their service, by discharge 8, by transfer 2, by desertion 3, not accounted for 54, mustered out, 610.

Company A, First Militia.—Captain, Richard H. Lee; First Lieutenant, William C. Shinn; Second Lieutenant, Charles H. Kain. In the early part of July, 1864, the cities of Washington, D. G, and Baltimore, Maryland, were endangered by a threatened invasion of the enemy. A battle had been fought within a few miles of Baltimore and communication with Washington had been interrupted. In view of this emergency the governor of New Jersey issued a proclamation dated at Trenton, July 12, 1864, calling for the organization of the militia for 30-days' service in Pennsylvania, Maryland or the District of Columbia. Under the call this company reported for duty, was accepted, and mustered in at Camden, New Jersey, July 14, 1864, for 30 days. It left the state on July 15 for Baltimore, Maryland, and on arrival reported to Major-General Lew Wallace, commanding the Middle Department. It was stationed at the Relay house, below Baltimore, and was attached to the 1st separate brigade, 8th army corps. Upon expiration of term of service it returned to New Jersey, and was mustered out at Camden, August 15, 1864. The total strength of the company was 94.


JAMES STEWART, JR.

James Stewart, Jr., associate-editor of this work for the state of New Jersey, has a brilliant record as a volunteer soldier in the Civil war. He was born at Stewartsville, Warren Co., New Jersey, on March 22, 1840. Shortly after coming of age, he entered the Union army from New Jersey in September, 1861, and was mustered into the United States service for a term of three years as first lieutenant in the 9th New Jersey infantry, November 15, 1861; was promoted to the rank of captain February 10, 1862; major, December 22, 1862; lieutenant-colonel, January 8, 1863; colonel, June 20, 1864; and was brevetted brigadier-general, U. S. volunteers, on March 13, 1865, for meritorious services. He was mustered out and honorably discharged July 12, 1865, on the conclusion of a period of service of nearly four years, during which he was continuously in the field. In the year 1862 and parts of 1863 and 1865, he was stationed in North Carolina, where he was successively attached to the 2nd division, 9th corps, the division of the District of Beaufort, and the 3d division, 23d army corps, and was actively engaged in the battles of Roanoke island, New Berne, Fort Macon, Southwest creek, Kinston, White Hall, Goldsboro bridge, and three days at Wise's forks. He served in Virginia during the year 1864, where he was attached to the 2nd division, 18th army corps, Army of the James, and Army of the Potomac, and took part in the following important engagements: the two days' fighting at Port Walthall Junction; two days at Swift creek; five days at Drewry's bluff; eleven days about Cold Harbor; sixty-five days in the siege of Petersburg, forty-four of which he served in the trenches. General Stewart also participated in numerous minor engagements, and was under fire in S3 separate and distinct actions. During the last year of the war, after serving as colonel of his regiment, he served with credit in the capacity of a brigade commander, and was in command of a division at the conclusion of his term of service. On July 21, 1864, he was assigned to command the 1st brigade, 2nd division, 18th army corps, in front of Petersburg, Virginia; in September following he was ordered with his brigade to North Carolina, where his command was designated the 2nd brigade, division of the District of Beaufort; subsequently he commanded the 3d brigade, 3d division, 23d army corps, and his last command was the 3d division, 23d army corps, District of Greensboro, N. C. General Stewart was slightly wounded in the engagement at White Hall, N. C, and was severely wounded through the left thigh on May 16, 1864, at Drewry's bluff, Virginia; in the action at Butler's bridge, N. C, his horse was killed under him. Since the war General Stewart has attained distinction in the civil walks of life.