Campaigns and Battles - M

M:  McConnellsburg, Pennsylvania, to Myerstown, West Virginia

Source: The Union Army, Vol. VI. Madison, Wisconsin: Federal Publishing Company, 1908.


McConnellsburg, Pennsylvania, June 25, 1863. Detachment of 1st New York Cavalry. Major Alonzo W. Adams with a detachment of the 1st New York charged the pickets of the enemy at McConnellsburg and drove them into the town, creating a great commotion in a large Confederate force there. No casualties were reported. The engagement was an incident of the Gettysburg campaign.


McCook's Raid (Near Atlanta), Georgia, July 27-31, 1864. 1st Cavalry Division, Army of the Cumberland, and Harrison's Cavalry Brigade. Pursuant to orders from General Sherman the expedition, numbering about 4,000 men and commanded by Brigadier-General E. M. McCook. left the right of the army at daybreak on the 27th to break the railway communications south of Atlanta. In the meantime the enemy had obtained information of the movement and all his available forces were concentrated in that quarter to prevent the destruction of the railroads. McCook moved down the west bank of the Chattahoochee river to a point near Campbellton, where he laid a pontoon bridge and crossed on the 28th. Here a portion of his command was engaged with a detachment of Ross' cavalry, under the command of Colonel Harrison, but the Union troops drove the enemy out of the way and proceeded on to Palmetto, a station on the Atlanta & West Point railroad, where, on the morning of the 29th, they tore up about 3 miles of track. The telegraph was cut at Palmetto and Fairburn, and a train of wagons was burned at Fayetteville, where 250 prisoners were taken. McCook's next objective point was Lovejoy's Station, on the Macon & Western railroad, where nearly 3 miles of track were destroyed and about S miles of telegraph wire torn down. From Lovejoy's McCook expected to move to McDonough and form a junction there with General Stoneman, who had moved with his cavalry from the left of the army on the 27th with instructions to cooperate with McCook. (See Stoneman's Raid.) Before starting for McDonough McCook learned that Wheeler's cavalry was between him and that place and decided to return to the Chattahoochee by way of Newnan. Some skirmishing had occurred at the several points where the command had been operating, but no serious opposition was met until the expedition started back toward the main body of the army. Near Newnan the railroad and telegraph were cut in three places. At Brown's mill, a short distance west of Newnan, McCook was surrounded by an overwhelming force, consisting of the cavalry commands of Wheeler, Jackson and Roddey. besides a large force of infantry. In the hope of breaking their lines and reaching the river McCook ordered a charge against Ross' Texas brigade, which was almost completely destroyed, Ross himself being taken prisoner. Fresh troops were hurried to the assistance of the Texans and for a little while it looked dark for the Union forces. They were all seasoned veterans, however, and knew how to fight. McCook put in every available man, even to his escort, and by a desperate attack succeeded in breaking the line and reaching the river, where some of the 2nd and 8th Indiana took position in a stockade to hold the enemy in check until the main body of the command was safe. Here they fought until their last cartridge was gone, when they fell into the hands of the enemy. Of this action McCook says in his report: "They cheerfully sacrificed themselves Page 578 to insure the safety of their comrades. History contains no nobler example of devotion, or names more worthy to be handed down to posterity as heroes." The Federal loss during the raid was about 500. That of the enemy, according to newspapers published on the succeeding day, was between 800 and 900. These newspapers severely censured the Confederate generals for permitting any of McCook's command to escape from their vastly superior force. The results of the expedition were the destruction of about 6 miles of railroad track; 5 miles of telegraph destroyed; 1,160 wagons burned; 2,000 mules killed or disabled; 1,000 bales of cotton burned; and large quantities of provisions and tobacco destroyed.


McDonough Road, Georgia, November 6, 1864. Pickets of the 2nd Brigade, 3d Div1sion, 20th Army Corps. During the day of the 5th the 2nd brigade marched out from Atlanta on the McDonough road and encamped. Before the start to return was made next day the pickets were attacked by a force of Confederate cavalry, but the enemy was driven back. The Federal pickets suffered the loss of 1 man killed.


McDowell, Virginia, May 8, 1862. Milroy's and Schenck's Brigades. Brigadier-General Robert H. Milroy ascertained that the Confederate forces under Generals Johnson and Jackson had effected a junction on the 7th and were advancing to attack McDowell. Early on the morning of the 8th the enemy was seen upon Bull Pasture mountain, about 2 miles distant, and Union skirmishers were sent out under cover of a heavy artillery fire. About 3 p. m. it was reported that the enemy was attempting to plant a battery upon the mountain where it would command the whole Federal encampment and Milroy ordered the 25th and 75th Ohio to charge up the hill and drive the enemy from his position. This was done most gallantly, the Confederates being compelled to fall back to the other side of the mountain. The position was maintained until 8 p. m. when Milroy ordered a return, and under cover of darkness left the town, the ammunition having given out. About 10 a. m. Brigadier-General Robert C. Schenck had arrived with a few reinforcements, but not enough to materially alter the difference in the size of the forces engaged. Milroy lost 26 killed, 227 wounded and 3 missing; the enemy 75 killed and 423 wounded. McGirt's Creek, Florida, March 1, 1864. (See Cedar Creek, same date.)


McGuire's, Arkansas, October 12, 1863. 1st Arkansas Cavalry. Lieut. M. J. Patton and 5 men charged the pickets of a Confederate force encamped at McGuire's and drove them in. They then charged a small church where the headquarters of the enemy's leader were supposed to be. The affair was an incident of a demonstration aga1nst Fayetteville. No casualties were reported.


McKenzie's Creek, Missouri, April 15, 1865. Detachment of 7th Kansas Cavalry. Lieut. William W. Crane, with 20 men of the 7th Kansas, surprised a party of 15 guerrillas in their camp on McKenzie's creek near Patterson. Four of the enemy were killed and the horses of 6 captured, together with a quantity of stolen goods.


McLean's Ford, Virginia, October 15. 1863. 3d Brigade, 2nd Division, 3d Army Corps, and Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Brigadier-General Gershom Mott, commanding the brigade, was ordered to hold McLean's ford against any attempt of the Confederates to take 1t. About 2:30 p. m., before his dispositions had been entirely made, the enemy attacked the Federal pickets and skirmishers and drove them into the rifle-pits on the north side of Bull run. The Confederate artillery was then brought to bear and covered an attack Page 579 of the dismounted men on the rifle-pits which was repulsed, as were several other charges on the same intrenchments. When the Union artillery was brought into position it opened a heavy fire on the Confederate line and compelled it to retire. The fight lasted about 2 hours. Mott reported his loss as 2 killed, 23 wounded and 3 missing, and that of the enemy at 60 killed and wounded. General Lomax, commanding the Confederates, stated that he suffered no loss. McLemore's Cove, Tennessee, February 1, 1865. 6th Tennessee Mounted Infantry. On learning that Gatewood and his Confederate command were in McLemore's cove, Lieut.-Colonel George A. Gowin moved out on the afternoon of the 1st and at 10 p. m. attacked the camp, scattering the enemy with a loss of several killed and wounded, and a number of horses captured. There were no casualties on the Union side.


McLoath's Ford, Georgia, April 3, 1865. (See Spring Place, same date.) McMilley's Farm, Arkansas, February 27, 1865. Detachment of 13th Illinois Cavalry. A scouting party under Captain George W. Suesberry attacked Captain Maybery's guerrillas on the McMilley farm, about 25 miles from Pine Bluff. The result was the killing of 8 of the outlaws and the capture of 3. No Federal casualties were reported. McMinnville, Tennessee, August 30, 1862. (See Little Pond, same date.)


McMinnville, Tennessee, April 21, 1863. Detachment of Cavalry Division, Department of the Cumberland. During an expedition to McMinnville from Murfreesboro. Colonel Robert H. G. Minty, commanding the cavalry, detached the 4th Michigan, a company of the 1st Middle Tennessee and a mountain howitzer and sent them around by the Smithville road. As the main column moved in on the old McMinnville pike the Confederate pickets were encountered about a mile and a half out. Flankers were thrown out arid the Federals moved steadily forward. When well within the town the advance charged, and, supported by the flankers and the detachment from the Smithville road, the enemy was driven through the town. The entire Confederate force, including the provost guard, was between 600 and 700 men. There was no detailed report of casualties.


McMinnville, Tennessee, September 28, 1863. Troops not given.


McMinnville, Tennessee, October 3, 1863. Detachment of 4th Tennessee Infantry. During the Confederate raid by Wheeler and Roddey their combined forces approached McMinnville about 11 a. m. on the 3d. When Major M. L. Patterson, commanding the post, learned of the Confederate advance he disposed of his small force of 320 men as best he could, and after skirmishing an hour and a half received a flag of truce from Wheeler demanding an unconditional surrender. Thinking it useless to attempt further resistance he submitted, and the garrison was turned over to the Confederates. Seven men were killed and 23 wounded on the Federal side during the skirmishing prior to the surrender, while the Confederates lost 23 killed and tw1ce that number wounded, according to Patterson's estimate.


McMinnville, Tennessee, February 5, 1865. 5th Tennessee Cavalry and 42nd Missouri Infantry. After pursuing a party of 100 Confederates, supposed to be guerrillas under Perdham, the Federals, under Captain H. N. Woley, came up with them at their camp near McMinnville. An attack was made up a steep hill with such 1mpetuosity that the enemy was compelled to fall back. Three of the attacking party were wounded and it is thought 2 of the enemy were killed.


Mackville, Kentucky, July 14, 1862. Kentucky Home Guards. After Colonel J. H. Morgan had burned the town of Lebanon he moved through Springfield to Mackville, where he was attacked on the 14th by a detachment of home guards and several of his command were captured. These were recaptured the next day and Morgan moved toward Harrodsburg.


Macon, Georgia, July 30, 1864. (See Stoneman's Raid.) Macon, Georgia, November 21, 1864. 92nd Illinois Mounted Infantry. After the engagement at Walnut creek on the 20th this regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Matthew Van Buskirk, was assigned to the duty of rear-guard. About daylight on the 21st the pickets were attacked by a whole brigade of the enemy's cavalry. Skirmishing continued until about 9 o'clock, when the outpost was driven in and immediately afterward the Confederates charged. Van Buskirk waited until they were within easy range, when he gave the word to fire. The first volley sent them flying in all directions and no second attack was made. The Union loss was 2 men captured. From a prisoner it was learned that the enemy lost 65 men in killed and wounded.


Macon, Georgia, April 20, 1865. 2nd Cavalry Division, Military Division of Mississippi. This affair was the last engagement of Wilson's raid through Alabama and Georgia. When within 20 miles of Macon the advance division encountered a Confederate cavalry command of 400 men. By a series of brilliant charges by the 17th Indiana the enemy was driven from behind every barricade where he took refuge and was completely routed, throwing away arms and ammunition in the haste of his flight. When nine miles out of the city a Confederate flag of truce was met announcing an armistice between Sherman and Johnston, but Colonel Robt. H. G. Minty, commanding the advance, refused to honor it and gave it five minutes to get out of the way. The Federals then continued the charge and dashed over the works into the city, which was surrendered by General Howell Cobb. The results of the capture were 350 commissioned officers, 1,095 enlisted men, 60 pieces of artillery, a large amount of small arms, and all public works. The casualties were not reported.


Madison, Arkansas, March —, 1863. Detachments of 24th Indiana Infantry, 3d Iowa Cavalry, and 2nd Ohio Battery. During an expedition under Colonel Powell Clayton up the St. Francis river on the steamer Hamilton Belle, Clayton surprised and scattered a Confederate band of 75 men at Madison, capturing some 27 of the number. On the return the river was found blockaded by a chain stretched across between the piers of the bridge and the enemy drawn up to give battle. Clayton disembarked his men and attacked, driving the Confederates from the field. The latter left 4 dead, while Clayton had but 1 man wounded. After the passage had been cleared and the vessel passed the bridge it was fired into from the canebrake along shore. A few shots from the guns on board silenced the firing and the enemy withdrew. The expedition took from the 5th to the 12th, but from the reports the exact dates of the fights at Madison can not be determined.


Madison, Arkansas, April 4, 1863. 3d Iowa Cavalry. Madison, Arkansas, February 12, 1865. Detachment of the 87th Illinois Mounted Infantry. On returning toward Madison from a scout into the interior, this detachment under Lieut.-Colonel John M. Crebs had a severe skirmish with the enemy in which 2 of the latter were killed and 1 captured. One Union man was captured by having his horse shot under him. Madison Court House. Virginia, Sept 2t. 1863. 1st Cavalry Division, Page 581 Army of the Potomac. During a reconnaissance across the Rapidan river, Kilpatrick's division, having the advance, dashed into Madison Court House, surprised a party of 15 Confederate cavalry, and captured some 8 or 10 of them without casualty.


Madison Court House, Virginia, December 21, 1864. 1st Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Middle Military Division. During an expedition from Winchester toward Gordonsville, the 1st division went to Madison Court House, where it had a skirmish with Jackson's brigade of Confederate cavalry and drove it from the town with slight loss.


Madison Station, Alabama, May 17, 1864. 13th Illinois Infantry. The garrison of Madison, consisting of a detachment of the 13th HI., was attacked by two regiments of mounted infantry under Patterson, with 4 pieces of artillery. After a hard fight the Federals were obliged to abandon the stockade because of the enemy's heavy artillery fire and, with two of the companies which had been deployed as skirmishers, reformed behind the railroad embankment. Outnumbered four to one, the Union troops fell back to the water tank 3 miles east of the stockade, there rallied and attacked the pursuing column, driving it back to the outskirts of the town. About noon reinforcements arrived and the Confederates were driven from the place after they had destroyed all the camp and garrison equipage and carried off the provisions. The reinforcements pursued and came up with the enemy before his rear had recrossed the river, capturing 4 prisoners and 40 horses, with a loss of 2 or 3 wounded. In the first attack on the garrison some 40 or 50 prisoners were taken by the Confederates.


Madison Station, Alabama, November 26, 1864. 101st U. S. Colored Infantry.


Madisonville, Kentucky, August 25, 1862. Brigadier-General J. T. Boyle, reporting to Major-General Wright from Louisville, states: "Forces ordered from Henderson attacked rebels under Johnson at Madisonville; killed 6, captured 17, others fled." This is the only mention of the affair in the official records, so it is not known what forces were engaged.


Madisonville, Kentucky, October 5, 1862. 4th Indiana Cavalry.


Madisonville, Kentucky, March —, 1863. Detachment of 65th Indiana Infantry. Colonel John W. Foster of the 65th Indiana infantry reports that Lieut. G. W. Carey of his regiment with a detail of men attacked a party of 50 guerrillas in the vicinity of Madisonville and captured 6 of them. The exact date of the affair can not be determined from Foster's report.


Madisonville, Louisiana, January 3-7, 1864. Expeditionary forces. The occupation of Madisonville, on the north shore of Lake Pontchartrain, was for the purpose of obtaining supplies for the army at New Orleans. The expedition left that city on January 3, under command of Colonel W. W. Kimball, of the 12th Maine, and consisted of detachments of the 9th Connecticut and 12th Maine infantry, some convalescents of the 13th army corps, Squadron D, 2nd Louisiana cavalry, Battery A, 1st U. S. artillery, 4 guns of the 15th Massachusetts battery, and the gunboat Commodore—about 1,000 men in all. Upon the occupation of Madisonville scouts and patrols were sent out on the various roads, some skirmishing occurred, but the enemy was nowhere found in force and offered but slight resistance to the movement.


Madisonville, Louisiana, February 11, 1864. Detachment of 3d Maryland Cavalry. This detachment under Captain Adolph Bery was sent to the Fleming farm near Madisonville to ascertain the whereabouts Page 582 of a party of Confederates. While searching the woods near the river at this point they were f1red into by the enemy on the opposite side of the stream. Finding it impossible to cross and give pursuit, Bery started back for Madisonville, but had not proceeded far when he was attacked on the flank by 75 or 100 of the enemy. His men became confused and scattered, about 10 of the number, including Bery, being wounded and captured.


Madisonville, Mississippi, February 27, 1864. 33d Wisconsin Infantry. During the Meridian expedition the 33d Wisconsin was detached and ordered to destroy a bridge across the Pearl river at Madisonville. The regiment encountered a small body of the enemy near Smith's ferry, but the latter broke and fled after a brief resistance and the bridge was effectually destroyed. No casualties reported.


Mad River, California, May 14, 1862. (See Angel's Ranch.)


Magnolia Hills, Mississippi, May 1, 1863. (See Port Gibson.)


Magnolia Landing, Louisiana, June 16, 1864. U. S. Transport Landis. As the Landis was passing Magnolia landing, about 7 miles above Port Hudson, she was fired upon by the Confederate batteries. She soon signaled her distress and two gunboats dropped down from Bayou Sara, 3 miles above, when the Confederates withdrew their guns. Confederate reports say that the Landis afterward sank near Baton Rouge. (See also naval volume.)


Mallory's Cross Roads, Virginia, June 12, 1864. 1st Cavalry Division, Army of the Potomac. The division, commanded by Brigadier-General A. T. A. Torbert, with Davies' brigade of Gregg's division. was sent from Trevilian Station to make a reconnaissance on the Gordonsville road, and to secure a by-road leading to Mallory's ford on the North Anna river. At the junction of the Gordonsville and Charlottesville roads Torbert found the enemy strongly intrenched across both roads. One regiment and a section of artillery were placed in position to hold the Charlottesville road, Custer's brigade was advanced toward Gordonsville, and Merritt's brigade was thrown to the extreme right with instructions to turn the enemy's flank if possible. A general advance was then ordered and the Confederates were driven from their first line of intrenchments back to a position behind the railroad embankment, from which they could not be dislodged without severe loss, as they had been reinforced by two regiments of infantry from Gordonsville. Merritt therefore retired to Trevilian Station.


Malvern Hill, Virginia, July 1, 1862. The battle of Malvern Hill was the last of the engagements during the Seven Days' battles (q. v.). Malvern Hill, Virginia, August 5, 1862. Hooker's and Sedgwick's Divisions, Army of the Potomac. In order to ascertain the enemy's strength in the direction of Richmond and to carry out instructions from Washington, it was necessary that Malvern hill be taken. Accordingly at 5:30 a. m. of the 5th Major-General Joseph Hooker with his own division and Sedgwick's attacked a considerable Confederate force of artillery and infantry and drove it from the hill toward New Market, 4 miles distant, capturing 100 prisoners and killing and wounding several. Hooker's loss was 3 killed and 11 wounded.


Malvern Hill, Virginia, June 15, 1864. Detachment of the 2nd Brigade, 3d Cavalry Division, Army of the Potomac. Colonel George H. Chapman, commanding the brigade, with the 8th and 22nd New York, the 1st Vermont and a section of Fitzhugh's battery made a reconnaissance to Malvern hill, where he developed a considerable force of the enemy and engaged in a sharp skirmish. Finding himself greatly outnumbered, Chapman withdrew his men in good order and returned to his position at Philips' place.


Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, August 17, 1862. Kentucky Home Guards. A detachment made up of five different companies of home guards pursued a party of guerrillas for about 40 miles and overtook them at Mammoth cave on the 17th. The entire party, numbering 66 men, were either killed or captured, together with their arms und equipments and 43 horses, most of which had been stolen from Kentucky farmers.


Manassas, Virginia, July 21, 1861. (See Bull Run.) Manassas, Virginia, August 30, 1862. (See Bull Run, same date.) Manassas Gap, Virginia, November 6, 1862. Averell's Cavalry, Army of the Potomac. Major-General George B. McClellan, reporting to President Lincoln, on the operations in Loudoun county, states that General Averell encountered "a force of the enemy this morning at the mouth of Manassas gap, and drove them back into the pass, where they took up a position, supported by artillery." No casualties are reported. Manassas Gap, Virginia, July 21-22, 1863. Reserve Brigade Cavalry, Army of the Potomac. In the pursuit of Lee after the battle of Gettysburg, this brigade was detached from its division at Rectortown with orders to occupy Manassas gap. On the 21st the gap was taken and the summit held while the 1st U. S. cavalry pushed on toward Front Royal and engaged the enemy in superior numbers. The 5th and 2nd U. S. cavalry were sent to reinforce the 1st and in the skirmish which followed 27 of the enemy were captured. The following day there was continual skirmish1ng, although no concerted attempt was made to drive the Federals from their position. No casualties were reported. Manassas Gap, Virginia, July 23, 1863. (See Wapping Heights.)


Manassas Junction, Virginia, October 24, 1862. 1st Vermont and 3d Virginia Cavalry. This affair was a skirmish between a cavalry reconnoitering party and some Confederate cavalry. Neither details nor casualties were reported.


Manchester, Tennessee, March 17, 1864. 5th Tennessee Cavalry. Manchester Pike, Tennessee, January 5, 1863. Cavalry Corps, Army of the Cumberland. During the Stone's River campaign the cavalry in the advance encountered the Confederate pickets a mile out of Murfreesboro. After crossing a small creek 2 miles from the town the enemy commenced shelling the advancing column and Brigadier General D. S. Stanley, commanding the Union cavalry, deployed his men and advanced. Skirmishing was kept up for a distance of 6 miles, where the Confederates were found posted in force, but after a sharp fight they were driven from the field and Stanley returned to with1n a mile and a half of Murfreesboro to bivouac. The casualties were not reported.


Manchester Pike, Tennessee, February 22, 1863. Detachments of 1st Middle Tennessee and 4th Michigan Cavalry. A picket of 30 men of the 1st Middle Tennessee cavalry was about to be relieved by 30 men of the 4th Michigan when an attack was made by a considerable force of Confederate cavalry. Lieut. D. R. Snelling of the Tennessee regiment ordered the Michigan men to act as a reserve while his detachment was deployed across the road to check the enemy. The disposition had not been made when the Tennessee troops broke and fled in confusion, carrying the larger part of the Michigan men with them. Corp. John R. Ketchum of the Michigan regiment then rode to the front, and calling upon the men who were willing to help him, succeeded in rallying 4 from his own regiment and 2 of the Tennesseeans, with which small force he checked the enemy's advance. The enemy had 3 men wounded. No casualties were reported on the Union side.


Manscoe Creek, Tennessee, August 20, 1862. (See Louisville & Nashville R. R.) Man's Creek, Missouri, October 14, 1863. Detachment of 5th Missouri State Militia Cavalry. The detachment, under Lieut. M. S. Eddleman, while acting as escort for an enrolling officer had quite a skirmish with some 25 or 30 Confederates, the fight lasting about 10 minutes, during which time 2 of the enemy were killed and 2 others were badly wounded.


Mansfield, Louisiana, April 8, 1864. (See Sabine Cross Roads.) Mansura, Louisiana, May 16, 1864. Banks' Red River Expedition. As Banks' army was retiring from Alexandria the enemy was encountered in force at Smith's plantation on Bell prairie, not far from Mansura, drawn up in a position covering three roads, one of Which it was necessary should be cleared so the column could advance. The Federals got possession of a wood where a destructive fire could be poured into the Confederates, and after a fight of four hours, chiefly with artillery, Emory's division broke the enemy’s line on the right. Soon after this a detachment of the Army of the Tennessee under Brigadier-General A. J. Smith succeeded in turning the left, forcing the enemy from his position and driving him back through Moreauville and Simsport. No casualties reported.


Maple Leaf, U. S. S., June 10, 1863. The steamer left Williamsburg, at 1:30 p. m. for Fort Delaware, with 97 Confederate officers on board. On the way 67 of the prisoners overpowered the guard, took possession of the vessel and landed a little below Cape Henry, where they made their escape. The other 30 prisoners refused to take part in the affair and were returned to Fort Monroe. Cavalry was started in pursuit of those who escaped. The officer in charge of the guard was severely censured by General Dix for his negligence.


Maplesville, Alabama, April 1, 1865. (See Ebenezer Church.)


Marais des Cygnes, Missouri, September 27, 1863. Detachment of 9th Kansas Cavalry. While on a scout in Bates county, Captain G. F. Earl with a detail of the 9th Kansas, encountered the enemy at the crossing of Marais des Cygnes and a brief skirmish ensued, the result being the killing of 2 of the Confederates and the wounding of 2 of Earl's men.


Marais des Cygnes, Kansas, October 25, 1864. Provisional Cavalry Division, Department of the Missouri. In the pursuit of Price on his Missouri expedition, the cavalry under Brigadier-General Alfred Pleasanton, after marching 60 miles, caught up with him at Marais des Cygnes late on the 24th. Early the next morning the Confederates opened with artillery, but after a sharp fight of 2 hours the enemy was routed. A running fight was kept up to the crossing of the Little Osage river, or Mine creek, where the Confederates took up a strong position. So rapid had been the pursuit that but two brigades. Philips' and Benteen's, were within range when the enemy halted, but w1thout hesitation they charged and routed the Confederates, capturing Generals Marmaduke and Cabell and 1,000 of their men, besides 8 pieces of artillery, a quantity of arms, ammunition, etc. The losses in killed and wounded were not reported. Marianna, Arkansas, November 8, 1862. 3d and 4th Iowa and 9th Illinois Cavalry. As an incident of the expedition from Helena to Moro, Arkansas, Captain Marland L. Perkins with 560 men was detached from the main column at Moro and directed to proceed to Marianna. About 10 miles out from Moro about 100 Confederates fired on the party from ambush and at Marianna another band of 100 were drawn up across the road, but a charge of four companies easily drove them from their position. Near Anderson's plantation 50 of Page 585 the enemy opened fire from the top of a hill, but the 4th la. charged and dispersed them. While the Union troops were feeding their horses at La Grange 500 mounted Confederates attacked, coming within 100 yards of the camp before the howitzers could be brought into action, but as soon as the guns opened they retreated in disorder. The Confederate losses for the day were 50 killed and wounded, while the Union loss was 23 wounded.


Marianna, Florida, September 27, 1864. Detachments of 2nd Maine, 1st Florida cavalry and 82nd and 86th U. S. Colored Infantry. As an incident of an expedition from Barrancas the Confederates at Marianna were drawn up in front of the town to oppose the Federal advance. A charge by a battalion of the 2nd Maine was repulsed but a second attempt by a larger force succeeded in breaking the enemy's line. The Union troops then entered the town, where some 80 prisoners, 95 stands of arms, a considerable quantity of commissary stores and 400 head of cattle were taken. The Federal loss was 15 or 20 killed and wounded.


Marietta, Georgia, June 3-28, 1864. Sherman's Armies. Marietta is on the Western & Atlantic railroad, about 25 miles north of Atlanta. As General Sherman was driving the Confederate army under General J. E. Johnston back to the south side of the Chattahoochee river the country around Marietta was the scene of some sharp fighting, including the engagements at Gilgal Church, Lost mountain, Kolb's farm, Olley's creek. Kennesaw mountain, Smyrna Station, etc. Several cavalry skirmishes occurred near the town, though detailed reports of these minor engagements are lacking, from which to compile a full account. Marietta, Mississippi, August 19, 1862. Detachment of 7th Kansas Cavalry. Three hundred men of the 7th Kansas cavalry, under Colonel Albert L. Lee, came upon the Confederate pickets half a mile from Marietta. The enemy fired one volley and then retreated, but were so closely pressed that when they were joined by others and attempted to make a stand they were again routed. The pursuit continued through the town and 3 miles beyond and the Confederate camp was destroyed. None of the Federals were wounded or killed and the enemy suffered a loss of but 1 wounded. The affair was an incident of an expedition from Rienzi to Marietta and Bay Springs.


Marion, Arkansas, January 20-21, 1865. Expedition under Colonel Herman Lieb. The advance of the expedition was halted within a mile of Marion by two Confederate vedettes, but the latter were both captured and the Federals entered the town, skirmishing all the way, wounding 2 and capturing 1. The following day when the expedition started to return the enemy became bold and made a demonstration, but aside from a little skirmishing nothing was done. A detachment under Captain Moore joined the main command at 4 p. m., reporting a fight in which 1 of the enemy was killed, 1 wounded and 7 were captured.


Marion, Mississippi, February 15, 1864. Detachment of 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 16th Army Corps. The itinerary of this brigade from February 3 to March 31, 1864, during the Meridian campaign, states that on February 15 "The advance guard, three companies of the 25th Indiana, under Lieut.-Colonel Rheinlander, was fired upon by the enemy's cavalry from the town of Marion in some force. Two companies of the 25th Indiana and three companies of the 32nd Wisconsin with battery, were ordered up. The enemy were driven out of town rapidly, with loss of 4 killed and a number wounded, and the town was occupied."


Marion, Virginia, December 16, 1864. (See Wytheville, same date.) Marion, Virginia, December 17-18, 1864. Mounted forces under Major-General Page 586 George Stoneman. During Stoneman's expedition into southwestern Virginia the reinforced command of Breckenridge was met at Marion on the 17th. General Burbridge with two brigades of Kentucky (Union) troops was in the advance and was obliged to call for reinforcements, which were promptly supplied by Stoneman. Darkness stopped the fighting for the day, but early the next morning, when the Federals attempted to advance, a spirited resistance was met, and brisk skirmishing was kept up all day, or until General Gillem got to the left of the enemy and cut him off from Saltville. That night the Confederates crossed the mountains into North Carolina. The casualties were not definitely reported, but were rather severe on both sides.


Markham, Virginia, November 4, 1862. Detachment of Pleasonton's Cavalry. The detachment, commanded by Brigadier-General W. W. Averell, was sent out toward Markham, and there became so heavily engaged with a superior force of the enemy that Averell was obliged to call for reinforcements. Pleasonton despatched Gregg's brigade to Averell's assistance and the Confederates were compelled to withdraw from the contest. The losses were not reported, but were severe on both sides. The fighting was continued the next day at Barbee's cross-roads.


Marks' Mills, Arkansas, April 5, 1864. (See Camden, Arkansas, Expedition to.)


Marksville, Louisiana, May 15, 1864. (See Avoyelles Prairie.)


Marling's Bottom Bridge, West Virginia, December 11, 1863. The only mention in the official war records of this affair, which was an incident of the Federal raid on the Virginia & Tennessee railroad, is contained in the report of Colonel William L. Jones of the Confederate army, which says, "On the evening of the 11th instant, the enemy appeared in my front at Marling's Bottom bridge, driving in my p1ckets and scouts, with a force variously estimated from 2,000 to 3,000."


Marmiton, Missouri, October 25, 1864. (See Charlot.) Marrowbone, Kentucky, July 3, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3d Division, 23d Army Corps. Brigadier-General H. M. Judah, in his report of operations during Morgan's Ohio raid, says: "On the 3d instant, a portion of General Morgan's forces attempted to force the position at Marrowbone, held by my 2nd brigade, under Brigadier-General Hobson, and were handsomely repulsed." There is no mention of the casualties on either side.


Marshall, Missouri, July 28, 1863. 4th Missouri Militia Cavalry.


Marshall, Missouri, October 12-13, 1863(See Merrill's Crossing, same date.)


Marshfield, Missouri, February 9, 1862. Detachment of troops of Southwestern District of Missouri. Lieut.-Colonel Clark Wright with a battalion of cavalry entered Marshfield at 4 a. m., routing and pursuing a small party of the enemy that was running the mill. The pursuit resulted in the killing of 2, the wounding of 3 and the capture of 3 more with equipments, etc. The Federals suffered no casualties.


Marshfield, Missouri, February 14, 1862. 6th Missouri and 3d Illinois Cavalry.


Marshfield, Missouri, October 20, 1862. 10th Illinois Cavalry. On learning that a party of Confederates was moving up Niangua creek, making for a point 8 miles east of Marshfield, Lieut.-Colonel James Stuart with 105 men moved at 5 p. m. to intercept them. At 8:30 the enemy's pickets were driven in and the main body at once attacked, killing 4, wounding several more and capturing 27. The loss in Stuart's command was 1 killed and 1 wounded.


Martin Creek, Kentucky, July 10. 1863. Detachment of 25th Michigan Mounted Infantry. Colonel Orlando H. Moore of the 25th Michigan infantry reports from Lebanon under date of July 11:— "The party of mounted infantry commanded by Captain George W. Drye, 1st Kentucky cavalry, whom I despatched last night after rebels, attacked Lieut. Bullitt and 11 men on Martin creek; captured 9 men, horses, arms, etc., and mortally wounded Lieut. Bullitt.”


Martinsburg, Missouri, July 17, 1861. 1st Missouri Reserves (one company).


Martinsburg, West Virginia, July 2, 1861. (See Falling Waters.)


Martinsburg, West Virginia, September 11-12, 1862. (See Harper's Ferry, same date.)


Martinsburg, West Virginia, June 14, 1863. Detachments of 126th Ohio, 106th New York Infantry, Potomac Home Brigade, 1st New York and 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry, and Maulsby's West Virginia Battery. About 8 a. m. the vedettes at Martinsburg were driven in and Colonel Benjamin F. Smith, commanding the garrison, took position on the Winchester pike, but later changed to higher ground near the cemetery. About noon General A. G. Jenkins, commanding the Confederates, sent in a demand for a surrender, which was immediately refused by Smith. The Federal artillery managed to hold the enemy in check until the wagon train was well on the road to Williamsport and at sunset the order was given to withdraw. Just as the troops commenced to form for the march the Confederate guns secured the range and the fire caused some confusion in the Union ranks, resulting in some 200 men being captured. The Confederates lost 7 killed. The affair was an incident of the Gettysburg campaign.


Martinsburg, West Virginia, July 19, 1863. Detachment of 4th Separate Brigade, 8th Army Corps. While marching toward Martinsburg this brigade, under Brigadier-General William W. Averell, came upon and engaged the Confederate pickets until they were reinforced about noon, when Kelley ordered Averell to retire. The enemy followed for some distance but was dispersed by Ewing's battery. Eight Union men were wounded, and the enemy lost 5 killed and a few prisoners.


Martinsburg, West Virginia, August 19, 1864. One company of Cavalry of Averell's command.


Martinsburg, West Virginia, August 31, 1864. 2nd Cavalry Division, Army of West Virginia. The division, commanded by Bvt. Major-General W. W. Averell, was attacked by Rodes division of Breckenridge's corps and after a spirited skirmish fell back to Falling Waters, with a loss of 48 in killed and wounded. The Confederate loss was not learned.


Martinsburg, West Virginia, September 18, 1864. 2nd Cavalry Division, Army of West Virg1nia. Concerning this affair Bvt. Major-General W. W. Averell, commanding the division, says in his report: "The enemy, under Early in person, advanced a division of infantry, with a brigade of cavalry and 16 pieces of artillery, supported by a division of infantry at Bunker Hill, to Martinsburg, driving my 1st brigade across the Opequan after an obstinate resistance, in which several of the enemy were killed and captured."


Martin's Creek, Arkansas, January 7, 1864. 11th Missouri Cavalry.


Martin's House, Indian Territory, May 6, 1863. The report of Major T. R. Livingston, Confederate, states that a force under his command, scouting from the Creek agency, met a Federal scouting party near the house of Captain Martin on Cabin creek. The Union troops took shelter behind the buildings and all efforts on the part Page 588 of the enemy to draw them out were unavailing and the Confederates retired at dusk. The Federals had 1 man killed and 1 wounded; the enemy 3 wounded.


Martin's Lane, Louisiana, February 15, 1865. Detachment of 16th Indiana Mounted Infantry. Captain J. R. S. Cox, commanding a detachment of the 16th, reports that with 55 men he "met a party of rebels in Dr. Martin's lane. Pursued them until they scattered in the swamp." One Confederate captured was the only loss to either side.


Martinsville, North Carolina, April 8. 1865. 1st Brigade, Cavalry Division, Stoneman's Expedition. Colonel William J. Palmer joined the main cavalry division with his brigade on the 9th and reported having had a skirmish the day before with 300 Confederates at Martinsville. The result was the repulse of the enemy, of whom several were killed and wounded, and the capture of 20 horses. Palmer had an officer killed and 5 men wounded.


Maryland Heights, Maryland, September 12-13, 1862. (See Harper's Ferry, same date.)


Maryville, Tennessee, November 14, 1863. (See Huffs Ferry.)


Mason's Bridge, South Carolina, December 6-9, 1864. (See Deveaux's Neck.)


Mason's Neck, Virginia, February 24, 1862. 37th New York Infantry. Matadequin Creek, Virginia, May 30, 1864. (See Old Church, same date.)


Matagorda Peninsula, Texas, December 29-30, 1863. Detachment 13th Maine Infantry and Gunboats. Lieut.-Colonel Frank S. Hesseltine, with 100 men of the 13th Maine, was landed from the gunboat Granite City 7 miles from the head of the Peninsula for a reconnaissance. Owing to a heavy sea the troops were unable to reembark, and were compelled to fortify themselves behind a rough barricade of driftwood, sand etc. This work the enemy assaulted but were unable to take it or make any impression upon it. Next day the Confederate gunboat John F. Carr threw some shells into the barricade but without effect. When the sea became more quiet the troops were taken off by the gunboat Sciota, which had assisted in repulsing the attacks. There were no casualties on the Union side and only 2 of the enemy slightly wounded.


Mathias Point, Virginia, June 27, 1861. Colonel Daniel Ruggles of the Confederate army reports that the Federal steamer Freeborn attempted to land a detachment of troops on Mathias point under cover of the fire of guns on board the vessel. The Confederate pickets were driven back, a landing was effected and the Union men had begun the building of a sandbag breastwork before the Confederates rallied and drove them off. No casualties were reported. There is no Federal mention of the affair.


Matthews' Ferry, Mississippi, June 20, 1863. (See Senatobia, same date.)


Mayfield, Kentucky, January 12, 1864. 58th Illinois Infantry.


Mayfield Creek, Kentucky, September 22, 1861. Pickets of 7th Iowa Infantry. The outposts of the regiment stationed at Elliott's mills on Mayfield creek (8 or 10 in number) were attacked by Confederate cavalry, but the enemy were repulsed with a loss of 4 in killed and wounded. No casualties among the Union troops.


Maysville, Alabama, August 28, 1863. 4th Kentucky Cavalry.


Maysville, Alabama, October 13, 1863. 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. Colonel Oscar H. La Grange in his report of the pursuit of Wheeler and Roddey states that his regiment "marched to Maysville, where the advance of the division had a slight skirmish with the advance of Roddey's command on the eve of the 13th." No other mention is made of the affair in the official records of the war.


Maysville, Alabama, November 17, 1864. Detachments 12th Indiana and 4th Michigan Cavalry. The Union troops, commanded by Colonel J. W. Hall, encountered the enemy's pickets about 2 miles from Maysville and drove them back to the town, skirmishing all the way. No casualties were reported. Maysville, Arkansas, October 22, 1862. (See Old Fort Wayne, same date.)


Maysville, Arkansas, January —, 1863. Detachment of 3d Brigade, 1st Division, Army of the Frontier. This affair was an attack by a Federal detachment under Captain H. S. Anderson upon some 200 Confederates, in which the Union force was successful, 25 or 30 of the Confederates being killed. No Federal casualties were reported.


Maysville, Arkansas, September 5. 1863. Detachments of 1st Arkansas and 2nd Kansas Cavalry. This detachment, acting as an escort for Captain John Gardner, bearing despatches between Federal commanders, was attacked in force near Maysville after having driven back several small parties of Confederates. At the enemy's charge a portion of the Federals turned and ran and the rest, on finding themselves about to be flanked, moved back to Hog-Eye and then to Round Prairie. It was finally necessary for them to surrender, after losing 1 man killed and 2 wounded.


Maysville, Arkansas, May 8, 1864. Detachment of 3d Indian Home Guard. Colonel C. W. Blair, commandant of the post of Fort Scott, Kansas, reports the receipt of the following from Colonel William A. Phillips of the 3d Indian Home Guard: "Captain Anderson, with a small command from this place, who was out on a reconnaissance after Adair, had n fight on the 8th with a portion of the rebel forces 10 miles northeast of Maysville. The rebels lost 6 killed. Anderson has 2 badly wounded."


Mazzard's Prairie, Arkansas, July 27. 1864. (See Fort Smith.)


Meadow Bluff, West Virginia. December 14, 1863. (See Big Sewell Mountain.)


Meadow Bridge, Virginia, May 12, 1864. Detachments of 1st Brigade, 1st Division and Reserve Brigade, Cavalry Corps. Army of the Potomac. During the campaign from the Rapidan to the James the 5th Michigan cavalry was ordered at daylight to cross the Chickahominy at Meadow bridge. The Confederates destroyed the bridge on the approach of the force, but a crossing was effected on the railroad bridge and the enemy driven back half a mile into his intrenchments upon a hill. Reinforcements were sent up at this time and after an hour's engagement the Confederates were flanked and routed. The losses, although not definitely reported, were not heavy.


Mechanicsburg, Mississippi, May 29, 1863. Expeditionary Forces. Major-General Frank P. Blair, commanding an expedition from Haynes' bluff to Mechanicsburg, reported from the latter place on the 29th as follows: "My advance came up with about 40o or 500 of the enemy at this place about 1:30 p. m. today. They were driven back after a slight resistance, and have fled beyond the Big Black river." No mention of casualties.


Mechanicsburg, Mississippi, June 4. 1863. Kimball's Provisional Division. This was an incident of Blair's expedition from Haynes' bluff. Brigadier-General Nathan Kimball debarked his troops at Satartia at 11 a. m. and immediately moved out on the Mechanicsburg road. On the hills just outside of Satartia he encountered the enemy, who fell back, skirmishing sharply, until Mechanicsburg was reached. Here Kimball found the Confederates drawn up in line of battle to offer resistance. One brigade was ordered to attack, and this force was sufficient to dislodge the enemy. Just as the Confederates broke the cavalry came up and took up the pursuit, driving the enemy in confusion Page 590 toward the Big Black river. The casualties were slight on both sides.


Mechanicsville, Virginia, May 23-24, 1862. 3d Brigade, 2nd Division, 4th Army Corps. Brigadier-General John W. Davidson, commanding the brigade, was ordered about noon on the 23d to move his command up to Mechanicsville to protect General Stoneman's advance, which was to operate on the railroad. Stoneman encountered the enemy near Ellison's mill, about a mile from the town, and after an artillery duel of half an hour silenced their guns. Davidson then crossed the creek, threw out strong pickets and made other preparations to attack the place early the next morning. The attack was made at daylight on the 24th, but was met by a severe fire of artillery and musketry from behind the buildings, trees and hedges. Davidson soon had all his artillery in action and sent back to Stoneman for more. Stoneman sent forward part of Tidball's battery, which, uniting with Davidson's batteries, concentrated their fire and quickly drove the enemy from his cover. Colonel McKean, with the 77th New York, happened to occupy a position favorable to immediate pursuit and entered the town on the heels of the retreating Confederates, capturing a few prisoners and a stand of colors. The pursuit was continued until the enemy crossed the Chickahominy at New Bridge. Davidson's loss was 2 killed and 11 wounded. While this engagement was in progress some of the officers and attaches of the topographical engineers, escorted by a detachment of the 4th Michigan under Colonel Woodbury and a squadron of the 2nd U. S. cavalry, Captain Gordon commanding, started out to make a reconnaissance of the Chickahominy from New Bridge to a point 2 miles above. Near the house of a Mr. Hogan, about half a mile above the bridge, a small body of skirmishers were thrown across the river at a ford, after which the whole line, forming perpendicular to the river, made a dash for the bridge. About 300 yards from the bridge the enemy was encountered, but a charge drove him back. Captain Gordon then charged down to the bridge to cut off the enemy on the opposite side, but on arriving he found the bridge destroyed and the stream not fordable for cavalry. The 4th Michigan was sent across the river under a severe fire and formed in a ditch on the other bank, holding the bridge and driving the Confederates back beyond range of their muskets. The enemy then opened with artillery, and soon afterward, reinforcements coming up, they charged the Michigan men, only to be repulsed with heavy Toss. Woodbury held his position in the ditch until his ammunition was about exhausted, when he gave the order to recross the river. He reported his loss as 1 killed and 7 wounded. The enemy that charged him was the Louisiana Tigers, and their loss was about 150 in killed and wounded and 37 captured. Mechanicsville, Virginia, June 26, 1862. The battle at Mechanicsville on this date marks the beginning of McClellan's change of base to the James river and is treated under the head of the Seven Days' Battles, (q. v.)


Mechanicsville, Virginia, May 12, 1864. Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. At 11 p. m. on the 11th the corps, Major-General P. H. Sheridan commanding, moved from Yellow tavern, Wilson's division in advance, for the purpose of crossing the Chickahominy and marching between that stream and the Richmond defenses to the James river. Wilson encountered a small picket soon after crossing the Virginia Central railroad, and about daylight on the 12th, while near Mechanicsville, the division was fired on from the inner line of the Richmond fortifications. Both brigades were dismounted and the batteries placed in position to fire on a line of works about 300 yards distant, Page 591 from which the enemy had also opened with artillery. A sharp skirmish was kept up for several hours. Gregg was sent to Wilson's support and the two divisions repulsed two sorties from the enemy's works, while the 1st division forced a crossing above Meadow bridge. The whole corps then withdrew to Mechanicsville and from there moved down the north bank of the Chickahominy.


Mechump's Creek, Virginia, May 31, 1864. 3d Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. The division, Brigadier-General J. H. Wilson commanding, left Crump's swamp at sunrise and moved toward Hanover Court House. A body of Confederate cavalry was encountered near Dr. Price's house and the skirmishing at once commenced. After a sharp fight the enemy was driven across Mechump's creek and Wilson posted pickets on the roads, after which he opened communications with the right of the army at Phillips' mill. Casualties slight on both sides.


Medley, West Virginia, January 30, 1864. 23d Illinois Infantry and 4th West Virginia Cavalry. Lieut.-Colonel James Quirk with the 23d Illinois, forming the advance of a force guarding a wagon train, was attacked by the enemy at Medley and compelled to fall slowly back. When the 4th West Virginia, came up Colonel Joseph Snider assumed command and succeeded in holding the Confederates in check for an hour and a half, but was finally driven back. The teamsters and train-masters meantime became alarmed, and cutting the harness of the draft horses used them to make their escape, leaving the wagons without means of being moved. The enemy burned about 40 and carried off the remainder. The Federal loss in the engagement was 5 killed, 34 wounded and 35 captured or missing. The Confederate casualties were 25 killed and wounded, by Early's report, to whose force the attacking party belonged.


Medon, Tennessee, August 13, 1862. Tennessee Home Guards. Brigadier General Leonard F. Ross in a despatch to Major-General McClernand states: "A skirmish took place at 1 o'clock today between a guerrilla band and a company of 18 Home Guards about 8 miles southeast of Medon." One Union man was killed, and the Confederate loss was not known.


Medon, Tennessee, August 31, 1862. 45th Illinois and 7th Missouri Infantry. After the repulse of the Confederates at Bolivar they attacked Federal detachments along the line of the Mississippi Central railroad. These detachments being small concentrated at Medon, where about 3 p. m. of the 31st the enemy attacked in force, but was held in check by the 45th Illinois until the arrival by train of the 7th Missouri The latter regiment charged and drove the Confederates from the town, killing several and capturing a number of prisoners. No loss was reported on the Federal side.


Melville, Missouri, June 14, 1864. Citizen Guards. A band of 75 bushwhackers entered Melville about sunrise, surprised the citizen guards and the few militia in the town, and killed several of them. After sacking the town the outlaws set fire to the buildings and left.


Memphis, Missouri, July 18, 1862. 2nd Missouri Cavalry and 11th Missouri Infantry (Militia). About noon detachments of these two regiments, under Major John Y. Clopper, encountered the combined Confederate forces of Porter and Dunn, and after a desperate fight of over 3 hours the enemy was routed. In the pursuit the Federals were drawn into an ambush, which resulted in the loss of 83 killed or wounded. The enemy's loss was not learned.


Memphis, Tennessee, June 6, 1862. U. S. Gunboats Benton, Carondelet, Lou1sville, Cairo and St. Louis; Rams Monarch and Queen of the Page 592 West, and Fitch's Brigade. Fort Pillow was evacuated by the Confederates on the 4th and the fleet, commanded by Flag-Officer C. H. Davis, accompanied by the rams under command of Colonel Charles Ellet, Jr., dropped down the river to Memphis. There the Confederates had a fleet of 8 vessels, viz: the M. Jeff Thompson, Lovell. Little Rebel, Sumter, General Price. General Beauregard, General Bragg and the Van Dorn, all under the command of Captain J. E. Montgomery. About 5:30 a. m. on the 6th the Thompson and Lovell were encountered a short distance above the landing. The Union gunboats formed for the attack with the rams in advance, and moved on the enemy. Both rams struck the Lovell in quick succession and sunk her with most of her crew in the middle of the river. A shell set fire to the Thompson, causing her commander to run her to the bank, where she burned to the water's edge. The Beauregard, through being badly handled, ran into the Price and tore off one of her wheels. While the two boats were thus tangled up they were both sunk by the rams. The Little Rebel, Montgomery's flag-ship, was pierced by a solid shot below the water line and another passed through her boilers, compelling the crew to take to the water. The Sumter and Bragg ran aground and were captured. The Van Dorn and a store-boat called the Paul Jones succeeded in making their escape. By 7 o'clock the fleet was annihilated and Davis sent a communication to the mayor of the city demanding its surrender to the Federal authorities. This request was promptly complied with and at 3 p. m. Colonel Fitch took formal possession of the city. During the engagement the banks of the river were lined with spectators, many of whom were silently praying for the triumph of the Union fleet.


Memphis, Tennessee, August 21, 1864. Troops of the District of Mem phis. About 4 a. m. three brigades of Forrest's cavalry approached Memphis after a forced march from Oxford. About a third of the force was detached to dash over the pickets and into the city, while the remainder engaged the Union troops encamped outside. The pickets were easily driven back and a body of 100-days' men was dispersed. An attempt to take the officers of the garrison failed, and meantime the provost-guard rallied and drove out the Confederates who had entered the city. The fight on the outskirts lasted until o a. m., when Forrest retired on the Hernando road. The Federal loss was 15 killed, 65 wounded and 116 captured or missing. Forrest in a telegram placed his loss at 20 killed and wounded.


Memphis, Tennessee, September 12, 1864. Patrol from 2nd Cavalry Division. District of West Tennessee. As a patrol from Memphis was approaching a bridge 12 miles out it was attacked by some 200 Confederates on both flanks and the front. The Federals soon learned that the enemy was too strong for them and broke for the swamp. They arrived in camp, having lost 2 men killed, 2 missing and 1 wounded. Memphis, Tennessee, October .4. 1864. One company 7th Indiana Cavalry.


Memphis, Tennessee, December 14. 1864. (See Germantown Road, same date.)


Memphis, Tennessee. February 9, 1865. Detachments of 2nd Arkansas, 2nd Missouri, and 1st Iowa Cavalry. Lieut. L. N. Garrett, commanding the escort of a wood train, was attacked by a superior force of Confederate cavalry as soon as his command reached the woodyard and after a fight of a few minutes was driven back, the enemy capturing the wagons and mules. Pursuit was made as quickly as word reached the main camp, but it was of no avail. Garrett reported 1 man killed, 5 wounded and 6 captured in the encounter, while the Confederates were known to have had 1 man killed.


Meriwether's Ferry, Tennessee, August 16, 1862. Detachment of 2nd Illinois Cavalry. One company of the 2nd Illinois cavalry, 60 men, under Colonel Thomas W. Harris of 54th Illinois infantry, attacked 150 Confederates at Meriwether's ferry on the Obion river in Dyer county and completely routed them, in a half hour's fight after pursuing them for 30 miles. Confederate reinforcements attempted to cross the river but were either killed or compelled to fall back. The enemy's loss was estimated at 37 killed and drowned, a large number wounded and 10 captured. The Union loss was 3 killed and 6 wounded.


Meriwether's Ferry, Tennessee, November 19, 1863. Detachment of 2nd Illinois Cavalry. Captain Franklin Moore reporting under date of Nov, 20, says: "I attacked the devils at Meriwether's ferry, at noon, yesterday. I whipped them and killed 11 men, and took Colonel Sol. G. Street and 55 men; also one wagon-load of arms and some horses. My loss none, except 1 man wounded."


Merrill's Crossing, Missouri, October 12-13, 1863. U. S. Troops of District of Central Missouri. After pursuing Shelby in his raid through a number of places he was finally compelled to make a stand at Merrill's crossing on the Black Water river, on the evening of the 12th. The action began about 6 p. m. and continued until darkness put an end to it. Lieut.-Colonel B. F. Lazear, with 900 men, moved south at 3 a. m. next day to intercept the enemy at Marshall. This move was successful, Lazear moving in advance of the enemy and occupying Marshall, where he was attacked at 8 a. m. by the Confederates. About 9:30 a. m. the remainder of the Federal forces came up, but finding the enemy disputing the passage of the river a crossing was effected farther down, the rear of the enemy was attacked and he soon gave way, retreating in 2 columns, both closely pursued by the victorious Union troops. The casualties were not reported.


Mesilla, New Mexico, July 25, 1861. Detachment of 7th U. S. Infantry. Major Isaac Lynde, with six companies of the 7th U. S. infantry moved from Fort Fillmore on Mesilla. When within 2 miles of the town he sent a summons to surrender to the commander of the garrison, which was immediately refused. The Federals then moved forward and threw a few shells into the town, which were replied to by a volley of musketry from the cornfields on the right of the road. After some desultory firing Lynde withdrew, having had 2 killed and 4 wounded.


Messinger's Ferry, Mississippi, June 29, 1863. Detachments of 11th Iowa Infantry, 11th Illinois Cavalry and 10th Iowa Battery. On the arrival of this command under Major Charles Foster at Messinger's ferry the enemy's pickets were discovered posted behind an old corn crib on the eastern side of the Big Black river. The cavalry and one company of infantry were deployed as skirmishers near the bank of the river and the artillery planted on a hill a third of a mile to the rear. After half an hour's skirmishing the Confederates retired. The losses were not reported. The affair was an incident of the Vicksburg campaign.


Messinger's Ferry, Mississippi, July 3, 1863. Detachments of the 15th Iowa Cavalry and 10th Ohio Battery. This detachment, guarding Messinger's ferry, dispersed a squad of Confederate pickets and scouts about daylight. No casualties were reported. Messinger's Ferry, Mississippi, July 4, 1863. Detachments of nth Illinois Cavalry and 16th Iowa Infantry. This command crossed at Messinger's ferry to clear the road on the farther side of Big Black river, but had not proceeded far when it encountered the enemy's skirmishers. The Confederates were driven until Page 594 reinforcements of artillery, cavalry and infantry came up and compelled the Federal force to fall back to the river and later in the day to cross it. The casualties were not reported. This incident was at the beginning of Sherman's expedition against Jackson, Mississippi


Messinger’s Ford, Mississippi, July 6, 1863. 3d Division, 15th Army Corps. This division, under Brigadier-General James M. Tuttle, moved across the Big Black river on the way from Vicksburg to Jackson. From the time of crossing (3 p. m.) there was continuous skirmishing with the enemy until the Bolton road was reached, where the division bivouacked. There were no casualties reported. Metamora, Tennessee, October 5, 1862. (See Hatchie Bridge.)


Miami, Missouri, April 24, 1865. Detachment 48th Wisconsin Infantry. Colonel Chester Harding, Jr., commanding the District of Central Missouri, sent the following despatch from Warrensburg on the 26th: "Captain Felker, Company A, 48th Wisconsin, reports that on the 24th instant he had a skirmish with 13 bushwhackers, killing 7 of them and capturing all their horses and horse equipments. Captain Felker's company was one sent to Miami."


Middlebrook, Virginia, June 10, 1864. 2nd Infantry Division, Army of West Virginia. Brigadier-General George Crook in reporting the operations of his brigade in the Lynchburg campaign says of the Middlebrook affair: "I marched on the morning of the 10th on the Lexington road via Middlebrook; met McCausland's brigade, some 1,500 strong, 2 miles from Staunton. By skirmishing with my advance and occupying strong positions along the road ahead of me, he endeavored to retard my march, but his loss of killed and wounded that fell into my hands was more than double mine."


Middleburg, Tennessee, December 24, 1862. Detachments of the 12th Michigan Infantry and Grierson's Cavalry. After the Confederate force under Van Dorn had been driven from Bolivar, Grierson pursued to Middleburg, which was at that time garrisoned by 200 men of the 12th Michigan infantry under Colonel Graves. Van Dorn made a desperate attack on the garrison, but Graves resisted stoutly, and while the action was going on the Confederates were attacked in the rear by Grierson. The enemy was thrown into some confusion and retreated on the Van Buren road, a round from Curtis' battery serving to accelerate his movement. No casualties reported.


Middleburg, Virginia, March 27, 1862. U. S. Troops under Colonel John W. Geary. When Geary approached Middleburg he learned that it was occupied by 400 Confederate infantry and cavalry, but by the time he arrived the enemy had fled. Pursuit was immediately given, the artillery coming close enough to the rear-guard to fire several shells into it which caused great confusion.


Middleburg, Virginia, January 27, 1863. (See Fairfax Court House, same date.)


Middleburg, Virginia, June 17-19, 1863. Cavalry. Army of the Potomac. On the morning of the 17th Colonel A. N. Duffie, commanding the 1st Rhode Island cavalry, less than 300 men, was ordered to move with his regiment from Manassas Junction by way of Thoroughfare gap to Middleburg, thence by way of Union and Snickersville to Noland's ferry, where he was to join his brigade. At Thoroughfare gap a strong skirmish line of the enemy's was encountered, but by making a demonstration on his left Duffie managed to pass through the gap, the enemy following on his rear but without making any serious attack. About 4 p. m. Duffie reached Middleburg, where he captured the first picket and ordered Captain Allen to charge the Confederate detachment in the town. Allen cut off the rear-guard of Stuart's cavalry and after a half-hour's fighting succeeded in driving Page 595 it from the town. Duffie learned that General Stuart, with 2,000 cavalry and 4 pieces of artillery, had left Middleburg but a short time before, taking the road to Aldie. Orders were given to barricade the roads and Captain Allen was sent to Aldie, where General Kilpatrick was supposed to be, asking that officer for reinforcements. Skirmishing was kept up until 7 p. m., when the enemy appeared in great force on the roads from Aldie, Union and Upperville and surrounded the town. Duffie was determined not to surrender and disposed his little force to the best advantage to repel the assault that he now felt certain was to come. Three desperate charges were repulsed, in which the Union loss was 5 officers and 27 men killed, after which Duffie fell back to Little river, northeast of Middleburg and went into bivouac, throwing out a strong picket line along the river to guard against a surprise. A second despatch was sent to Kilpatrick asking for reinforcements, but the party bearing it was never heard of afterward. At 3:30 a. m. on the 18th scouts brought in word that the roads in all directions were full of Confederate cavalry and the regiment started immediately for Aldie. It was soon met by a heavy fire and a demand for surrender. Instead of complying the fire was returned with vigor and for more than an hour the fight was kept up at close range, when Duffie reached the road to Hopewell gap. At 1:30 p. m. he reached camp near Centerville with 4 officers and 27 men—all that was left of his regiment. The colors were destroyed to prevent them falling into the hands of the enemy. While Duffie was falling back from Middleburg General Pleasonton, commanding the cavalry corps, sent Colonel J. I. Gregg's brigade to make a reconnaissance in that direction and to assist Duffie if possible. Gregg reached Middleburg about 3 p. m., took possession of the town and held it until evening, when he was ordered to fall back toward Aldie. Next morning the brigade again advanced and a gallant charge by the 4th Pennsylvania cleared Middleburg of the enemy, who took up a strong position on a wooded height about a mile from town on the Upperville road. About this time Brigadier-General D. McGregg arrived with the remainder of the 2nd division and immediately disposed his men for an attack. Dismounted skirmishers were thrown to the right and left of the pike, while the main body of the division was formed for a charge down the road. This charge was stubbornly resisted, but the Confederates were finally forced to give way, leaving their dead and wounded on the field. A large number were captured and the Union troops remained in undisputed possession of the field. Gregg's loss was not reported.


Middleburg, Virginia, February 16, 1865. (See Aldie, same date.)


Middle Creek, Kentucky, January 10, 1862. 18th Brigade, Army of the Ohio. At 8 p. m. of the 9th this brigade, under Colonel James A. Garfield, advanced to Abbott's creek, where it was learned that a force of Confederates under General Humphrey Marshall was encamped on Middle creek near Prestonburg, 3 miles above. At 4 a. m. next day Garfield started his men in the direction of the enemy but the engagement did not commence until after noon. A shell from the Confederate artillery showed his position and Garfield deployed his skirmishers accordingly. The heaviest skirmishing occurred on the Federal left, where the enemy had occupied the crest of a steep ridge. At 4 p. m. 700 reinforcements came to Garfield from Paintsville and with the aid of these he slowly drove the enemy from his position, notwithstanding his superior strength. The Federal loss was 3 killed and 20 wounded. Marshall reported his casualties at 9 Page 596 killed and 1 1 wounded, but Garfield states that his force buried 25 of the Confederate dead. Middle Fork Bridge, Virginia, July 6-7, 1861. Confederate reports state that on the 6th 100 Federals made an attack on the Confederate pickets at the bridge and were repulsed, leaving 1 dead, while pickets had 3 wounded. A large Federal force which appeared later in the day compelled the pickets to withdraw. Next day a portion of the 20th Virginia drove in the Federal pickets at the bridge, but found the guard too strong to be successfully attacked.


Middleton, Tennessee, January 5, 1862. Cavalry of the Army of the Cumberland.


Middleton, Tennessee, January 31, 1863. Captain L W. Battle of the 51st Alabama, Confederate cavalry reports that a body of Federal cavalry drove in the pickets at Middleton and advanced within 100 yards of the camp. The Confederates were ordered to mount, but instead of advancing against the Union force turned and fled in wild confusion, the Federals pursuing. The affair was an incident of an expedition to Franklin, Tennessee, under Brigadier-General Jefferson C. Davis, of the 1st division of the 20th army corps. The only mention of it is in the report of Battle, so there is no way of knowing exactly what Union organizations were engaged. It is probable, however, that the 2nd and 3d Tennessee cavalry were the Union participants.


Middleton, Tennessee, May 22, 1863. 2nd Division Cavalry. Army of the Cumberland, and 39th Indiana Mounted Infantry. As an incident of an expedition from Murfreesboro to Middleton the Union advance, a squadron of the 4th U. S. cavalry, charged into and drove the enemy from a camp near Middleton. Most of the Confederates took refuge in a second camp, which this squadron, under Lieut. William O'Connell, charged and cleared in turn. Through some mistake the remainder of the column failed to support O'Connell at once and he was obliged to fall back fighting for a short distance until a portion of the 4th Ohio came up. The Federals captured some 80 prisoners, destroyed 600 stands of arms and lost 9 men killed and wounded.


Middleton, Tennessee, June 24. 1863. 1st Cavalry Division, Army of the Cumberland. When Brigadier-General Robert B. Mitchell's division approached Middleton his skirmishers struck those of the enemy one mile from the town. The 1st Wisconsin was deployed on the right and 2nd Indiana on the left of the road as skirmishers and advanced, steadily driving the Confederates into the town and to the hills beyond. There their sharpshooters in log houses severely annoyed the Union skirmishers, and Mitchell ordered up a section of artillery which easily drove them off. About dark, the infantry column which Mitchell was waiting for not having arrived, he ordered a charge, which sent the Confederates out of sight. The casualties on the Confederate side were said to be 30 killed and more wounded; the Union losses were not reported.


Middleton, Tennessee, January 14, 1864. 35th Iowa Volunteers.


Middletown, Maryland, September 13, 1862. (See Catoctin Mountain.)


Middletown, Maryland, July 7, 1864. (See Hager's Mountain.)


Middletown, Virginia, May 24, 1862. Cavalry Corps, Army of the Shenandoah. The 1st battalion of 1st Maine cavalry and two companies of the 1st Vermont had been directed to make a reconnaissance toward Front Royal from Middletown. About 5 miles out they encountered a heavy artillery, infantry and cavalry force of the enemy and fell back slowly to Middletown, where the rest of the cavalry joined the detachment. Through some mistake Major William D. Collins of the 1st Vermont charged with the companies of his Page 597 regiment and a portion of the 1st Maine which resulted in a large number of his men being cut off and either killed or captured. The cavalry then attempted to join the main column under General Banks, but were repulsed and compelled to fall back to Newtown and eventually to Winchester, fighting all the way. The losses, though not reported, were heavy on both sides.


Middletown, Virginia, June 12, 1863. (See Winchester, June 13-15.) Middletown, Virginia, September 20, 1864. Wilson's Cavalry Division. When the Confederate army was routed at Winchester on the 19th Wilson pursued to Kernstown. The next morning the pursuit was renewed and the rear-guard was overtaken at Middletown. Devin's brigade drove them across Cedar creek and followed to Fisher's Hill, while another portion of the command turned toward Front Royal and drove the enemy's cavalry to the south side of the Shenandoah. No casualties reported.


Middletown, Virginia, October 19, 1864. (See Cedar Creek.)


Middleway, Virginia, August 21, 1865. Cavalry of the Army of West Virginia, and the 6th Army Corps. The Confederates crossed the Opequan in force during the forenoon of the 21st and made a vigorous attack on the pickets of Wilson's cavalry division, driving them back on the main body and then trying to interpose between the division and the army, which was then located near Charlestown. Wilson was ordered to fall back in the direction of Berryville and join Merritt's division. General Wright, commanding the 6th corps, upon hearing that the enemy had crossed the Opequan, sent orders to his division commanders to hold their men in readiness to repel an attack. Before these orders were fully delivered firing was heard along the picket lines in the direction of Middleway. The sudden attack was almost a surprise, but Ricketts' (3d) division was quickly thrown into position on the left, where the line was in danger of being driven in, and Wright held his ground until reinforced by the 1st division of the 19th corps on his right and some of General Crook's command on his left. At midnight, pursuant to orders from General Sheridan, the whole force moved to its old position at Halltown. The Federal loss at Middleway was about 260 in killed, wounded and missing, most of the casualties occurring in Getty's (2nd) division.


Milford, Missouri, December 18, 1861. Detachments of 1st Iowa and 4th U. S. Cavalry. Brigadier-General John Pope, commanding a large reconnoitering party, detached seven companies under Colonel J. C. Davis to attack the Confederates at Milford. Late on the afternoon of the 18th Davis came upon the enemy encamped in a wooded bottomland on the west side of the Blackwater river near Milford. The Confederate pickets were driven in across the stream, only passable by a small bridge which was held in force by the enemy. Lieut. Gordon of Company D, 4th U. S. charged and carried the bridge, when another company of the regulars came across and the Confederates were pressed so closely that they were compelled to surrender. Some 1,300 men, 1,000 stands of arms, 65 wagons loaded with powder, and a quantity of tents, etc. fell into Federal hands. Two of the attacking party were killed and 8 wounded.


Milford, Virginia, June 24, 1862. Detachments of the 1st Michigan and the 1st Maine Cavalry. As a reconnoitering force under Major Charles H. Town approached Milford it was met by Confederate pickets who were driven back through the town upon their main column posted in a woods beyond. On ascertaining that the thickness of the tress and the underbrush would not allow of a cavalry movement and that the enemy was attempting to flank him, Town withdrew to Bentonville. No casualties reported.


Milford, Virginia, April 18, 1864. (See Bristoe Station, same date.)


Milford, Virginia, October 26, 1864. 2nd Cavalry Division. Army of the Shenandoah. On the 25th Brig-General W. H. Powell, commanding the division, moved his entire force, except a small camp-guard, to a convenient position for an attack on the enemy's works on the north side of Milford creek. At daylight on the 26th he attacked the Confederate position on the right flank and front, supporting the attack with a vigorous fire of artillery. In this assault Powell expected the cooperation of Colonel Kidd's brigade, but Kidd missed the route and did not arrive in time to strike the enemy on the rear as intended. Owing to a lack of adequate force, Powell could not drive the Confederates from their works, but he managed to keep them in their trenches until late in the day, when he received orders to move to Guard hill, where he arrived at 10 p. m.


Milford Station, Virginia, May 20, 1864. 1st Cavalry Division, Army of the Potomac.


Mill Creek, Missouri, May 30-31, 1864. Detachment of 8th Missouri State Militia Cavalry. This force under Captain John R. Kelso, while scouting in the direction of Huff's mill in Arkansas, encountered a party of guerrillas near Mill creek and in the skirmish succeeded in killing 2 of them. The following day another party was attacked on Honey creek, 2 more were killed and 1 wounded. No casualties were sustained by the militiamen.


Mill Creek, North Carolina, March 22, 1865. (See Bentonville.)


Mill Creek, Tennessee, January 25, 1863. Train Guard and Detachment of 10th Michigan Infantry. A train carrying provisions was attacked by a party of Confederate cavalry near the Mill creek bridge of the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad. Before the detachment of 28 men could come up from the bridge the enemy had captured 25 of the train-guard and set fire to the cars. The reinforcement succeeded in driving the Confederates away.


Mill Creek Bridges, Missouri, April 24, 1863. Detachments of 24th Missouri Infantry and 1st Missouri State Militia. During Marmaduke's expedition into Missouri he attacked the guard at Mill creek bridges, but after a fight of some time he was repulsed, leaving 3 dead and 12 wounded on the field. The Federal loss was 1 killed.


Mill Creek Gap, Georgia, May 8-11, 1864. (See Rocky Face Ridge.)


Mill Creek Valley, West Virginia, November 13, 1863. Troops not stated.


Miller, Steamer, Capture of, August 7, 1864. (See Arkansas River.)


Millerstown, Pennsylvania, July 3, 1863. (See Fairfield.)


Milliken's Bend, Louisiana, August 18, 1862. (See Fair Play, capture of.)


Milliken's Bend, Louisiana, June 7, 1863. African Brigade, 23d Iowa Infantry and Gunboats Lexington and Choctaw. At 3 a. m. of the 7th a large Confederate force under McCulloch advanced upon the garrison at Milliken's bend under Colonel Herman Lieb. The enemy opened upon the Federal left, moving in close column by division with no skirmishers, and a strong cavalry force on the right flank. When they were within easy musket range Lieb's men opened fire, causing a portion of the Confederates to waver and give way but the remainder pushed on to the levee with the cry of no quarter." The African regiments were poorly equipped and inexperienced in the handling of arms, so that the enemy was successful in reaching and getting upon the works before more than one or two volleys had been fired. For several minutes a desperate hand-to-hand conflict ensued, the negroes using their bayonets and clubbed guns, but were at last compelled to fall back when outflanked. By the time the Federals reached the river bank the gunboats had come up and poured two or three broadsides into the advancing Page 599 Confederate column which caused it to fall back precipitately. Lieb lost in this affair 101 men killed, 285 wounded and 266 captured or missing. McCulloch had 44 killed, 131 wounded and 10 captured or missing.


Millen's Grove, Georgia, December 1, 1864. 5th Kentucky and 8th Indiana Cavalry, and 88th Indiana Infantry. While General Sherman's army was moving toward Savannah the 5th Kentucky became engaged at Millen's grove with a detachment of Confederate cavalry. The enemy extended his line to envelop the flanks of the regiment, which was being slowly forced back when Colonel Jones, with the 8th Indiana came up and turned the tide of battle, completely routing the enemy, after which the two regiments pursued for some distance. The Union loss was 2 men killed, 9 wounded, and 20 horses captured by the Confederates. Colonel Baldwin, commanding the Kentucky regiment, estimated the enemy's loss in killed and wounded as being between 30 and 40. Near the same place on the same day a foraging party of the 88th Indiana infantry met and repulsed a small detachment of Wheeler's cavalry, but without serious loss on either side.


Mill Point, West Virginia, November 5, 1863. 14th Pennsylvania and 2nd 3d and 8th West Virginia Cavalry. At daybreak Colonel James N. Schoonmaker found a Confederate force under Jackson drawn up in a strong position opposite his lines and awaiting attack. After firing on the Union skirmishers for half an hour without getting any reply, the enemy opened with artillery which compelled Schoonmaker to seek shelter for his command. This move made Jackson think the Federals were retiring and he immediately began to advance. Without doubt the Confederates would have driven Schoonmaker had not reinforcements (2nd and 8th West Virginia) come to his aid. The casualties were not reported.


Mill Springs, Kentucky, January 19-20, 1862. 1st Division, Army of the Ohio. In September 1861, General Albert S. Johnston was assigned to the command of the Confederate Department of the West, which included a large territory west of the Mississippi river and the States of Kentucky and Tennessee. One of Johnston's first acts was to establish a line of operations from Cumberland gap to the Mississippi. (See Fort Henry.) General Zollicoffer was ordered to Cumberland gap to guard the right of this line and prevent the Federals from crossing the Cumberland river. Zollicoffer was without military training or experience, and in November General George B. Crittenden was assigned to the command of the district. Early in December Brigadier-General D. C. Buell, commanding the Federal Department of the Ohio, organized the Union forces in Kentucky and Tennessee into the Army of the Ohio, the 1st division of which was placed under command of Brigadier-General George H. Thomas, with orders to operate in the district east of New Haven, Kentucky. The division was composed of four brigades of four regiments each. The 1st was commanded by Brigadier-General Albin Schoepf, the 2nd by Colonel M. D. Manson, the 3d by Colonel R. L. McCook, and the 12th by Brigadier-General S. P. Carter. In addition to these regular organizations there were Wolford's 1st Kentucky cavalry, a squadron of Indiana cavalry under Captain Graham, and three batteries of light artillery unattached. The Confederate forces at the battle of Mill Springs consisted of two brigades, commanded by Brigadier-Generals F. K. Zollicoffer and W. H. Carroll, and a battalion of Tennessee cavalry under Lieut.-Colonel G. R. McClellan. the entire force being commanded by General Crittenden in person. Mill Springs is located on the south bank of the Cumberland Page 600 river, about 15 miles south of Somerset. Late in November Johnston sent instructions to Zollicoffer that he was merely to watch the river, and that he could do so from Mill Springs better than he could by crossing to the north side, where he would be "with the enemy in front and the river behind" in case of an assault on his position. But before these instructions were received Zollicoffer had thrown his force across the river and fortified a position at Beech Grove, lying in the angle formed by Fishing creek and the Cumberland river. This movement led to Crittenden's assuming command of the forces there soon after it was made. On December 29 Buell directed Thomas to move against Zollicoffer's left flank, while Schoepf's brigade, then at Somerset, was to attack in front, and either drive him back across the river or destroy his command. Thomas left Lebanon on the last day of December with Manson's brigade, two regiments of McCook's, a battalion of Wolford's cavalry and Kenny's battery. Owing to bad roads the march was slow, so that it was January 17 before he reached Logan's crossroads, 10 miles from the Confederate camp and about 8 miles from Somerset. Here he halted until the rear column could come up, and sent word to Schoepf to send to the cross-roads the 12th Kentucky, 1st and 2nd Tennessee, and Standart's battery. These troops arrived on the 18th, as did also the 4th Kentucky, Wetmore's battery and a battalion of the Michigan engineers. For several days Crittenden had been constructing boats to recross the river, but they were not ready when he learned that the Union forces were concentrating in his front. On the 18th he sent the following communication to Johnston: "I am threatened by a superior force of the enemy in front, and finding it impossible to cross the river, I will have to make the fight on the ground I now occupy. If you can do so, I would ask that a diversion be made in my favor." Finding that no diversion was likely to be made. Crittenden resolved to move out and attack Thomas at the cross-roads. Accordingly he left his camp about midnight that night, his cavalry in advance, and about dayl1ght on the 19th struck the Federal pickets (Wolford's cavalry) 2 miles from the Union camp. Wolford sent word to Manson that the enemy was advancing in force, and then fell back slowly on the main body. Manson formed the 10th Indiana on the road to meet the attack, ordered the 4th Kentucky to its support, and reported to Thomas, who immediately ordered the other officers to form their commands for action. The attack was commenced by Zollicoffer's brigade and was made with such vigor that the 10th Indiana and Wolford's cavalry were compelled to fall back before the supports arrived. Colonel Speed S. Fry, commanding the 4th Kentucky, who had formed his regiment quickly in response to Manson's order, came up o11 the left of the 10th Indiana, took a position along the edge of the woods and opened fire. This gave the Indianians an opportunity to rally and the two regiments held the enemy in check until other troops could be brought up. The Confederates were sheltered by a ravine and Fry rode a short distance to the right to get a better view of their position. About the same time Zollicoffer got the impression that the 4th Kentucky was a Confederate regiment and rode to the front to order his men to stop firing on their friends. The two officers met and Zollicoffer asked that the firing be stopped as the two commands belonged to the same side. As Zollicoffer wore a long waterproof coat over his uniform Fry did not recognize him as a Confederate officer, and was in the act of riding back to his regiment to give the order to cease firing, when a Confederate fired and wounded his horse. Fry wheeled suddenly, drew his Page 601 revolver and shot Zollicoffer through the heart. The fall of their leader threw the Confederates into some confusion, but Crittenden rallied them, ordered Carroll to bring up his brigade, and then gave orders for a general advance. At this juncture Thomas came upon the field and noticed that the enemy was moving through a cornfield to turn Fry's left flank. To meet this movement he threw Carter's brigade and a section of Kenny's battery to the left of the 4th Kentucky and the enemy was driven back. Colonel McCook now came up with the 9th Ohio and 2nd Minnesota and relieved the 10th Indiana and 4th Kentucky, as the ammunition of these two regiments was about exhausted. Scarcely had McCook's men got into position when the general assault ordered by Crittenden was commenced, and for the next half hour a spirited fire was maintained by both sides. By the end of that time the Indianans and Kentuckians had replenished their cartridge boxes and again took their places in the line. Carter now advanced against the enemy on the left, the 2nd Minnesota kept up a galling fire in the center, the 9th Ohio made a dashing charge with fixed bayonets on the right, which completely turned that flank, and soon afterward the whole Confederate line broke and fled in disorder. Halting only long enough to be sure the troops were supplied with ammunition, Thomas pushed on in pursuit. Upon approaching the intrenchments at Beech Grove the infantry was deployed in line of battle and steadily advanced to the top of the hill overlooking the works, when Wetmore's and Standart's batteries were directed to shell the fortifications, while Kenny's battery kept up a fire on the ferry to prevent the Confederates from crossing. However, Crittenden managed to cross during the night, by means of a small stern-wheel steamer and two old flatboats, leaving all his camp equipage, etc. behind. The morning of the 20th the Union troops moved 1n and took possession of the works, together with 12 pieces of artillery, with their caissons filled with ammunition; a large number of small arms, mostly flint-lock muskets; about 150 wagons; over 1,000 horses and mules, and a large amount of commissary stores. As the enemy had burned the boats after crossing the river the pursuit ended at the Cumberland. Crittenden's army was completely demoralized, the men after crossing the river scattering in all directions through the mountains of Kentucky and eastern Tennessee. The engagement was called by the Confederates the battle of Fishing creek; the Union troops gave it the name of Mill Springs, though the hard fighting was really done at Logan's cross-roads, 10 miles distant. Thomas reported his loss as being 39 killed and 207 wounded. Crittenden gave his losses as 125 killed, 309 wounded and 99 missing.


Mill Springs, Kentucky, May—, 1863. Detachment of 1st Kentucky Cavalry. A report received by Brigadier-General Samuel P. Carter from Major William N. Owens states that the Confederates had been driven across the river at Mill Springs, with a loss of 3 killed and several wounded, besides several men and horses captured. Nine Federals were reported missing. Mill Springs, Kentucky, May 29, 1863. Detachment of 1st Kentucky Infantry. Lieut.-Colonel Silas Adams with a small party crossed the Cumberland river and attacked the Confederates at Mill Springs. One of the enemy was wounded and 33 were captured. One Union man accidentally shot himself, which was the only casualty on that side.


Millsville, Missouri, July 16, 1861. Millwood, Virginia, February 6, 1863. Detachment of Milroy's Cavalry. Some Confederate cavalry captured the stage running between Martinsburg and Winchester, taking 2 officers and 2 privates that Page 602 were on the stage, as well as several citizens, prisoners. General Milroy sent out a company of cavalry, which came up with the enemy near Millwood, released the prisoners, recaptured the stage and all the plunder that the Confederates had taken, besides killing 1, wounding 1 and capturing 2 of the troop.


Millwood, Virginia, December 17, 1864. Detachment of 2nd Cavalry Division, Department of West Virginia. Bvt. Brigadier-General William B. Tibbits in a despatch states that a patrol under Captain William W. Miles was attacked by 300 Confederates near Millwood. The result was the killing of Miles and 10 of his men. the wounding of 17 others and the capture of 20. Milton, Florida, August 29, 1864. Detachments of 2nd Maine Cavalry, 19th Iowa Infantry and 1st Florida Battery. An expedition under Brig.-General Alexander Asboth started from Barrancas to surprise and capture three companies of Confederate cavalry, recruiting at Milton. Owing to the low stage of the water in the river the troops were obliged to disembark from the steamers before they had anticipated, so that all hope of surprising the camp was lost. On arriving at Milton a company of cavalry and one of mounted infantry were discovered drawn up in battle array, but a charge of the Federal cavalry sent them flying in all directions. The pursuit following resulted in the capture of 4 men and a number of horses, arms, etc. There were no casualties on the Union side.


Milton, Florida, October 18, 1864. Detachment of 19th Iowa Infantry and 1st Florida Battery. This detachment under Lieut.-Colonel A. B. Spurling of the 2nd Maine cavalry, proceeded up the Blackwater from Barrancas to within 9 miles of Milton, where the troops were disembarked from the steamer Planter and proceeded to gather logs. While thus engaged some 300 Confederates attacked. They were allowed to come within close range when the battery opened upon them and they fell back. Spurling's command lost 1 killed and 2 wounded. The Confederate loss was not known.


Milton, Florida, October 26, 1864. 2nd Maine Cavalry. As an incident of an expedition up the Blackwater from Barrancas under Lieut.-Colonel Andrew B. Spurling, the cavalry drove the Confederates through Milton, capturing 8 and killing 5 or 6. No casualties were suffered by the Union force.


Milton, Tennessee, February 18, 1863. 2nd Michigan and 3d Ohio Cavalry.


Milton, Tennessee, March 20, 1863. (See Vaught's Hill, same date.)


Mimm's Mills, Georgia, April 20, 1865. (See Spring Hill, same date.)


Mine Creek, Kansas, October 25, 1864. (See Marais des Cygnes.)


Mine Run, Virginia, November 26-December 2, 1863. Army of the Potomac. At by Major-General George Meade and consisted of the 1st, 2nd, 3d, 5th and 6th army corps, respectively under Major-Generals John Newton, Gouverneur K. Warren, William H. French, George Sykes and John Sedgwick. The divisions of Newton's corps were commanded by Brigadier-Generals Solomon Meredith, John C. Robinson and John R. Kenly; those of Warren's corps were under Brigadier-Generals John C. Caldwell, Alexander S. Webb and Alexander Hays; of French's, Major General David B. Birney, and Brigadier-Generals Henry Prince and Joseph B. Carr; of Sykes', Brigadier-Generals Joseph J. Bartlett, Romeyn B. Ayres and Samuel W. Crawford; and of Sedgwick's, Brigadier-Generals Horatio G. Wright, Albion P. Howe and Henry D. Terry. Kenly's division of Newton's corps did not accompany the expedition, being left to guard the railroad near Brandy Station. The cavalry corps was under Major-General Alfred Pleasonton, whose division commanders were Brigadier- Page 603 Generals John Buford, David McM. Gregg and George A. Custer, and the artillery was under Brigadier-General Henry J. Hunt. While Custer's division of cavalry was attracting the attention of the enemy in front of his position at Raccoon and Morton's fords the rest of the army was to proceed to the lower fords of the Rapidan river, Jacobs', Germanna and Culpeper Mine, and cross simultaneously. French, with his corps, was to proceed to Jacob's ford and his line of march being closest to the then known position of the Confederates, was to be followed by Sedgwick as a support. Warren was to cross at Germanna ford and Sykes, supported by the two divisions of the 1st corps, was to proceed by way of Culpeper Mine ford. Pursuant to the above plan the army was put in motion at 6 a. m. of the 26th, the heads of the 2nd and 5th corps reaching their crossing places between 9 and 10 a. m. For some unknown reason the 3d corps did not reach Jacob's ford until noon. The crossing was then made at all three fords, but the delay of French had so retarded the movement of the whole army that it was nightfall before it was all on the south side of the stream, and it was impossible for Meade to reach Robertson's tavern that day as he had planned. French's artillery could not be crossed at Jacob's ford because of the steep banks on the south side and it was necessary to wait while it was sent around by way of Germanna ford 2 miles below. Meantime Custer's division of cavalry proceeded from Stevensburg, took position at Raccoon and Morton's fords and made a demonstration as if to cross. This movement caused the enemy to move a heavy force of infantry into the intrenchments and to open an artillery fire of 30 pieces on Custer, who replied with his pieces and until dark the fight was kept up. The army bivouacked a few miles south of the Rapidan and moved at daylight for Locust Grove or Robertson's tavern, the 2nd corps arriving about 10 a. m. Warren's advance had quite a skirmish with the enemy, whose pickets were driven in and a number of prisoners from Ewell's corps were captured. Meade ordered Warren to hold his position until the arrival of French's corps, which was momentarily expected. About 11 a. m. Meade received a despatch from French stating that his column was on the plank road awaiting Warren's and a courier was immediately returned to inform him that Warren was at Robertson's tavern awaiting his arrival. At 1 p. m. another message was received from French to the effect that the Confederates were throwing out a force on the right flank of his column on the Raccoon Ford road. Warren again ordered him to hurry forward. Prince's division on advancing came to a fork in the road and not knowing which to take, waited for 2 hours for an order from French. When it came it was for the division to take the right hand road and after a time another order was given for it to return and take the other fork. As a consequence the enemy attacked again near Payne's farm, and a severe fight ensued. Prince's line fell back and Carr. on the left of Prince, had one of his brigades driven back some distance, when the enemy was checked by a reinforcement from Birney's division. These operations kept Sedgwick from joining Warren, who was therefore on the defensive all day. Gregg's cavalry division moving past the 5th corps advanced as far as New Hope Church where it was briskly engaged for a time, but succeeded in driving the Confederate cavalry until it was reinforced by infantry, when Gregg in turn was compelled to retire until relieved by Sykes' division, which repulsed the enemy. Sykes had been informed of French's failure to reach Robertson's tavern and had been ordered not to advance Page 604 beyond the church, so did not follow up his success. Newton late in the afternoon was moved from the plank road to Robertson's tavern to support Warren and during the night the 5th and 6th corps also arrived there. Next morning Meade made his dispositions to attack, but on driving in the Confederate pickets it was found that the enemy had abandoned his position. Pursuit was immediately ordered and the enemy was discovered in a strongly intrenched position on the west bank of Mine run. Convinced that there was little possibility of success no attempt was made to assault, but Warren's corps and one division of the 6th was sent to demonstrate on the Confederate right. It took some time to prepare for the movement so that the start was not made until the next morning at daylight. Arriving at the position desired the force was deployed and Gregg and Warren together reconnoitered the Confederate position. About 1 p. m. an advance was ordered and the enemy was driven 3 miles to his intrenchments at the head of Mine run. It was dark before the Federals were ready to assault, so the movement was postponed until next morning, the 30th. During the day of the 29th Gregg's cavalry had a rather heavy fight at Parker's store in repulsing a force of Confederates attempting to get at a wagon train in Gregg's rear. On the night of the 29th it was agreed at a conference of the corps commanders that a simultaneous assault should be made along the whole Confederate line next morning. All the preparations were made, the Union skirmishers having even advanced across Mine run and driven in those of the enemy, when word was received from Warren that after reconnoitering the enemy's position in daylight he had concluded that it would be folly to attack. Meade hastened to confer with him, but Warren's idea of the matter was unchanged even after he and the commanding general had gone over the situation together. Admitting the failure of the expedition Meade determined to withdraw and the army started on its return on December 1 and the next day reached the points from which it had started a week before. The casualties in the Army of the Potomac for the whole campaign were 173 killed. 1,099 wounded and 381 captured or missing The Confederate losses were not reported for the campaign as a whole, but Ewell's corps (the 2nd) in the Payne's farm and Mine run affairs on the 27th and 28th suffered to the extent of 83 killed and 518 wounded.


Mingo Swamp, Missouri, February 2-13, 1863. 12th Missouri State Militia Cavalry. An expedition having for its object the capture of a number of guerrillas encountered a band of them near the home of one Cato. The fight resulted in the killing of 9, and the wounding of 23. None of the Federals were injured. Mink Springs, Tennessee, April 13, 1864. Detachment of 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. An outpost picket of 25 men under Lieut. Columbus Caldwell was attacked at Mink Springs, not far from Cleveland, by 1,500 Confederate cavalry and all but 6 of the outpost were captured, together with their arms, horses and equipments. Two of the captured men were wounded. The enemy lost 1 killed and 1 wounded.


Missionary Ridge, Tennessee, September 22, 1863. 39th Indiana Mounted Infantry and 44th Indiana and 13th Ohio Infantry. After the battle of Chickamauga the Federals withdrew toward Chattanooga, and on the evening of the 21st Colonel T. J. Harrison with the 39th Indiana mounted infantry was ordered to take position on Missionary ridge. On arriving there he found the 44th Indiana and the 13th Ohio already intrenched. At 10 a. m. the next day a Confederate division attacked Page 605 and drove the vedettes back upon the reserve line, where the action became general. Twice the enemy was frustrated in his attempts to take the position, but about evening by outflanking the Federals the Confederates compelled them to retire to Chattanooga. The Union casualties in this affair are included in the losses of the battle of Chickamauga. The engagement is also called Chattanooga and Shallow Ford Gap.


Missionary Ridge, Tennessee, November 24, 1863. (See Chattanooga.) Mississippi City, Mississippi, March 8, 1862. Detachment of troops from Department of the Gulf. A reconnoitering party landed from the steamer Calhoun and was fired into by the enemy's artillery at Mississippi City. The party immediately returned to the vessel, whose artillery silenced the Confederate guns after a few shots. No casualties were reported.


Mississippi County, Missouri, February 13, 1865. Detachment of 2nd Missouri State Militia Cavalry. Captain James W. Edwards of Company B reported from New Madrid under date of February 16: "I left here Monday morning with 10 men in pursuit of a band of bushwhackers I heard of the night before going into Mississippi county. I ran onto 8 of them Monday night. Killed 2 and captured 6, with their arms, etc.


Missouri River, Dakota Territory, July 29-30, 1863. The Sioux Expedition. Shortly after noon on the 29th the expedition reached the timber skirting the Missouri river and Colonel William Crooks was ordered to take the 6th Minnesota infantry and clear it of the Indians. This he did without loss, although fiercely fired on by the savages on the farther side of the stream. On the 30th while the same regiment was destroying some of the property left by the Indians in their flight it was fired upon by some 125 Indians concealed in the underbrush on the opposite shore of the river. No casualties were reported.


Mitchell's Creek, Florida, December 17, 1864. 82nd U. S. Colored Infantry.


Mitchell's Creek, Florida, March 25, 1865. (See Canoe Creek, same date.) Moccasin Creek, North Carolina, March 24, 1865. Foragers of the 102nd Illinois Infantry. A small foraging party was attacked about a mile and a half from the camp of the regiment by some of Wade Hampton's cavalry and driven back with a loss of 1 mortally wounded and 2 captured.


Moccasin Gap, Virginia, December 24, 1864. 8th Tennessee Cavalry; Stoneman's raid.


Moccasin Swamp, North Carolina, April 10, 1865. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 20th Army Corps. On this date the corps took up the march from Goldsboro toward Smithfield, with Selfridge's brigade in advance. About a mile east of Moccasin swamp the enemy's cavalry was met, while several hundred of the enemy were concealed in the dense thickets on either side of the road, from which position they kept up a galling fire on the Union lines. The bridges had been destroyed, which made the progress of the army slow and kept the main body under fire. Winegar s New York battery was brought forward and threw a few shells into the woods, and Selfridge pushed forward the 123d New York infantry, under Colonel J. C. Rogers, as skirmishers, closely supporting the skirmish line with the rest of the brigade. Rogers' men steadily advanced, forcing the enemy back across the swamp, where the brigade formed in line of battle and drove the Confederates about a mile and a half, when Selfridge was ordered to encamp for the night. The Union loss was 1 man killed and 3 wounded. The enemy's loss was not learned.


Mocksville, North Carolina, April 11, 1865. Cavalry Division, Stoneman's Expedition. After surprising the guard at Shallow ford, Gillem's cavalry proceeded to Mocksville, near which place the advance came upon a small party of the enemy. The Confederates were immediately charged and dispersed. The affair was an incident of the expedition into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina.


Moffat's Station, Arkansas, September 27, 1863.


Monday Hollow, Missouri, October 13, 1861. (See Wet Glaize, same date.)


Monett's Bluff, Louisiana, April 23, 1864. (See Cane River Crossing, same date.)


Monett's Ferry, Louisiana, March 29-30, 1864. Cavalry Division, Department of the Gulf. The itinerary of the cavalry division for the Red River campaign states that the march to Monett's ferry on Cane river was made on the 29th and the time until noon of the 30th was spent in building a bridge. Several times small parties of Confederate cavalry appeared but were each time driven off. After the structure was completed the division moved forward to a short distance above Cloutierville, where the river was again bridged. Small parties of Confederates were driven before the advance, some 2 or 3 being killed and a number wounded.


Monocacy, Maryland, July 9, 1864. Middle Department, 8th Army Corps, and 3d Division, 6th Army Corps. During the operations in the Shenandoah Valley, Major-General Lewis Wallace left Frederick on the evening of the 8th and by a night march took position on the left bank of the Monocacy river. Early on the morning of the 9th the Confederates moved out from Frederick City and began the fight in skirmish order, a little later bringing their artillery into action. The enemy's cavalry and artillery then moved around to the Federal left and charged vigorously on the 3d division of the 6th army corps, but the attack was repulsed and a countercharge made, driving the enemy back. A second attack of Confederate infantry was repulsed, but with heavy loss to both sides. About 3:30 p. m. the enemy's batteries were brought into position to enfilade the Federal line and another assaulting force of four lines of infantry was moved into position. When Wallace saw the approaching column he ordered a retreat on the Baltimore pike, where Brigadier General E. B. Tyler had been skirmishing fiercely all day. The retreat was made in good order, Tyler form1ng the rear-guard. The Confederates followed for some distance, but darkness stopped the pursuit. The Federal loss amounted to 123 killed, 603 wounded and 568 captured or missing. The Confederate loss in killed and wounded was reported as being 700.


Monocacy Aqueduct, Maryland, September 4, 1862. The report of Major General Daniel H. Hill, of the Confederate army, states of the Maryland campaign: "We drove away the Yankee forces near the mouth of the Monocacy" on the 4th. This is the only mention of the affair.


Monocacy Church, Maryland, September 9, 1862. (See Barnesville, same date.)


Monocacy River, Maryland, October 12, 1862. Cavalry of Army of the Potomac and 3d and 4th Maine Infantry. On learning that the Confederates were moving toward the mouth of the Monocacy river Brigadier-General Alfred Pleasonton, commanding the cavalry, moved out from that place to meet them. About a mile and a half out he encountered Stuart's cavalry and a general engagement ensued. Pleasonton was compelled to fall back to the mouth of the river, where with the assistance of the infantry guard of the place, he held the Page 607 enemy in check until reinforcements came to his aid. The casualties were not reported.


Monogan Springs, Missouri, April 25, 1862. Detachment of 1st Iowa Cavalry. A detail of 6 men under a corporal attacked 10 guerrillas on the north bank of the Osage river. The result was the killing of 1 of the enemy, the wounding of another and the capture of 8. Another band of 7 on the south bank of the stream escaped.


Monroe's Cross-Roads, South Carolina, March 10, 1865. Cavalry Division, Sherman's Army of Invasion. During the campaign of the Carolinas Hampton's Confederate cavalry surprised the Federal camp of Brigadier-General Judson Kilpatrick at 2 a. m. The Union troops were driven back, the artillery captured and the whole command driven into a swamp. The enemy, however, failed to follow up his advantage promptly and Kilpatrick rallied his men in the swamp, ordered a countercharge, and recaptured the camp after a desperate struggle. Later in the day an infantry force came to Kilpatrick's aid. Kilpatrick's loss was 19 killed, 68 wounded and 103 captured. His report states that 80 of the Confederate dead were left on the field.


Monroe Station, Missouri, July 9-11, 1861. Detachments of 16th Illinois, 3d Iowa and Hannibal Home Guards. Colonel Robert F. Smith, in command of the detachments, moved from Palmyra on the 9th and when a few miles from Monroe was fired into from ambush. The Union men charged the bushes, but the enemy being mounted were enabled to escape. On the 10th a few shots were fired from th» 1 piece of artillery into a party of Confederates approaching the town and quickly dispersed them. On the 11th the enemy had the town completely surrounded, and opened with 2 pieces of artillery. The Federal gun dismounted the smaller of the enemy's guns and later in the day reinforcements caused them to withdraw altogether. The casualties were not reported.


Monteith Swamp, Georgia, December 9, 1864. 1st Division, 20th Army Corps. On this date the 20th corps, commanded by Brigadier-General A. S. Williams, was marching from Eden Station to Monteith on the Charleston railroad. At Monteith swamp the road was found obstructed for nearly a mile by fallen timber, while beyond the obstructions the enemy had thrown up two redoubts, where a force of some 500 infantry with a piece of artillery was posted to dispute the Federal advance. As this gun commanded the road and prevented the removal of the fallen trees. Brigadier-General New Jersey Jackson, commanding the advance division, determined on a flank movement to dislodge the Confederates. He therefore ordered Colonel Selfridge. with the 1st brigade, to engage the attention of the enemy in front, while Colonel Carman, with the 2nd brigade, moved to the right and Colonel Robinson, with the 3d brigade, to the left, in an endeavor to gain the rear of the redoubts. Owing to the character of the ground over which he had to move, Carman was unable to reach the desired position before the 3d brigade debouched from the woods and charged the enemy, who fled after the first volley, leaving their knapsacks and camp equipage. Robinson's loss was 1 killed and 7 wounded. The Confederate loss in killed and wounded was not reported, but 4 were captured. This opened the road for the corps to continue its march toward Savannah.


Monterey, Kentucky, June 11, 1862. Captain Blood's Mounted Provost Guards and 13th Indiana Battery.


Monterey, Tenn., April 28, 1862. Scouting party of Pope's command. Five companies of cavalry sent out by Major-General John Pope met a foraging party of 150 Confederate cavalry near Monterey, and after a brisk skirmish routed them. The enemy lost 5 killed and 19 taken prisoners, while the Union forces suffered no casualties.


Monterey, Tennessee, April 29, 1862. 2nd Brigade, Cavalry : Division, Army of the Mississippi. During the operations incident to the siege of Corinth this brigade, forming the head of the column, met the enemy's pickets 2 miles from Monterey, rapidly drove them through their deserted camp and captured some 20 prisoners. The 2nd la. was detached to pursue on the Corinth road and while passing across a narrow bridge 4 guns were opened on the regiment, causing it to fall back with the loss of 1 killed and several wounded.


Monterey, Tennessee, May 13, 1862. Portion of Brigadier-General M. L. Smith's Brigade.


Monterey, Virginia, April 12, 1862. Brigadier-General R. H. Milroy's command. A despatch from General Milroy to Major-General John C. Fremont under date of April 12 says: "The rebels, about 1,000 strong, with two cavalry companies and 2 pieces of artillery, attacked my pickets this morning about 10 o'clock, and drove them in some 2 miles. I sent out reinforcements. The skirmishing was brisk for a short time, but the rebels were put to flight with considerable loss. The casualties on our side were 3 men badly wounded."


Monterey Gap, Pennsylvania, July 4-5, 1863. Cavalry of the Army of the Potomac. During the pursuit of the Confederates after the battle of Gettysburg the cavalry under Brigadier-General Judson Kilpatrick came up with the enemy at Monterey gap, where the pickets were handsomely driven in by the 6th Ohio. Next morning the command came up w1th Ewell's train and after a skirmish captured 150 wagons, 1,500 prisoners, a large number of horses, mules, etc. When the Federals reached Sm1thburg, Maryland, shortly after the Confederates drove in the pickets and brought artillery to bear but a battery of the 3d U. S. light artillery soon effectually silenced the Confederate Suns and the enemy withdrew, leaving Kilpatrick free to move to Hagerstown. The casualties were not reported.


Montevallo, Alabama, March 30-31, 1865. 4th Cavalry Division, Army of the Mississippi. During Wilson's raid two companies of the 4th la. cavalry skirmished with the enemy for several miles before entering the village of Montevallo, but the only casualty reported was 1 man slightly wounded. The next morning Wilson encountered the enemy at Six-mile creek, a short distance south of Montevallo, where his advance was suddenly attacked on the flank by a considerable force of Confederate cavalry. The attack was quickly repulsed by the 10th Missouri, and the 3d la. charged in turn, driving back the enemy and cutting off a portion of the command that had become separated from the main body, capturing several prisoners. No report of killed and wounded.


Montevallo, Missouri, April 14, 1862. Detachments of the 1st Iowa Cavalry and Missouri Home Guards. Lieut.-Colonel Charles E. Moss of the 1st la. cavalry, after leaving the greater portion of his command at Centerville on the 13th, proceeded with 28 men to Montevallo, where about 4:30 a. m. the detachment was aroused by a band of 50 Confederates who demanded an immediate surrender. A few shots from the upper windows of a house where the Union troops were stationed sent the enemy back to the shelter of a store 50 yards away. Moss then formed ' his men outside, charged and drove them from the town. The casualties amounted to 2 k1lled and 4 wounded on the Federal side, while the Confederates lost a number killed and 7 wounded. Montevallo, Missouri, August 5, 1862. Detachment of 3d Wisconsin Cavalry. Colonel William A. Barstow with a portion of the 3d Wisconsin cavalry drove a party of Confederates from Montevallo and captured Page 609 some horses, arms, the roster and records of Colonel Coffee's regiment, etc. The enemy appearing again in force Barstow was obliged to evacuate the town, skirmishing as he fell back. A few of his men were captured.


Montevallo, Missouri, June 12, 1864. Detachment of 3d Wisconsin Cavalry. A detail of men under Lieut. C. B. Willsey ran into 30 bushwhackers at Montevallo and after a short but sharp fight scattered them into the brush. One of the enemy was killed.


Montevallo, Missouri, October 19, 1864. Missouri Militia. Lieut. M. M. Ehle of the 3d Wisconsin cavalry, reporting from Fort McKean, Kansas, states: "The guerrillas had a fight yesterday near Montevallo with the Stochler militia, in which 1 rebel was killed and several wounded."


Montgomery, Alabama, April 12, 1865. (See Columbus Road, same date.)


Monticello, Arkansas, January 13-14, 1864. Lieut. McCarty and 20 men sent out by Colonel Powell Clayton from Pine Bluff, captured 6 men and 2,000 bushels of corn at Monticello without the loss of a man.


Monticello, Arkansas, March 18, 1864. 7th Missouri Cavalry.


Monticello, Arkansas, May 24, 1864. Detachment of 13th Illinois Cavalry. This affair was a skirmish between a detachment of the 13th Illinois under Captain John H. Norris and some Confederates, as Norris was entering Monticello. The enemy was driven from the town. No casualties were reported.


Monticello, Arkansas, September 10, 1864. 13th Illinois, 5th Kansas and 1st Indiana Cavalry. Colonel Albert Erskine with 300 men, during an expedition from Pine Bluff toward Monticello, drove in the pickets at the latter place at daylight and captured 3 prisoners.


Monticello, Kentucky, May 1, 1863. Expedition to Monticello. Brigadier General Samuel P. Carter, commanding the 4th division, 9th army corps, reporting from Monticello. says: "We drove the enemy through the town and beyond it in gallant style. We encountered them again 4 miles south of Monticello, near forks of road, one party on the Albany road and one on the Jamestown road, the latter trying to cut off our communication with the rear. We drove the enemy about 3 miles on Albany and 5 or 7 on Jamestown roads. Rebel loss, as far as discovered, 8 killed, more wounded and number of prisoners, and 2 commissioned officers. No loss on our side."


Monticello, Kentucky, May 9, 1863. (See Alcorn's Distillery.) Monticello, Kentucky, June 9, 1863. Detachments of 2nd and 7th Ohio Cavalry, 45th Ohio Mounted Infantry. Law's Battery and 2nd Tennessee Mounted Infantry. This command under Colonel August V. Kautz advanced on Monticello on the morning of the 9th. Four or 5 miles beyond West's, whence the Confederate pickets had been driven some time before, the enemy was encountered drawn up in line of battle. The battery was brought into action and after a few rounds the Confederates were dispersed and pursued, leaving 2 dead and 10 wounded on the field. Some 20 prisoners were captured by the Federals, whose loss was 3 wounded. Between 4 and 5 p. m., after Kautz had left the town and had fallen back some distance, the rear-guard was attacked by an overpowering force of the enemy. A portion of the 2nd Tennessee was sent to reinforce it and found it retiring in some disorder. The reinforcements drove the enemy back through timber half a mile, where he rallied behind a stone wall, and in turn compelled the Federals to fall back out of range. An attack was then made by the reinforced Confederates, but it was repulsed by another detachment of the 2nd Tennessee and a portion of the 7th Ohio. Darkness nut an end to the fighting. The total loss of Kautz's force was 7 killed, 34 wounded and 6 missing. Page 610 The enemy's loss was not ascertained, but 5 of their dead, 5 wounded and 16 prisoners fell into Federal hands. Monticello Road, Arkansas, June 17, 1864. Detachment of 5th Kansas Cavalry. About 1.30 p. m. the pickets on the upper Monticello road leading to Pine Bluff were driven in by Confederate cavalry. Lieut. Colonel Wilton A. Jenkins immediately went to the assistance of the pickets and attacked, the enemy retreating rapidly. Jenkins followed as far as he safely could, killing and wounding a number of the fleeing enemy. The Federal loss was 2 or 3 slightly wounded.


Montpelier Springs, Alabama, April 20, 1865. (See Spring Hill, Georgia, same date.) Moon's Station, Georgia, October 4, 1864. Confederate reports state that as Hood was moving northward in an effort to draw Sherman from Atlanta, Reynold's brigade of Walthall's division attacked the Federal garrison at Moon's station on the Western & Atlantic railroad and captured about 80 prisoners, with a loss to Reynolds of 6 killed or wounded. Federal reports make no mention of the affair.


Moorefield, Virginia, November 9, 1862. 1st New York, Ringgold and Washington Cavalry, and 23d Illinois Infantry.


Moorefield, West Virginia, December 3, 1862. Ringgold Pennsylvania Cavalry, and detachment of 1st Virginia Cavalry. This command under Lieut. H. A. Myers charged into Moorefield, where two companies of Confederate cavalry were stationed. The result was the rout of the enemy with a loss of 2 killed, a number wounded and 10 captured. The charging force sustained no loss.


Moorefield, West Virginia, January 3, 1863. Troops of Middle Military Division, under Colonel James Washburn. The post of Moorefield, occupied by Federal troops in an expedition to Moorefield and Petersburg, was attacked on the morning of the 3d by the Confederate forces under Brigadier-General William E. Jones. After 2 hours' fighting, chiefly an artillery duel, the enemy withdrew. No casualties were reported.


Moorefield, West Virginia, August 6, 1863. (See Averell's Raid.) Moorefield, West Virginia, September 4, 1863. 1st West Virginia Infantry, 23d Illinois Infantry and Battery L, 1st Illinois Artillery. The "Record of Events" of the 5th brigade of the Department of West Virginia contains the following: "September 4, the 23d regiment Illinois volunteers by order of Colonel Mulligan marched (from Petersburg, West Virginia) toward Moorefield, to reinforce Major Stephens, commanding a detachment of the 1st West Virginia volunteers and a section of Mulligan's battery, which were attacked at that place. When the regiment had advanced about 3 miles it was attacked by the enemy in Petersburg gap. By order of Colonel Mulligan the regiment fell back, and marched to the assistance of Major Stephens via Williamsport."


Moorefield, West Virginia, September 11, 1863. Detachment of 1st West Virginia Infantry and Ringgold Cavalry. About 80 men of O'Neill's Confederate cavalry surprised the Federal camp of Major Edward W. Stephens, Jr., and captured practically the whole force. Some 146 officers and men were taken, besides a quantity of commissary and quartermaster's stores. About 30 of the Federals (according to the Confederate report) were killed or wounded, while the attacking party lost but 3 wounded.


Moorefield, West Virginia, February 4, 1864. Detachment of troops of the Department of West Virginia. On the morning of the 4th Colonel James A. Mulligan, with about 1,000 cavalry and 2 pieces of artillery advanced upon Moorefield. The artillery was placed in position and under its efficient firing the Confederate front was steadily pressed until it gave way, the Federals pursuing through and beyond the town. No casualties were reported.


Moorefield, West Virginia, June 6, 1864. Detachment of 22nd Pennsylvania Cavalry. A scouting party of 80 men of the 22nd Pennsylvania cavalry commanded by Captain James P. Hart was attacked by 200 Confederates on the Greenland gap road near Moorefield, but succeeded in repulsing the enemy and driving them in confusion. The Union loss was 4 killed and 6 wounded; the Confederate loss was not reported.


Moorefield, West Virginia, November 7, 1864. Detachments of the 5th and 6th West Virginia Cavalry. Colonel George R. Latham, with 225 men of the two West Virginia regiments and one gun of Battery L, 1st Illinois, left New creek on the 6th to surprise a party of about 100 Confederates known to be at Moorefield. Latham reached Moorefield before daylight on the 7th, but could not distinguish the location of the enemy's camp. He quietly surrounded the town, however, and waited until it was light enough to move with certainty. In the meantime the Confederates discovered the presence of the Union troops and commenced firing. In the skirmish which ensued 1 of the enemy was wounded and 8 were captured, together with their horses, 46 beef cattle and 460 sheep, without casualty.


Moorefield, West Virginia, February 4-6, 1865. Detachment of the 1st brigade, 3d Cavalry Division, Army of the Potomac. Lieut.-Colonel E. W. Whitaker, of the 1st Connecticut, with 300 men selected from his own regiment, the 2nd Ohio, 8th New York, 1st New Hampshire and 22nd New York was sent out from Winchester to scout through the country toward Moorefield and gain information concerning the enemy's movements. Small parties of Confederates were encountered at various places along the road and a few slight skirmishes ensued. At a Mr. Randolph's, about 3 miles from Moorefield, Major Gilmor was found in bed and captured by Major Young with a party of his scouts. The expedition returned to Winchester on the morning of the 6th, having ridden about 140 miles in a little over 48 hours, bringing in 12 prisoners without the loss of a man.


Mooresburg, Tennessee, December 10, 1863. Cavalry of the Army of the Ohio. Moore's Ford, Mississippi, September 29, 1863. Cavalry of the 15th Army Corps. Colonel Winslow with detachments from the 4th, 5th and 11th III., 4th la. and 10th Missouri cavalry, 900 men in all, with 2 mountain howitzers, moved from Messinger's ford on Big Black river to Yazoo City. On the 28th he marched to Moore's ford and encamped his command a mile and a half from there in the direction of Benton, leaving a detachment with a howitzer to guard the crossing. At 4 a. m. on the 29th the enemy vigorously attacked this detachment with 4 pieces of artillery supported by dismounted cavalry. The howitzer was soon disabled and after fighting about an hour, the Federals withdrew toward Benton, where they halted for dinner. That night they encamped 2 or 3 miles below Yazoo City.


Moore's Mills, Missouri, July 28, 1862. Detachment of Missouri Militia Cavalry and 3d Iowa Cavalry. This force, under Colonel Odon Guitar, came in contact with 900 Confederates during the pursuit of Porter. The advance was fired into from ambush but returned the fire vigorously after dismounting until the rest of the column was deployed and the 1 gun in the Federal command was brought into action. The -whole Union line was steadily advanced for some distance and then halted. After a short lull the enemy charged, making a desperate effort to capture the gun, but this charge and two others which followed immediately after were repulsed with loss. About 4 p. m. the Federals charged and drove the enemy from the field. The Union loss was 13 killed and 55 wounded, while the enemy, by Guitar's estimate, had 52 killed and from 125 to 150 wounded.


Moore's Plantation, Louisiana, May 3, 1864. U. S. Troops, Department of the Gulf. The report of Confederate Major-General Richard Taylor of May 4, states: "For two days past the fighting has been principally on the Bayou Robert road between the Chambers plantation and Alexandria. Last evening the enemy was driven beyond Gov. Moore's plantation." This is the only official mention of the place on this date.


Moreau Bottom, Missouri, October 7, 1864. 6th and 8th Cavalry, Missour1 State Militia. This affair occurred during Price's Missouri Expedition, when he was approaching Jefferson City. The 6th and 8th regiments were stationed at the bridge across Moreau creek and annoyed the enemy for some time, thereby delaying his advance. The use of Confederate artillery compelled the militia to fall back to a strip of timber where another detachment of the same two regiments was drawn up and repulsed the enemy for the time. Later, however, the whole command withdrew within the intrenchments of Jefferson City. No casualties were reported.


Moreauville, Louisiana, May 17, 1864. Cavalry and Corps d'Afrique; Banks' Red River Expedition. When the Confederates under General Dick Taylor were driven from Mansura on the 16th, the cavalry pursued to Moreauville, where the 4th brigade was attacked early on the next morning. The 5th brigade soon came up and the skirmishing continued throughout the day with slight losses on both sides. The Corps d'Afrique also became engaged, but finally repulsed the enemy, losing 2 killed, 8 wounded and 2 missing. The Confederate loss was not ascertained, but must have been much heavier.


Morgan County, Tennessee, February 2, 1862. This engagement was a skirmish between a small Union force and a detachment of a Tennessee cavalry regiment, in which the Union captain and 5 of his men were killed and others wounded and captured. The Confederates suffered no loss. The only official mention of the affair is the report of the Confederate lieutenant-colonel, «o there is no way of knowing what Union troops participated.


Morganfield, Kentucky, July 14, 1864. 52nd Kentucky Infantry. While scouting in Webster and Union counties Lieut.-Colonel Samuel F. Johnson encountered 150 Confederates at Morganfield. In the skirmish 5 were killed and 2 captured, the Kentucky regiment suffering no casualties.


Morgan's Ferry, Louisiana, September 7, 1863. 2nd Division, 13th Army Corps. The division, commanded by Major-General F. M. Herron, arrived at Morgan's Bend of the Atchafalaya river on the evening of the 6th, and learned that the main body of the enemy, some 3,000 strong, under General Green, was at Morgan's ferry. A portion of one brigade, commanded by Colonel Day, was sent out to look after a party of Confederates in the neighborhood of the bend. Day skirmished all afternoon with the enemy, driving the detachment back upon the main body. The Union loss was 6 wounded. The enemy lost 2 killed, 10 or 12 wounded, and about the same number captured.


Morgan's Ferry Road, Louisiana, July 28, 1864. Part of Lawler's Brigade. Learning that the Confederates were planning an attack on Morganza, General Lawler sent out a detachment under General Ullman to make a reconnaissance toward the Atchafalaya river on the Morgan's Ferry road. Ullman encountered a party of about 200 of the enemy and soon engaged them in a skirmish. The enemy scattered, losing 5 killed, 2 captured and a number wounded. Ullman then pushed on to the Atchafalaya and found a considerable force of the enemy on the opposite side, with 3 pieces of artillery in position. Owing to the shape of the ground Ullman could not use his artillery to advantage and retired to Morganza.


Morgan's Ferry Road, La., August 25, 1864. Detachments of Lawler's Brigade. L1eut.-Colonel Gurney with 50 men, made a reconnaissance to Morgan's ferry on the Atchafalaya river and found Confederates in some force encamped on the other side, with 4 pieces of artillery in position. Two miles from the river he encountered a picket guard of 6 men under a lieutenant, drove them in and though they fought from a protected spot, captured them at the water's edge, under the fire of the enemy's cannon. The same day Captain Yeaton of the 1st Louisiana cavalry, with 100 men, went to the Atchafalaya at the mouth of the Mamie bayou, via the New Texas road, Bayou Latenache and Robinson's plantation and on the road captured the horses and equipments of 4 Confederates who escaped to the woods. At the Mamie bayou they captured a Confederate and by firing across the bayou, dispersed a company encamped on the other side. Lieut. Emmons and 4 men of the 1st Louisiana cavalry crossed over and destroyed rifles, saddles and other equipments left by the fleeing Confederates. Morgan's Mill, Arkansas, February 9, 1864. Detachments of 11th Missouri and 1st Nebraska Cavalry. Lieut.-Colonel John W. Stephens with about 110 men left Batesville on the 7th to break up a Confederate camp. On the morning of the 9th, just after he had detached 40 men of his command under Captain Thomas J. Majors, Stephens encountered a large force of Confederates at Morgan's mill and was immediately surrounded. After a desperate fight he cut his way out, but was followed and harassed for a distance of 8 miles. Majors on hearing the firing came to Stephens' assistance, but was also surrounded and obliged to cut his way out. The Federal loss was 6 killed, 8 wounded and 8 captured. Stephens estimated the enemy's casualties as 22 killed and as many wounded.


Morgansville, Kentucky, September 2, 1862. Detachment of the Army of the Ohio, commanded by Colonel J. M. Shackelford, of the 8th Kentucky Cavalry.


Morganton, North Carolina, April 17, 1865. (See Catawba River.)


Morgantown, Kentucky, October 31, 1861. Kentucky Cavalry under Colonel J. H. McHenry, Jr. This affair was a skirmish between about 20 Union men and some Confederate pickets. The latter were first encountered at the outskirts of the town and were driven through it. Subsequently the enemy reinforced to about 60 strong, was again met a mile beyond Morgantown and was routed. The Federals had 1 man wounded and the Confederates lost 3.


Morganza, Louisiana, May 30-June 5, 1864. (See Atchafalaya River.)


Moro, Steamer, February 3, 1863. (See A. W. Baker, steamer.)


Moro Bottom, Arkansas, April 25-26, 1864. (See Camden, Arkansas, Expedition to.)


Morris' Ford, Tennessee, July 2, 1863. Cavalry of the Army of the Cumberland. During the Middle Tennessee campaign Brigadier-General John B. Turchin's division moved toward Decherd from Hillsboro, by way of Morris' ford, 10 miles above Hillsboro. When within a mile and a half of the ford the Confederate cavalry pickets were encountered and driven back across the Elk river. Two companies of the 4th Ohio, who were following closely, were fired into by the Confederate sharpshooters on the opposite bank, which was a steep bluff, rendering any attempt to cross under fire an exceedingly hazardous undertaking. Another ford, a mile and a half above, was reconnoitered by Turchin's escort, but was also found to be well guarded. While considering the advisability of sending a mounted force across the stream the Federals were opened upon by a battery of 4 guns just below the ford. Turchin withdrew his battery to a Page 614 more sheltered position and sent word to Stanley that he dared not cross. About 2 p. m. Mitchell's division came up and it was directed to cross the river at the ford a mile and a half above (called Shallow ford) while Turchin's effected a crossing at Morris' ford. Long's brigade of Turchin's division, ascertained that the enemy had retreated from the ford and crossed, followed by the remainder of the division and soon engaged the enemy's cavalry. By the time Turchin had advanced 3 miles Mitchell had succeeded in crossing at Shallow ford and the two divisions pushed forward, skirmishing until dark, the enemy by that time having brought four regiments into the action. Turchin lost 2 killed and 8 wounded, and his men found and buried over 20 of the enemy's dead. Morris Island, South Carolina, September 7, 1863. On this date the Confederates evacuated Morris island. For a full account of the event, with the preceding bombardment, see Naval Volume.


Morristown, Missouri, September 17, 1861. Detachment of Kansas Brigade. An expedition of 600 men with 2 mountain howitzers attacked a camp of the enemy near Morristown and succeeded in routing him with a loss of 7 killed and a number wounded. The entire Confederate camp, equipage, etc., was captured. The Federals lost 2 killed and 6 wounded.


Morristown, Tennessee, December 1, 1861. Morristown, Tennessee, December 10, 1863. Garrard's Brigade, Cavalry corps, Army of the Ohio. In the pursuit of Longstreet, after he had raised the siege of Knoxville, General Garrard dashed into Morristown, drove the enemy from his fortifications and the town. Shackelford's report of the affair says that between 40 and 50 of the enemy were killed or wounded, while Garrard lost but 6 wounded.


Morristown, Tennessee, August 2, 1864. Detachment of 10th Michigan Cavalry. Lieut.-Colonel Luther S. Trowbridge with 250 men and a mountain howitzer left Strawberry plains on the 1st and the following day met a party of 110 Confederates at Morristown. After a short fight the enemy retired with the loss of an officer mortally and 5 men slightly wounded. There were no casualties among the Federals.


Morristown, Tennessee, October 28, 1864. 8th, 9th and 13th Tennessee Cavalry and Battery E, 1st Tennessee Light Artillery. About 9 a. m. this force, under Brigadier-General Alvan C. Gillem, came upon the Confederate pickets, which the advance regiment, the 9th Tennessee, charged and drove back upon their main line drawn up in strong position before the town. The battery was brought forward and placed on an eminence commanding the enemy's center, which was at once charged by one of Gillem's regiments and badly routed. Noticing the enemy preparing to charge the right flank, Gillem ordered a forward movement by the 8th Tennessee on that part of his line. By that time the 9th had been reformed, and simultaneously with the charge of the 8th attacked the Confederate right. After a short but desperate resistance the Confederates turned and fled, leaving (according to Union reports) 85 dead on the field. Some 224 were captured and a quantity of arms, ammunition, etc. Gillem lost 8 killed and 18 wounded.


Morton, Mississippi, February 8, 1864. Cavalry of the 17th Army Corps. This affair was an incident of the Mer1dian campaign. After dark McPherson, whose corps was 4 miles and a half from Morton, sent his cavalry to reconnoiter in the direction of the town. By skirmishing a little it was ascertained that the enemy was retiring. No casualties were reported.


Morton's Ford, Virginia, October 11, 1863. (See Brandy Station, same date.)


Morton's Ford, Virginia, November 26, 1863. (See Mine Run, November 26 December 2, 1863.)


Morton's Ford, Virginia, February 6, 1864. 2nd Army Corps. During a demonstration along the Rapidan river the 3d division of the 2nd corps moved out before daylight for Morton's ford, the remainder of the division following. The Confederates had a picket guard of about 30 men in rifle-pits on the farther bank and a brigade was sent across the river. After some resistance the whole picket was captured and the Federal brigade advanced to within three-quarters of a mile of the enemy's intrenchments. The other two brigades of the division were then pushed across the river and took position with the 1 st. The Confederates opened with artillery and the Federals could neither advance nor withdraw without becoming exposed to a deadly cross-f1re. There was nothing for them to do but to get what shelter they could until after dark, when they withdrew across the Rapidan. The Union loss was 11 killed, 204 wounded and 40 captured or missing. The enemy's casualties were not reported.


Moscow, Arkansas, April 13, 1864. (See Camden, Arkansas, Expedition to.)


Moscow, Tennessee, February 9, 1863. Detachment of 53d Illinois Infantry. Acting Lieut. M. Dare with a squad of men while going from the reserve picket post to the advance picket was held up by 2 men in Federal uniforms, whom he took for members of his own party. He ordered his men to fire but before they could do so the 2 men fired on the party and fled. Dare and 1 of his men were wounded.


Moscow, Tennessee, February 18, 1863. Detachments of 3d Iowa, 41st and 43d Illinois and 33d Wisconsin Infantry. This command, under Major Francis M. Long, comprised the escort of a forage train from Moscow. When on the return and not more than 3 miles from camp, the train was attacked in the center by 150 Confederate cavalry. The front and rear guards were immediately brought into action and succeeded in repulsing the attack after a sharp fight of a few minutes. The Federals sustained a loss of 1 man wounded and 16 missing, besides 42 mules and 2 horses. The Confederate casualties were not ascertained.


Moscow, Tennessee, March 16, 1863. Detachment of 7th Kansas Cavalry. Lieut.-Colonel Thomas P. Herrick with a portion of his regiment attacked some Confederates on the Moscow road about 5:30 p. m. The enemy did not stop to fire even one volley, but fled toward the south, leaving 1 man wounded and 8 prisoners. Herrick's party suffered no loss.


Moscow, Tennessee, March 29, 1863. Following is an extract from a report of Major-General S. A. Hurlbut, dated March 30, at Memphis: "The passenger train was seized about 2 miles this side of Moscow by 12 guerrillas, although it had on board 25 soldiers, armed, and 3 or 5 officers, who yet made no attempt to defend themselves and the public property. The engineer when he discovered' the guerrillas started his engine with such suddenness as to break the coupling, ran up to Moscow, took down 100 soldiers and saved the train. The passengers were robbed, and the officers and soldiers carried off north."


Moscow, Tennessee, September 27, 1863. (See Locke's Mill, same date.)


Moscow, Tennessee, November 4, 1863. Cavalry Brigade, 16th Corps.


Moscow, Tennessee, December 4, 1863. (See Wolf River Bridge.)


Moscow, Tennessee, December 27, 1863. 9th Illinois Cavalry. During the Confederate advance from La Fayette, Major Henry B. Burgh with the 9th Illinois was ordered out from La Grange and about a mile and a half from Moscow encountered a Confederate force which he engaged and drove back to La Fayette. No casualties were reported.


Moscow, Tennessee, June 15, 1864. 55th U. S. Colored Infantry.


Mosely's Plantation, Alabama, August 7, 1862. Detachment of the 51st Illinois Infantry. About 200 men, guarding a convalescent train from Tuscumbia, were attacked at Mosely's plantation, near Decatur, by about 250 Confederate cavalry. The attack was a complete surprise and the Union troops were caught at a disadvantage. The loss was 2 killed, 2 wounded and about 100 missing. The enemy was pursued by Major Koehler nearly to the foot of the mountains, but could not be overtaken.


Mossy Creek, Tennessee, December 24, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division, Army of the Cumberland. Colonel Oscar H. La Grange, commanding the 2nd brigade, was attacked by two small brigades of Confederates under General Armstrong. After a sharp fight the enemy was repulsed, leaving 17 dead on the field. La Grange's brigade suffered to the extent of 2 killed and 9 wounded.


Mossy Creek, Tennessee, December 26-27, 1863. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Ohio. Rain prevented more than slight skirmishing at Mossy creek, along which the Federals held a strong position, on the 26th. No casualties resulted. Late on the afternoon of the 27th the Federals attacked and drove the enemy from every position to within a short distance of Talbott's station, when the pursuit was stopped by darkness.


Mossy Creek, Tennessee, December 29, 1863. Cavalry Corps, Army of the Ohio. During the night of the 28th Brigadier-General S. D. Sturgis, commanding the cavalry, learned that the enemy was advancing on Dandridge and immediately sent off the greater part of his command to intercept him. About 9 o'clock the next morning the combined cavalry of Martin, Morgan and Armstrong, about 6,000 strong, advanced in line of battle, the main effort being directed against the Federal left, but the attack was repulsed by Campbell's brigade after a hard fight. During the day an artillery fire was kept up by the enemy with a hope of breaking the line so that a position could be secured on the bank of the stream. The attempt was unsuccessful and later in the day, when the detachments sent out during the night to Dandridge returned, the enemy was routed and driven off. Sturgis' loss was 17 killed, 87 wounded and 5 missing while that of the enemy was not reported.


Mossy Creek, Tennessee, January 10 and 12, 1864. Detachments of 2nd Brigade, Cavalry Division, Army of the Ohio. Colonel Oscar H. La Grange, commanding the 2nd brigade, reports under date of January 10: "I have the honor to report that a scouting party from the 2nd brigade today surprised one of the enemy's outposts, on the Dandridge road about 6 miles from Mossy creek, and killed 4, including 1 l1eutenant, besides making 7 prisoners, without loss." Again on the 12th La Grange reports: "The forage detail from the 2nd brigade to-day drove back one of the enemy's outposts, for the purpose of foraging behind it. Killed 1 and captured 15 prisoners, without loss."


Mossy Creek, Tennessee, October 15, 1864. A report of Brigadier-General John C. Vaughn, of the Confederate army, states that 20 men of the 3d Tennessee cavalry surprised "the guard at Mossy creek of 30 men on night of 15th. killed 5, wounded 1 and brought in 12 prisoners, and think that 6 or 7 burned up in the brick store in which they were sleeping, and which they had pierced with port-holes for musketry.' This is the only mention of the affair, so there is no way of knowing who the Federal participants were.


Mossy Creek, Tennessee, October 27, 1864. U. S. Troops under Brigadier General Alvan C. Gillem. Gillem marched from New Market in the morning, met the Confederate pickets at Mossy creek and drove Page 617 them back to Panther Springs, where a force of 250 opposed his further advance. A charge by the 13th Tennessee cavalry routed the enemy with a loss of 3 killed and 3 captured. No casualties were reported on the Union side.


Moulton, Alabama, March 8, 1864. (See Courtland, same date.)


Moulton, Alabama, May 29, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Army of the Cumberland. At 4 a. m. this command under Colonel Eli Long was attacked by the Confederate cavalry under Roddey, with 4 pieces of artillery. After a severe engagement of 2 hours, in which the enemy lost from 12 to 15 killed and a large number wounded. Long succeeded in driving him from the field in confusion. Long captured 16 prisoners and lost 3 killed and 14 wounded.


Mountain Grove, Missouri, March 9, 1862. 4th Missouri Cavalry and Detachment of Home Guards. After a march of several miles over rough roads this detachment under Colonel George E. Waring, Jr., attempted to surround the camp of a band of Confederates at Mountain Grove. While the cavalry was moving into position a sharp fire was opened on it from a blacksmith shop and the enemy broke for the brush and a tavern near by. All who did not reach the tavern were killed, and after a sharp fight the building was taken. The Federals suffered no casualties, but 13 of the enemy were killed, 4 wounded and the rest, 21 in number, taken prisoners.


Mountain Store, Missouri, July 25-26, 1862. Detachment of 3d Missouri Cavalry and of Battery L, 2nd Missouri Light Artillery. This command was sent out from Houston and came up with a band of Coleman's men on the Big Piney on the afternoon of the 25th. The enemy did not stop to return the volley fired by the Federal advance, but scattered into the woods and cornfields closely pursued by the Union cavalry. Next morning a move was made on Coleman's camp, at 6:30 the Confederate pickets were met about 2 miles from their camp and steadily driven back by a portion of the cavalry until the camp was reached, where a charge was ordered and the enemy routed. The remainder of the cavalry and the artillery were led to the right and were about to cross Big Piney creek when a fire was opened upon them, but after a short skirmish the enemy broke and fled. In the three skirmishes the Confederates lost 8 killed, 20 wounded and 17 captured. The assailants did not lose a man.


Mount Carmel, Kentucky, June 16, 1863. Home Guards. Captain P. M. Everett, reporting his raid into eastern Kentucky, mentions a skirmish with a party of home guards at Mount Carmel under Colonel Charles Marshall numbering 170. No casualties are reported.


Mount Carmel, Tennessee, November 29, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 5th Cavalry Division, Military Division of the Mississippi. As Scofield’s army was falling back toward Franklin General Hatch was ordered to relieve Croxton's brigade of cavalry, then engaged in the rear. Hatch sent Coon's brigade to Mount Carmel, where the men were dismounted and stationed behind a barricade previously erected by order of Colonel Capron. Croxton passed to the front with his command and Coon engaged the enemy that was in close pursuit. A hot fight of an hour now ensued, when Coon was ordered to withdraw slowly, which was done by alternate numbers for 2 miles, when the brigade was mounted and orders given to withdraw by brigade in line of regiments, a small detachment of the 9th Illinois acting as rear-guard. In accordance with Coon's orders this detachment fell back, drawing the enemy between the flanking columns prepared for their reception, when a raking fire was poured into their ranks, throwing them into confusion and ending the pursuit for the day.


Mount Crawford, Virginia, June 5, 1864. (See Piedmont, same date.)


Mount Crawford, Virginia, October 2, 1864. 1st Division, Cavalry Corps, Shenandoah Valley Campaign. This affair was a skirmish between Bvt. Major-General Wesley Merritt's division and the advance of the enemy during the Shenandoah Valley campaign. No casualties were reported.


Mount Crawford, Virginia, March 1, 1865. (See Petersburg, Sheridan's Expedition to.)


Mount Elba, Arkansas, March 28-30. 1864. (See Camden, Arkansas, Expedition to.)


Mount Elon, South Carolina, February 27, 1865. Mounted Men under Captain William Duncan. This detachment, sent out from the garrison at Tiller's bridge to destroy the railroad bridge near Simonsville, was met by the enemy at Mount Elon and after a hand-to-hand conflict of some severity was forced to return without having accomplished its object, having suffered a loss of 3 wounded and 3 missing. The enemy's casualties were fully as heavy.


Mount Ida, Arkansas, November 13, 1863. Detachment of 1st Arkansas Infantry. Capts. J. R. Vanderpool and G. W. R. Smith attacked a Confederate camp at Mount Ida, killed and wounded several and captured 8 or 10. The victory included the capture of 15,000 pounds of bacon, 10,000 rounds of ammunition and a quantity of flour, all of which was destroyed. The enemy was driven for 5 miles.


Mount Jackson, Virginia, September 23-24, 1864. Army of the Shenandoah. In the pursuit of the Confederate army from the battlefield of Fisher's hill, General Devin's cavalry brigade engaged a detachment of the enemy's cavalry at a creek about 3 miles from Edenburg and drove it back to Mount Jackson, where a stand was made. Devin ordered Taylor's battery to open fire from a hill on the left of the pike and advanced the 9th New York, supported by the 6th New York, as skirmishers. About the time the two regiments became actively engaged General Averell came up with the 2nd cavalry division and assumed command. He deployed one of his brigades on Devin's left and the other on the right and in a short time drove the enemy from town and back on the main body, which was bivouacked on Rude's hill. As Averell advanced his line 5 pieces of artillery commenced firing on him and a division of infantry moved out to meet him. Seeing that he was outnumbered, Averell fell back across the creek, having taken a few prisoners, among them a Major Lady. On the morning of the 24th the 6th and 19th corps came up and discovered the Confederates in line of battle. General Wright ordered his batteries to shell the enemy's position and at the same time formed his men for an advance. Pursuant to orders from General Sheridan, Devin sent Colonel Gibbs, with the 1st New York, across the creek to develop the Confederate position on the right. Soon afterward he crossed the stream with his whole brigade and again the enemy broke in full retreat toward New Market. No casualties reported.


Mount Jackson, Virginia, October 3, 1864. Detachment of the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry. The detachment, numbering 150 men and commanded by Captain Jackson, was on picket duty at the bridge over the Shenandoah river near Mount Jackson. About 4 a. m. the post was surprised by the 7th Virginia cavalry, 6 men were wounded, Jackson and 43 were captured, Lieut. Hague, with 37 men, reported that night to Colonel Edwards at Winchester, some of the rest came in later, and some were never heard of.


Mount Jackson, Virginia, November 16. 1863. Expedition from Charlestown, West Virginia, to near New Market, Virginia. The expedition comprising detachments of the 1st New York, 6th Michigan, 1st Connecticut, and 21st and Page 619 22nd Pennsylvania cavalry, Cole's Potomac home brigade and the 1st West Virginia light artillery, under command of Colonel William H. Boyd, encountered Confederate skirmishers when within a mile of Mount Jackson and drove them rapidly for three-quarters of a mile to where a piece of artillery was planted. After a dozen shots had been fired by this piece it was compelled to abandon its position and with the force guarding it retired hastily through the town to the bridge. There the Confederates made a stand, but were again driven, this time to an eminence out of range of the Federal guns. Here the pursuit stopped. In his report Boyd mentions only one casualty.


Mount Jackson, Virginia, March 7, 1865. Escort under Colonel John L. Thompson. Some 1,200 men under Colonel Thompson convoying about 1,300 prisoners from Waynesboro to Winchester, arrived at Mount Jackson on the north fork of the Shenandoah on the afternoon of the 6th. The stream was so swollen that it was impossible to cross except at one ford guarded by the enemy. Early the next morning the water had gone down sufficiently to allow the 22nd New York and the 1st Rhode Island to cross at a ford farther up stream and these two regiments drove the enemy from the main ford. In the meantime the Confederates attacked Thompson's rear on Rude's hill, but they were repulsed. When the crossing was nearly completed Rosser again attacked but was again driven back with a loss of 10 killed, several wounded and 25 captured. The Union casualties amounted to 6 wounded and 2 captured.


Mount Pleasant, Alabama, April 11, 1865. Cavalry Brigade of the Army of West Mississippi. Three miles beyond Mount Pleasant the cavalry under Brigadier-General T. J. Lucas encountered Confederate pickets which were driven back to the main line stationed on a piece of low ground. Here the enemy pressed the Federal center until a charge was ordered. The 1st Louisiana executed the movement and the Confederates broke and fled in all directions. The casualties in Lucas' brigade were 3 killed and 9 wounded, while the enemy lost 2 killed and 9 wounded.


Mount Pleasant, Mississippi, May 22, 1864. Detachment of 4th Missouri Cavalry. The itinerary of the 1st brigade, cavalry division, 16th army corps, commanded by Colonel George E. Waring, Jr., contains the following: "May 22.—One scouting party of the 4th Missouri cavalry was attacked by a large party of rebels while passing over very broken ground near Mount Pleasant, Mississippi; lost 8 killed and 4 wounded and prisoners."


Mount Pleasant, Tennessee, August 14, 1862. Brigadier-General James S. Negley in a despatch from Columbia, Tennessee. under date of August 14, says: "Major (F. H.) Kennedy attacked Williams' guerrillas 8 miles south of Mount Pleasant this morning at 7 o'clock, killing 2 and taking several prisoners. The enemy fled to the woods after the first fire. Our horses were too much exhausted to follow them."


Mount Pleasant, Tennessee, November 23, 1864. Major-General Nathan B. Forrest (Confederate) reporting the operations of his command during the campaign in northern Alabama and middle Tennessee states that Colonel Edmund W. Rucker captured at Mount Pleasant 35,000 rounds of ammunition and the force guarding it. There is no way of ascertaining what Union troops were engaged.


Mount Pleasant Landing, Louisiana, May 15, 1864. Detachments of 118th Illinois Cavalry, 67th and 78th U. S. Colored Infantry and 12th Massachusetts Battery. The guard of 21 men of the 67th U. S. infantry was overpowered by a superior Confederate force, which attacked the stockade at daylight. Upon the alarm being given, portions of the 118th Illinois cavalry, the 78th U. S. infantry and the 12th Page 620 Massachusetts battery immediately started in pursuit and overtook the enemy 3 miles out. After a sharp fight all but 2 of the prisoners were recaptured. The righting at the stockade and on the road resulted in a loss to the Confederates of 6 killed, several wounded and 2 captured. The Federal troops had 1 man killed.


Mount Sterling, Kentucky, July 29, 1862. 18th Kentucky Infantry and Home Guards. Mount Sterling, Kentucky, March 22, 1863. U. S. Troops under Captain W. D. Ratcliffe. The ineffective men of a command pursuing the Confederate Colonel R. S. Cluke, having been left at Mount Sterling, were attacked by a portion of Cluke's force which had evaded the pursuing Federals. A demand for surrender was made, which was at first refused but was later co1nolied with, and the 200 men were surrendered to the enemy by Captain Ratcliffe. The enemy lost 1 man killed and 4 wounded. The Federal reports make no mention of any casualties, but Cluke in his report states that 10 of the garrison were shot and killed and some 8 or 10 were burned to death in the houses which the Confederates fired.


Mount Sterling, Kentucky, June 9, 1864. Cavalry of District of Kentucky. During Morgan's raid into Kentucky a portion of the Union forces under Brigadier-General S. G. Burbridge followed the Confederates until they occupied Mount Sterling on the morning of the 8th. Late on the afternoon of the same day Burbridge came up with the main body and at 4 a. m. on the 9th attacked. Owing to a misunderstanding of orders one of the howitzers was run to the front and became mired, completely blocking the movement of the troops in the center, but the two wings moved forward and charged, while the Confederates were enabled to move up and capture the howitzer. A charge by a company of the 12th Ohio recaptured the gun and after a two hours' fight along the whole line the Confederates were driven back. Later they rallied and attacked, but were again repulsed. The casualties were not reported.


Mount Vernon, Arkansas, May 11, 1863. 5th Kansas and 5th Illinois Cavalry, commanded by Colonel Powell Clayton.


Mountville, Virginia, October 31, 1862. (See Aldie, same date.)


Mount Washington, Kentucky, October 1, 1862. (See Bardstown Pike.)


Mount Zion Church, Kentucky, August 30, 1862. (See Richmond.)


Mount Zion Church, Missouri, December 27-28. 1861. Birge's Sharpshooters and Detachment of 3d Missouri Cavalry. Learning that some Confederates were encamped at Hallsville Brigadier-General S. M. Prentiss sent out a company of cavalry to drive them away. None of the enemy were found at Hallsville, but a little beyond were encountered in force and the company was compelled to retire after losing its captain and a private, captured by the enemy. At 2 a. m. next morning Prentiss started with his whole force and at 8 o'clock found a company of Confederates drawn up across the road leading from Hallsville to Mount Zion church. The sharpshooters were deployed as skirmishers and the enemy steadily retired to the church, where the main force was posted. After a fight of half an hour, which became a hand-to-hand contest, the Confederates fell back after having suffered a loss of 25 killed and 150 wounded (according to Prentiss' report) while the casualties sustained by the Union participants were 3 killed. 63 wounded and several captured or missing. Prentiss' men also took about 30 prisoners.


Mount Zion Church, Virginia, July 6. 1864. 2nd Massachusetts and r3th New York Cavalry. The detachment under Major William H. Forbes, while scouting in the vicinity of Mount Zion church near Aldie was attacked by a superior number of Mosby's men. Through Page 621 some mistake in orders the Union troops became separated and Mosby, taking advantage of this, ordered a charge, which resulted in the dispersal or capture of Forbes' entire command, 12 being killed and many more wounded. Of the 150 men who started out only 34 returned to the camp. The Confederate loss was not known.


Mud Creek, Gsu, June 17, 1864. Army of the Ohio; 1st Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Cumberland. When the Confederates were forced to abandon their line at Lost Mountain and Gilgal Church they fell back to an intrenched position behind Mud creek, their left resting on the Sandtown road. In their retreat they were closely pursued by McCook's cavalry and the army of the Ohio, commanded by Major-General John M. Schofield. Schofield planted his batteries in advantageous positions and opened fire on the enemy, while the infantry made preparations to cross the creek and turn the Confederate flank. A heavy rain put a stop to operations, and before the weather settled the enemy evacuated his works and fell back toward Kennesaw mountain.


Mud Creek Bottom, Mississippi, June 20, 1863. 5th Ohio Cavalry and 9th Illinois Mounted Infantry. The rear-guard of the scouting party commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Jesse J. Phillips was attacked on the Rocky Ford road by a large force of Confederates. The 9th Illinois was dismounted and sent to support the skirmishers, who were ordered to hold the line of the first creek in the bottom until the column had moved out of range of the Confederate artillery. This was not done, however, without the loss of an ambulance and a caisson. When the skirmishers, after 3 hours, were withdrawn from the line of Mud creek, they took a position before the artillery, which had been placed on an eminence, and there awaited an attack, but the enemy failed to advance.


Muddy Creek, Alabama, March 26, 1865. 2nd Cavalry Brigade, Lucas' Division. When the brigade arrived at Muddy creek, in the course of its march to Pollard during the Mobile campaign, some of the planks of the bridge were missing and it was necessary to repair the structure before it could be used. A portion of the 2nd Illinois was dismounted and sent across the stream to locate the enemy, who fired one volley and then fled. No casualties were reported.


Muddy Run, Virginia, April 5, 1863. 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry. This affair was a skirmish between the 1st Pennsylvania, under Colonel John P. Taylor, who was sent out on a reconnaissance toward Culpeper Court House, and the Confederates guarding the crossing of Muddy run. After an hour's rather severe fighting. Taylor withdrew without having lost a man, the enemy in the meantime having been strongly reinforced with cavalry, artillery and infantry.


Muddy Run, Virginia, November 8, 1863. 1st Division, Cavalry Corps. Army of the Potomac.


Mud Lake, Nevada, March 14, 1865. Detachment of 1st Nevada Cavalry. Twenty-nine men of the 1st Nev. and 2 citizens, under Captain A. B. Wells, surrounded at daylight the camp of a band of Indians wanted for stealing cattle. The Indians attempted to cut their way out, but before the fight was over they had lost 29 killed and only 1 managed to escape. Several of the attacking party were slightly wounded.


Mud Springs, Nebraska, February 4-6, 1865. 7th and 11th Ohio Cavalry. On learning that the telegraph station at Mud springs, 105 miles from Fort Laramie, had been surrounded and attacked by Indians 50 men of the nth Ohio were despatched from Camp Mitchell, some 55 miles distant from the scene of the attack, and 120 of the 7th Ohio under Lieut.-Colonel William O. Collins started from Fort Laramie. Page 622 The detachment from Camp Mitchell reached the place at daylight on the 5th, that from Fort Laramie on the morning of the 6th, and about 7 a. m. the Indians began coming over the hills in force. Owing to the nature of the ground it was necessary for the men to fight 1n Indian fashion, selecting hillocks, etc., behind which they took position and fired at the red men whenever one appeared. A charge was made on a point which the Indians had gained and from which they were enabled to shoot arrows into the camp. About 2 p. m. the enemy began withdrawing into the hills and by dusk all had gone. The loss of the white men was 7 wounded, while the casualties among the Indians amounted to probably 50 killed and wounded.


Mud Town, Arkansas, August 24. 1864. 2nd Arkansas Cavalry. A detachment of this regiment, while guarding and escorting an ordnance and subsistence train to Fayetteville, was attacked at Mud Town by 95 guerrillas. The Union loss was 2 men mortally wounded. That of the enemy was not learned, as he retreated, taking his dead and wounded with him.


Mulberry Creek, Georgia, August 3, 1864. (See Stoneman's Raid to Macon.)


Mulberry Gap, Tennessee, November 19, 1863. Detachment of 65th Indiana Infantry. Brigadier-General Orlando B. Willcox reporting under date of November 20. states: "A small scouting party, under command of Captain Hammond, 65th Indiana mounted, charged through the camp of a rebel regiment (64th Virginia) and scattered it at Mulberry gap last night, killing 3, wounding 1, capturing 1 prisoner, some horses and arms."


Mulberry Gap, Tennessee, July 28, 1864. (See Long's Mills. same date.)


Mulberry River, Arkansas, February 3, 1863. Detachment of 1st Arkansas Cavalry. Seven men of the 1st Arkansas under Captain Robert E. Travis attacked 30 Confederates in a log house near the mouth of Mulberry river and fought them for nearly half an hour, when the enemy retreated, having lost several in killed and wounded. Travis' command was so badly crippled that it was unable to take advantage of the victory, having had 3 men killed, 1 wounded and 1 captured, though 12 of the Confederates were made prisoners.


Mulberry Road, Virginia, February 12, 1864. (See Jonesville Road.)


Mulberry Village, Tennessee, December 23, 1863. Five men from post of Tullahoma. One wagon of a forage train operating near Mulberry village became separated from the remainder and Lieut. Samuel D. Porter of 27th Indiana, and 4 men of that regiment. 2 from the 22nd Wisconsin and 2 from the 9th Ohio battery, were captured by guerrillas. After marching them several miles through fields and woods the men were placed in line and 4 of them shot. Porter broke and ran and after wandering in the woods for many hours was picked up by a Federal scout. Muldraugh's Hill, Kentucky, December 28, 1862. Brigadier-General John H. Morgan in the report of his second Kentucky raid mentions the shelling of a Federal stockade at Muldraugh's hill and subsequently the surrender of the garrison. The casualties were not reported.


Munford's Station, Alabama, April 23, 1865. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, Cavalry Corps, Military Division of the Mississippi. This brigade under Brigadier-General John T. Croxton, after being detached from Wilson's main column in the latter's raid, encountered Hill's brigade of Confederates, 500 strong with a piece of artillery, at Munford's station. Croxton attacked and routed the enemy, capturing his artillery and dispersing the men in the woods. The casualties were not reported.


Munfordville, Kentucky, December 17, 1861. (See Rowlett's Station, same date.)


Munfordville, Kentucky, September 14-17, 1862. U. S. Forces under Colonel J. T. Wilder and Colonel Cyrus L. Dunham. On Saturday, September 13, the Confederates under Brigadier-General James R. Chalmers made their appearance before Munfordville and at daylight Sunday a furious attack was made on the pickets on the south side of the river. A company of the 74th Indiana was sent out as a reserve and only fell back when the pickets were being flanked. The advance line fought stubbornly for over an hour, but fell back when ordered to do so by Colonel Wilder, commandant of the post. By 5:30 a. m. the fighting had become general along the whole line and an hour later it became apparent that the enemy was about to storm the works. The Union troops fixed bayonets as the Confederates with a cheer rushed forward. When they were within 30 yards of the intrenchments Wilder opened fire from both artillery and infantry and so fierce was this volley that the Confederates not killed or wounded turned and ran to cover. They recovered promptly, however, and made another charge on the redoubts which met the same fate. The enemy was then content to remain under cover until about 9:30 a. m., when under a flag of truce Chalmers sent in a summons to surrender, which was peremptorily refused. Reinforcements in the shape of 6 companies of the 50th Indiana under Colonel Dunham had arrived at 9 a. m. and during the rest of the day a desultory firing was kept up by both sides. Dunham, being the senior officer, assumed command after nightfall, when work was resumed on the intrenchments and the next day Colonel Richard Owen with about 1,000 men of the 28th Kentucky, 60th and 68th Indiana infantry, and the 1st Ohio artillery, made his way to Munfordville from Lebanon Junction. Nothing more than skirmishing was done on this day. About 9:30 a. m. on Tuesday the Confederates attacked the pickets on the south side of the town and drove them in, but their further advance was resisted gallantly by 4 companies of Indiana troops, who retired only when about to be overcome by superior numbers. The enemy's object seemed to be to avoid the works on the Federal left where he had been so severely repulsed on Sunday, and to carry the redoubt on the right. This attempt was frustrated and by 11 a. m. the entire line had become engaged. Between 2 and 3 p. m. the fire slackened and the enemy apparently withdrew. To make sure of his whereabouts Dunham sent a company of the 50th Indiana to a strip of timber a quarter of a mile in advance of the works. This company soon became hotly engaged and with another company of the same regiment sent as a support was obliged to fall back. Between 5 and 6 a flag of truce was advanced from the Confederate lines with another demand for a surrender. Dunham again refused to consider the proposal but later asked for a cessation of hostilities while the proposition was considered. In the meantime Bragg had come up with his whole army and at a council of the Union officers it was decided to agree to his terms of surrender. Dunham had been relieved of the command during the evening and when on the 17th the Union forces surrendered Wilder was again in command. The 4,133 men who fell into the hands of the enemy belonged to the 17th, 50th, 60th, 67th, 68th, 74th, 78th and 89th Indiana, 28th, 33d and 34th Kentucky, and 18th U. S. infantry, 13th battery, Indiana light artillery, Battery D, 1st Ohio light artillery and 141 men from miscellaneous detachments. Fifty-seven of the captured were wounded and 15 had been killed before the surrender occurred. The Confederates lost, according to Chalmer's report, 35 killed and 253 wounded.


Munfordville, Kentucky, September 31, 1862. The only report of this engagement is the mention made of it in Brigadier-General Joseph Wheeler's review of the operations of his cavalry in Tennessee and Kentucky. During the 20th the Federal commander occupied the whole day in deploying his troops and early the next morning advanced on Wheeler's pickets. About noon the main Confederate line became engaged and the Federals attempted to turn Wheeler's right flank. A charge of the 1st Alabama from the Confederate right wing was unavailing, and Wheeler was obliged to withdraw across the Green river. Later in the day the Union forces effected a crossing below and Wheeler was again obliged to withdraw. No casualties were reported.


Munson's Hill, Virginia, August 31, 1861. Detachment of 3d New Jersey Infantry. Colonel George W. Taylor of the 3d New Jersey infantry, with two companies of his regiment, started from his camp to dislodge some Confederates near Vanderburg's house, who had been annoying the Federal pickets. His course lay through a strip of woods to a cornfield, on the opposite side of which was the road which he intended to take. His men had just entered the cornfield when they were fired upon from ambush. The fire was immediately returned in the direction from which it kept coming and after a minute Taylor ordered his men to retire to the cover of the woods. The order was misunderstood by the men, who hastily retreated until they had gained the road three-quarters of a mile distant, having lost 2 killed and 3 wounded.


Murfreesboro, Tennessee, July 13, 1862. 9th Michigan and 3d Minnesota Infantry; Detachments of 4th Kentucky and 7th Pennsylvania Cavalry, and Battery B, Kentucky Light Artillery. At daylight on the 13th Forrest's Confederate cavalry surrounded and captured the pickets stationed just outside of Murfreesboro without firing a shot and then rushed into the camp of the 7th Pennsylvania cavalry. After passing through this camp they attacked the 9th Michigan, which was ready to receive them. After 20 minutes of hand-to-hand fighting the Michigan men charged and drove the enemy out of the camp. A strong position was secured and Lieut.-Colonel J. G. Parkhurst, commanding, sent word to Colonel Henry C. Lester, whose camp was on the other side of the town, that with reinforcements he could drive the enemy from the town. Lester failed to respond either to this or a second call for reinforcements and later in the day surrendered his whole command, together with the Kentucky battery, without offering any resistance. Meantime Forrest surrounded Parkhurst and at 11 a. m. the latter surrendered. Another company of the 9th Michigan, acting as provost guard and stationed in the court-house, kept up a stiff resistance until the building was set on fire about 1 p. m. and the occupants were obliged to surrender. Brigadier-General T. T. Crittenden, who with a few men had held his headquarters for several hours after the surrender at the court-house, was made a prisoner. Aside from the number captured the Federals lost 19 killed, 120 wounded and 143 missing, of an original force of 1.o40. Forrest's report states that about 25 of his men were killed and from 40 to 60 wounded. Colonel Lester was dismissed from the service for his disgraceful surrender. Murfreesboro, Tennessee, December 31, 1862.-January 3, 1863. (See Stone's River.) Murfreesboro, Tennessee, February 4-7, 1863. Foraging parties of the 20th Army Corps. Confederate cavalry attacked the foraging train of the 20th corps on the 4th and again on the 7th and each time it was necessary to send out a brigade to drive the enemy away. In the first attack 4 of the foraging party were wounded.


Murfreesboro, Tennessee, June 3. 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Army of the Cumberland. At 1:30 p. m. a corporal from the picket on the Manchester pike came to Colonel Robert H. G. Minty and reported that the enemy was advancing in force on the Wartrace road. Major Frank W. Mix, with 100 men of the 4th Michigan, was sent out to hold the Confederates in check until the remainder of the brigade could be brought up. By the time Minty arrived the enemy had opened on Mix w1th 3 pieces of artillery from the opposite bank of Stone's river, to which they had been driven. A section of artillery with Minty's brigade soon silenced the enemy's guns and caused him to retire. The Federals had 1 man wounded, and the enemy was known to have carried off 4.


Murfreesboro, Tennessee, June 6, 1863. 2nd and 8th Indiana Cavalry.


Murfreesboro, Tennessee, September 3, 1864. 100th U. S. Colored Infantry.


Murfreesboro, Tennessee, December 7, 1864. Reconnaissance by Major-General Robert H. Milroy. Pursuant to orders from General L. H. Rousseau, commanding the District of Tennessee. Milroy organized a reconnaissance to feel the enemy in the vicinity of Murfreesboro. His force was divided into two brigades. The 1st, commanded by Colonel Minor T. Thomas of the 8th Minnesota infantry, consisted of that regiment, the 61st Illinois, 174th and 181st Ohio infantry, and a 6-gun battery under Captain Bundy of the 13th New York art1llery. The 2nd Brigade, commanded by Colonel Edward Anderson, of the 12th Indiana cavalry, was composed of the 177th and 178th Ohio infantry, the 12th Indiana cavalry (dismounted) and a detachment of the 5th Tennessee cavalry, the total strength of the expedition being 3,325 men. Milroy moved out on the Salem pike about 10 a. m., the cavalry detachment in advance. Half a mile from the Union picket line the enemy's cavalry was encountered and part of the 61st Illinois was thrown forward to assist the Tennesseeans in driving them. At Stone's river, 2 miles out, some 300 Confederate cavalry was discovered on the opposite bank and a section of artillery was brought up to dislodge them. A few shells served to do the work, and Milroy pressed on in pursuit for 2 miles, when he learned that two brigades of the enemy's cavalry— Jackson's and Armstrong's—were at Salem, a mile further on, and that Forrest and Bate, with a large force of infantry, cavalry and artillery were just north of him on the Wilkinson pike. Milroy turned his course in that direction and when within half a mile of the pike his skirmishers encountered those of the enemy, who soon afterward opened fire from a 6-gun battery stationed in the edge of a wood. Bundy's guns were brought to the front and replied with spirit, but his limited supply of ammunition was exhausted in 30 minutes. Finding that the enemy would not advance across the open field to attack, Milroy fell back until he had Fort Rosecrans in his rear, and sent the battery back to the fort for a new supply of ammunition. He then formed his command in two lines of battle, Thomas' brigade in the first and Anderson's in the second, with the 61 st Illinois deployed as skirmishers. The whole force then advanced and the skirmishing commenced, the enemy gradually falling back about a mile to a strong position in the edge of a wood with a cotton field in front. The Union skirmishers now fell back to the flanks of the first line of battle, which advanced and soon became engaged in a fierce contest for possession of the wood. As the line showed signs of wavering, Milroy directed Anderson to send the 178th Ohio on the double-quick to the left, and move the remainder of his brigade up in close support. Thus reinforced the line moved forward with a yell and drove the enemy from his position, capturing a Page 626 number of prisoners, 2 pieces of artillery (12-pounder Napoleons), and a battle flag. At this juncture Bundy returned with his battery and shelled a body of cavalry that was threatening Milroy's flank, causing them to join in the general retreat. The command was now halted to replenish ammunition, and while thus engaged an order was received from Rousseau, directing Milroy to return to the fort, as a large force of Confederates was advancing upon him from the north. The Union loss was 22 killed and 186 wounded. No report was made of the enemy's casualties, but Milroy reported 197 prisoners, and says: "From the number of dead and wounded observed on the field their loss must have been greater than mine."


Murfreesboro, Tennessee, December 15. 1864. 61st Illinois Infantry, 1st Michigan Engineers and 12th Indiana Cavalry. A train bearing these troops from Stevenson to Murfreesboro was fired into near Christiana and it became necessary for the detachment to disembark and repair the road. Even then the progress of the train was very slow and when within 6 miles of Murfreesboro it became apparent that it would have to be abandoned and an attempt made to cut a way out, as by this time it was wholly surrounded. After a desperate fight about 8 p. m. the Federals managed to break through the enemy's line, but only after losing 85 men of the 61 st Illinois, including the colonel, the whole detachment of engineers and the larger portion of the 30 men of the 12th Indiana cavalry. Most of the men were captured.


Murfreesboro, Tennessee, December 24, 1864. 12th U. S. Colored Infantry.


Murfreesboro Pike, Tennessee, December 27, 1862. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, Left Wing, Army of the Cumberland. As the Union forces were advancing toward Murfreesboro it was discovered that the enemy had planted a battery on the hill overlooking the bridge over Stewart's creek on the Murfreesboro pike, and had loaded the bridge with combustible materials preparatory to burning it. A section of Estep's battery was ordered up to dislodge the enemy, but the fire was promptly returned, and during the artillery duel the Confederates managed to set fire to the bridge. General Hascall, commanding the advance brigade, called for volunteers to save the bridge, and the skirmishers of the 3d Kentucky, with Company B, 26th Ohio, rushed in and threw the burning rails into the stream. Finding that their scheme had not worked the enemy withdrew, but a l1ttle later attacked Hascall on the left flank. The 26th Ohio quickly changed front-and repulsed the attack. The enemy then tried to cut off Captain Munger's company of the 100th Illinois which had been stationed to guard the left, but Munger turned on them, drove them into a corner and captured 24 men, 12 horses and 12 guns, with a loss of 2 men wounded. In the action at the br1dge the 26th Ohio had 20 men wounded. The enemy's loss there was not learned.


Murfreesboro Road, Tennessee, October 4, 1863. Second Cavalry Division, Army of the Cumberland. While pursuing Wheeler and Roddey in their raid on Rosecrans' communicat10ns, Brigadier-General George Crook's division caught up with their' rear-guard posted in a wood some 2 miles beyond McMinnville on the Murfreesboro road. The 2nd Kentucky made a charge which drove the Confederates back upon the main column and compelled the latter to turn and give fight. By the time the Union forces had been disposed the enemy was drawn up in the edge of a woods. The mounted infantry was dismounted and drove the Confederates from this strip of timber into another a short distance in the rear, where the fight lasted until darkness put an end to the hostilities. The casualties were not reported.


Murphy, North Carolina, August 2, 1864. (See Athens, Tennessee, August 1.)


Muscle Fork, Missouri, August 13, 1862. (See Grand River.)


Muscle Shoals, Alabama, October 30, 1864. U. S. Forces under General John T. Croxton. This affair was an attempt on the part of Croxton's troops to prevent the Confederates under General S. D. Lee from crossing the Tennessee river at Raccoon ford, 3 miles above Florence. Lee succeeded in attaining his object, with a loss (he states) to the Federals of AO in killed, wounded and prisoners.


Mustang Island, Texas, November 17, 1863. (See Aransas Pass, same date.)


Myerstown, West Virginia, November 18, 1864. Detachment of the 91st Ohio Infantry. Nahunta Station, North Carolina, April 10, 1865. 1st Division, 15th Army Corps. The division, commanded by Bvt. Major-General C. R. Woods, broke camp at Goldsboro at 5 a. m. and moved toward Pikeville, on the Weldon railroad. Near Nahunta a small force of Confederate cavalry was met and a slight skirmish ensued. Learning that Riddle's division of cavalry was encamped at a cross-road a short distance ahead. Woods pushed forward as rapidly as possible to engage him, but Riddle had abandoned his camp before the Federal advance came within striking distance.